Takardar Bayani na Fasaha na SMD LED 0603 Kori - Girman 1.6x0.8x0.6mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 3.2V - Wutar Lantarki 76mW

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun ƙayyadaddun bayanai na fasaha don na'urar haske mai fitar da haske (LED) mai hawa a saman (SMD) a cikin girman marufi 0603. Na'urar tana amfani da kayan semiconductor na Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) don samar da hasken kori. An ƙera shi don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik kuma ya dace da daidaitattun dabarun ginin reflow na infrared da matakin tururi, wanda ya sa ya dace da masana'antar kera lantarki mai yawa.

Babban fa'idodin wannan ɓangaren sun haɗa da ƙaramin ƙafarsa, dacewa da umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa masu haɗari), da ƙirarsa don aminci a cikin tsarin sanya atomatik. An yi niyya don amfani da shi a cikin nau'ikan aikace-aikacen lantarki na mabukaci da masana'antu inda ake buƙatar fitilun nuni, hasken baya, ko nunin matsayi.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici yana ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Waɗannan ƙimar ba don ci gaba da aiki ba ne.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):76 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin jimlar wutar lantarki da marufin LED zai iya watsawa azaman zafi a yanayin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F(PEAK)):100 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka yarda a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms). Wuce wannan zai iya haifar da gazawar bala'i nan da nan.
• Ci gaba da Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F):20 mA. Wannan shine shawarar matsakaicin halin yanzu don ci gaba da aikin DC don tabbatar da amincin dogon lokaci da kwanciyar hankali na fitar da haske.
• Rage Ƙimar Halin Yanzu na DC:Sama da yanayin zafi na 50°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka yarda yana raguwa a layi a ƙimar 0.25 mA a kowace digiri Celsius. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi a cikin rufaffiyar ko yanayin zafi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya fiye da wannan zai iya rushe mahaɗar PN na LED.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:An ƙididdige na'urar don aiki tsakanin -20°C zuwa +80°C kuma ana iya adana shi tsakanin -30°C zuwa +100°C.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na zafin yanayi 25°C da halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 20 mA, sai dai idan an faɗi.

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_V):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 71.0 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 450.0 mcd, tare da ƙimar al'ada da aka bayar. Ana sarrafa wannan faɗin kewayon ta hanyar tsarin binning (daki-daki daga baya). Ana auna ƙarfi ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don dacewa da amsawar haske na idon ɗan adam (lanƙwasa CIE).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 130. Wannan shine cikakkiyar kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimarsa da aka auna akan-axis. Kusurwar digiri 130 tana nuna faɗi, tsarin haske mai watse wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen nuni.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P):530 nm. Wannan shine tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon da fitar da ƙarfin haske ya fi girma.
• Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):525 nm. An samo wannan daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsawon tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya wanda ya fi bayyana launin hasken da aka gani. Shi ne ma'auni mai mahimmanci don daidaiton launi.
• Faɗin Bandwidth na Haske (Δλ):35 nm. Wannan shine faɗin bakan da aka fitar a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfinsa (Cikakken Faɗi a Rabin Matsakaici - FWHM). Ƙunƙuntaccen bandwidth yana nuna launi mai tsafta, cikakke.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Ya bambanta daga 2.80 V (Min) zuwa 3.60 V (Max), tare da ƙimar al'ada na 3.20 V a 20 mA. Ana sarrafa wannan bambance-bambance ta hanyar binning na ƙarfin lantarki.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya na 5 V. Ƙimar da ta fi wannan girma a aikace-aikace na iya nuna na'urar da ta lalace.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa "kwantena" bisa ma'auni na aiki mai mahimmanci. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun haƙuri don aikace-aikacensu.

3.1 Binning na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

Ana rarraba raka'a ta ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) da aka auna a 20 mA. Kwantena (D7 zuwa D10) suna da haƙuri na ±0.1V a cikin kowane kwandon.
Misali: Kwandon D8 ya ƙunshi LED tare da V_Ftsakanin 3.00V da 3.20V.

3.2 Binning na Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba raka'a ta ƙarfin haske (I_V) da aka auna a 20 mA. Kwantena (Q, R, S, T) suna da haƙuri na ±15% a cikin kowane kwandon.
Misali: Kwandon S ya ƙunshi LED tare da ƙarfi tsakanin 180.0 mcd da 280.0 mcd.

3.3 Binning na Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon

Ana rarraba raka'a ta tsawon tsawon tsawon (λ_d) da aka auna a 20 mA. Kwantena (AP, AQ, AR) suna da haƙuri na ±1 nm a cikin kowane kwandon.
Misali: Kwandon AQ ya ƙunshi LED tare da tsawon tsawon tsawon tsakanin 525.0 nm da 530.0 nm, yana samar da takamaiman inuwar kore.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwasa masu zane a cikin takardar bayanai (Fig.1, Fig.6), abubuwan da suka shafi su daidai ne ga fasahar LED.

• Lanƙwasa IV:Dangantakar tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) yana da ƙima. Ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki sama da ƙarfin "gwiwa" yana haifar da babban, mai yuwuwar lalacewa, ƙaruwa a cikin halin yanzu. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa tuƙi na yau da kullun yana da mahimmanci.
• Ƙarfin Haske vs. Halin Yanzu:Fitar da haske yana da kusan daidai da halin yanzu na gaba a cikin kewayon aiki. Duk da haka, inganci na iya raguwa a halin yanzu mai yawa saboda ƙarin zafi.
• Ƙarfin Haske vs. Zazzabi:Fitar da hasken LED yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. Wannan abu ne mai mahimmanci don la'akari da aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma ko tare da rashin ingantaccen sarrafa zafi.
• Rarraba Haske:Bakan hasken da aka fitar yana kusan Gaussian, a tsakiya a kusa da tsayin tsawon tsawon. Tsawon tsawon tsawon yana ayyana wurin launi da aka gani akan ginshiƙi na CIE.

5. Bayanan Injiniya & Marufi

5.1 Girman Marufi

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen ƙafar marufi 0603 na EIA, tare da girma kusan 1.6mm a tsayi, 0.8mm a faɗi, da 0.6mm a tsayi (haƙuri ±0.10mm). Ruwan tabarau yana da tsabta. Ya kamata a duba cikakkun zane-zane na injiniya don daidaitaccen shimfidar kushin da lissafin lissafi.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Ana nuna polarity ta hanyar alama a jikin ɓangaren ko ta hanyar fasalin da bai dace ba a cikin marufi. Ana yawan yiwa alama cathode. Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen polarity yayin haɗawa, saboda ƙarfin lantarki na baya sama da 5V na iya lalata na'urar.

5.3 Marufi na Kaset da Reel

Ana samar da abubuwan akan kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗi 8mm wanda aka nannade akan reels mai diamita 7-inch (178mm). Daidaitaccen adadin reel shine guda 3000. Marufi yana bin ƙa'idodin ANSI/EIA 481-1-A, yana tabbatar da dacewa da kayan aikin zaɓi da sanyawa ta atomatik. Kaset ɗin yana da murfi don kare abubuwa daga gurɓatawa.

6. Jagororin Gini & Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Ginin Reflow

LED ya dace da hanyoyin gini marasa gubar (Pb-free). An ba da shawarar bayanin reflow na infrared:
- Pre-heat:150°C zuwa 200°C.
- Lokacin Pre-heat:Matsakaicin dakika 120 don ba da damar daidaita zafi da kunnawa na juzu'i.
- Matsakaicin Zazzabi:Matsakaicin 260°C.
- Lokaci Sama da Liquidus:Dakika 10 matsakaicin a matsakaicin zafin jiki. Kada a yi reflow fiye da sau biyu.

6.2 Gini da Hannu

Idan gini da hannu ya zama dole, dole ne a yi taka tsantsan:
- Zafin Ƙarfe:Matsakaicin 300°C.
- Lokacin Gini:Matsakaicin dakika 3 a kowane gubar.
- Ya kamata a yi gini da hannu sau ɗaya kawai don rage damuwar zafi akan marufin filastik.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da takamaiman wakilan tsaftacewa. Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar sune barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl alcohol a zafin daki. Ya kamata a nutsar da LED na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko marufi.

6.4 Ajiya & Gudanarwa

- Ajiye a cikin yanayi wanda bai wuce 30°C da zafi na 70% ba.
- Da zarar an cire su daga asalin jakar shinge na danshi, ya kamata a sake gina abubuwan cikin mako guda.
- Don ajiye tsawon lokaci a wajen ainihin marufi, yi amfani da akwati mai rufewa tare da desiccant ko yanayin nitrogen.
- Abubuwan da aka adana fiye da mako guda a wajen jakar ya kamata a gasa a kusan 60°C na akalla sa'o'i 24 kafin gini don cire danshin da aka sha da hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

7. Shawarwari na Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

7.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuƙi

LEDs na'urori ne masu tuƙi na halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske, musamman lokacin haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya, ana ba da shawarar ƙarfafa resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na jeri don kowane LED (Tsarin Da'irar A). Ba a ba da shawarar tuƙa LED da yawa a layi daya kai tsaye daga tushen ƙarfin lantarki (Tsarin Da'irar B) ba, saboda ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin halayen ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) tsakanin LED ɗaya zai haifar da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin raba halin yanzu kuma, saboda haka, haske.

7.2 Kariya daga Zubar da Lantarki (ESD)

LED yana da hankali ga zubar da lantarki. Lalacewar ESD na iya bayyana azaman babban yawan zubar da baya, ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, ko gazawar cikakken fitar da haske. Dole ne a ɗauki matakan kariya:
- Ma'aikata ya kamata su sanya bel ɗin wuyan da aka kafa ko safar hannu masu hana tashin hankali.
- Duk tashoshin aiki, kayan aiki, da kayan aiki dole ne a kafa su da kyau.
- Yi amfani da ionizers don kawar da cajin tsaye wanda zai iya taruwa akan ruwan tabarau na filastik yayin gudanarwa.
- Bi daidaitattun hanyoyin gudanar da ESD (ANSI/ESD S20.20).

7.3 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake watsawar wutar lantarki tana da ƙasa (76mW matsakaicin), ingantaccen ƙirar zafi yana tsawaita rayuwa kuma yana kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na fitar da haske. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB don nutsewar zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu. Ku bi ƙayyadaddun ƙimar rage ƙimar halin yanzu sama da 50°C.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha & Abubuwan da ake la'akari

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaP, wannan LED kori na tushen InGaN yana ba da inganci mafi girma da fitarwa mai haske. Marufin 0603 yana ba da ƙaramin ƙafa sosai fiye da tsofaffin marufin LED kamar 0805 ko 1206, yana ba da damar ƙirar PCB mai yawan gaske. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 130 ya dace da alamomin kowane bangare, yayin da LED masu ƙunƙuntaccen kusurwa za a iya fifita su don aikace-aikacen katako mai mai da hankali. Cikakken tsarin binning yana ba da damar daidaita launi da daidaiton haske a cikin aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci idan aka kwatanta da abubuwan da ba a binne su ko faɗi.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga fitarwar dabaru na 5V?
A: A'a. Tare da V na al'ada_Fna 3.2V, haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa 5V zai haifar da halin yanzu mai yawa kuma ya lalata LED. Dole ne ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na jeri. Lissafa ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F.

Q: Me yasa akwai faɗin kewayon a cikin ƙarfin haske (71-450 mcd)?
A: Wannan shine cikakken yaduwar samarwa. Ta hanyar tsarin binning (Q, R, S, T), zaku iya siyan LED daga takamaiman, ƙunƙuntaccen kewayon ƙarfi (misali, Kwandon S: 180-280 mcd) don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samfurinku.

Q: Shin wannan LED ya dace da amfani a waje?
A: Kewayon zafin aiki shine -20°C zuwa +80°C. Yayin da zai iya aiki a yawancin yanayi na waje, dogon lokaci ga hasken rana kai tsaye, danshi, da radiation na UV na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy bayan lokaci. Don mawuyacin yanayi, yi la'akari da LED tare da rufi mai daidaitawa ko musamman mai ƙima don amfani da waje.

Q: Me zai faru idan na wuce ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki na baya?
A: Wuce 5V a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na baya zai iya haifar da rushewar avalanche na mahaɗar PN, wanda zai haifar da lalacewa nan da nan kuma na dindindin, sau da yawa gajeriyar kewayawa.

10. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar panel na nuna matsayi don na'urar hanyar sadarwa.
Panel yana buƙatar LED kori masu haske guda 10 iri ɗaya don nuna ayyukan hanyar haɗi da matsayin wutar lantarki. Don tabbatar da duk LED suna da haske iri ɗaya da launi, mai ƙira ya ƙayyade KwandonSdon ƙarfi (180-280 mcd) da KwandonAQdon tsawon tsawon tsawon (525-530 nm). Don tabbatar da halin yanzu mai daidaito, kowane LED ana tuƙa shi ta hanyar fil ɗin GPIO akan microcontroller ta hanyar resistor na jeri 100-ohm (wanda aka ƙididdige don samar da 3.3V da manufar halin yanzu ~20mA). Tsarin PCB ya haɗa da ƙaramin kushin taimakon zafi wanda aka haɗa zuwa filin ƙasa don watsar da zafi. Yayin haɗawa, masana'anta tana amfani da shawarar bayanin reflow na IR, kuma ma'aikata suna bin ƙa'idodin ESD. Sakamakon shine panel tare da fitilun nuni iri ɗaya, amintacce.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan na'urar haske ce ta semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce yuwuwar ginin haɗin gwiwa, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka zuwa yanki mai aiki (rijiyar quantum na InGaN). Waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsawon tsawon tsawon (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor na InGaN, wanda aka ƙera yayin aikin girma na epitaxial don samar da hasken kori (~525-530 nm). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy yana aiki don kare mutuwar semiconductor, siffanta fitar da haske, da haɓaka fitar da haske daga guntu.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Tushen fasaha don LED kori, InGaN, yana ci gaba da haɓakawa. Trends sun haɗa da:
- Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki:Bincike na ci gaba yana nufin rage "ragin inganci" (ragin inganci a manyan halayen tuƙi) da inganta ingancin quantum na ciki, wanda ke haifar da LED masu haske a ƙaramin wutar lantarki.
- Ƙananan Girma:Girman marufi yana ci gaba da raguwa (misali, daga 0603 zuwa 0402 da ƙarami) don biyan buƙatun ƙananan kayan lantarki na mabukaci.
- Ingantaccen Daidaiton Launi:Ci gaba a cikin girma na epitaxial da algorithms na binning suna ba da damar ƙuntata haƙuri na launi kai tsaye daga samarwa, yana rage buƙatar rarrabuwa na biyu.
- Mafi Girman Aminci:Haɓaka abubuwan marufi da fasahohin haɗa mutuwa suna tsawaita rayuwar aiki da ƙara juriya ga damuwa na zafi da injiniya.