Bayanin Fasaha na LED LTST-T180TGKT - Kallon Kusa 120 Digiri - Ruwa Bayyananne - InGaN Kore - 20mA - 3.2V Na Yau da Kullun - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTST-T180TGKT na'urar haske ce (LED) da aka tsara don haɗa allon lantarki (PCB) ta atomatik. Girman sa na ƙanƙanta ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin kayayyakin lantarki na masu amfani da na masana'antu.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Wannan LED yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci ga masana'antar lantarki na zamani. Ya cika ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa masu haɗari), yana tabbatar da amincin muhalli. Ana ba da kayan a cikin tef ɗin 8mm na ƙa'ida a kan reels na inci 7, wanda ya sa ya dace da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa na atomatik mai sauri. Tsarin sa ya dace da hanyoyin siyar da guduro na infrared (IR), wanda shine ma'auni don haɗa PCB mai yawa. Na'urar kuma ta dace da I.C. (Integrated Circuit), yana sauƙaƙa tsarin kewayen tuƙi. Kasuwowin da ake nufi sun haɗa da kayan aikin sadarwa (wayoyin mara igiya da wayoyin hannu), na'urori na atomatik na ofis (kwamfutocin tebur, tsarin hanyar sadarwa), kayan amfanin gida, da aikace-aikacen alamar cikin gida inda ake buƙatar tabbataccen nuna matsayi ko hasken alama.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani game da halayen lantarki, na gani, da na zafi waɗanda ke ayyana iyakokin aiki da yanayin aiki na LED.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsayi

Waɗannan matakan suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan yanayi ba. Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki shine 76 mW. Matsakaicin gudun gaba, lokacin da aka tuƙa shi tare da aikin 1/10 da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms, bai kamata ya wuce 80 mA ba. Matsakaicin gudun gaba na DC na ci gaba shine 20 mA. Ana iya aiki da adana na'urar a cikin kewayon zafin jiki daga -40°C zuwa +100°C.

2.2 Halayen Zafi

Sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci ga tsawon rayuwar LED da kwanciyar hankali na aiki. Matsakaicin zafin jiki (Tj) da aka yarda shine 115°C. Matsakaicin juriyar zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa yanayin muhalli (Rθja) shine 175°C/W. Wannan siga yana nuna yadda za a iya kawar da zafi daga haɗin gwiwar semiconductor zuwa iskar da ke kewaye; ƙananan ƙima ya fi kyau. Tsarin PCB mai kyau tare da isassun taimakon zafi yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakoki masu aminci, musamman lokacin aiki a matsakaicin gudun gaba.

2.3 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne sigogin aiki na yau da kullun da aka auna a zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) ya bambanta daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 710 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 1540 mcd a gudun gaba (IF) na 20 mA. Kallon kusa (2θ1/2), wanda aka ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar axial, shine digiri 120, yana ba da filin haske mai faɗi sosai. Matsakaicin tsayin fitarwa (λP) shine 523 nm, yana sanya shi a cikin yankin kore na bakan gani. Tsayin tsayin da ya fi rinjaye (λd), wanda ke ayyana launin da ake gani, ya bambanta daga 515 nm zuwa 530 nm a 20mA. Ramin rabin layin bakan (Δλ) yawanci shine 25 nm. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) a 20mA ya bambanta daga 2.8V zuwa 3.8V. Gudun baya (IR) shine matsakaicin 10 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V; yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba a tsara na'urar don aikin baya ba kuma wannan yanayin gwaji ne kawai don dalilai na bayanai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon aiki. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar abubuwan da suka dace da takamaiman ƙarfin lantarki, haske, da buƙatun launi don aikace-aikacensu.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF)

Ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon bisa ga raguwar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a 20mA. Lambobin kwandon sune D7 (2.8V-3.0V), D8 (3.0V-3.2V), D9 (3.2V-3.4V), D10 (3.4V-3.6V), da D11 (3.6V-3.8V). Haƙuri a cikin kowane kwandon shine ±0.1V. Zaɓin LED daga kwandon ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi zai iya taimakawa wajen tabbatar da daidaiton haske lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Hasken (IV)

An rarraba haske zuwa kwandon uku: V1 (710-910 mcd), V2 (910-1185 mcd), da W1 (1185-1540 mcd). Haƙuri akan kowane kwandon ƙarfi shine ±11%. Wannan rarrabuwar yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen fitowar gani a cikin alamomi da yawa.

3.3 Rarrabuwar Tsayin Tsayin (Wd)

An rarraba launi (tsayin tsayin) kamar haka: AP (515-520 nm), AQ (520-525 nm), da AR (525-530 nm). Haƙuri ga kowane kwandon shine ±1 nm. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton inuwar kore a cikin duk raka'a a cikin jerin samarwa, wanda yake da mahimmanci don dalilai na ado da sigina.

4. Bincike Mai zurfi na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman bayanan hoto a cikin takardar bayanai, lanƙwasa na yau da kullun na wannan nau'in LED zai nuna mahimman alaƙa. Lanƙwasa na gaba vs. ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (I-V) yana nuna alaƙar alaƙar diode. Lanƙwasa mai dacewa na ƙarfin haske vs. gaba yawanci yana nuna kusan haɓakar haske tare da halin yanzu har zuwa wani lokaci, bayan haka inganci na iya raguwa. Lanƙwasa mai dacewa na ƙarfin haske vs. zafin yanayi yana da mahimmanci, kamar yadda fitowar LED gabaɗaya tana raguwa tare da haɓakar zafin haɗin gwiwa. Lanƙwasa rarraba bakan zai nuna kololuwa a ko kusa da 523 nm tare da siffar halayyar da aka ayyana ta 25 nm rabin faɗi. Fahimtar waɗannan lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar ingantattun kewayen tuƙi da tsarin sarrafa zafi don cimma daidaitaccen aiki a tsawon rayuwar samfurin da kuma a cikin takamaiman kewayon zafin aiki.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

5.1 Girman Kunshin da Polarity

LED yana zuwa a cikin kunshin SMD na yau da kullun. Launin ruwan tabarau yana bayyananne, kuma tushen hasken shine guntu na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) wanda ke samar da hasken kore. Duk girmansun ana ba da su a cikin milimita tare da haƙuri na yau da kullun na ±0.2 mm sai dai idan an lura daban. Ana gano cathode ta hanyar alamar gani akan kunshin, kamar notch ko kore ɗigo, wanda dole ne a daidaita shi da alamar da ta dace akan sawun PCB.

5.2 Pad ɗin Haɗin PCB da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da zanen tsarin ƙasa don siyar da guduro na infrared ko tururi. Bin wannan sawun da aka ba da shawara yana da mahimmanci don cimma ingantaccen tsarin haɗin guduro, tabbatar da kyakkyawar haɗin lantarki, da samar da isasshen ƙarfin injiniya. Ƙirar pad ɗin kuma tana rinjayar hanyar zafi don kawar da zafi daga haɗin gwiwar LED zuwa PCB.

5.3 Kunshin Tef da Reel

Ana ba da abubuwan a kan tef ɗin 8mm mai faɗi da aka yi da shi a kan reels mai diamita inci 7 (178mm). Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 5000. Don adadin da bai kai cikakken reel ba, mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 ya shafi. Kunshin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Aljihun tef ɗin an rufe shi da tef ɗin murfin sama don kare abubuwan daga danshi da gurɓata yayin ajiya da sarrafawa.

6. Jagororin Siyarwa da Haɗawa

6.1 Yanayin Ajiya

Ajiya da kyau yana da mahimmanci don hana shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da \"popcorning\" ko fashewa yayin siyar da guduro. A cikin asalin jakar da ba ta shiga danshi tare da busassun abu, yakamata a adana LED a ≤30°C da ≤70% Danshi na Dangi (RH) kuma a yi amfani da su cikin shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe jakar, yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Abubuwan da aka fallasa ga yanayin yanayi fiye da sa'o'i 168 (7 kwanaki) yakamata a gasa su a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin siyarwa don cire danshin da aka sha.

6.2 Shawarwarin Siyarwa

LED ya dace da hanyoyin siyar da guduro na infrared mara gubar (Pb-free). An ba da shawarar bayanin martaba mai bin J-STD-020B. Manyan sigogi sun haɗa da yankin pre-heat na 150-200°C na matsakaicin dakika 120, da matsakaicin zafin jikin kunshin bai wuce 260°C ba na matsakaicin dakika 10. Yakamata a iyakance sake kwarara zuwa matsakaicin zagaye biyu. Don sake gyara da hannu tare da guntun guduro, zafin ƙarshen bai kamata ya wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar yakamata a iyakance shi zuwa dakika 3 don aiki ɗaya kawai. An jaddada cewa mafi kyawun bayanin martaba ya dogara da takamaiman ƙirar PCB, man guduro, da tanda, don haka halayen tsari yana da mahimmanci.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan siyarwa, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da kaushi da aka ƙayyade. Nitsar LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana da kyau. Yin amfani da masu tsaftacewa na sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata kayan kunshin LED.

7. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

7.1 Hanyar Tuƙi

LED na'urar aiki ce ta halin yanzu. Haskensa shine aikin gudun gaba (IF), ba ƙarfin lantarki ba. Don haka, yakamata a koyaushe a tuƙa shi ta amfani da tushen halin yanzu na yau da kullun ko resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da tushen ƙarfin lantarki. Ba a ba da shawarar tuƙa shi da tushen ƙarfin lantarki mai sauƙi ba saboda zai iya haifar da guduwar zafi da gazawar na'urar. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor na jere ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_supply - VF_LED) / IF, inda VF_LED shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na yau da kullun ko matsakaicin daga takardar bayanai don tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu bai wuce matsakaicin matsayi ba a cikin mafi munin yanayi.

7.2 Gudanar da Zafi a cikin Ƙira

Ganin juriyar zafi na 175°C/W, isasshen nutsewar zafi yana da mahimmanci don aiki mai aminci, musamman a manyan yanayin zafi ko matsakaicin halin yanzu. PCB da kansa yana aiki azaman babban mai kwantar da zafi. Yin amfani da mafi girman yanki na tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa ƙasa ko jiragen wutar lantarki ta hanyar ramukan zafi na iya inganta kawar da zafi sosai, rage zafin haɗin gwiwa, kuma ta haka ƙara fitowar haske da tsawon rayuwar aiki.

7.3 Iyakoki na Aikace-aikace

An yi amfani da wannan LED don amfani da shi a cikin na'urorin lantarki na yau da kullun. Ba a tsara shi ko cancanta don aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar amincin na musamman, musamman a cikin tsarin masu mahimmanci na aminci kamar jirgin sama, sufuri, tallafin rayuwa na likita, ko na'urorin aminci inda gazawar za ta iya jefa rayuwa ko lafiya cikin haɗari. Don irin waɗannan aikace-aikace, tuntuɓar masana'anta don takamaiman abubuwan da suka cancanta wajibi ne.

8. Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun da Nazarin Lamura

Yanayi 1: Alamar Matsayi na Gaban Panel:A cikin na'urar hanyar sadarwa ko panel iko na masana'antu, ana iya amfani da LED LTST-T180TGKT da yawa don nuna matsayin wutar lantarki, ayyukan hanyar sadarwa, ko kuskuren tsarin. Kallon kusa na digiri 120 yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin alama daga fa'idodi masu yawa. Ta zaɓar LED daga kwandon ƙarfi ɗaya (misali V2), ana iya samun daidaiton haske a cikin duk alamomi.

Yanayi 2: Hasken Baya don Panels na Maɓalli na Membrane:Ruwan tabarau bayyananne da faɗin kallon kusa sun sa wannan LED ya dace don hasken gefen siririn acrylic ko polycarbonate da ake amfani da su a bayan alamomi akan panel iko don kayan aiki ko na'urorin likita. Launin kore yana ba da haske mai haske, ƙarancin haske.

Yanayi 3: Hasken Alama a cikin Muhallin Ƙarancin Hasken:Ana iya amfani da LED don haskaka alamun fita, lakabin sarrafawa, ko kayan aiki a cikin muhallin da hasken yanayi ya yi ƙasa. Ƙarfin haske mai yawa (har zuwa 1540 mcd) yana tabbatar da kyakkyawar gani.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller na 5V?

A: A'a. Fil ɗin microcontroller yawanci ba zai iya samar da 20mA akai-akai ba, kuma mafi mahimmanci, haɗa 5V kai tsaye zai lalata LED saboda yawan halin yanzu. Dole ne ku yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ko da'irar direban transistor.

Q: Me yasa akwai irin wannan faɗin kewayon a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (2.8V zuwa 3.8V)?

A> Wannan ya faru ne saboda bambance-bambancen al'ada a cikin masana'antar semiconductor. Tsarin rarrabuwa yana ba ku damar zaɓar sassa tare da ƙaramin kewayon ƙarfin lantarki don ƙirarku don tabbatar da daidaiton hali, musamman lokacin haɗa LED a layi daya.

Q: Me zai faru idan na wuce matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa na 115°C?

A: Yin aiki sama da Tj(max) zai ƙara lalata LED, yana haifar da raguwar saurin fitowar haske (ragewar lumen) da gajartar rayuwar aiki sosai. A cikin matsanancin yanayi, zai iya haifar da gazawar bala'i nan take.

Q: Shin wannan LED ya dace da amfani a waje?

A: Takardar bayanai ba ta ƙayyade ƙimar shigarwa (IP) ko cancanta don yanayin yanayi na waje (fallasa UV, danshi, zagayowar zafi) ba. An tsara shi da farko don aikace-aikacen cikin gida. Don amfani da waje, za a buƙaci takamaiman ƙirar LED da aka tsara kuma an cancanta.

10. Ka'idar Aiki da Trends na Fasaha

10.1 Ka'idar Aiki ta Asali

LED diode ne na haɗin gwiwar semiconductor p-n. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, ana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Launin hasken yana ƙayyade ta hanyar tazarar makamashi na kayan semiconductor. LTST-T180TGKT yana amfani da guntu na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride), wanda shine daidaitaccen tsarin kayan don samar da LED kore, shuɗi, da fari.

10.2 Trends na Masana'antu

Gabaɗayan yanayin a cikin LED na SMD yana zuwa ga ingantacciyar inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikin ƙananan fakitoci, da ingantaccen daidaiton launi da fassara. Hakanan akwai mai da hankali sosai akan aminci da tsawon rai, wanda aikace-aikacen hasken mota da hasken gabaɗaya ke motsawa. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin kai tare da masu tuƙi masu hankali da na'urori masu auna firikwensin don tsarin haske mai hankali wani yanki ne mai tasowa. Yayin da wannan takamaiman ɓangaren LED ne na alama na yau da kullun, fasahar InGaN ta asali tana ci gaba da haɓakawa, tana tura iyakokin aiki a cikin duk nau'ikan LED.