Takardar Bayanin SMD LED Kore AlInGaP - 3.0x1.5x1.1mm - 2.4V - 75mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na LED mai haɗawa da saman, wanda ke amfani da guntu na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don samar da hasken kore. An ƙera na'urar ne don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi da amincin a cikin ƙaramin fakitin da ya dace da ma'auni na masana'antu. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da fitarwa mai haske sosai, dacewa da hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik, da bin ka'idojin RoHS da samfuran kore. Kasuwar da aka yi niyya ta haɗa da na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, alamomin masana'antu, hasken cikin mota, da kuma sassan haske na gabaɗaya inda daidaiton launi da haske suke da muhimmanci.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

An ƙididdige na'urar don matsakaicin ci gaba na halin yanzu (DC) na 30 mA a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C. Ragewar wutar lantarki yana iyakance zuwa 75 mW. Don aikin bugun jini, matsakaicin halin yanzu na 80 mA yana yiwuwa a ƙarƙashin zagayowar aiki na 1/10 tare da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya shine 5 V. An ƙayyade kewayon zafin aiki da ajiya daga -55°C zuwa +85°C. LED na iya jurewa haɗa ko haɗa infrared a 260°C na tsawon dakika 5, da haɗa matakin tururi a 215°C na tsawon mintuna 3. Matsakaicin raguwar 0.4 mA/°C ya shafi halin yanzu na gaba sama da zafin muhalli na 50°C.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

An auna a Ta=25°C da halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 20 mA, manyan ma'auni kamar haka ne. Ƙarfin haske (IV) yana da ƙimar al'ada na 600 mcd, tare da mafi ƙarancin 180 mcd. Kallon kusurwa (2θ1/2), wanda aka ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwa a rabin ƙarfi, shine digiri 25. Tsawon tsayin fitarwa (λP) yawanci shine 574 nm, yayin da tsayin tsayin (λd), wanda ke ayyana launin da ake gani, yawanci shine 571 nm. Ramin layin bakan (Δλ) shine 15 nm. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) yana kewayo daga 2.0 V zuwa 2.4 V a 20 mA. Halin yanzu na baya (IR) shine matsakaicin 10 μA a ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5 V. Ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa (C) shine 40 pF da aka auna a 0 V da 1 MHz.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara bisa manyan ma'auni. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikace don ƙarfin lantarki, haske, da launi.

3.1 Binning Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

Ana rarraba ƙarfin lantarki na gaba cikin matakai na 0.1 V. Lambobin bin suna kewayo daga 4 (1.90V - 2.00V) zuwa 8 (2.30V - 2.40V). Haƙuri a cikin kowane kwandon shara shine ±0.1 V. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don lissafin resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu da kuma tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin layukan layi.

3.2 Binning Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba ƙarfin haske akan ma'aunin logarithmic. Lambobin bin sune: S (180-280 mcd), T (280-450 mcd), U (450-710 mcd), V (710-1120 mcd), da W (1120-1800 mcd). Haƙuri na ±15% ya shafi kowane kwandon shara. Wannan yana ba da damar zaɓi don buƙatun haske daban-daban.

3.3 Binning Tsayin Tsayin

Tsayin tsayin, wanda ke ayyana wurin launin kore, ana rarraba shi cikin matakai na 3 nm. Lambobin bin sune C (567.5-570.5 nm), D (570.5-573.5 nm), da E (573.5-576.5 nm). Haƙuri shine ±1 nm a kowane kwandon shara, yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi mai ƙarfi don aikace-aikace kamar nunin launi cikakke ko alamomin yanayin inda daidaiton launi ke da mahimmanci.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwasa masu hoto a cikin takardar bayanai (Fig.1, Fig.6), ana iya bayyana abubuwan da suka haifar. Alakar tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba (IF) da ƙarfin haske (IV) yawanci yana da ƙarfi sosai, ma'ana ƙarfin yana ƙaruwa fiye da daidaito tare da halin yanzu har zuwa wani lokaci, bayan haka inganci ya ragu. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) yana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau; yana raguwa kaɗan yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. Lanƙwasa rarraba bakan yana nuna ƙaramin kololuwa a kusa da 574 nm, wanda shine sifa na fasahar AlInGaP, yana ba da tsaftar launi mai tsafta da inganci a yankin kore-rawaya idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaP.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshewa

5.1 Girman Kunshin

LED yana cikin kunshin da ya dace da ma'auni na masana'antu don haɗawa da saman. Manyan girmansu sun haɗa da girman jiki na kusan 3.0mm a tsayi, 1.5mm a faɗi, da 1.1mm a tsayi (na al'ada don wannan nau'in kunshin). Na'urar tana da ruwan tabarau na dome wanda ke taimakawa wajen cimma ƙayyadaddun kusurwar kallo na digiri 25 ta hanyar siffata fitarwar haske. Duk haƙƙoƙin girma suna ±0.10 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade su.

5.2 Gano Polarity da Ƙirar Pad

Ana gano cathode ta hanyar alamar gani akan kunshin, kamar tsaga, ɗigo, ko yanke kusurwa. An ba da ƙayyadaddun girmen guntun guntun don tabbatar da haɗa daidai da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Ƙirar pad ta yi la'akari da taimakon zafi da kuma hana kabari yayin sake kwarara. Ana ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa wanda ya ɗan faɗaɗa fiye da ƙafar kunshin don samar da fillet na guntun guntun amintacce.

6. Jagororin Haɗawa da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanan Sake Kwarara

An ba da shawarar bayanan sake kwarara guda biyu: ɗaya don tsarin haɗa SnPb na al'ada da ɗaya don tsarin haɗa mara gubar (misali, SnAgCu). Bayanin mara gubar yana buƙatar mafi girman zafin jiki, yawanci har zuwa 260°C, tare da lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (TAL) an sarrafa shi da kyau. Ƙimar hawan dumama da tsawon lokacin zafin jiki (dakika 5 matsakaici a 260°C) suna da mahimmanci don hana girgizar zafi ga ruwan tabarau na epoxy da kuma mutuwar semiconductor.

6.2 Ajiya da Gudanarwa

Ya kamata a adana LED a cikin yanayin da bai wuce 30°C da 70% zafi ba. Idan an cire su daga jakar shinge na asali, ya kamata a haɗa su cikin mako ɗaya. Don ajiya mai tsawo a wajen kunshe na asali, ana ba da shawarar ajiya a cikin akwati mai rufewa tare da bushewa ko a cikin yanayin nitrogen. Abubuwan da aka adana fiye da mako guda yakamata a gasa su a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 24 kafin haɗawa don cire danshin da aka sha da kuma hana "popcorning" yayin sake kwarara.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Kawai yakamata a yi amfani da takamaiman wakilan tsaftacewa. Ana ba da shawarar barasa isopropyl (IPA) ko ethyl alcohol. Yakamata a nutsar da LED a yanayin zafi na al'ada na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Mugayen ko sinadarai da ba a bayyana su ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy, wanda zai haifar da hazo ko fashewa.

7. Bayanin Kunshewa da Oda

Ana ba da LED akan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin 8mm, wanda aka nannade akan reels masu diamita 7-inch (178mm). Matsakaicin adadin reel shine guda 1500. Ana samun mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 don sauran adadi. Ƙayyadaddun tef da reel suna bin ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994. Tef ɗin saman yana rufe aljihunan fanko. Matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da suka ɓace a jere akan reel shine biyu.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Wannan LED ya dace don hasken baya na ƙananan LCD, fitilu na yanayi da alamomi a cikin kayan masarufi da na masana'antu, hasken dashboard na mota, hasken kayan ado, da alamomin da aka ɗora akan panel. Ƙarfinsa mai haske yana sa ya yi tasiri ko da a cikin yanayi mai haske kaɗan.

3.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da ƙira

Da'irar Tuƙi:LED na'urori ne masu tuƙi na halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske lokacin amfani da LED da yawa a layi daya, ana ba da shawarar sosai don amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu daban a cikin jerin tare da kowane LED (Tsarin Da'irar A). Tuƙi LED da yawa a layi daya daga resistor guda (Tsarin Da'irar B) ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda bambance-bambance a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) na kowane LED, wanda zai iya haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin halin yanzu don haka haske.

Gudanar da Zafi:Ko da yake kunshin yana da ƙanƙanta, dole ne a mutunta iyakar ɓarnar wutar lantarki na 75 mW, musamman a manyan yanayin zafi na muhalli. Dole ne a bi lanƙwasa raguwa. Isasshen yankin tagulla na PCB a kusa da guntun zafi na iya taimakawa wajen tarwatsa zafi.

Kariya ta ESD:Guntun AlInGaP yana da hankali ga zubar da lantarki (ESD). Abubuwan kula da gudanarwa sun haɗa da amfani da igiyoyin wuyan da aka kafa, tabarma mai hana lantarki, da ionizers. Duk kayan aiki da saman aiki dole ne a kafa su da kyau.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LED kore na GaP (Gallium Phosphide), fasahar AlInGaP tana ba da ingancin haske mai ƙarfi da haske sosai. Hakanan yana ba da ingantaccen jikewa na launi (kunkuntar faɗin bakan) da kwanciyar hankali akan bambance-bambancen zafi da halin yanzu. Idan aka kwatanta da InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) LED shuɗi/fari tare da canza phosphor don kore, ainihin LED kore na AlInGaP gabaɗaya suna ba da inganci mafi girma a cikin bakan kore mai tsafta, yana mai da su su fi dacewa don aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar takamaiman wuraren launin kore ko matsakaicin inganci a cikin kore.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 30 mA ci gaba?

A: Ee, amma kawai a ko ƙasa da zafin muhalli na 25°C. Yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi, matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka yarda yana raguwa bisa ga ƙimar raguwa na 0.4 mA/°C sama da 50°C. Don aiki mai dogon lokaci mai aminci, tuƙi a 20 mA ko ƙasa da haka shine al'ada.

Q: Me yasa ake buƙatar resistor daban ga kowane LED a layi daya?

A: Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) yana da haƙuri na samarwa da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau. Ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin VF na iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa mai yawa a cikin raba halin yanzu lokacin da aka haɗa LED a layi daya zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki guda tare da resistor ɗaya. Wannan yana haifar da rashin daidaiton haske da yuwuwar matsin lamba na na'ura ɗaya.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayin kololuwa da tsayin tsayin?

A: Tsayin tsayin kololuwa (λP) shine tsayin tsayin da rarraba ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma. Tsayin tsayin (λd) an samo shi ne daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsayin tsayin guda na bakan wanda ya dace da launin da ake gani na LED. λd ya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin bin lokacin yin oda?

A: Dole ne ka ƙayyade lambobin bin da ake buƙata don Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (misali, Bin 5), Ƙarfin Haske (misali, Bin T), da Tsayin Tsayin (misali, Bin D) don samun sassa waɗanda suka dace da buƙatun ƙarar ƙarfin lantarki, haske, da launi na da'irar ku daidai.

11. Ƙirar Aiki da Shari'ar Amfani

Shari'a: Ƙirar Panel na Yanayi na Multi-LED

Mai ƙira yana buƙatar alamomin kore guda 10 masu daidaito akan panel iko. Sun zaɓi wannan LED tare da kwandon shara: Ƙarfin Lantarki=6 (2.1-2.2V), Ƙarfi=T (280-450 mcd), Tsayin Tsayin=D (570.5-573.5 nm). Ƙarfin lantarki shine 5V. Ga kowane LED, ana ƙididdige resistor na jerin ta amfani da R = (Vsupply - Vf_typical) / If. Ta amfani da Vf_typ=2.15V da If=20mA, R = (5 - 2.15) / 0.02 = 142.5 Ω. An zaɓi resistor na al'ada na 150 Ω, wanda ya haifar da halin yanzu na ~19mA. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa duk LED 10 suna da halin yanzu da haske kusan iri ɗaya, duk da ƙananan bambance-bambancen Vf a cikin kwandon shara, saboda kowannensu yana da nasa resistor na saita halin yanzu. Kusurwar kallo na digiri 25 ya dace da nisan kallo da aka yi niyya na panel.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

AlInGaP wani abu ne na semiconductor na III-V. Launin hasken da aka fitar ana ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na yanki mai aiki, wanda ake daidaita shi ta hanyar daidaita ma'auni na Aluminum, Indium, Gallium, da Phosphorus. Babban abun ciki na Aluminum yana ƙara bandgap, yana motsa fitarwa zuwa ga gajerun tsayin tsayin (kore/rawaya), yayin da ƙarin Indium yana rage bandgap, yana motsawa zuwa ga tsayin tsayin (orange/ja). Wannan LED yana amfani da takamaiman abun ciki na AlInGaP don cimma fitarwa a cikin bakan kore (~571 nm). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai siffar dome yana aiki don fitar da kuma jagorantar wannan haske yadda ya kamata.

13. Trends na Ci gaban Fasaha

Trend a cikin fasahar LED yana ci gaba zuwa ga inganci mafi girma (lumens mafi yawa kowace watt), ƙara yawan wutar lantarki, da ingantaccen bayyana launi da daidaito. Don kayan AlInGaP, bincike yana mai da hankali kan inganta ingancin quantum na ciki da ingancin fitar da haske, mai yuwuwa ta hanyar ingantattun tsarin guntu kamar na bakin ciki ko ƙirar jujjuyawar guntu. Hakanan akwai ci gaba mai gudana don faɗaɗa gamut launi da kwanciyar hankali na AlInGaP a cikin kewayon tsayin sa. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin kai tare da masu tuƙi masu wayo da ƙananan ƙira don aikace-aikacen micro-display sune wuraren ci gaba masu aiki. Tuƙin don mafi girman aminci da aiki a cikin aikace-aikacen mota da na masana'antu na musamman yana tura ci gaba a cikin kayan kunshewa da gudanar da zafi don waɗannan na'urori.