SMD LED Kori Mai Watsawa 120° Kallon Kallo - 3.2x1.6x1.1mm - 3.3V - 80mW - Takardar Bayani

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakkun bayanai game da ƙayyadaddun na'urar haske mai ƙarfi (LED) mai amfani da na'urar haɗawa ta saman (SMD) wacce ke amfani da ruwan tabarau mai watsawa da fasahar InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don samar da hasken kori. An ƙera shi don haɗa allon da'ira da aka buga (PCB) ta atomatik, wannan kayan aiki ya dace sosai don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin kayan lantarki daban-daban. Babban aikinsa shine zama alamar yanayi, hasken sigina, ko don hasken baya na gaban allon a cikin na'urorin masu amfani, masana'antu, da na'urorin sadarwa.

An tattara LED a kan tef na 8mm wanda aka nannade akan reels mai diamita inci 7, yana sauƙaƙe hanyoyin haɗawa masu sauri na ɗauka da sanyawa. Ya bi ka'idojin masana'antu, gami da RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari), kuma ya dace da hanyoyin siyar da guduro na infrared (IR), wanda ya sa ya dace da layukan ƙira na zamani, marasa gubar.

1.1 Muhimman Siffofi

• Abun da ya dace da RoHS.
• An tattara shi a cikin tef na 8mm akan reels 7\" don haɗawa ta atomatik.
• Madaidaicin ƙafar fakitin EIA.
• Bukatun tuƙi masu dacewa da matakin dabaru (masu dacewa da I.C.).
• An ƙera shi don dacewa da kayan aikin sanyawa ta atomatik.
• Yana jurewa bayanan siyar da guduro na infrared.
• An riga an shirya shi zuwa Matakin Hanzarin Danshi na JEDEC 3.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Manufa

• Kayan aikin sadarwa (misali, wayoyin mara igiya/wayoyin hannu).
• Na'urorin sarrafa ofis (misali, kwamfutocin littafin rubutu, tsarin cibiyar sadarwa).
• Kayan aikin gida da allunan nuni na cikin gida.
• Alamomin yanayin kayan aikin masana'antu.
• Fitilun sigina da alamomi na gabaɗaya.
• Hasken baya na gaban allon.

2. Girman Fakitin da Bayanan Injiniya

LED ya yi daidai da tsarin fakitin SMD na yau da kullun. Muhimman girmansa sun haɗa da girman jiki kusan 3.2mm tsawon, 1.6mm faɗi, da 1.1mm tsayi, tare da jurewar ±0.2mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Kayan aikin yana da ruwan tabarau mai watsawa, wanda ke faɗaɗa tsarin fitar da haske, kuma an keɓance tashoshin anode/cathode a fili don daidaitaccen alkiblar PCB. An ba da shirin shimfiɗar kushin PCB da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da mafi kyawun ƙirar haɗin guduro da sarrafa zafi yayin hanyoyin siyar da guduro.

3. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

3.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsayi

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna bayyana iyakokin da za a iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Dole ne a ci gaba da aiki a cikin waɗannan iyakoki koyaushe.

• Watsawar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):80 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya watsawa azaman zafi a yanayin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_FP):100 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na nan take, wanda aka yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms) don hana yin zafi sosai.
• Ci gaba da Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F):20 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC da aka ba da shawarar don aiki mai dogaro na ci gaba.
• Kewayon Yanayin Aiki:-40°C zuwa +85°C. An tabbatar da cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki a cikin wannan kewayon yanayin yanayi.
• Kewayon Yanayin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +100°C. Ana iya adana na'urar ba tare da lalacewa ba a cikin waɗannan iyakoki.

3.2 Halayen Lantarki da na Gani

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a Ta=25°C da I_F=20mA, wanda ke wakiltar yanayin aiki na yau da kullun.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):355 - 1120 mcd (millicandela). Ana auna fitar da haske ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don dacewa da amsawar gani na idon ɗan adam. Ana sarrafa faɗin kewayon ta hanyar tsarin binning.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2):Digiri 120 (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar axial mafi girma. Ruwan tabarau mai watsawa ya haifar da wannan faɗin tsarin kallo mai daidaito.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P):523 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa wanda rarraba ikon bakan ya fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):520 - 535 nm. Wannan shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane wanda ke ayyana launi (kori) na LED, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):25 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan; ƙimar 25nm siffa ce ta LED kori na tushen InGaN.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):3.3V (na yau da kullun), 3.8V (matsakaici). Faɗin ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a 20mA.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):10 μA (matsakaici) a V_R=5V. Ba a ƙera na'urar don aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin nuna bambanci ba; wannan ma'auni ne don dalilai na gwaji kawai.

4. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace, ana rarraba LED (binning) bisa mahimman ma'auni. Masu ƙira za su iya ƙayyade kwandon don dacewa da bukatunsu na daidaiton launi da haske.

4.1 Matsayi na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_f)

An yi binning a I_F=20mA. Jurewar kowace kwandon shine ±0.1V.

Misalan kwandon: D7 (2.8-3.0V), D8 (3.0-3.2V), D9 (3.2-3.4V), D10 (3.4-3.6V), D11 (3.6-3.8V).

4.2 Matsayi na Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V)

An yi binning a I_F=20mA. Jurewar kowace kwandon shine ±11%.

Misalan kwandon: T2 (355-450 mcd), U1 (450-560 mcd), U2 (560-710 mcd), V1 (710-900 mcd), V2 (900-1120 mcd).

4.3 Matsayi na Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (W_d)

An yi binning a I_F=20mA. Jurewar kowace kwandon shine ±1nm.

Misalan kwandon: AP (520-525 nm), AQ (525-530 nm), AR (530-535 nm).

5. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Lanƙwasa halaye na yau da kullun suna ba da haske game da halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Waɗannan sun haɗa da alaƙar tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F), wanda ke da ƙima kuma yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irori masu iyakance halin yanzu. Alakar tsakanin ƙarfin haske da halin yanzu na gaba gabaɗaya layi ne a cikin kewayon aiki amma yana iya cika a manyan halayen yanzu saboda tasirin zafi. Dogaron yanayin zafi na ƙarfin haske yana nuna raguwar fitarwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi, wani muhimmin abu ne don sarrafa zafi a cikin aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarfin wutar lantarki ko babban yawa. Lanƙwasa rarraba bakan ta tsakiya a kusa da tsayin raƙuman ruwa mafi girma na 523nm tare da faɗin rabin da aka ƙayyade.

6. Jagororin Haɗawa da Sarrafawa

6.1 Tsarin Siyar da Guduro

Na'urar ta dace da siyar da guduro na infrared (IR) don hanyoyin da ba su da gubar. Bayanin da aka ba da shawarar, wanda ya dace da J-STD-020B, ya haɗa da matakin riga-kafi (150-200°C, matsakaicin 120 sec), matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin sama da ruwa (TAL) na daƙiƙa 10 matsakaici. Siyar da guduro ya kamata a iyakance ga matsakaicin zagaye biyu na sake karkatarwa. Don sake yin aikin hannu, ana iya amfani da gwangwani mai siyarwa a matsakaicin 300°C na ƙasa da daƙiƙa 3, sau ɗaya kawai. Yin bin ƙayyadaddun masana'anta na manna guduro yana da mahimmanci.

6.2 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan siyar da guduro, kawai dole ne a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi na barasa kamar ethyl alcohol ko isopropyl alcohol. Ya kamata a nutsar da LED a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata fakitin epoxy.

6.3 Ajiya da Hanzarin Danshi

A matsayin na'urar Matakin Hanzarin Danshi 3 (MSL3), tana da rayuwar bene na sa'o'i 168 (mako 1) bayan an buɗe jakar kariya daga danshi, a ƙarƙashin yanayin ≤30°C/60% RH. Don ajiya fiye da wannan lokacin ko a wajen fakitin asali, ana buƙatar gasa a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin sake karkatarwa don hana fashewar gasa yayin siyar da guduro. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci daga jakar, yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da busassun abu ko yanayin nitrogen.

7. Ƙayyadaddun Fakitin da Reel

Ana samar da LED a cikin tef mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin 8mm. An nannade tef ɗin akan daidaitaccen reel mai diamita inci 7 (178mm). Kowace reel tana ƙunshe da guda 2000. Tef ɗin yana da tef ɗin rufi don rufe aljihun ɓangaren. Fakitin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da suka ɓace a jere akan reel shine biyu.

8. Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

8.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuƙi

LED na'urori ne masu tuƙi na halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske da tsawon rai, dole ne a yi amfani da tushen halin yanzu na akai-akai ko na'urar iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da tushen ƙarfin lantarki. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Amfani da V na yau da kullun_Fna 3.3V da I da ake so_Fna 20mA daga wadataccen 5V, R = (5V - 3.3V) / 0.02A = 85Ω. Daidaitaccen resistor na 82Ω ko 100Ω zai dace. Lokacin haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya, ana ba da shawarar sosai na'urorin iyakance halin yanzu na kowane LED don hana cin halin yanzu saboda bambance-bambancen yanayi a cikin V_F.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Duk da yake watsawar wutar lantarki ta yi ƙasa kaɗan (80mW), ingantaccen ƙirar zafi akan PCB har yanzu yana da mahimmanci, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma ko wuraren da aka rufe. Shirin shimfiɗar kushin PCB da aka ba da shawarar yana taimakawa wajen watsar zafi. Tabbatar da isasshen yankin tagulla a kusa da kushin zafi da yuwuwar amfani da ramukan zafi na iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye ƙaramin zafin haɗin gwiwa, adana fitar da haske da tsawon rai na na'urar.

8.3 Haɗin Gani

Kusurwar kallo mai watsawa na digiri 120 tana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi, mai laushi wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen nuni inda ake buƙatar ganin daga kusurwoyi da yawa. Don aikace-aikacen jagorar haske ko hasken baya, yanayin watsawar ruwan tabarau na iya buƙatar takamaiman ƙirar gani don cimma daidaito da ake so. Launin kori, wanda aka ayyana ta hanyar kwandon tsayin raƙuman ruwa mafi rinjaye, ya dace da alamomin yanayi (misali, kunna wutar lantarki, yanayin aiki) da hasken gabaɗaya inda ake buƙatar bambance launi.

9. Dogaro da Bayanan Aiki

Wannan samfurin an yi niyya ne don daidaitattun kayan aikin lantarki na kasuwanci da masana'antu. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar dogaro na musamman inda gazawar zai iya haifar da haɗari ga aminci (misali, jirgin sama, tallafin rayuwa na likita, sarrafa sufuri), takamaiman cancanta da tuntuɓar masana'anta sun zama dole kafin ƙira. Ba a ƙera na'urar don yin aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin nuna bambanci ba. Wuce matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin, musamman halin yanzu na gaba ko watsawar wutar lantarki, zai haɓaka lalacewa kuma zai iya haifar da gazawar bala'i.

10. Fasaha da Mahallin Kasuwa

10.1 Ƙa'idar Fasaha ta Tushe

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan kayan semiconductor na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na semiconductor, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman rabo na indium zuwa gallium a cikin gami yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap don haka tsayin raƙuman hasken da aka fitar, wanda a wannan yanayin yana cikin bakan kori (~523nm). Ruwan tabarau mai watsawa an yi shi da epoxy ko silicone tare da ɓangarorin watsawa da aka saka don faɗaɗa kusurwar katako.

10.2 Fa'idodin Kwatankwacin

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar LED kori na tushen AlGaInP, InGaN yana ba da ingantacciyar inganci da ingantaccen aiki mafi kyau. Fakitin SMD yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci akan LED na rami: ƙaramin ƙafar ƙafa, ƙananan bayani, dacewa don haɗawa ta atomatik, da ingantaccen dacewa da hanyoyin siyar da guduro masu yawa, wanda ke haifar da ƙananan farashin ƙira gabaɗaya.

10.3 Trends na Masana'antu

Kasuwar SMD LED na ci gaba da girma, wanda ƙananan ƙira, buƙatun ingancin makamashi, da yaduwar aikace-aikacen nuni da hasken baya a cikin kayan lantarki na masu amfani da na'urorin IoT ke motsa shi. Trends sun haɗa da ƙarin haɓaka ingancin haske (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace watt), matsanancin jurewar binning don daidaiton launi da haske a aikace-aikacen nuni, da haɓaka girman fakitin da ya fi ƙanƙanta. Sauyin zuwa kayan da ba su da gubar da marasa halogen da suka dace da ƙa'idodin muhalli na duniya shima aikin yau da kullun ne.