Takardar Bayani na SMD LED 17-21 Kore Tsantsa - Girman 1.6x0.8x0.6mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 1.55-2.35V - Ƙarfi 60mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur SMD LED 17-21 ƙaramin na'ura ne mai haɗawa da saman (surface-mount) wanda aka ƙera don haɗuwar lantarki mai yawa (high-density). Babban aikinsa shine fitar da hasken kore tsantsa, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikace daban-daban na nuni da hasken baya (backlighting). Babban fa'idar wannan kayan aiki yana cikin ƙaramin girman sa, wanda ke ba da damar rage girman allon da kuma girman kayan aiki sosai. Ƙirar sa mai sauƙi tana ƙara dacewarsa don na'urori masu ƙarancin sarari da na hannu. Samfurin ya cika ƙa'idodin muhalli na zamani, ba shi da gubar (Pb-free), ya bi ƙa'idodin RoHS, REACH, kuma ba shi da Halogen, yana tabbatar da amfani da shi a kasuwannin duniya masu tsauraran buƙatu na doka.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke Na'urar tana da ƙimar matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na ci gaba (IF) bai kamata ya wuce 25mA ba, yayin da matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (IFP) na 60mA ya halatta a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (duty cycle 1/10 a 1kHz). Matsakaicin ƙarfin da ake iya ɓarna (Pd) shine 60mW. Kewayon zafin aiki an ƙayyade daga -40°C zuwa +85°C, tare da kewayon zafin ajiya daga -40°C zuwa +90°C. LED ɗin zai iya jure solder na reflow a 260°C har zuwa dakika 10 ko solder da hannu a 350°C har zuwa dakika 3.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske A ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C, IF=20mA), ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana kewayo daga mafi ƙanƙanta 7.20 mcd zuwa mafi girma 22.50 mcd. Na'urar tana da faɗin kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) na digiri 140, yana ba da haske mai faɗi. Tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai kololuwa (λp) shine 561 nm, tare da kewayon tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye (λd) tsakanin 557.50 nm da 567.50 nm, wanda ke ayyana launin kore tsantsa. Faɗin band na bakan (Δλ) yawanci 20 nm ne. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (VF) yana kewayo daga 1.55V zuwa 2.35V a lokacin gwajin. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (IR) shine matsakaicin 10 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya na 5V, ko da yake ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin baya ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning) An rarraba samfurin zuwa rukunoni (bins) don mahimman ma'auni don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin ƙirar aikace-aikace.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Haske (Luminous Intensity Binning) An rarraba ƙarfin haske zuwa lambobin rukunoni guda huɗu: K0 (7.20-11.50 mcd), L1 (11.50-14.50 mcd), L2 (14.50-18.00 mcd), da M1 (18.00-22.50 mcd). Ana amfani da juzu'i na ±11%.

3.2 Rarraba Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (Dominant Wavelength Binning) An rarraba tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye zuwa lambobin rukunoni biyar: C10 (557.50-559.50 nm), C11 (559.50-561.50 nm), C12 (561.50-563.50 nm), C13 (563.50-565.50 nm), da C14 (565.50-567.50 nm). Ana amfani da juzu'i na ±1nm.

3.3 Rarraba Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Forward Voltage Binning) An rarraba ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba zuwa lambobin rukunoni uku: 0 (1.75-1.95 V), 1 (1.95-2.15 V), da 2 (2.15-2.35 V). Ana amfani da juzu'i na ±0.1V.

4. Binciken Lanƙwan Ayyuka (Performance Curve Analysis) Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwan ayyuka a cikin takardar bayani, ana iya fahimtar yanayin ayyuka na yau da kullun daga ma'auni. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba zai nuna alaƙar logarithmic tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba. Ƙarfin haske yana daidai da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a cikin ƙayyadaddun iyakoki amma zai ragu tare da ƙara zafin haɗin gwiwa (junction temperature). Tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye na iya samun ɗan canji (yawanci zuwa tsayin raƙuman ruwa mafi tsayi) yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi. Fahimtar waɗannan alaƙoqi yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irori masu tsayayye da inganci.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin SMD LED 17-21 yana da ƙaramin kunshi tare da girman kusan 1.6mm a tsayi, 0.8mm a faɗi, da 0.6mm a tsayi (juzu'i ±0.1mm). Kunshin ya haɗa da alamar cathode mai tsabta don gano polarity daidai yayin haɗawa. Cikakken zanen girman yana ba da ma'auni daidai don ƙirar shimfidar pad don tabbatar da solder da sarrafa zafi daidai.

5.2 Gano Polarity Alama ta musamman a jikin kunshin tana nuna tashar cathode. Daidaitaccen alkibla yana da mahimmanci don aikin da'ira da kuma hana lalacewa daga ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Reflow Solder Don solder mara gubar (Pb-free), dole ne a bi takamaiman bayanin yanayin zafi: dumama kafin a yi aiki tsakanin 150-200°C na dakika 60-120, lokacin sama da 217°C na dakika 60-150, matsakaicin zafi a 260°C matsakaici na dakika 10 matsakaici, tare da sarrafa ƙimar dumama da sanyaya (6°C/sec matsakaicin dumama sama da 255°C, 3°C/sec matsakaicin sanyaya). Kada a yi solder na reflow fiye da sau biyu.

6.2 Solder da Hannu Idan solder da hannu ya zama dole, dole ne zafin ƙarshen guntun ƙarfe ya kasance ƙasa da 350°C, ana amfani da shi ba fiye da dakika 3 a kowace tasha ba. Yi amfani da guntun ƙarfe mai ƙarfin 25W ko ƙasa da haka. Bari tazarar aƙalla dakika 2 tsakanin solder kowace tasha don hana lalacewar zafi.

6.3 Ajiya da Gudanarwa LEDs ɗin an kunna su a cikin jakunkuna masu hana danshi tare da desiccant. Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya kayan aikin don amfani. Bayan buɗewa, LEDs ɗin da ba a yi amfani da su ba yakamata a ajiye su a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH kuma a yi amfani da su cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7). Idan wannan taga ya wuce ko alamar desiccant ta canza launi, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60±5°C na awanni 24 kafin amfani.

6.4 Abubuwan da ya kamata a kula Resistor mai iyakancewa na waje ya zama dole don aiki, saboda halayen I-V na LED na exponential yana sa ya zama mai hankali sosai ga bambance-bambancen ƙarfin wutar lantarki, wanda zai iya haifar da wuce gona da iri da gazawa. Guji amfani da matsin injiniya akan LED yayin dumama ko lanƙwasa PCB bayan solder. Ba a ba da shawarar gyara bayan solder ba, amma idan ba za a iya kaucewa ba, yakamata a yi amfani da guntun ƙarfe na solder na musamman mai kai biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda, yana rage matsin zafi.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda Ana samar da LEDs ɗin akan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin 8mm, wanda aka nannade akan reels masu diamita inci 7. Kowace reel tana ɗauke da guda 3000. Kunshin ya haɗa da jakunkunan aluminum masu hana danshi tare da desiccant da lakabi. Lakabin ya ƙunshi mahimman bayanai: Lambar Samfurin Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Samfur (P/N), Adadin Kunshi (QTY), Matsayin Ƙarfin Haske (CAT), Matsayin Launi/Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa Mai Rinjaye (HUE), Matsayin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (REF), da Lambar Lot (LOT No).

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun Wannan LED ya dace sosai don aikace-aikacen hasken baya a cikin dashbodin motoci da maɓalli. A cikin sadarwa, yana aiki azaman alamomin yanayi da hasken baya na maɓalli a cikin wayoyi da na'urorin faks. Hakanan yana dacewa don hasken baya na LCDs, maɓalli, da alamomi, da kuma amfani da alamomi na gabaɗaya.

8.2 Abubuwan da ya kamata a yi la'akari da su a ƙira Dole ne masu ƙira su haɗa da resistor mai dacewa mai iyakancewa a cikin jerin tare da LED. Yakamata a ƙididdige ƙimar resistor bisa ga ƙarfin wutar lantarki, rukunin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED (amfani da matsakaicin ƙima don aminci), da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na aiki da ake so (≤20mA don aiki na ci gaba). Yi la'akari da rukunin ƙarfin haske yayin ƙira don matakan haske da ake buƙata. Tabbatar cewa shimfidar pad na PCB ta dace da girman kunshin don hana tombstoning ko ƙananan haɗin solder.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance Babban bambance-bambancen LED 17-21 shine ƙaramin siffar sa (1.6x0.8mm) idan aka kwatanta da LEDs na gargajiya masu jagora, yana ba da damar yawan tattarawa mafi girma. Amfani da kayan guntu AIGaInP yana ba da fitar da kore tsantsa mai inganci. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 140 yana ba da haske mafi daidaito idan aka kwatanta da na'urori masu ƙunƙuntacciyar kusurwa. Cikakken bin ƙa'idodin mara gubar, RoHS, REACH, da Marasa Halogen ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai dorewa don masana'antar lantarki ta duniya.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Menene manufar lambobin rarraba (binning codes)?

A: Rarraba yana tabbatar da daidaiton lantarki da na gani a cikin guntu. Masu ƙira za su iya zaɓar takamaiman rukunoni (misali, don haske ko ƙarfin wutar lantarki) don cimma daidaiton aiki a cikin samfuran ƙarshe, musamman lokacin da ake amfani da LEDs da yawa a cikin jeri.

Q: Me ya sa resistor mai iyakancewa ya zama dole?

A: LEDs diodes ne masu lanƙwan I-V mara layi. Ƙananan ƙarar ƙarfin wutar lantarki fiye da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na iya haifar da babban ƙaruwa, mai yuwuwar lalacewa a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Resistor na jerin yana ba da hanyar layi, mai iya hasashe don saita ƙarfin wutar lantarki na aiki.

Q: Zan iya amfani da wannan LED don hasken waje na mota?

A: A'a. Takardar bayani ta haɗa da ƙuntatawa na aikace-aikace wanda ke nuna cewa wannan samfurin ba a nufin aikace-aikacen dogaro mai girma kamar tsarin aminci/tsaro na mota, soja/jirgin sama, ko kayan aikin likita ba tare da tuntuɓar farko da cancanta ba.

Q: Sau nawa zan iya sake yin reflow solder wannan kayan aiki?

A: Matsakaicin shawarar shine zagayowar reflow guda biyu. Kowace zagaye tana sanya kayan aikin cikin matsin zafi, wanda zai iya lalata kayan ciki da ingancin haɗin solder bayan lokaci.

11. Misalin Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki Yi la'akari da ƙirar allon nuni na ƙaramin ƙarfi don na'urar mabukaci. Ta amfani da LED 17-21 a cikin rukunin M1 (mafi girman haske) da rukunin C12 (takamaiman launin kore), mai ƙira zai iya ƙirƙirar nuni mai daidaito, mai haske. Ta hanyar ƙididdigar resistor na jerin don samar da wutar lantarki 3.3V (R = (3.3V - 2.35V) / 0.02A ≈ 47.5Ω, amfani da 47Ω), suna tabbatar da aiki mai tsayayye a ~20mA. LEDs ɗin za a sanya su akan tef da reel don haɗawa ta atomatik ta hanyar zaɓi da sanyawa, bin ƙayyadaddun bayanin reflow. Allon ƙarshe yana amfana da ƙaramin girman LED, yana ba da damar ƙira mai kyau, kuma faɗin kusurwar kallonsa yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin alama daga wurare daban-daban.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki Wannan LED yana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n na semiconductor. Kayan guntu shine Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AIGaInP). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce yuwuwar ginin haɗin gwiwa, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka a kan haɗin gwiwa. Haɗuwarsu yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman makamashin bandgap na gami na AIGaInP yana ƙayyade tsayin raƙuman ruwan da aka fitar, a wannan yanayin, kore tsantsa (~561 nm). Resin mai tsabta da ke rufe guntu yana kare guntu kuma yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau, yana siffanta fitar da haske don cimma ƙayyadaddun kusurwar kallo na digiri 140.

13. Trends da Ci gaban Fasaha Trend a cikin SMD LEDs kamar 17-21 yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci (lumens mafi yawa a kowace watt), ƙananan girman kunshin don ƙara yawa, da ingantacciyar daidaiton launi da kwanciyar hankali akan zafin jiki da tsawon rayuwa. Hakanan akwai ƙaƙƙarfan ƙoƙari don faɗaɗa amfani da kayan aikin muhalli da hanyoyin masana'antu, kamar yadda wannan samfurin ya nuna ta hanyar bin ƙa'idodin kore da yawa. Haɗawa tare da direbobi masu hankali da sarrafawa don aikace-aikacen haske mai hankali wani yanki ne na girma, ko da yake a matakin ɓangaren, abin da ke cikin hankali shine samar da ingantattun hanyoyin haske masu dogaro, masu inganci don ƙananan na'urorin lantarki masu ƙarancin ƙarfi.

.1 Typical Application Scenarios

This LED is well-suited for backlighting applications in automotive dashboards and switches. In telecommunications, it serves as status indicators and keypad backlights in phones and fax machines. It is also applicable for flat backlighting of LCDs, switches, and symbols, as well as general-purpose indicator use.

.2 Design Considerations

Designers must incorporate a suitable current-limiting resistor in series with the LED. The resistor value should be calculated based on the supply voltage, the forward voltage bin of the LED (using the maximum value for safety), and the desired operating current (≤20mA for continuous operation). Consider the luminous intensity bin when designing for required brightness levels. Ensure the PCB pad layout matches the package dimensions to prevent tombstoning or poor solder joints.

. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

The primary differentiation of the 17-21 LED is its extremely small form factor (1.6x0.8mm) compared to traditional leaded LEDs, enabling higher packing density. The use of an AIGaInP chip material provides efficient pure green emission. The wide 140-degree viewing angle offers more uniform illumination compared to narrower-angle devices. Its full compliance with Pb-free, RoHS, REACH, and Halogen-Free standards makes it a future-proof choice for global electronics manufacturing.

. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: What is the purpose of the binning codes?

A: Binning ensures electrical and optical consistency within a batch. Designers can select specific bins (e.g., for brightness or voltage) to achieve uniform performance in their end products, especially when multiple LEDs are used in an array.

Q: Why is a current-limiting resistor mandatory?

A: LEDs are diodes with a non-linear I-V curve. A small increase in voltage beyond the forward voltage can cause a large, potentially destructive increase in current. A series resistor provides a linear, predictable method to set the operating current.

Q: Can I use this LED for automotive exterior lighting?

A: No. The datasheet includes an application restriction stating that this product is not intended for high-reliability applications like automotive safety/security systems, military/aerospace, or medical equipment without prior consultation and qualification.

Q: How many times can I reflow solder this component?

A: The maximum recommended is two reflow cycles. Each cycle subjects the component to thermal stress, which can degrade internal materials and solder joint integrity over time.

. Practical Design and Usage Case

Consider designing a low-power status indicator panel for a consumer device. Using the 17-21 LED in bin M1 (highest brightness) and bin C12 (specific green hue), a designer can create a uniform, bright display. By calculating the series resistor for a 3.3V supply (R = (3.3V - 2.35V) / 0.02A ≈ 47.5Ω, use 47Ω), they ensure stable operation at ~20mA. The LEDs would be placed on tape and reel for automated pick-and-place assembly, following the specified reflow profile. The final panel benefits from the LED's small size, allowing for a sleek design, and its wide viewing angle ensures the indicator is visible from various positions.

. Operating Principle Introduction

This LED operates on the principle of electroluminescence in a semiconductor p-n junction. The chip material is Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AIGaInP). When a forward voltage exceeding the junction's built-in potential is applied, electrons and holes are injected across the junction. Their recombination releases energy in the form of photons (light). The specific bandgap energy of the AIGaInP alloy determines the wavelength of the emitted light, in this case, pure green (~561 nm). The clear resin encapsulant protects the chip and acts as a lens, shaping the light output to achieve the specified 140-degree viewing angle.

. Technology Trends and Developments

The trend in SMD LEDs like the 17-21 continues towards higher efficiency (more lumens per watt), smaller package sizes for increased density, and improved color consistency and stability over temperature and lifetime. There is also a strong drive for broader adoption of environmentally friendly materials and manufacturing processes, as evidenced by this product's compliance with multiple green standards. Integration with intelligent drivers and controls for smart lighting applications is another growing area, though at the component level, the focus remains on providing reliable, high-performance light sources for increasingly miniaturized and power-sensitive electronic devices.