Bayanin Fasaha na LED na SMD LTST-E142TGKEKT - Kunshin 2.0x1.25x0.8mm - Karfin Wutar Lantarki 2.8-3.8V/1.7-2.5V - Wutar 76mW/75mW - Kori/Jan - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na ɓangaren LED na haɗawa da ƙasa wanda aka tsara don haɗa allon da'ira da aka buga ta atomatik. Na'urar ta dace musamman ga aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin kewayon kayan aikin lantarki. Girman sa na ƙanƙanta da dacewa da hanyoyin masana'antu na zamani sun sa ya zama zaɓi mai fa'ida don ayyukan nuni da hasken baya.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan ɓangaren sun haɗa da bin umarnin RoHS, kunshin a cikin kaset ɗin masana'antu na 8mm akan reels inci 7 don sanya atomatik, da cikakkiyar dacewa da hanyoyin solder na IR reflow. An riga an shirya shi zuwa ma'auni na JEDEC Level 3 na hankali na danshi, yana tabbatar da amincin yayin haɗawa.

Aikace-aikacen da ake nufi sun bambanta, suna rufe sadarwa, sarrafa ofis, kayan aikin gida, da kayan aikin masana'antu. Amfanin takamaiman sun haɗa da alamomin matsayi, fitilun sigina da alamomi, da hasken baya na gaban allon, inda ake buƙatar haske mai aminci, ƙanƙanta.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani Mai Ma'ana

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani game da halayen lantarki, na gani, da na zafi na na'urar. Duk ma'auni an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan yanayi ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):76 mW (Kori), 75 mW (Jan). Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar lantarki da LED zai iya watsawa akai-akai.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F(PEAK)):80 mA ga duka launuka. Wannan yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms).
• Halin Yanzu na DC (I_F):20 mA (Kori), 30 mA (Jan). Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na ci gaba da aiki da aka ba da shawarar don aiki mai aminci.
• Kewayon Zafin Jiki:Kewayon zafin aiki da ajiya shine -40°C zuwa +100°C.

2.2 Halayen Zafi

Fahimtar aikin zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aminci da tsawon rai.

• Matsakaicin Zafin Junction (T_j):115°C ga duka launuka. Junction na semiconductor bai kamata ya wuce wannan zafin ba.
• Juri na Zafi, Junction-zuwa-Muhalli (R_θJA):Ƙimar al'ada sune 145 °C/W (Kori) da 155 °C/W (Jan). Wannan ma'auni yana nuna yadda ake canja wurin zafi daga junction LED zuwa iskar da ke kewaye. Ƙimar ƙasa tana nuna mafi kyawun watsawar zafi.

2.3 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan sune ma'auni na ayyuka na al'ada a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (I_F= 20mA).

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):Kori: 710-1540 mcd (matsakaici-matsakaici). Jan: 140-420 mcd (matsakaici-matsakaici). An auna shi tare da tacewa wanda ya kusanci amsawar ido na CIE photopic.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Yawanci digiri 120 ga LED Kori. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin hasken ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar axial.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya (λ_P):Al'ada 523 nm (Kori), 630 nm (Jan).
• Tsawon Tsinkaya Mai Rinjaye (λ_d):Kori: 515-530 nm. Jan: 619-629 nm. Wannan yana ayyana launin da ake gani tare da jurewar ±1 nm.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Al'ada 25 nm (Kori), 15 nm (Jan). Yana nuna tsaftar bakan hasken da aka fitar.
• Karfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Kori: 2.8-3.8 V. Jan: 1.7-2.5 V. Jurewa shine ±0.1V. Wannan shine faɗuwar wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin da ake tuka shi a 20mA.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 µA a V_R= 5V. Ba a tsara na'urar don aikin baya ba; wannan ma'auni shine don gwajin infrared kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Ana rarraba na'urori zuwa kwandon shara dangane da mahimman ma'auni na gani don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin rukunin samarwa.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V)

Ana rarraba LED ta hanyar ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a 20mA.

Kwandon LED Kori:

• V1: 710 - 910 mcd
• V2: 910 - 1185 mcd
• W1: 1185 - 1540 mcd

Jurewa a cikin kowane kwandon shine ±11%.

Kwandon LED Jan:

• R2: 140 - 185 mcd
• S1: 185 - 240 mcd
• S2: 240 - 315 mcd
• T1: 315 - 420 mcd

Jurewa a cikin kowane kwandon shine ±11%.

3.2 Rarrabawar Tsawon Tsinkaya Mai Rinjaye (λ_d)

Ga LED Kori, ana rarraba na'urori ta hanyar tsawon tsinkaya mai rinjaye don sarrafa daidaiton launi.

Kwandon Tsawon Tsinkaya na LED Kori:

• AP: 515 - 520 nm
• AQ: 520 - 525 nm
• AR: 525 - 530 nm

Jurewa ga kowane kwandon tsawon tsinkaya shine ±1 nm.

4. Bincike na Lankwasa Ayyuka

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lankwasan hoto a cikin takardar bayanai (misali, Hoto na 1 don rarraba bakan, Hoto na 5 don kusurwar dubawa), fassararsu ta al'ada tana da mahimmanci ga zane.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Karfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Lankwasa I-V)

Dangantakar tana da ƙarfi. Ga LED Kori, V_Fyawanci yana kewayo daga ~2.8V zuwa 3.8V a 20mA. Ga LED Jan, V_Fya fi ƙasa, yana kewayo daga ~1.7V zuwa 2.5V a 20mA. Masu zane dole ne su yi amfani da madaidaitan resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu ko direbobi dangane da karfin wutar lantarki da takamaiman V_Fna kwandon LED da aka yi amfani da shi.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba

Ƙarfin hasken gabaɗaya yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu na gaba amma ba a layi daya ba. Yin aiki sama da halin yanzu na DC da aka ba da shawarar (20mA/30mA) na iya haifar da saurin raguwar lumen, canjin launi, da rage tsawon rai saboda yawan zafi da yawan halin yanzu.

4.3 Halayen Yanayin Zafi

Ayyukan LED yana dogara da zafin jiki. Yawanci, karfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F) yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin junction. Mafi mahimmanci, ƙarfin hasken yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi. Gudanar da zafi mai inganci (ta hanyar shimfidar PCB, yankin tagulla, da sauransu) yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye ingantaccen fitar da haske da tsawon rai, musamman lokacin aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙima.

5. Bayanan Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen tsarin kunshin EIA. Muhimman girma (a cikin millimeters, jurewa ±0.2mm sai dai idan an lura) suna ayyana sawun sa: tsayi, faɗi, da tsayi. Takamaiman sanya fil ɗin shine: Fil 2 da 3 suna da alaƙa da guntu LED Kori (InGaN), kuma Fil 1 da 4 suna da alaƙa da guntu LED Jan (AlInGaP). Ruwan tabarau yana da haske.

5.2 Tsarin Faifan PCB da Aka Shawarta

An ba da ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Bin wannan sawun da aka ba da shawarar yana sauƙaƙe samuwar haɗin gwiwa mai kyau yayin reflow, yana hana kabari, kuma yana taimakawa wajen watsar zafi daga kunshin LED zuwa PCB.

5.3 Gano Polarity

Daidaitaccen alkibla yana da mahimmanci. Takardar bayanai ta ƙayyade sanya fil ɗin (Kori: fil 2,3; Jan: fil 1,4). Siliki na PCB da sawun ƙafa yakamata su nuna sarai wurin cathode/anode ko fil ɗin 1 don hana kurakurai na haɗawa.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Ma'auni na Solder na IR Reflow

Bangaren ya dace da hanyoyin IR reflow marasa gubar (Pb-free). An ambaci shawarar bayanin martaba mai bin J-STD-020B. Muhimman ma'auni sun haɗa da:

• Pre-heat:150-200°C matsakaici.
• Lokaci sama da ruwa:Dakika 120 matsakaici.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki:260°C matsakaici.
• Lokaci a kololuwa:Dakika 10 matsakaici (matsakaicin zagaye biyu na reflow).

Dole ne a siffanta bayanan martaba don takamaiman haɗin PCB.

6.2 Solder da Hannu (Gishirin Solder)

Idan solder da hannu ya zama dole, ana buƙatar kulawa mai tsanani:

• Zafin Ƙarfe:300°C matsakaici.
• Lokacin Solder:Dakika 3 matsakaici ga kowane haɗin gwiwa.
• Iyaka:Zagaye ɗaya na solder kawai don hana lalacewar zafi.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Hankali na danshi wani muhimmin abu ne (JEDEC Level 3).

• Jakarda Mai Rufe:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% RH. Yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda bayan ranar rufe jakar.
• Bayan Budewar Jakar:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Ana ba da shawarar kammala IR reflow cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7).
• Ajiya Mai Tsayi (Bude):Ajiye a cikin akwati mai rufewa tare da bushewa ko a cikin desiccator na nitrogen.
• Rebaking:Idan an fallasa sama da sa'o'i 168, yi baking a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin solder.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan haɗawa, yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi kawai. Ku nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko barasa na isopropyl a yanayin zafi na al'ada na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Kada ku yi amfani da sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba.

7. Bayanan Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kaset da Reel

Ana samar da ɓangaren a cikin kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar hoto don injunan ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik.

• Faɗin Kaset:8 mm.
• Diamita na Reel:Inci 7 (178 mm).
• Adadin kowane Reel:Guda 4000.
• Matsakaicin Adadin Oda (MOQ):Guda 500 don sauran adadi.
• Daidaitaccen Kunshin:Yana bin ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Ana rufe ramukan da ba kowa a ciki tare da kaset ɗin murfi.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

LED yana buƙatar tsarin iyakance halin yanzu. Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce resistor na jerin. Ƙimar resistor (R_s) ana ƙididdige shi kamar haka: R_s= (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga takardar bayanai don ƙirar mai ra'ayin mazan jiya don tabbatar da I_Fbai wuce iyaka ba ko da tare da jurewar ɓangaren. Ga na'urar mai launi biyu, sarrafa halin yanzu mai zaman kansa ga kowane tashar launi yana da mahimmanci don aikin launi gauraye ko canzawa.

8.2 Abubuwan Ɗauka da Kula da Zane

• Tukin Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe ku tuka tare da halin yanzu na akai ko yi amfani da resistor na jerin. Kada ku haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tushen wutar lantarki.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Ƙara yankin tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa faifan LED akan PCB don yin aiki azaman mai sanyaya zafi, musamman ga kwandon mai haske ko ci gaba da aiki.
• Kariya ta ESD:Ko da yake ba a bayyana a fili a matsayin mai hankali ba, sarrafawa tare da kula da ESD kyakkyawan aiki ne ga duk na'urorin semiconductor.
• Karfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya:Ba a tsara na'urar don aikin bias na baya ba. Tabbatar da daidaitaccen polarity a cikin kewaye.
• Iyakar Aikace-aikace:Bangaren an yi niyya ne don daidaitattun kayan aikin lantarki. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar aminci na musamman (misali, jirgin sama, likita, tsarin aminci), takamaiman cancanta da shawarwari suna da mahimmanci.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Wannan LED na SMD mai launi biyu yana ba da mafita mai ƙanƙanta, kunshin guda ɗaya don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar launuka biyu na nuni (Kori da Jan), yana adana sararin PCB idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda biyu masu launi ɗaya. Amfani da InGaN don kori da AlInGaP don jan yana ba da ingantattun launuka masu cikakken launi. Dacewarsa tare da girma mai yawa, haɗin IR reflow ta atomatik ya bambanta shi da LED waɗanda ke buƙatar solder da hannu ko igiyar ruwa. Cikakken tsarin rarrabawa yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar matakan daidaito waɗanda suka dace da burinsu na farashi da aiki.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Shin Zan iya tuka LED na Kori da Jan a lokaci guda a cikakken halin yanzunsu?

A'a, ba daga fil ɗin guda ba. Guntun Kori da Jan sun rabu ta hanyar lantarki, an haɗa su zuwa nau'ikan fil ɗin daban-daban (2,3 don Kori; 1,4 don Jan). Dole ne a tuka su ta hanyar tushen halin yanzu masu zaman kansu ko tare da resistors na jerin daban-daban. Ba za a wuce jimlar watsawar wutar lantarki don kunshin ba, wanda zai buƙaci la'akari da haɗakar zafi daga duka guntayen idan an yi aiki tare.

10.2 Me yasa karfin wutar lantarki na gaba ya bambanta ga Kori da Jan?

Karfin wutar lantarki na gaba wani muhimmin abu ne na bandgap na kayan semiconductor. Hasken kori daga InGaN yana da mafi girman makamashin photon (gajeren tsinkaya) fiye da jan haske daga AlInGaP, wanda ke da alaƙa da babban bandgap na semiconductor. Babban bandgap yawanci yana haifar da mafi girman karfin wutar lantarki na gaba, yana bayyana mafi girman V na LED Kori_Fkewayon (2.8-3.8V) idan aka kwatanta da LED Jan (1.7-2.5V).

10.3 Me ake nufi da "Preconditioning zuwa JEDEC Level 3"?

Yana nufin an rarraba ɓangaren a matsayin Matakin Hankali na Danshi (MSL) 3 bisa ga ma'auni na JEDEC. Wannan yana nuna cewa na'urar za a iya fallasa ta zuwa yanayin bene na masana'anta (≤30°C/60% RH) har zuwa sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) bayan an buɗe jakar kariya ta danshi ba tare da buƙatar baking kafin solder reflow ba. Wuce wannan tsawon rai yana buƙatar hanyar baking da aka zayyana a sashin ajiya.

10.4 Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin rukunin ƙarfin hasken (V1, W1, R2, T1, da sauransu)?

Waɗannan alamomi ne na sabani da aka sanya wa takamaiman kewayon fitar da hasken da aka auna. Misali, LED Kori daga kwandon "W1" zai sami ƙarfi tsakanin 1185 da 1540 mcd lokacin da ake tuka shi a 20mA. Yin odar takamaiman lambar kwandon yana tabbatar da cewa kuna karɓar LED tare da haske a cikin wannan ƙayyadadden kewayon, yana haɓaka daidaito a cikin bayyanar samfurin ku.

11. Misalin Zane da Amfani na Aiki

Labari: Alamar Matsayi Biyu don Router na Cibiyar Sadarwa
Mai zane yana buƙatar ɓangare guda ɗaya don nuna "Wutar Lantarki/Ayyuka" (Kori) da "Kuskure/Faɗakarwa" (Jan) akan allon gaban router. Yin amfani da LTST-E142TGKEKT yana adana sarari. Fil ɗin GPIO na microcontroller yana tuka kowane launi ta hanyar resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu daban-daban. LED Kori (wanda aka tuka daga fil ɗin 2, tare da fil ɗin 3 zuwa ƙasa) yana nuna aiki na al'ada tare da haske mai tsayi ko ƙyalli. LED Jan (wanda aka tuka daga fil ɗin 1, tare da fil ɗin 4 zuwa ƙasa) yana haskakawa bayan kuskuren tsarin. Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 yana tabbatar da ganuwa daga kewayon fadi. Mai zane ya zaɓi kwandon matsakaicin matsakaici (misali, V2 don Kori, S1 don Jan) don isasshen haske ba tare da yawan amfani da wutar lantarki ba. Shimfidar PCB tana bin ƙirar faifan da aka ba da shawarar kuma ta haɗa da taimakon zafi mai karimci wanda aka haɗa zuwa jirgin ƙasa.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes Masu Fitowa Hasken (LED) na'urori ne na semiconductor waɗanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da karfin wutar lantarki na gaba a kan junction p-n, electrons daga kayan n-type suna sake haɗuwa da ramuka daga kayan p-type a cikin yanki mai aiki. Wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsinkaya (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su. A cikin wannan ɓangaren, Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) ana amfani dashi don mai fitar da kori, kuma Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) ana amfani dashi don mai fitar da jan, kowanne an zaɓe shi don ingancinsu da halayen launi a cikin yankunan bakan su.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Filin SMD LED yana ci gaba da haɓaka zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), ingantaccen launi, da ƙarin ƙanƙanta. Akwai yanayin haɗa guntu launuka da yawa (RGB, RGBW) cikin kunshin guda ɗaya don aikace-aikacen farin tunani ko cikakken launi. Bugu da ƙari, ci gaba a cikin kayan kunshin da dabarun sarrafa zafi suna tura iyakokin yawan wutar lantarki da aminci, suna ba da damar amfani da SMD LED a cikin aikace-aikace masu ƙarfi, gami da hasken mota da alamomin masana'antu na musamman. Tuƙin dorewa kuma yana jaddada kayan aiki da hanyoyin da ke da ƙarancin tasirin muhalli.