Takardar Bayani na Fasaha na SMD LED LTST-C950TGKT - InGaN Kore mai Haske sosai - 20mA - 76mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun bayanai na fasaha don LED mai inganci, mai hawa a saman, wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani. Na'urar tana amfani da guntu na InGaN mai ci gaba don samar da fitowar haske kore mai kyau. Girman sa na karami da kuma daidaitaccen kunshin sun sa ya zama mai kyau don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik da kuma ƙirar da ke da ƙarancin sarari.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da ƙarfin haske na musamman, bin ka'idojin muhalli, da kuma ingantaccen gini wanda ya dace da samarwa mai yawa. An ƙera shi don biyan buƙatun kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik da kuma jurewa daidaitattun hanyoyin gyarar infrared (IR) reflow, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don haɗa PCB cikin inganci.

Kasuwar da ake nufi ta ƙunshi nau'ikan na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani da na masana'antu. Manyan wuraren aikace-aikace sun haɗa da na'urorin sadarwa kamar wayoyin hannu da maras igiya, kayan kwamfuta masu ɗauka kamar kwamfutocin tebur, tsarin abubuwan cibiyar sadarwa, kayan amfani na gida daban-daban, da aikace-aikacen alamar cikin gida ko nuni. Amintaccen sa da haske suma sun sa ya dace don nuna matsayi, hasken baya na maɓalli ko madannai, da haɗawa cikin ƙananan nuni.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani na Haƙiƙa

Wannan sashe yana cikakken bayyana iyakoki da halayen aiki na LED. Duk ma'auni an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni yana bayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda bayan su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da shawarar ci gaba da aiki a ko kusa da waɗannan iyakokin. Ma'auni kamar haka ne:

• Watsawar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):76 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya watsawa a matsayin zafi.
• Matsakaicin Igya ta Gaba (I_FP):100 mA. Wannan igiyar ta halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da zagayowar aiki 1/10 da kuma faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms.
• Ci gaba da Igya ta Gaba (I_F):20 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin igiyar da aka ba da shawarar don aikin DC.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-20°C zuwa +80°C. An tabbatar da cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin muhalli.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-30°C zuwa +100°C.
• Yanayin Gyarar Infrared:Yana jure zafin kololuwar 260°C na dakika 10, wanda shine ma'auni don hanyoyin haɗawa marasa gubar (lead-free).

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da na Gani

Teburin da ke gaba yana jera ma'auni na aiki na yau da kullun da aka tabbatar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na al'ada (I_F= 20mA, Ta=25°C).

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_V):Ya kewayo daga mafi ƙarancin 1120 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 7100 mcd, tare da ƙimomin yau da kullun suna faɗuwa a cikin wannan faffadan kewayon. Ana auna ƙarfin ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don dacewa da lanƙwaran amsawar ido na CIE photopic.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 25. Wannan shine cikakkiyar kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ke faɗuwa zuwa rabin ƙimarsa da aka auna akan axis na tsakiya. Yana nuna tsarin haske mai mai da hankali.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Watsawa (λ_P):530 nm. Wannan shine tsawon zango inda fitarwar bakan ta fi ƙarfi.
• Mafi Rinjaye Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):520 nm zuwa 535 nm. Wannan ma'auni, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE, yana bayyana launin hasken da ake gani kuma ya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi fiye da tsayin kololuwar.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):35 nm. Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko faɗin bandejin hasken da aka fitar.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):2.8 V zuwa 3.8 V a 20mA. Faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin aiki.
• Igya ta Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 μA a Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R) na 5V. Ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin karkatar da baya ba; wannan gwajin don tabbatar da inganci ne kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabe Kwandon

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwanduna na aiki bisa manyan ma'auni. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatun kewaye.

3.1 Matsayin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F)

Ana rarraba LED ta hanyar faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a 20mA. Lambobin kwandon (D7 zuwa D11) suna wakiltar ƙaruwar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki daga 2.8V-3.0V har zuwa 3.6V-3.8V, tare da jurewar ±0.1V a kowane kwandon. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar kewayen iyakance igiya da kuma tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri na layi daya.

3.2 Matsayin Ƙarfin Haske (I_V)

Wannan shine babban rarrabe haske. Lambobin W, X, Y, da Z suna wakiltar ƙaruwar mafi ƙarancin/matsakaicin kewayon ƙarfi daga 1120-1800 mcd har zuwa 4500-7100 mcd, tare da jurewar ±15% a kowane kwandon. Zaɓin ya dogara da matakin haske da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacen.

3.3 Matsayin Launi (Mafi Rinjaye Tsawon Tsawon)

Ana rarraba LED ta launi ta amfani da tsayin zango mafi rinjaye. Lambobin AP (520-525 nm), AQ (525-530 nm), da AR (530-535 nm) suna ba da damar zaɓi don takamaiman buƙatun launin kore, tare da ƙaramin jurewar ±1 nm a kowane kwandon. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a aikace-aikacen da ake amfani da LED da yawa a gefe da gefe.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwaran Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman bayanan hoto a cikin takardar bayani, alaƙar yau da kullun tsakanin manyan ma'auni an bayyana su a ƙasa.

4.1 Igya ta Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwaran I-V)

LED yana nuna halayen I-V mara layi na yau da kullun na diodes. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) yana ƙaruwa tare da igiya amma ya kasance a cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon kwandon a ƙimar igiyar tuƙi na 20mA. Yin aiki sama da matsakaicin igiyar cikakken zai sa V_Fya tashi da ƙarfi kuma ya haifar da zafi mai yawa.

4.2 Ƙarfin Haske da Igya ta Gaba

Fitowar haske (ƙarfin haske) yana da kusan daidai da igiyar gaba a cikin kewayon aikinta na al'ada. Duk da haka, inganci na iya raguwa a igiyoyi masu yawa saboda ƙaruwar tasirin zafi. Tuƙi LED a ƙimar sa na 20mA yana tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da tsawon rai.

4.3 Halayen Zafin Jiki

Kamar duk semiconductors, aikin LED yana dogara da zafin jiki. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) yawanci yana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau, ma'ana yana raguwa kaɗan yayin da zafin haɗin ya tashi. Mafi mahimmanci, ƙarfin haske yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru. Gudanar da zafi mai kyau a cikin aikace-aikacen yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye daidaiton haske da amincin na'urar a cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon zafin aiki.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Kunshi da Gano Polarity

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen tsarin kunshin SMD na masana'antu. Manyan girma sun haɗa da girman jiki, tazarar jagora, da tsayin gaba ɗaya. Ana gano cathode ta hanyar alamar gani akan kunshin, kamar tsaga, ɗigo, ko launin kore akan yankin ruwan tabarau da ya dace. Daidaitaccen jagorar polarity yayin haɗawa wajibi ne don aiki mai kyau.

5.2 Tsarin Ƙasa na PCB da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da shawarar shimfidar kushin kewaye na bugu (PCB) don tabbatar da ingantaccen gyarawa da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Wannan tsarin yana lissafin sawun kayan kuma yana sauƙaƙe samuwar fillet na solder mai kyau yayin reflow. Bin wannan shawarar yana taimakawa hana kabari (kayan aiki suna tsaye a ƙarshen ɗaya) kuma yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen daidaito.

6. Jagororin Gyarawa da Haɗawa

6.1 Ma'auni na Gyarar IR Reflow

Na'urar ta dace da hanyoyin gyarar infrared marasa gubar (Pb-free). An ba da shawarar bayanin martaba, wanda gabaɗaya ya haɗa da:

• Dumi-dumi:150-200°C har zuwa dakika 120 matsakaicin don dumama allon a hankali da kuma kunna flux.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki:260°C matsakaicin. Jikin kayan bai kamata ya wuce wannan zafin ba.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus (TAL):Lokacin da ke cikin 5°C na matsakaicin zafin jiki yakamata a iyakance shi zuwa dakika 10 matsakaicin.
• Adadin Zagayowar:Na'urar za ta iya jure matsakaicin zagayowar reflow guda biyu a ƙarƙashin waɗannan yanayi.

Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ingantaccen bayanin martaba ya dogara da takamaiman ƙirar PCB, manna solder, da tanda da aka yi amfani da su. Ƙimar da aka bayar jagorori ne waɗanda yakamata a tabbatar da su don saitin samarwa na ainihi.

6.2 Gyarar Hannu

Idan gyarar hannu ya zama dole, dole ne a yi taka tsantsan sosai. Zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe na gyarawa bai kamata ya wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar jagorar LED yakamata a iyakance shi zuwa dakika 3 matsakaicin. A yi amfani da zafi ga kushin PCB, ba kai tsaye ga jikin LED ba, don hana lalacewar zafi.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan gyarawa, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar sun haɓa barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Yakamata a nutsar da LED a yanayin zafi na al'ada na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Muggan ko sinadarai marasa ƙayyadaddu na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko kayan kunshi.

6.4 Yanayin Ajiya da Sarrafawa

Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD):Na'urar tana da hankali ga ESD. Dole ne a bi ingantattun hanyoyin sarrafawa, gami da amfani da igiyoyin wuyan hannu masu tushe, tabarma masu hana tashin hankali, da kayan aiki da kunshin aminci na ESD.

Hankalin Danshi:Kunshin yana da matakin Hankalin Danshi (MSL). Kamar yadda aka nuna, idan an buɗe ainihin jakar kariya ta danshi, yakamata a yi wa abubuwan gyarar IR reflow a cikin mako guda (MSL 3). Don ajiya mai tsawo a waje da ainihin jakar, dole ne a adana su a cikin akwati mai bushewa ko akwati mai rufi tare da busassun abu. Abubuwan da aka adana fiye da mako guda na iya buƙatar tsari na gasa (misali, 60°C na sa'o'i 20) don cire danshin da aka ɗauka kafin gyarawa don hana lalacewar \"popcorning\" yayin reflow.

7. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tepe da Reel

Ana samar da abubuwan da aka kunna don haɗawa ta atomatik. An ɗora su a cikin tepe mai ɗaukar kaya tare da tepe mai kariya a saman. Ana jujjuya tepe akan daidaitaccen reel mai diamita 7-inch (178 mm).

Cikakkun bayanan kunshi sun haɗa da:

• Adadin Kowane Reel:Guda 2000.
• Mafi ƙarancin Adadin Oda (MOQ):Don sauran adadi, an ƙayyade aƙalla guda 500.
• Rufewar Aljihu:Ana rufe aljihun abubuwan da ba kowa a cikin tepe tare da tepe mai rufi.
• Abubuwan da suka ɓace:Ana ba da izinin mafi yawan fitilun da suka ɓace guda biyu a jere bisa ga ma'aunin kunshi.
• Kunshin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481, yana tabbatar da dacewa da daidaitattun kayan aiki na atomatik.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙira

8.1 Kewaye na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Mafi yawan hanyar tuƙi ita ce tushen igiya akai-akai ko kuma mai sauƙi na iyakance igiya a jere tare da samar da ƙarfin lantarki. Ƙimar resistor (R_limit) za a iya ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_limit= (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Yin amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga kwandon (misali, 3.8V) a cikin wannan lissafin yana tabbatar da cewa igiyar ba ta wuce 20mA ba ko da tare da ƙaramin V_Fbangare. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar kwanciyar hankali na haske, ana ba da shawarar takamaiman IC direban LED, musamman lokacin aiki daga tushen ƙarfin lantarki mai canzawa kamar baturi.

8.2 Ƙirar Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake watsawar wutar lantarki ta yi ƙasa kaɗan (76mW matsakaicin), ingantaccen nutsewar zafi yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aiki da tsawon rai, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai yawa ko wurare masu rufi. Kushin tagulla na PCB suna aiki azaman babban nutsewar zafi. Ƙara yankin tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa kushin cathode da anode, ta amfani da ramukan zafi don haɗawa zuwa tagulla na ciki ko na ƙasa, da kuma tabbatar da isasshen iska zai taimaka sarrafa zafin haɗin.

8.3 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙirar Gani

Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 25 tana ba da haske mai mai da hankali. Don haske mai faɗi, ƙila a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu kamar masu watsawa ko jagororin haske. Zaɓin kwandon don ƙarfin haske da tsayin zango mafi rinjaye yakamata a yi shi bisa ga buƙatun haske da daidaiton launi na aikace-aikacen ƙarshe. Ba a ba da shawarar haɗa kwanduna a cikin samfur ɗaya idan daidaiton gani yana da mahimmanci.

9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Bisa Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED tare da samar da 5V da resistor?

A: I. Misali, ta amfani da V na yau da kullun_Fna 3.2V a 20mA: R = (5V - 3.2V) / 0.02A = 90 Ohms. Daidaitaccen resistor na 91 Ohm zai dace. Koyaushe tabbatar da igiyar ta amfani da ainihin V_Fna takamaiman kwandon ku.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin Tsawon Tsawon Kololuwa da Tsawon Tsawon Mafi Rinjaye?

A: Tsawon Tsawon Kololuwa (λ_P) shine ainihin kololuwar lanƙwaran fitarwar bakan. Tsawon Tsawon Mafi Rinjaye (λ_d) ƙima ce da aka ƙididdige wacce ke wakiltar tsayin zango guda na haske mai launi guda wanda zai bayyana yana da launi ɗaya da LED ga idon ɗan adam. λ_dya fi dacewa don daidaita launi.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambar kwandon ƙarfin haske (misali, \"Y\")?

A: Lambar kwandon tana bayyana kewayon da aka tabbatar. Bangaren kwandon \"Y\" zai sami ƙarfin haske tsakanin 2800 mcd da 4500 mcd lokacin da aka auna shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin ma'auni (20mA, Ta=25°C).

Q: Shin wannan LED ya dace don amfani a waje?

A: Takardar bayani ta ƙayyade kewayon zafin aiki na -20°C zuwa +80°C da aikace-aikacen cikin gida na yau da kullun. Don amfani a waje, yi la'akari da yuwuwar fallasa ga danshi, radiation na UV, da yanayin zafi a waje da ƙayyadaddun kewayon, wanda ƙila ya buƙaci ƙarin matakan kariya ko matakin samfur daban.

10. Gabatarwar Fasaha da Trends

10.1 Fasahar Semiconductor na InGaN

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan kayan semiconductor na Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN). InGaN yana ba da damar samar da haske cikin inganci a cikin yankunan bakan shuɗi, kore, da fari (lokacin haɗawa da phosphor). Ingantaccen inganci da haske na LED na InGaN sun inganta sosai fiye da fasahohin farko kamar Gallium Phosphide (GaP), suna mai da su ma'auni don ingantattun LED kore da shuɗi.

10.2 Trends na Masana'antu

Gabaɗayan yanayin fasahar SMD LED yana ci gaba zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci na haske (ƙarin fitowar haske a kowace watt na shigarwar lantarki), ingantaccen nuna launi, da ƙananan girman kunshi wanda ke ba da damar ƙirar girma mai yawa. Hakanan ana mai da hankali sosai kan ingantaccen aminci da tsawon rai a ƙarƙashin damuwa daban-daban na muhalli. Dacewa tare da hanyoyin reflow marasa gubar, masu zafi, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin wannan na'urar, yanzu buƙatu ne na asali wanda ƙa'idodin muhalli na duniya (misali, RoHS) suka motsa.