Bayanin Fasaha na LED Orange AlInGaP SMD - Girman 3.2x2.8x1.9mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 1.8-2.6V - Ƙarfin Wuta 130mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na LED (Light Emitting Diode) mai amfani da kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) don samar da hasken orange. An ƙera waɗannan LED ɗin a cikin ƙananan kunshin musamman don haɗa allon lantarki (PCB) ta atomatik, wanda ya sa su zama masu dacewa ga aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin nau'ikan na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani da na masana'antu.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan jerin LED sun haɗa da bin ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Illa), dacewa da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik, da kuma dacewa da hanyoyin solder IR reflow. Ana kunna na'urorin a kan kaset mai girman 8mm a kan reel ɗin da ke da diamita inci 7, suna bin ƙa'idodin EIA don ingantaccen masana'antu. Manyan kasuwannin da ake nufi sun haɗa da kayan aikin sadarwa, na'urori na sarrafa ofis, na'urorin gida, tsarin sarrafa masana'antu, da nau'ikan alamomin cikin gida da nunin aikace-aikace inda ake buƙatar hasken nuni mai aminci da ƙanƙanta.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani Mai Ma'ana

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken rarrabuwar iyakokin aiki da halayen aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayi.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar yana ayyana iyakokin damuwa wanda bayan su lalacewar dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ana ƙayyade waɗannan ƙimar a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C kuma ba za a iya wuce su a kowane yanayi ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):130 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da kunshin LED zai iya watsawa azaman zafi.
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (IFP):100 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na nan take da aka yarda, yawanci ana ƙayyade shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms) don hana yin zafi sosai.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na DC na Gaba (IF):50 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin ci gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da aka ba da shawarar don aiki mai dogon lokaci mai aminci.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya wanda ya wuce wannan iyaka zai iya haifar da rushewa da lalata haɗin LED. Takardar bayanan ta bayyana a sarari cewa ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin baya ba.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-40°C zuwa +85°C. An tabbatar da cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin muhalli.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +100°C. Ana iya adana na'urar ba tare da lalacewa ba a cikin waɗannan iyakoki.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana yanayin aikin LED na yau da kullun lokacin da ake aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi na al'ada (Ta=25°C, IF=20mA).

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):1260 - 2500 mcd (millicandela). Wannan shine ƙarfin fitowar hasken da aka auna tare da tsakiyar axis. Faɗin kewayon yana nuna ana amfani da tsarin rarrabuwa (bin) (duba Sashe na 3).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ½):Digiri 120 (na al'ada). Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar axial ɗinsa, yana ayyana faɗin katako.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λd):600 - 610 nm. Wannan ƙimar tsawon zango guda ɗaya ta zahiri tana ayyana launin orange na hasken da aka fitar, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):18 nm (na al'ada). Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan, yana wakiltar faɗin bakan da aka fitar a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfinsa.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (VF):1.8 - 2.6 V. Faɗin ƙarfin wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudanar da 20mA. Yarjejeniya na ±0.1V yana aiki a cikin rukunoni (bins).
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (IR):10 µA (matsakaici). Ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki na yoyo lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya na 5V, wanda ya shafi dalilai na gwaji kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa (Bin)

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin jerin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa rukunoni (bins) na aiki. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatun ƙarfin wutar lantarki, haske, da launi.

3.1 Matsayin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Vf)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin ta hanyar faɗin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a 20mA. Lambar Bin D2: 1.8V - 2.0V Lambar Bin D3: 2.0V - 2.2V Lambar Bin D4: 2.2V - 2.4V Lambar Bin D5: 2.4V - 2.6V Haƙuri a cikin kowane bin shine ±0.1V.

3.2 Matsayin Ƙarfin Haske (Iv)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ƙarfin fitowar haske a 20mA. Lambar Bin W1: 1260 mcd - 1780 mcd Lambar Bin W2: 1780 mcd - 2500 mcd Haƙuri a cikin kowane bin shine ±11%.

3.3 Matsayin Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (Wd)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin bisa madaidaicin maki launi (tsawon zango mai rinjaye). Lambar Bin P: 600 nm - 605 nm Lambar Bin Q: 605 nm - 610 nm Haƙuri a cikin kowane bin shine ±1 nm.

4. Bincike na Lankwasa Ayyuka

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lankwasan hoto a cikin takardar bayanai, tasirinsu yana da mahimmanci ga ƙira. Masu ƙira yakamata su yi tsammanin lankwasan da ke nuna:

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba:Yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin lantarki, yawanci a cikin yanayin da ba na layi ba, yana kusanci jikewa a manyan ƙarfin lantarki.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba da ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba:Yana kwatanta halayen I-V na diode, mai mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irori masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Zafin Muhalli:Yana nuna raguwar fitowar haske yayin da zafin haɗin (junction) ya tashi, wani muhimmin abu ne don sarrafa zafi.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zanen ƙarfin dangi da tsawon zango, yana nuna kololuwa a tsawon zango mai rinjaye da siffar da aka ayyana ta hanyar rabin faɗin bakan.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

LED yana cikin daidaitaccen kunshin SMD. Muhimman bayanan girma sun haɗa da: - Launin Ruwan tabarau: Bayyananne Kamar Ruwa. - Launin Tushe: Orange AlInGaP. - Duk girma suna cikin milimita. - Haƙuri na gabaɗaya shine ±0.2mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba. Dole ne masu ƙira su koma cikin cikakken zanen injiniya don daidaitaccen tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, da tazarar filin haɗawa.

5.2 Filin Haɗa PCB da Ake Shawarta

An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa (sawun ƙafa) don solder IR ko reflow na lokacin tururi. Bin wannan shawarar tsarin filin haɗawa yana da mahimmanci don cimma ingantaccen samuwar haɗin solder, daidaitawa, da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya yayin da bayan tsarin haɗawa.

5.3 Gano Ƙarshen Lantarki (Polarity)

Takardar bayanan ta haɗa da alamomi ko fasali na tsari (misali, tsaga, sashen kusurwa, ko alamar cathode akan kunshin) don gano tashoshin anode da cathode. Daidaitaccen alkiblar ƙarshen lantarki wajibi ne don na'urar ta yi aiki.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Ma'auni na Solder IR Reflow

An ba da shawarar bayanin martani mai bin J-STD-020B don hanyoyin solder marasa gubar. Muhimman ma'auni sun haɗa da: - Zafin Rigakafin: 150°C - 200°C. - Lokacin Rigakafin: Matsakaicin dakika 120. - Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki: Matsakaicin 260°C. - Lokacin Sama da Liquidus: Matsakaicin dakika 10 (tare da matsakaicin sake zagayowar reflow guda biyu da aka yarda). Waɗannan ma'auni manufa ne na gabaɗaya; ana ba da shawarar siffanta takamaiman allon.

6.2 Solder da Hannu (Ƙarfe na Solder)

Idan solder da hannu ya zama dole: - Zafin Ƙarshen Ƙarfe: Matsakaicin 300°C. - Lokacin Solder: Matsakaicin dakika 3 kowace ƙafa. - Yakamata a yi wannan sau ɗaya kawai don guje wa damuwa na zafi.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Ingantaccen ajiya yana da mahimmanci don hana shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da "popcorning" yayin reflow. -Kunshin da aka Rufe:Ajiye a ≤ 30°C da ≤ 70% RH. Yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda. -Kunshin da aka Buɗe:Ajiye a ≤ 30°C da ≤ 60% RH. - Don sassan da suka fita daga ainihin kunshinsu fiye da sa'o'i 168, ana ba da shawarar gasa a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin solder.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi kamar barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin zafi na al'ada na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata kunshin LED.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kaset da Reel

Ana samar da LED ɗin a cikin kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar hoto tare da murfin kariya, an nannade su akan reel ɗin da ke da diamita inci 7 (178mm). - Yawa: Guda 2000 a kowace daidaitaccen reel. - Ƙananan Adadin Oda: Guda 500 don sauran adadi. - Kunshin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED yana dacewa don nuna matsayi, hasken baya, da hasken kayan ado a cikin: - Na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani (wayoyi, kwamfutocin hannu, na'urori). - Kayan aikin sadarwa da sadarwa. - Allunan sarrafa masana'antu da kayan aikin ma'auni. - Alamomin bayanai na cikin gida da nunin.

8.2 Abubuwan Ɗauka a Zance da Hanyar Turawa

Mahimmanci:LED na'ura ce mai aiki da ƙarfin lantarki. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske da tsawon rai, dole ne a tuƙa shi da mai tuƙi na yau da kullun ko tare da tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki da resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki a jere. Lokacin haɗa LED ɗin da yawa a layi daya, ana ba da shawarar resistor daban ga kowane LED don hana cin ƙarfin lantarki da rashin daidaiton haske saboda bambance-bambancen halitta na ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (Vf) tsakanin na'urori ɗaya.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar daidaitattun LED na GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide), wannan LED orange na AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen inganci mai haske sosai, yana haifar da ƙarin haske don irin wannan ƙarfin lantarki na turawa. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar faɗin ganuwa, sabanin LED ɗin da ke da ƙunƙuntaccen katako da ake amfani da su don hasken da aka mayar da hankali. Dacewarsa da daidaitattun haɗawa da hanyoyin sake zagayowar SMD ya bambanta shi da LED ɗin da ke ratsa rami, yana ba da damar samarwa mai yawa, ta atomatik.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga wadataccen dabaru na 3.3V ko 5V?A: A'a. Dole ne koyaushe ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki a jere. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor kamar haka R = (Vcc - Vf) / If, inda Vcc shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki, Vf shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED (yi amfani da matsakaicin ƙimar daga bin don ƙira mai aminci), kuma If shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da ake so (misali, 20mA).

Q: Me yasa akwai faɗin kewayon a cikin Ƙarfin Haske (1260-2500 mcd)?A: Wannan yana nuna yaduwar samarwa. Tsarin rarrabuwa (W1, W2) yana ba ku damar zaɓar sassa tare da ƙunƙuntaccen kewayon haske don aikace-aikacenku, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani a cikin samfurinku.

Q: Me zai faru idan na wuce Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar?A: Wuce waɗannan iyakoki, ko da na ɗan lokaci, na iya haifar da lalacewa nan take ko a ɓoye. Ƙarfin lantarki mai yawa zai iya lalata haɗin semiconductor. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya mai yawa zai iya haifar da rushewa. Yin aiki a waje da kewayon zafin jiki na iya haifar da gazawa da wuri ko canjin ma'auni.

11. Misalin Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Misali: Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi tare da LED orange guda 10 masu daidaitaccen haske. 1. Ƙirar Da'ira:Yi amfani da mai tuƙi na yau da kullun ko, don sauƙi, layin dogo na ƙarfin wutar lantarki (misali, 5V) tare da resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki na musamman ga kowane LED. Don bin D4 (VF matsakaici 2.4V) a 20mA: R = (5V - 2.4V) / 0.02A = 130 Ohms. Yi amfani da ƙimar daidaitaccen da ta biyo baya (misali, 150 Ohms) don ƙarfin lantarki mai ɗan aminci.Zaɓin Kayan Aiki:Ƙayyade rukunonin da ake buƙata lokacin yin oda: misali, LTST-M670VFKT tare da bins D4 (don daidaitaccen ƙarfin wutar lantarki), W2 (don babban haske), da P (don takamaiman launin orange).Shimfidar PCB:Bi shawarar tsarin filin haɗawa daga takardar bayanai don ingantaccen solder.Haɗawa:Bi jagororin bayanin martanin IR reflow. Idan allunan za su kasance a ajiya bayan haɗawa, tabbatar cewa an cika yanayin ajiya.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'ida

Wannan LED yana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin semiconductor. Kayan AlInGaP suna samar da haɗin p-n. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba, electrons daga yankin n da ramuka daga yankin p ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na Aluminum, Indium, Gallium, da Phosphide suna ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap na semiconductor, wanda kai tsaye yana ayyana tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, a cikin bakan orange (~605 nm). Ruwan tabarau mai tsabta yana kewaye da kuma kare mutuwar semiconductor yayin da yake barin hasken ya fita.

13. Trends na Ci Gaba

Babban yanayin a cikin LED ɗin nuni na SMD kamar wannan yana zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci mai haske (ƙarin fitowar haske a kowace watt na shigar da lantarki), yana ba da damar ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki don irin wannan haske. Hakanan akwai ci gaba da tuƙa don ƙananan ƙira yayin kiyayewa ko inganta aikin gani. Bugu da ƙari, ci gaban kayan kunshin da hanyoyin suna nufin haɓaka aminci, aikin zafi, da dacewa da bayanan solder marasa gubar da masu zafi. Daidaita sawun ƙafa da halayen lantarki a cikin masana'antu yana sauƙaƙa ƙira da samo kayan aiki ga injiniyoyi.