Bayanin Fasaha na SMD LED Orange AlInGaP 0603 - Girman 1.6x0.8x0.6mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 1.8-2.4V - Ƙarfi 72mW - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na ƙaramin na'urar haske mai ƙarfi (LED) da ake haɗawa a saman allon (SMD). An ƙera na'urar a cikin ƙirar fakitin 0603 da aka saba da ita a masana'antu, wanda ya sa ta dace da tsarin haɗa kayan ta atomatik da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari. LED tana fitar da haske a cikin bakan orange ta amfani da kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP), wanda aka sani da ingancinsa da tsaftar launi.

1.1 Siffofi

• Ya bi ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa masu haɗari).
• An shirya shi a kan tef na 8mm don dacewa da reels masu diamita 7-inch, yana sauƙaƙe ayyukan ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik.
• Tsarin fakitin EIA (Ƙungiyar Masana'antu na Lantarki) na yau da kullun.
• Shigarwa/fitarwa ya dace da matakan dabaru na ƙirar lantarki (IC).
• An ƙera shi don dacewa da kayan aikin sanyawa ta atomatik.
• Ya dace da amfani da hanyoyin haɗa kayan ta hanyar infrared (IR) reflow.
• An riga an shirya shi zuwa matakin hankali na Danshi na JEDEC (Majalisar Ƙirƙirar Na'urorin Lantarki) 3, yana nuna rayuwar bene na sa'o'i 168 a <30°C/60% RH bayan an buɗe jakar.

1.2 Aikace-aikace

Wannan LED yana da fa'ida kuma ana amfani da shi a cikin kewayon kayan aikin lantarki inda ake buƙatar ƙaramin mai nuna alama mai aminci. Yankunan aikace-aikacen yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Kayan Aikin Sadarwa:Alamomin yanayin akan na'urorin hanyar sadarwa, modem, da wayoyin hannu.
• Sarrafa Ofis:Fitilun panel akan na'urorin bugawa, na'urorin sikan, da na'urori masu ayyuka da yawa.
• Kayan Aikin Gida:Fitilun yanayin kunna wuta/aiki.
• Kayan Aikin Masana'antu:Alamomin yanayin inji da kuskure.
• Manufa Gabaɗaya:Nuna alama da sigina.
• Alamar Haskakawa:Hasken baya don gumaka da alamomi akan allon gaba.
• Hasken Baya na Allon Gaba:Haskakawa don maɓallai da nunin.

2. Cikakken Bayanin Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga na Cikakke

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba. Duk ƙimar an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin jiki (Ta) na 25°C.

• Rushewar Ƙarfi (Pd):72 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin ƙarfin da na'urar za ta iya watsawa azaman zafi.
• Matsakaicin Halin yanzu na Gaba (I_F(peak)):80 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka yarda da shi na take, yawanci ana ƙayyade shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms) don hana yin zafi sosai.
• Halin yanzu na DC Gaba (I_F):30 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin ci gaba da halin yanzu na gaba da aka ba da shawarar don aiki mai dogon lokaci mai aminci.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-40°C zuwa +85°C. An ƙera na'urar don yin aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin yanayi.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +100°C. Ana iya adana na'urar a cikin wannan kewayon ba tare da lalacewa ba lokacin da ba a kunna wuta ba.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haskakawa

Teburin da ke gaba yana jera madaidaitan sigogi na aiki na yau da kullun da aka auna a Ta=25°C da halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 20mA, sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Waɗannan su ne ƙimar da ake tsammani a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun.

Ma'anoni Mafi Muhimmanci:

• Ƙarfin Haskakawa (I_V):Ma'auni na ƙarfin hasken da ake fitarwa a wata takamaiman hanya, ana auna shi da millicandelas (mcd). Ana auna shi da tacewa wanda ke kwaikwayon amsawar bakan idon ɗan adam (lanƙwasa CIE).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Jimlar kusurwa (misali, 110°) wanda ƙarfin haske ya rabi ƙimar sa a 0° (a kan-axis). Kusurwa mafi faɗi yana ba da tsarin haske mafi yaduwa.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Watsawa (λ_p):Tsawon tsawon raƙuman ruwa inda ƙarfin hasken gani ya fi girma (misali, 611 nm).
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Ruwa (λ_d):Tsawon tsawon raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya wanda ke bayyana launin hasken da idon ɗan adam ke gani, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE. Shi ne maɓalli don ƙayyadaddun launi.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Faɗin bakan watsawa a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfinsa, yana nuna tsaftar launi (misali, 17 nm). Ƙimar ƙaramar tana nuna haske mafi launi ɗaya.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Ragewar ƙarfin wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin da takamaiman halin yanzu na gaba ke gudana (misali, 1.8V zuwa 2.4V a 20mA).
• Halin yanzu na Baya (I_R):Ƙaramin halin yanzu na ɗigon da ke gudana lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (misali, 5V). Ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin baya ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa rukuni daban-daban na aiki ko "kwandon" bisa mahimman sigogi. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatu don launi, haske, da ƙarfin wutar lantarki.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (V_F)

Ana rarraba LED ta ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a 20mA. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irori masu iyakance halin yanzu da kuma tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jerin LED masu yawa.

3.2 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Haskakawa (I_V)

Ana rarraba LED bisa mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin haskakawarsu. Wannan rarrabawar yana tabbatar da matsakaicin matakin haske da ake iya hasashe don ɓangaren da aka zaɓa.

3.3 Rarrabawar Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Ruwa (λ_d)

Wannan shine rarrabawar launi na farko. Ana haɗa LED ta matsakaicin tsawon raƙuman ruwa don tabbatar da daidaiton launin orange a cikin ƙuntataccen jurewar ±1 nm a kowane kwandon.

4. Bincike akan Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman zane-zane a cikin takardar bayanai, lanƙwasan aiki na yau da kullun na irin waɗannan LED suna ba da haske mai mahimmanci na ƙira:

• Lanƙwasa I-V (Halin yanzu-Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki):Yana nuna alaƙa tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba. Ba shi da layi, tare da halayyar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na "gwiwa" (kusan 1.8-2.4V don wannan na'urar) wanda sama da shi halin yanzu yana ƙaruwa da sauri tare da ƙananan ƙaruwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Wannan yana buƙatar amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ko direba mai ci gaba da halin yanzu.
• Ƙarfin Haskakawa vs. Halin yanzu na Gaba:Yawanci yana nuna cewa fitar da haske yana ƙaruwa kusan daidai da halin yanzu har zuwa wani lokaci, bayan haka inganci na iya raguwa saboda dumama ko wasu tasiri.
• Ƙarfin Haskakawa vs. Yanayin Yanayi:Yana nuna cewa fitar da haske gabaɗaya yana raguwa yayin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru. Wannan abu ne mai mahimmanci don la'akari da aikace-aikace a cikin yanayi mai zafi.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zanen ƙarfin hasken gani mai alaƙa da tsawon raƙuman ruwa, yana nuna kololuwa kusan 611 nm tare da faɗin halayya (rabin faɗi 17 nm).

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen girman fakitin 0603 (metric 1608): kusan 1.6mm tsawon, 0.8mm faɗi, da 0.6mm tsayi. An ba da cikakkun zane-zane masu girma tare da jurewa (±0.2mm sai dai idan an faɗi) don ƙirar tsarin ƙasa na PCB.

5.2 Gano Polarity da Ƙirar Pad

Yawanci ana yiwa alama cathode akan na'urar. An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa na PCB (tsarin pad) don haɗa kayan ta hanyar infrared ko tururi reflow don tabbatar da ingantaccen samuwar haɗin gwiwa, daidaita ɓangaren, da kuma taimakon zafi yayin haɗawa.

6. Jagororin Haɗawa da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Reflow Solder

An haɗa da shawarar bayanin reflow infrared wanda ya dace da J-STD-020B don hanyoyin da ba su da gubar. Mahimman sigogi sun haɗa da:

• Rigakafin Zafi:150-200°C na matsakaicin dakika 120 don dumama allon a hankali da kuma kunna flux.
• Matsakaicin Zafi:Matsakaicin 260°C.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus (TAL):Yawanci dakika 60-90, ko da yake takamaiman lokaci ya dogara da bayanin.
• Jimlar Lokacin Haɗawa:Matsakaicin dakika 10 a matsakaicin zafi, tare da matsakaicin sake zagayowar reflow guda biyu da aka yarda.

Lura:Mafi kyawun bayanin ya dogara da takamaiman ƙirar PCB, manna solder, da tanda. Bayanin da aka bayar yana aiki azaman manufa ta gabaɗaya bisa ka'idojin JEDEC.

6.2 Haɗa Hannu

Idan haɗa hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da gwangwani mai haɗawa wanda zafinsa bai wuce 300°C ba. Ya kamata a iyakance lokacin tuntuɓar zuwa matsakaicin dakika 3, kuma wannan ya kamata a yi shi sau ɗaya kawai don hana lalacewar zafi ga guntun LED da fakitin.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Kawai yi amfani da wakilai na tsaftacewa da aka ƙayyade. Nitsar LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana da kyau idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa. Guji sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba waɗanda zasu iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko fakitin.

6.4 Yanayin Ajiya

• Fakitin da aka rufe:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% Danshi na Dangi (RH). Samfurin yana da lokacin amfani da aka ba da shawarar na shekara guda daga ranar lambar lokacin da aka adana shi a cikin jakarsa ta asali mai hana danshi tare da desiccant.
• Fakitin da aka buɗe:Don ɓangarorin da aka cire daga jakar da aka rufe, yanayin ajiyar bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Ana ba da shawarar sosai a kammala tsarin reflow IR cikin sa'o'i 168 (mako ɗaya) bayan fallasa.
• Ajiya Mai Tsayi (An Buɗe):Don ajiya fiye da sa'o'i 168, sanya ɓangarorin a cikin akwati da aka rufe tare da desiccant ko a cikin desiccator na nitrogen. Bangarorin da aka adana daga jakar asali fiye da sa'o'i 168 ya kamata a gasa su a kusan 60°C na akalla sa'o'i 48 kafin haɗawa don cire danshin da aka sha da kuma hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana ba da LED akan tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya tare da tef ɗin kariya.

• Girman Reel:Daidaitaccen diamita 7-inch (178mm).
• Adadin kowane Reel:Guda 4000.
• Mafi ƙarancin Adadin Oda (MOQ):Guda 500 don sauran adadi.
• Girman Tef:Faɗin tef na 8mm. An ba da cikakkun girma don aljihu, tef, da reel, suna bin ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481.
• Inganci:An rufe aljihun ɓangarorin da babu kaya. Matsakaicin adadin ɓangarorin da ba a samu ba a jere (tsalle) akan reel shine biyu.

8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

Hanyar tuƙi da aka fi sani da ita ita ce resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere. Ƙimar resistor (R_s) za a iya ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_s= (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga takardar bayanai (ko takamaiman kwandon) don tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu bai wuce I_Fda ake so ba (misali, 20mA) a ƙarƙashin mafi munin yanayi. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton haske ko aiki a cikin faɗin kewayon ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ana ba da shawarar direba mai ci gaba da halin yanzu.

8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

• Gudanar da Zafi:Ko da yake ƙanana, LED yana haifar da zafi. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko ramukan zafi, musamman lokacin aiki kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu ko a cikin yanayi mai zafi, don kiyaye aiki da tsawon rai.
• Kariya daga fitar da wutar lantarki (ESD):LED suna da hankali ga ESD. Yi amfani da shi tare da kariyar ESD da ta dace yayin haɗawa da haɗawa.
• Ƙirar Haskakawa:Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 110 yana ba da haske mai yaduwa. Don hasken da aka mayar da hankali, ana iya buƙatar ruwan tabarau na waje ko bututun haske.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

9.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Ruwa da Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Ruwa?

Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Ruwa (λ_p)shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa na zahiri inda ƙarfin hasken gani ya fi girma.Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Ruwa (λ_d)shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa na fahimta wanda ke bayyana launin kamar yadda idon ɗan adam ke gani, wanda aka ƙididdige shi daga zanen CIE. Ga LED masu launi ɗaya kamar wannan orange, sau da yawa suna kusa, amma λ_dshine ma'auni don ƙayyadaddun launi da rarrabawa.

9.2 Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED ba tare da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ba?

No.Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED yana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau kuma ya bambanta daga na'ura zuwa na'ura. Haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki ko da kaɗan sama da V_Fzai haifar da halin yanzu mai yawa, wanda zai haifar da dumama da sauri da gazawa. Resistor a jere ko da'irar ci gaba da halin yanzu wajibi ne.

9.3 Me yasa akwai iyakar lokacin ajiya bayan buɗe jakar?

Fakitin SMD na iya sha danshi daga yanayi. A lokacin babban zafin jiki na haɗa kayan reflow, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi da sauri, yana haifar da matsa lamba a ciki wanda zai iya fashe fakitin ("popcorning"). Iyakar sa'o'i 168 da tsarin gasa rigakafi ne daga wannan yanayin gazawa.

9.4 Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin kwandon lokacin yin oda?

Ƙayyade lambar ɓangaren tare da lambobin kwandon da ake so don V_F, I_V, da λ_d(misali, neman kwandon D3, S1, R) don tabbatar da cewa kuna karɓar LED tare da takamaiman kewayon ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba, mafi ƙarancin haske, da tsawon raƙuman launi da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacenku, yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin gudanar da samarwar ku.

10. Ka'idojin Fasaha da Trends

10.1 Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan tsarin semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin aiki daga kayan n-type da p-type, bi da bi. Sun sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana bayyana tsawon raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, orange (~611 nm).

10.2 Trends na Masana'antu

Kasuwancin ƙananan SMD LED yana ci gaba da haɓakawa. Manyan abubuwan da suka faru sun haɗa da:

• Ƙara Inganci:Ci gaban kayan aiki da girma na epitaxial yana haifar da ingantaccen haske (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace watt na lantarki).
• Ƙananan Girma:Fakitin da suka fi ƙanƙanta fiye da 0603 (misali, 0402, 0201) suna zama ruwan dare gama gari don na'urori masu ƙanƙanta sosai.
• Ƙarfafa Amincewa:Ingantattun kayan aikin marufi da hanyoyin suna haifar da tsawon rayuwar aiki da ingantaccen aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsauri.
• Ƙuntataccen Rarrabawa:Bukatar daidaiton launi da haske a aikace-aikace kamar nunin alama da alama yana haifar da buƙatar ƙuntataccen jurewar rarrabawa.
• Haɗawa:LED suna ƙara haɗawa tare da IC na sarrafawa ko an shirya su a cikin jerin guntun guntu don mafita na haske mai hankali.