Bayanin Fasaha na LED SMD 0201 Ja AlInGaP - Girman 2.0x1.25x0.8mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 2.0V - Ikon 120mW - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayani Game da Samfur Wannan takarda ta ba da cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na ƙaramin Na'urar Haske mai fitar da haske (LED) mai haɗawa ta Surface Mount Device (SMD) a cikin girman kunshin 0201. Na'urar tana amfani da kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) don samar da fitar da hasken ja. An tsara shi don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik, wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙaramin sarari waɗanda ke buƙatar nuni mai dogaro ko hasken baya.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi Babban fa'idodin wannan ɓangaren sun haɗa da ƙaramin girmansa sosai, dacewa da manyan na'urorin ɗauka da sanyawa na atomatik da kuma kayan aikin sanyaya infrared reflow, da kuma bin umarnin muhalli na RoHS. Ƙaramin girmansa ya sa ya dace don haɗawa cikin ƙungiyoyin lantarki na zamani masu cike da juna. Aikace-aikacen da ake nufi ya ƙunshi fadi mai yawa, gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga kayan aikin sadarwa (misali, wayoyin salula), na'urorin kwamfuta masu ɗaukuwa (misali, littattafan rubutu), kayan aikin sadarwa, kayan aikin gida, da kuma alamun cikin gida ko allunan nuni inda zai iya zama mai nuna matsayi, hasken sigina, ko hasken baya na gaban allon.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani na Haƙiƙa 2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici An siffanta na'urar a ƙarƙashin takamaiman iyakokin muhalli don tabbatar da dogon lokacin dogaro. Matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici yana ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su za a iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin. Manyan iyakoki sun haɗa da ɓarnar wutar lantarki na 120 mW, madaidaicin halin yanzu na DC na gaba na 30 mA, da kuma kololuwar halin yanzu na gaba na 100 mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms). Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya shine 5 V. Ana ƙayyadadden kewayon yanayin yanayin aiki daga -30°C zuwa +85°C, yayin da kewayon zafin ajiya ya faɗaɗa daga -40°C zuwa +100°C. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki da na'urar a waje da waɗannan ƙimar ba.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske An ƙayyade aikin a daidai yanayin gwaji na yau da kullun na zafin yanayi 25°C da kuma halin yanzu na gaba (I ) na 20 mA. Ƙarfin haske (I ) yawanci yana tsakanin 200 zuwa 400 millicandelas (mcd). Kusurwar kallo, wanda aka ayyana shi azaman 2θ 1/2 inda ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar axial, yana kusan digiri 110, yana nuna tsarin kallo mai faɗi. Kololuwar tsawon zangon fitarwa (λ ) yana tsakiya a 631 nm. Tsawon zangon da ya fi rinjaye (λ ), wanda ke ayyana launin da ake gani, yana faɗowa tsakanin 619 nm da 629 nm. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V ) a 20 mA yana da ƙimar al'ada na 2.0 V kuma matsakaicin 2.4 V. Na'urar tana ba da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) na 2 kV (Samfurin Jikin Mutum).

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa (Bin Rank) Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin ƙirar aikace-aikace, ana rarraba LED ɗin cikin kwandon bin dangane da mahimman ma'auni. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar abubuwan da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun kewaye don faɗuwar wutar lantarki da haske.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (V ) Binning An rarraba ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba zuwa kwandon bin da yawa, kowanne yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙima mafi ƙanƙanta da matsakaiciyar ƙima da aka auna a 20 mA. Misali, lambar bin VA1 ta ƙunshi V daga 1.8V zuwa 1.9V, yayin da VC2 ya ƙunshi 2.3V zuwa 2.4V. Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.10 V a cikin kowane kwandon bin. Wannan rarrabuwa yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar masu tuƙi masu tsayayye na yau da kullun da kuma tabbatar da daidaiton haske lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Haske (I ) Binning An rarraba fitarwar haske zuwa manyan ƙungiyoyi biyu da aka auna a 20 mA. Bin P1 ya haɗa da LED masu ƙarfi daga 200 mcd zuwa 300 mcd, kuma bin P2 ya haɗa da waɗanda daga 300 mcd zuwa 400 mcd. An ƙayyade jurewar ±11% ga kowane kwandon ƙarfi. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar matakin haske da ya dace don aikace-aikacensu, ko don alamun gani mai girma ko ƙananan fitilun matsayi.

4. Bincike akan Lankwasa Ayyuka Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lankwasan hoto a cikin takardar bayanai (misali, Hoto na 1 don rarraba bakan, Hoto na 5 don kusurwar kallo), ana iya bayyana halayensu na yau da kullun. Dangantakar tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba (I ) da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V ) yana da ma'ana, halayyar diode. Ƙarfin haske yana kusan daidai da halin yanzu na gaba a cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon aiki. Tsawon zangon da ya fi rinjaye na iya nuna ɗan ƙaramin ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau, ma'ana yana iya matsawa zuwa tsayin zango mafi tsayi (ja canzawa) yayin da zafin haɗin ya ƙaru. Tsarin kusurwar kallo yawanci shine Lambertian ko kusa da Lambertian don wannan nau'in kunshin, yana ba da haske mai faɗi, ko da.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin 5.1 Girman Kunshin Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitattun kunshin EIA 0201. Manyan girma sun haɗa da tsawon jiki na al'ada na 2.0 mm, faɗin 1.25 mm, da tsayi na 0.8 mm. Jurewar girma yawanci ±0.2 mm sai dai idan an lura da haka. Ruwan tabarau yana da ruwa a fili, kuma launin da aka fitar ja ne daga guntu na AlInGaP._F5.2 Shafin Haɗawa da aka Shawarta na PCB da Kuma Polarity An ba da ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa don sanyaya infrared ko reflow na lokacin tururi. Zane yana tabbatar da samuwar haɗin gwiwar solder da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Bangaren yana da tashoshi na anode da cathode; dole ne a kiyaye polarity daidai yayin sanyawa. Takardar bayanai ta haɗa da hoton yanayin kafa da aka ba da shawarar, gami da girma don mask ɗin solder da kafa tagulla._V6. Jagororin Haɗawa da Haɗawa 6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Solder na IR Reflow An ba da shawarar bayanin reflow wanda ya dace da J-STD-020B don hanyoyin da ba su da gubar. Manyan ma'auni sun haɗa da zafin jiki na preheat tsakanin 150°C da 200°C, lokacin preheat har zuwa 120 seconds matsakaici, kololuwar zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, da kuma lokacin sama da 217°C (liquidus) an iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin 10 seconds. Yana da mahimmanci a bi siffanta takamaiman PCB kamar yadda ƙirar allon da kuma yawan zafi ke shafar ƙirar ƙarshe._{6.2 Ajiya da Gudanarwa LED ɗin suna da damuwa da danshi. Lokacin da aka adana su a cikin jakar su ta asali mai rufaffiyar danshi tare da desiccant, ya kamata a kiyaye su a ≤30°C da ≤70% RH kuma a yi amfani da su cikin shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe jakar, yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Ana ba da shawarar gasa abubuwan da aka fallasa ga yanayin yanayi na fiye da sa'o'i 168 a kusan 60°C na aƙalla awanni 48 kafin sanyawa don hana fashewar popcorn yayin reflow.}6.3 Tsaftacewa Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole bayan sanyawa, kawai takamaiman abubuwan kaushi na barasa kamar ethyl alcohol ko isopropyl alcohol ya kamata a yi amfani da su. Ya kamata a nutsar da LED a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Masu tsaftacewa na sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata epoxy na kunshin._p7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda Ana ba da abubuwan da aka kunna don haɗawa ta atomatik. An ɗora su akan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin milimita 12 kuma an yi musu igiya akan reels masu diamita 7-inch (178 mm). Kowace reel tana ɗauke da guda 4000. Aljihun tef ɗin an rufe shi da tef ɗin saman. Kunshin yana bin ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Don adadin oda ƙasa da cikakken reel, akwai mafi ƙarancin adadin shirya na guda 500 don ragowar._d8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace 8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun LED ɗin na'urori ne masu tuƙi na halin yanzu. Don daidaiton haske, musamman lokacin da ake amfani da LED da yawa a layi daya, ana ƙarfafa ba da shawarar tuƙi kowane LED da nasa resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu wanda aka haɗa a jere. Zanen kewaye mai sauƙi zai nuna tushen wutar lantarki (V ), resistor (R ), da LED a jere. Ƙimar resistor ana ƙididdige shi azaman R = (V - V ) / I , inda V shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED a halin yanzu da ake so I ._F8.2 Abubuwan da Ya kamata a Yi la'akari da su a Zane Dole ne masu zane su yi la'akari da sarrafa zafi. Ko da yake ƙanana, ɓarnar wutar lantarki na 120 mW na iya haɓaka zafin haɗin idan hanyar zafin PCB bai isa ba, yana iya rage fitar da haske da tsawon rayuwa. Faɗin kusurwar kallo (110°) ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen inda ake buƙatar ganin mai nuni daga kusurwoyi daban-daban. Ƙimar ESD na 2 kV ta al'ada ce ga abubuwan da suka dace da masu amfani; ƙarin kariya ta waje na ESD na iya buƙata a cikin yanayi mai tsauri.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance Idan aka kwatanta da manyan LED na SMD (misali, 0603, 0805), kunshin 0201 yana ba da raguwa mai mahimmanci a sararin allon, yana ba da damar ƙirar yawa mai yawa. Fasahar AlInGaP tana ba da ingantaccen haske a cikin kewayon bakan ja/ orange/amber idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP. Ƙayyadaddun dacewa da sanyaya reflow na infrared da kuma shirye-shiryen JEDEC (Mataki na 3) yana nuna dacewa da daidaitattun hanyoyin haɗawa masu inganci, waɗanda suka zama ruwan dare a cikin masana'antu.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha Q: Shin zan iya tuƙi wannan LED kai tsaye daga fitarwar dabaru na 3.3V ko 5V? A: A'a. Dole ne a tuƙi LED tare da iyakance halin yanzu. Haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa tushen wutar lantarki zai haifar da wuce gona da iri na halin yanzu, yana lalata na'urar. Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jere ko direba mai tsayayye. Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin zango mafi girma da tsayin zango mafi rinjaye? A: Tsawon zango mafi girma (λ ) shine tsawon zango inda rarraba ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma. Tsawon zango mafi rinjaye (λ ) an samo shi daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsayin zango guda ɗaya na haske mai launi ɗaya wanda zai dace da launin da ake gani na LED. λ ya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi. Q: Ta yaya zafin jiki ke shafar aiki? A: Yawanci, yayin da zafin haɗin ya ƙaru, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba yana raguwa kaɗan, kuma fitarwar haske tana raguwa. Tsawon zango mafi rinjaye kuma na iya canzawa. Yin aiki a cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon zafin jiki yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen aiki.

11. Misalin Zane da Amfani na Aiki Yi la'akari da ƙaramin na'urar sawa da ke buƙatar alamun matsayi masu ƙarancin wutar lantarki da yawa (wutar lantarki, haɗin Bluetooth, gargadin baturi). Yin amfani da LED ɗin ja 0201 yana ba su damar sanya su a cikin tsari mai ƙarfi a gefen na'urar. Filin GPIO na microcontroller, wanda aka saita azaman fitarwa buɗaɗɗen rami, zai iya nutsar da halin yanzu ta kowane LED ta hanyar resistor na jere na 100Ω zuwa layin dogo na 3.3V, yana ba da halin yanzu mai sarrafawa na kusan (3.3V - 2.0V)/100Ω = 13 mA, wanda yake cikin yankin aiki mai aminci kuma yana ba da isasshen haske. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin alamun ko da lokacin da aka saka na'urar._F12. Gabatarwa akan Ƙa'idar Aiki Fitar haske a cikin wannan LED na AlInGaP ya dogara ne akan electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. A can, sun sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman ƙarfin bandgap na gami na semiconductor na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade tsayin zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar, wanda a wannan yanayin yana cikin bakan ja (~631 nm kololuwa). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy yana rufe guntu na semiconductor, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, kuma yana siffanta tsarin fitar da haske.

13. Trends na Fasaha Trend a cikin LED na nuni yana ci gaba zuwa ƙananan ƙira (ƙasa da 0201), mafi inganci (lumens da yawa kowace watt), da ingantaccen dogaro. Haɗin kai tare da da'irar sarrafawa akan allon (misali, LED na RGB masu adireshi) shima ya zama ruwan dare. Ga alamun launi ɗaya, abin da ke ci gaba da kasancewa shine cimma daidaitaccen launi da haske a cikin ƙananan ƙananan kunshin yayin kiyaye dacewa da daidaitattun hanyoyin haɗawa na SMT da ƙara ƙarfi ga abubuwan muhalli kamar danshi da zagayowar zafi._Ffrom 1.8V to 1.9V, while VC2 covers 2.3V to 2.4V. A tolerance of ±0.10 V is applied within each bin. This binning is crucial for designing stable constant-current drivers and ensuring uniform brightness when multiple LEDs are connected in parallel.

.2 Luminous Intensity (I_V) Binning

The luminous output is binned into two primary groups measured at 20 mA. Bin P1 includes LEDs with intensity from 200 mcd to 300 mcd, and bin P2 includes those from 300 mcd to 400 mcd. A tolerance of ±11% is specified for each intensity bin. This allows designers to choose the appropriate brightness level for their application, whether for high-visibility indicators or lower-power status lights.

. Performance Curve Analysis

While specific graphical curves are referenced in the datasheet (e.g., Figure 1 for spectral distribution, Figure 5 for viewing angle), their typical behavior can be described. The relationship between forward current (I_F) and forward voltage (V_F) is exponential, characteristic of a diode. The luminous intensity is approximately proportional to the forward current within the specified operating range. The dominant wavelength may exhibit a slight negative temperature coefficient, meaning it can shift towards longer wavelengths (red shift) as the junction temperature increases. The viewing angle pattern is typically Lambertian or near-Lambertian for this package type, providing wide, even illumination.

. Mechanical and Package Information

.1 Package Dimensions

The device conforms to the EIA standard 0201 package outline. Key dimensions include a typical body length of 2.0 mm, a width of 1.25 mm, and a height of 0.8 mm. The dimensional tolerance is typically ±0.2 mm unless otherwise noted. The lens is water clear, and the emitted color is red from the AlInGaP chip.

.2 Recommended PCB Attachment Pad and Polarity

A land pattern design is provided for infrared or vapor phase reflow soldering. The design ensures proper solder joint formation and mechanical stability. The component has anode and cathode terminals; correct polarity must be observed during placement. The datasheet includes an illustration of the recommended pad geometry, including dimensions for the solder mask and copper pad.

. Soldering and Assembly Guidelines

.1 IR Reflow Soldering Profile

A suggested reflow profile compliant with J-STD-020B for lead-free processes is provided. Key parameters include a preheat temperature between 150°C and 200°C, a preheat time up to 120 seconds maximum, a peak body temperature not exceeding 260°C, and a time above 217°C (liquidus) limited to a maximum of 10 seconds. It is critical to follow PCB-specific characterization as board design and thermal mass affect the final profile.

.2 Storage and Handling

The LEDs are moisture-sensitive. When stored in their original sealed moisture-proof bag with desiccant, they should be kept at ≤30°C and ≤70% RH and used within one year. Once the bag is opened, the storage environment should not exceed 30°C and 60% RH. Components exposed to ambient conditions for more than 168 hours are recommended to be baked at approximately 60°C for at least 48 hours before soldering to prevent popcorn cracking during reflow.

.3 Cleaning

If cleaning is necessary after soldering, only specified alcohol-based solvents like ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol should be used. The LED should be immersed at normal temperature for less than one minute. Unspecified chemical cleaners may damage the package epoxy.

. Packaging and Ordering Information

The components are supplied packaged for automated assembly. They are mounted on 12 mm wide embossed carrier tape and wound onto 7-inch (178 mm) diameter reels. Each reel contains 4000 pieces. The tape pockets are sealed with a top cover tape. Packaging follows ANSI/EIA-481 specifications. For order quantities less than a full reel, a minimum packing quantity of 500 pieces is available for remnants.

. Application Suggestions

.1 Typical Application Circuits

LEDs are current-driven devices. For consistent brightness, especially when multiple LEDs are used in parallel, it is strongly recommended to drive each LED with its own current-limiting resistor connected in series. A simple circuit diagram would show a voltage source (V_CC), a resistor (R_S), and the LED in series. The resistor value is calculated as R_S= (V_CC- V_F) / I_F, where V_Fis the forward voltage of the LED at the desired current I_F.

.2 Design Considerations

Designers must consider thermal management. Although small, the 120 mW power dissipation can raise the junction temperature if the PCB thermal path is inadequate, potentially reducing light output and lifespan. The wide viewing angle (110°) makes it suitable for applications where the indicator needs to be seen from various angles. The 2 kV ESD rating is typical for consumer-grade components; additional external ESD protection may be required in harsh environments.

. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

Compared to larger SMD LEDs (e.g., 0603, 0805), the 0201 package offers a significant reduction in board space, enabling higher density designs. The AlInGaP technology provides high luminous efficiency in the red/orange/amber spectrum range compared to older technologies like GaAsP. The specified compatibility with infrared reflow soldering and JEDEC preconditioning (Level 3) indicates suitability for standard, high-reliability assembly processes common in the industry.

. Frequently Asked Questions Based on Technical Parameters

Q: Can I drive this LED directly from a 3.3V or 5V logic output?

A: No. An LED must be driven with a current limit. Connecting it directly to a voltage source would cause excessive current to flow, destroying the device. Always use a series resistor or a constant-current driver.

Q: What is the difference between peak wavelength and dominant wavelength?

A: Peak wavelength (λ_p) is the wavelength at which the spectral power distribution is highest. Dominant wavelength (λ_d) is derived from the CIE chromaticity diagram and represents the single wavelength of a pure monochromatic light that would match the perceived color of the LED. λ_dis more relevant for color specification.

Q: How does temperature affect performance?

A: Typically, as junction temperature increases, forward voltage decreases slightly, and luminous output decreases. The dominant wavelength may also shift. Operating within the specified temperature range is essential for stable performance.

. Practical Design and Usage Case

Consider a compact wearable device requiring multiple low-power status indicators (power, Bluetooth connection, battery warning). Using 0201 red LEDs allows them to be placed in a tight array on the device's edge. A microcontroller GPIO pin, configured as an open-drain output, can sink current through each LED via a 100Ω series resistor to a 3.3V rail, providing a controlled current of approximately (3.3V - 2.0V)/100Ω = 13 mA, which is within the safe operating area and provides sufficient brightness. The wide viewing angle ensures the indicators are visible even when the device is worn.

. Operating Principle Introduction

Light emission in this AlInGaP LED is based on electroluminescence. When a forward bias voltage is applied across the p-n junction, electrons from the n-type region and holes from the p-type region are injected into the active region. There, they recombine, releasing energy in the form of photons. The specific bandgap energy of the AlInGaP semiconductor alloy determines the wavelength (color) of the emitted light, which in this case is in the red spectrum (~631 nm peak). The epoxy lens encapsulates the semiconductor die, provides mechanical protection, and shapes the light output pattern.

. Technology Trends

The trend in indicator LEDs continues towards miniaturization (smaller than 0201), higher efficiency (more lumens per watt), and improved reliability. Integration with onboard control circuitry (e.g., addressable RGB LEDs) is also prevalent. For monochromatic indicators, the focus remains on achieving consistent color and brightness in ultra-small packages while maintaining compatibility with standard SMT assembly processes and increasing robustness against environmental factors like humidity and thermal cycling.