Bayanin Fasaha na LED LTST-C150KDKT-10A - 1.6x0.8x0.6mm - 2.4V - 50mW - AllnGaP Ja - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakken bayanin fasaha na fitilar LED mai haɗawa da saman (SMD). An tsara shi don haɗa allon da'ira da aka buga (PCB) ta atomatik, wannan kayan yana da kyau don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin nau'ikan kayan lantarki.

1.1 Siffofi

• Ya bi ka'idojin muhalli na RoHS.
• Yana amfani da guntu na AllnGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) mai haske sosai wanda ke fitar da hasken ja.
• An tattara shi a kan tef na 8mm wanda aka nannade a kan reels masu diamita 7-inch don sarrafawa ta atomatik.
• Matsakaicin ƙafar fakitin EIA.
• Shigarwa ya dace da matakan dabaru na da'ira (IC).
• An tsara shi don dacewa da kayan haɗawa ta atomatik na ɗauka da sanyawa.
• Yana jurewa tsarin ginin IR reflow.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Manufa

Wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikace da yawa waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙaramin alama ko tushen hasken baya, gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga:

• Na'urorin sadarwa, kayan aikin ofis, kayan amfanin gida, da tsarin sarrafa masana'antu.
• Hasken baya don maɓallan maɓalli da madannai.
• Alamun matsayi da wutar lantarki.
• Ƙananan nuni da alamun panel.
• Hasken sigina da alama.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

Sasannin masu zuwa suna ba da cikakken bincike game da ƙayyadaddun lantarki, na gani, da na muhalli na na'urar.

2.1 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarshe

Waɗannan ƙimomi suna wakiltar iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba. Duk ƙimar an ƙayyade a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):50 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya watsawa azaman zafi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba na Gaba (I_F(PEAK)):40 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin gaba na gaba da aka yarda da shi, yawanci ana ƙayyade shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms) don hana yin zafi sosai.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba na Gaba (I_F):20 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin DC da aka ba da shawarar don ci gaba da aiki.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya wanda ya wuce wannan ƙimar zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-30°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin muhalli wanda aka tsara na'urar don yin aiki a cikinsa.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin jiki don ajiyar da ba ta aiki ba.
• Yanayin Ginin IR Reflow:Matsakaicin zafin jiki 260°C na iya ɗaukar daƙiƙa 10 kawai. Wannan yana bayyana yanayin zafi da fakitin zai iya jurewa yayin haɗawa.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Gani

Waɗannan ma'auni suna bayyana matsakaicin aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun (Ta=25°C, I_F=10mA sai dai idan an lura).

• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_V):2.8 zuwa 28.0 mcd (millicandela). Hasken da ake gani na fitar da haske. Ana sarrafa faɗin kewayon ta hanyar tsarin binning.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2):Digiri 130. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar da aka auna akan-axis. Faɗin kusurwar kallo kamar wannan yana ba da tsarin haske mai faɗi, mai yaduwa wanda ya dace da alamomi.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P):650.0 nm (nanometers). Tsawon tsawon da fitar da ƙarfin gani ya fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):630.0 zuwa 645.0 nm. Wannan shine tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane wanda ke bayyana launi (ja, a wannan yanayin). An samo shi daga zane na CIE chromaticity.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Gani (Δλ):20 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan yana nuna tsaftar gani ko faɗin band na hasken da aka fitar, wanda aka auna azaman faɗin bakan a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfinsa.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):1.6 zuwa 2.4 V. Faɗin wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da ƙayyadadden gwajin gwaji (10mA).
• Halin Baya (I_R):10 μA (microamperes) matsakaici. Ƙananan halin ɗigon da ke gudana lokacin da aka yi amfani da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya (5V).

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin haske don aikace-aikacen samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa ƙungiyoyin aiki, ko \"kwandon shara.\"

3.1 Lambar Kwandon Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken

Babban binning na wannan samfurin ya dogara ne akan ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a 10mA. Haƙuri a cikin kowane kwandon shine +/-15%.

• Kwandon H:2.8 - 4.5 mcd
• Kwandon J:4.5 - 7.1 mcd
• Kwandon K:7.1 - 11.2 mcd
• Kwandon L:11.2 - 18.0 mcd
• Kwandon M:18.0 - 28.0 mcd

Wannan tsarin yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar madaidaicin matakin haske don takamaiman aikace-aikacensu, daidaita farashi da aiki.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman bayanan hoto a cikin takardar tushe, an bayyana mahimman alaƙa a nan bisa ga ka'idodin LED na yau da kullun da ƙayyadaddun bayanan da aka bayar.

4.1 Halin Halin Halin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki (I-V)

LED diode ne. Ƙarfinsa na gaba (V_F) yana da alaƙa ta logarithmic tare da halin gaba na gaba (I_F). Ƙayyadaddun kewayon V_Fna 1.6V zuwa 2.4V a 10mA shine na yau da kullun ga LED ja AllnGaP. Yin aiki sama da halin ci gaba na yau da kullun da aka ba da shawarar (20mA) zai sa V_Fya ƙara kaɗan amma da farko zai haifar da zafi mai yawa, yana rage inganci da tsawon rai.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken vs. Halin Gaba na Gaba

Fitar da haske (I_V) yana kusan daidai da halin gaba na gaba a cikin babban kewayon. Duk da haka, inganci yana ƙara raguwa a halaye masu yawa saboda ƙarin tasirin zafi da sauran halayen semiconductor marasa kyau. Tuƙi LED a na yau da kullun 10mA ko 20mA yana tabbatar da inganci da aminci mafi kyau.

4.3 Dogaro da Zazzabi

Aikin LED yana da hankali ga zafin jiki. Yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru:

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Ya ragu. Wannan yana da mummunan ma'aunin zafin jiki.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_V):Ya ragu. Matsakaicin zafin jiki yana rage ingancin quantum na ciki na semiconductor, yana haifar da ƙarancin fitar da haske don halin ɗaya.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):Yana iya canzawa kaɗan, yana iya canza launin launin da ake gani.

Ingantaccen sarrafa zafi a cikin ƙirar PCB yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aiki mai daidaito.

4.4 Rarraba Gani

Bakan fitarwa yana kewaye da matsakaicin tsawon tsawon (λ_P) na 650 nm tare da rabin faɗi na yau da kullun (Δλ) na 20 nm. Wannan yana haifar da launin ja mai cika. Matsakaicin tsawon tsawon (λ_d), wanda ke bayyana launin da ake gani, ya faɗi tsakanin 630 nm da 645 nm.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen fakitin haɗawa da saman. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da girman jiki kusan 1.6mm a tsayi, 0.8mm a faɗi, da 0.6mm a tsayi (takamaiman zane da aka ambata a cikin tushe). Duk ƙayyadaddun girma ±0.1mm ne sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba. Ruwan tabarau yana da ruwa mai tsabta, yana ba da damar ainihin launin ja na guntun AllnGaP ya bayyana.

5.2 Tsarin Ƙasar PCB da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da shawarar shimfidar kushin gini don allon da'ira da aka buga don tabbatar da ingantaccen gini da daidaitawar da ta dace. An tsara wannan tsarin don sauƙaƙe samuwar fillet ɗin gini mai kyau yayin reflow yayin rage haɗarin gada gini.

5.3 Gano Polarity

Cathode (tashar mara kyau) yawanci ana nuna shi ta hanyar alamar gani akan fakitin LED, kamar tsaga, kore kore, ko yanke kusurwa akan ruwan tabarau. Dole ne a lura da polarity daidai yayin haɗawa, saboda amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya zai iya lalata na'urar.

6. Jagororin Gini da Haɗawa

6.1 Ma'aunin Ginin IR Reflow

Na'urar ta dace da tsarin gini mara gubar (Pb-free). An ba da shawarar bayanin martaba na reflow, yana bin ka'idojin JEDEC.

• Zafin Jiki Kafin Dumama:150°C zuwa 200°C.
• Lokacin Dumama Kafin:Matsakaicin daƙiƙa 120.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki:Matsakaicin 260°C.
• Lokaci Sama da 260°C:Matsakaicin daƙiƙa 10.
• Adadin Wucewar Reflow:Matsakaicin sau biyu.

Dole ne a siffanta takamaiman bayanin martaba don ainihin ƙirar PCB, man gini, da tanda da aka yi amfani da su.

6.2 Ginin Hannu (Idan Ya cancanta)

Idan ana buƙatar gini na hannu, dole ne a yi taka tsantsan sosai:

• Zafin Ƙarfe:Matsakaicin 300°C.
• Lokacin Gini:Matsakaicin daƙiƙa 3 kowace ƙafar.
• Adadin Ƙoƙarin Gini:Sau ɗaya kawai kowane haɗin gwiwa.

Tsawaita amfani da zafi na iya lalata igiyoyin ciki da fakitin epoxy.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Matsayin hankali na danshi (MSL) muhimmin abu ne ga abubuwan SMD.

• Fakitin da aka rufe (tare da desiccant):Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH. Yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda daga ranar busasshen fakitin.
• Fakitin da aka Buɗe:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Ya kamata a yi wa abubuwan IR reflow cikin mako guda (MSL 3).
• Ajiya Mai Tsayi (Daga cikin Jakar):Ajiye a cikin akwati da aka rufe tare da desiccant ko a cikin desiccator na nitrogen. Idan an ajiye fiye da mako guda, ana buƙatar gasa a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin gini don cire danshin da aka sha da hana \"popcorning\" yayin reflow.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan tsaftacewa bayan gini ya zama dole, yi amfani da kawai abubuwan da aka amince da su na tushen barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol (IPA) ko ethyl alcohol. Tsoma ciki ya zama a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Masu tsaftacewa na sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na LED ko kayan fakitin.

7. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana samar da abubuwan akan tef ɗin mai ɗaukar hoto don haɗawa ta atomatik.

• Faɗin Tef ɗin Mai ɗaukar Kaya: 8mm.
• Diamita na Reel:Inci 7.
• Adadin kowace Reel:Guda 3000 (daidaitaccen cikakken reel).
• Matsakaicin Adadin Oda (MOQ) na Saura:Guda 500.
• Rufe Aljihu:Ana rufe aljihun da ba kowa tare da tef ɗin murfi.
• Abubuwan da Bata:Ana ba da izinin fitilar da bata gabaɗaya biyu, bisa ga ƙa'idodin masana'antu (ANSI/EIA 481).

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

LED na'urar ce da aka tuƙa. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske da hana cin abinci na halin yanzu, musamman lokacin tuƙi LED da yawa a layi daya, dole ne a yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa a jere tare da kowane LED. Ƙimar resistor (R) ana ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_SUPPLY- V_F) / I_F, inda V_Fshine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED a halin da ake so I_F. Yin amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga takardar bayanin (2.4V) a cikin lissafin yana tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu bai wuce manufar ba ko da tare da bambancin na'ura-zuwa-na'ura.

8.2 La'akari da Ƙira

• Gudanar da Zazzabi:Ko da yake rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa (50mW matsakaici), tabbatar da ingantacciyar hanyar zafi ta hanyar kushin PCB yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye ingantaccen fitar da haske da tsawon rai, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai yawa ko a manyan halaye na tuƙi.
• Kariya ta ESD (Fitar da Lantarki Mai Tsanani):LED suna da hankali ga lantarki mai tsanani. Dole ne a aiwatar da ingantaccen sarrafa ESD (abun hannu, tashoshin aiki masu tushe, bene mai ɗaukar hoto) yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa.
• Ƙirar Gani:Kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 tana ba da haske mai faɗi. Don ƙarin haske mai da hankali, ana iya buƙatar ruwan tabarau na waje ko jagororin haske.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Wannan LED ja AllnGaP yana ba da fa'idodi na musamman:

• vs. LED Ja na GaAsP na Al'ada:Fasahar AllnGaP tana ba da inganci mai haske sosai, yana haifar da fitarwa mai haske a halin ɗaya, ko daidaitaccen haske a ƙarancin wutar lantarki.
• vs. LED na Ramin Ramuka na Al'ada:Fakitin SMD yana ba da damar haɗawa mai girma sosai, yana dacewa da cikakken layin samarwa, kuma yana kawar da buƙatar lanƙwasa gubar da hako ramuka akan PCB.
• Babban Fa'ida:Haɗin haske mai yawa daga AllnGaP, faɗin kusurwar kallo, da ƙaramin fakitin da za a iya gini reflow ya sa wannan na'urar ta zama mai fa'ida sosai don na'urorin lantarki na zamani.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa ga Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga fil ɗin dabaru na 3.3V ko 5V?

A'a, ba tare da resistor mai iyakancewa ba.Haɗa shi kai tsaye zai yi ƙoƙarin jawo halin yanzu mai yawa, wanda kawai iyawar fil ɗin da juriyar LED ke iyakancewa, wanda zai iya lalata LED ko lalata IC mai tuƙi. Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jere.

10.2 Me yasa akwai faɗin kewayon a cikin Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (2.8 zuwa 28.0 mcd)?

Wannan ya faru ne saboda bambance-bambancen halitta a cikin samar da semiconductor. Tsarin binning (H zuwa M) yana rarraba sassa ta hanyar auna haske. Don bayyanar daidaito a cikin aikace-aikace, ƙayyade kuma yi amfani da LED daga kwandon ƙarfi ɗaya.

10.3 Me zai faru idan na wuce ƙimar halin yanzu na ci gaba na 20mA?

Wucewa ƙimar yana ƙara zafin haɗin gwiwa. Wannan yana haɓaka lalacewar kayan semiconductor, yana haifar da raguwar fitar da haske na dindindin da sauri (rage darajar lumen) kuma yana iya haifar da gazawar bala'i. Koyaushe ƙirar da'irori don yin aiki a cikin Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarshe.

11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

11.1 Harka na Ƙira: Panel Alamar Matsayi

Labari:Ƙirar panel iko tare da alamun matsayi ja guda 10 iri ɗaya, wanda aka kunna daga layin dogo na 5V. Daidaiton haske yana da mahimmanci.
Matakan Ƙira:

1. Zaɓi Halin Tuƙi:Zaɓi I_F= 10mA don kyakkyawan haske da tsawon rai.
2. Ƙididdigar Ƙimar Resistor:Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_F(2.4V) don ƙirar mafi munin yanayi. R = (5V - 2.4V) / 0.01A = 260 Ohms. Ƙimar E24 ta yau da kullun mafi kusa ita ce 270 Ohms.
3. Ƙididdigar Wutar Resistor:P = I²* R = (0.01)²* 270 = 0.027W. Matsakaicin 1/8W (0.125W) ko resistor 1/10W ya isa.
4. Ƙayyade Kwandon LED:Don tabbatar da cewa duk alamomi 10 sun yi daidai, ƙayyade LED daga kwandon ƙarfin haske guda ɗaya (misali, Kwandon L: 11.2-18.0 mcd) a cikin odar siye.
5. Shimfidar PCB:Yi amfani da tsarin ƙasa da aka ba da shawarar. Tabbatar cewa ƙirar panel ta ba da damar kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 don haka alamar ta bayyana daga wuraren da masu amfani suka yi niyya.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke canza makamashin lantarki kai tsaye zuwa haske ta hanyar tsarin da ake kira electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi. A cikin LED AllnGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide), ana sakin wannan makamashi da farko azaman photons (haske) a cikin ɓangaren ja na bakan gani. Takamaiman tsawon tsawon (launi) an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor, wanda aka ƙera yayin tsarin girma crystal ta hanyar daidaita ma'auni na aluminum, indium, da gallium.

13. Trends na Fasaha da Ci gaba

Fannin optoelectronics yana ci gaba da haɓaka. Gabaɗaya trends da ake gani a cikin masana'antu sun haɗa da:

• Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki:Binciken kimiyyar kayan aiki da ƙirar guntu na ci gaba yana haifar da LED waɗanda ke samar da ƙarin lumens kowace watt (lm/W), yana rage amfani da wutar lantarki don fitar da haske ɗaya.
• Ƙananan Girma:Girman fakitin yana ci gaba da raguwa (misali, 0402, 0201 girman awo) don ba da damar mafi girman yawa akan PCBs don na'urori masu ƙarancin ƙarfi.
• Ingantaccen Daidaiton Launi:Ci gaba a cikin girma na epitaxial da dabarun binning suna ba da damar ƙarin ƙarfi akan tsawon tsawon da ƙarfin haske, yana ba masu ƙira ƙarin sarrafa daidaitaccen launi da haske.
• Haɗin kai:Trends sun haɗa da haɗa guntu LED da yawa (RGB) cikin fakitin guda ɗaya don haɗa launi, ko haɗa ICs masu sarrafawa tare da LED don mafita na haske \"mai hankali.\"

Waɗannan ci gaban suna nufin ba wa masu ƙira ƙarin abubuwa masu iyawa, inganci, da aminci don faɗaɗa kewayon aikace-aikace.