SMD LED RGB Mai Rarrafe Fari Nau'in 5630 - Girman 5.6x3.0x1.9mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 1.8-3.8V - Ikon 0.13W - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na na'urar LED mai hawa a saman (SMD) a cikin nau'in 5630, mai dauke da ruwan tabarau mai rarrafe fari. Na'urar ta haɗa guntu guda uku masu fitar da haske a cikin fakiti guda ɗaya: Ja (AlInGaP) ɗaya, Kore (InGaN) ɗaya, da Shudi (InGaN) ɗaya. Wannan tsari yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar launuka daban-daban ta hanyar sarrafa guntu ɗaya ko haɗe. Babban manufar ƙira ita ce samar da mafita mai ƙarancin girma, amintacce, da inganci mai dacewa da tsarin haɗawa ta atomatik.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

• Ƙirar Ƙananan Girma:Ƙananan siffar ta dace sosai don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari akan allunan da'ira (PCBs).
• Daidaitawa da Aiki ta Atomatik:An ƙera fakitin don dacewa da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanya atomatik da tsarin haɗa ta hanyar infrared (IR) reflow, wanda ke sauƙaƙa samarwa mai yawa.
• Fitowar Launi Mai Yawa:Guntun RGB da aka haɗa yana ba da damar samun bakan launuka mai faɗi, wanda ya sa ya dace don nuna matsayi, hasken baya, da hasken ado.
• Bin Ka'idojin Muhalli:Samfurin ya cika umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hatsari).
• Fakitin Daidaitacce:Ana bayarwa akan tef mai nisan milimita 12 da aka nannade akan reels masu diamita inci 7, wanda ya yi daidai da ƙa'idodin EIA don sarrafawa da ajiya mai inganci.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Da Ake Nufi

An ƙera wannan LED don kewayon kayan lantarki inda ake buƙatar hasken nuni mai aminci da ƙarancin girma. Yankunan aikace-aikace na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani:Masu nuna matsayi a cikin wayoyin mara igiya, wayoyin salula, kwamfutocin tebur, da na'urorin gida.
• Kayan Aiki na Ƙwararru & Masana'antu:Masu nuna allon gaba a cikin tsarin hanyar sadarwa, na'urorin sarrafa ofis, da allunan sarrafa masana'antu.
• Nuni & Alamomi:Aikace-aikacen hasken sigina da alamomi, da kuma hasken baya na allon gaba inda ake son fitar da haske mai rarrafe, daidai.

2. Sigogi na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

2.1 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarfi

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):Ja: 130 mW; Kore/Shudi: 114 mW. Wannan siga tana nuna matsakaicin wutar lantarki da LED zai iya watsa azaman zafi. Wucewa wannan iyaka yana haifar da haɗarin lalacewa ta zafi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_FP):100 mA ga duk launuka a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms). Wannan yana da amfani don ƙwanƙwasa, ƙwanƙwasa mai ƙarfi amma ba don ci gaba da aiki ba.
• Halitta na Yanzu na DC Gaba (I_F):Ja: 50 mA; Kore/Shudi: 30 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na ci gaba da aiki wanda aka ba da shawarar don dogon lokaci mai aminci.
• Kewayon Zafin Jiki:Aiki: -40°C zuwa +85°C; Ajiya: -40°C zuwa +100°C. Waɗannan suna ayyana iyakokin muhalli don aikin na'urar da ajiyar da ba ta aiki ba.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki & Gani

An auna a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na Ta=25°C da I_F=20mA, sai dai idan an lura da wani abu.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_v):Mahimmin ma'auni na fitar da haske da ake gani. Ƙananan/Ya kamata/Matsakaicin ƙimar: Ja: 560/-/1120 mcd; Kore: 1400/-/2800 mcd; Shudi: 280/-/560 mcd. Guntun kore yana nuna mafi girman fitarwa na yau da kullun.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Yawanci digiri 120. Wannan faɗin kusurwa, wanda ruwan tabarau mai rarrafe ke sauƙaƙawa, yana ba da haske mai faɗi, daidai maimakon ƙaramin katako, wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen nuni.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Ragewar wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin gudanarwa. Kewayon: Ja: 1.8V zuwa 2.6V; Kore/Shudi: 2.8V zuwa 3.8V. Ƙananan V_Fna guntun ja halayen fasahar AlInGaP ne idan aka kwatanta da InGaN (kore/shudi). Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da waɗannan bambance-bambance a cikin ƙirar da'irar direba.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P) & Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d): λ_Pshine kololuwar bakan: Ja ~630nm, Kore ~518nm, Shudi ~468nm. λ_dshine tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani, tare da ƙayyadaddun kwandon ajiya don kore (520-530nm) da shudi (465-475nm).
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 μA a V_R=5V. Ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin karkatar da baya ba; wannan siga don dalilai na gwaji ne kawai. Ana ba da shawarar kariyar da'ira (misali, resistor na jerin ko diode) idan yuwuwar wutar lantarki ta baya.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon ajiyar aiki. Wannan na'urar tana amfani da tsarin binning mai girma biyu dangane da ƙarfin haske da tsawon tsawon tsawon.

3.1 Binning Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken

Ana raba kowane guntu launi daban-daban dangane da fitar da haske a 20mA.

• Ja:Kwandon ajiya U2 (560-710 mcd), V1 (710-900 mcd), V2 (900-1120 mcd).
• Kore:Kwandon ajiya W2 (1400-1800 mcd), X1 (1800-2240 mcd), X2 (2240-2800 mcd).
• Shudi:Kwandon ajiya T1 (280-355 mcd), T2 (355-450 mcd), U1 (450-560 mcd).
• Jurewa a cikin kowane kwandon ƙarfi shine +/-11%.

3.2 Binning Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon

An yi amfani da shi ga guntun Kore da Shudi don sarrafa launi.

• Kore:Kwandon ajiya AP (520-525 nm), AQ (525-530 nm).
• Shudi:Kwandon ajiya AC (465-470 nm), AD (470-475 nm).
• Jurewa a cikin kowane kwandon tsawon tsawon shine +/-1 nm.

3.3 Haɗaɗɗen Lambar Kwandon Ajiya (Lambar A Kan Tag)

Lambar alfanumerik guda ɗaya (misali, A1, B4, D2) da aka buga akan tag ɗin reel ɗin samfurin ya haɗa kwandon ajiyar ƙarfi ga duk launuka uku da kwandon ajiyar tsawon tsawon don kore/shudi. Wannan tebur na musayar yana ba masu ƙira damar ƙayyadaddun da sayan LED tare da ƙayyadaddun halayen gani, suna tabbatar da daidaiton gani a cikin samfuran ƙarshe. Misali, lambar 'A1' tana ƙayyadaddun Ja a cikin kwandon ajiya U2, Kore a cikin kwandon ajiya W2, da Shudi a cikin kwandon ajiya T1.

4. Bayanin Injiniya & Fakitin

4.1 Girman Fakiti

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen sawun 5630. Manyan girma (a cikin milimita, jurewa ±0.2mm sai dai idan an lura) sun haɗa da tsawon jiki kusan 5.6mm, faɗin 3.0mm, da tsayi na 1.9mm. Cikakken zanen girma ya ƙayyade wuraren kafet, siffar ruwan tabarau, da alamun polarity.

4.2 Ayyukan Fil & Polarity

Tsarin kafet 6 yana ba da damar shiga kowane guntu daban: Fil 1 & 6: Shudi; Fil 2 & 5: Kore; Fil 3 & 4: Ja. Ana nuna cathode na kowane guntu a cikin zanen sawun. Dole ne a kiyaye polarity daidai yayin shimfidar PCB da haɗawa.

4.3 Shawararriyar Kafet Haɗin PCB

An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa (sawun) don tabbatar da samuwar haɗin gwiwar solder daidai, kwanciyar hankali na injiniya, da zubar da zafi yayin haɗa reflow. Yin bin wannan tsarin yana da mahimmanci don yawan haɗawa da dogon lokaci aminci.

4.4 Fakitin Tef da Reel

Ana ba da LED a cikin tef ɗin ɗaukar hoto (faɗin 12mm) wanda aka rufe da tef ɗin murfin. An nannade tef ɗin akan daidaitaccen diamita inci 7 (178mm). Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 1000. Fakitin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun EIA-481-1-B, yana tabbatar da dacewa da kayan haɗawa ta atomatik.

5. Jagororin Haɗawa & Haɗawa

5.1 Bayanin Siffar Haɗa Reflow IR

An ba da shawarar bayanin reflow don hanyoyin haɗa marasa gubar (Pb-free), wanda ya yi daidai da J-STD-020B. Wannan bayanin ya yi cikakken bayani game da mahimman sigogi: preheat, jiƙa, kololuwar zafin reflow (wanda bai kamata ya wuce matsakaicin zafin jiki na LED ba), da ƙimar sanyaya. Bin wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don hana girgizar zafi da lalacewa ga fakitin LED ko ruwan tabarau na epoxy.

5.2 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan haɗawa, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da kaushi da aka ƙayyade. Takardar bayanan ta ba da shawarar nutsar da cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Yin amfani da sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba ko masu ƙarfi na iya lalata kayan ruwan tabarau ko alamun fakiti.

5.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Fakitin da aka Rufe:LED a cikin jakar kariya daga danshi ta asali tare da busassun kayan ajiya yakamata a ajiye su a ≤30°C da ≤70% Danshi Dangi (RH). An ba da shawarar rayuwar shiryayye a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan shekara guda.
Fakitin da aka Buɗe:Da zarar an buɗe jakar shinge na danshi, yakamata a yi amfani da abubuwan da suka dace da sauri. Idan ana buƙatar ajiya, yanayin bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Bayyanawa ga mafi girman danshi na iya haifar da shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da \"popcorning\" (tsagewar fakiti) yayin haɗa reflow.

6. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace & Abubuwan Ƙira

6.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Direba

Sakamakon bambancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F) na guntun ja, kore, da shudi, ba a ba da shawarar haɗin kai mai sauƙi zuwa tushen wutar lantarki gama gari ba, saboda zai haifar da rarraba halin yanzu mara daidaituwa da haske. Hanyar da aka fi so ita ce tuƙi kowane tashar launi da kansu tare da resistor mai iyakancewa ko, don mafi kyawun daidaito da sarrafa duhu, direba na yanzu na yau da kullun ko da'irar PWM (Pulse Width Modulation).

6.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Duk da cewa watsar da wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa kaɗan, ingantaccen ƙirar zafi akan PCB har yanzu yana da mahimmanci don tsawon rai. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa kafet ɗin zafi (idan akwai) ko kafet ɗin sanyaya na'urar yana taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi, kiyaye ƙananan zafin jiki da kiyaye fitar da haske da tsawon rai.

6.3 Haɗin Gani

Ruwan tabarau mai rarrafe fari yana ba da tsarin fitarwa na Lambertian (faɗin kusurwar dubawa). Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarin haske da aka nufa, ƙila ana buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu (kamar jagororin haske ko ruwan tabarau na waje). Yanayin rarrafe yana taimakawa rage yawan wurare masu zafi kuma yana ba da kamanni iri ɗaya lokacin da aka duba kai tsaye.

7. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Tambaya: Shin zan iya tuƙi duk launuka uku (RGB) a layi daya daga wadataccen wutar lantarki 3.3V guda?
A: Ba da inganci ba. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na guntun shudi da kore (ƙananan 2.8V) yana kusa da 3.3V, yana barin ƙaramin raguwar wutar lantarki don resistor mai iyakancewa, yana sa sarrafa halin yanzu ba daidai ba kuma yana kula da bambance-bambancen wadata. Guntun ja (V_F~2.2V) zai karɓi halin yanzu mai girma mara daidaituwa. Ana ba da shawarar sarrafa halin yanzu mai zaman kansa kowane tashoshi sosai.

Tambaya: Menene bambanci tsakanin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon da Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon?
A: Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P) shine ainihin mafi girman matsayi a cikin rarraba ƙarfin bakan LED. Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d) ƙimar lissafi ce wacce ke wakiltar tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya na haske mai launi guda ɗaya wanda zai bayyana yana da launi ɗaya (launi) kamar LED ga mai kallo na ɗan adam na yau da kullun. λ_dya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.

Tambaya: Matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC shine 30mA don kore/shudi, amma matsakaicin halin yanzu na bugun jini shine 100mA. Shin zan iya amfani da PWM a 100mA?
A: Ee, amma tare da ƙayyadaddun iyakoki. Ƙimar 100mA ta shafi ne kawai a ƙarƙashin takamaiman sharuɗɗan: faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms da kuma aikin aiki na 10% (watau LED yana kunne na 0.1ms, sannan a kashe shi na 0.9ms). Matsakaicin halin yanzu bai kamata ya wuce ƙimar DC ba. Misali, bugun jini na 100mA a aikin aiki na 10% yana haifar da matsakaicin halin yanzu na 10mA, wanda yake da aminci. Wucewa faɗin bugun jini ko ƙayyadaddun aikin aiki na iya haifar da zafi mai yawa.

Tambaya: Ta yaya zan fassara Lambar Kwandon Ajiya akan lakabin reel?
A> Lambar alfanumerik (misali, C5, D1) ce ta musayar tebur a sashe na 4.1 da 4.2 na takardar bayanan. Kuna duba wannan lambar don nemo takamaiman kewayon ƙarfin haske na Ja, Kore, da Shudi, da kuma kewayon tsawon tsawon tsawon don Kore da Shudi. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa kun san ainihin halayen aikin LED akan wannan reel.

8. Ƙirar Aiki da Misalin Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar Mai Nuna Matsayi Mai Launi Da Yawa don Router na Hanyar Sadarwa.
Na'urar tana buƙatar LED don nuna wutar lantarki (kore mai tsayi), ayyukan hanyar sadarwa (kore mai walƙiya), da jihohin kuskure (ja ko shudi). LED RGB guda ɗaya kamar LTST-G563EGBW na iya cika duk waɗannan ayyukan, yana adana sararin PCB idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda uku masu zaman kansu.

Ai watar:
1. Fil ɗin GPIO na microcontroller an haɗa su zuwa transistors direba daban-daban guda uku (ko ƙwararrun IC direba LED), kowanne yana sarrafa tashar launi ɗaya na LED RGB.
2. Don \"Wutar Lantarki Kunna,\" ana tuƙi tashar kore a 10-15mA (ƙasa da matsakaicin 30mA) don bayyananniyar nuni mai haske.
4. Don \"Ayyukan Hanyar Sadarwa,\" ana kunna tashar kore ɗaya ta hanyar PWM a babban mitar don ƙirƙirar tasirin walƙiya, tare da matsakaicin halin yanzu har yanzu yana cikin iyakoki.
5. Don yanayin \"Kuskure\", ana iya haskaka tashar ja. Wani takamaiman \"Kuskure Mai Tsanani\" zai iya amfani da tashar shudi ko haɗuwa (misali, ja+shudi = magenta).
6. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 na ruwan tabarau mai rarrafe yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin matsayi daga kusurwoyi daban-daban a kusa da router.
7. Ta hanyar ƙayyadaddun lambar binning mai ƙarfi (misali, buƙatar Kore a cikin kwandon ajiya X1 da takamaiman kwandon ajiyar tsawon tsawon tsawon), mai ƙira yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin duk raka'o'in router da aka kera.

9. Gabatarwar Fasaha

Wannan LED yana amfani da manyan fasahohin kayan semiconductor guda biyu:
Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP):Ana amfani da shi don guntun ja. Wannan tsarin kayan yana da inganci don samar da haske a cikin ja zuwa sassan bakan amber kuma yawanci yana nuna ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba fiye da LED na tushen InGaN.
Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN):Ana amfani da shi don guntun kore da shudi. Ta hanyar bambanta rabon indium/gallium a cikin tsarin crystal, bandgap—don haka tsawon tsawon da aka fitar—za a iya daidaita shi. Samun ingantaccen hasken kore tare da InGaN a tarihi ya kasance mafi wahala fiye da shudi, wanda ke bayyana a cikin sigogi daban-daban na aiki (misali, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba, inganci) tsakanin guntun kore da shudi, duk da yin amfani da tushen kayan ɗaya.

Ruwan tabarau mai rarrafe fari yawanci ana yin shi da epoxy ko guduro na silicone da aka caka da barbashi masu watsawa. Wannan kayan rarrafe yana bazuwar alkiblar hasken da ƙaramin guntu ke fitarwa, yana mai da shi daga ƙaramin katako mai alkibla, zuwa tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi na Lambertian, yana sa duk saman ruwan tabarau ya bayyana daidai da haske.

10. Trends na Ci gaba

Filin SMD LED yana ci gaba da haɓaka tare da wasu mahimman hanyoyi masu dacewa da abubuwan kamar wannan:
Ƙara Ingantaccen (Lumens kowace Watt):Ci gaba da inganta a cikin girma na epitaxial, ƙirar guntu, da dabarun cire haske yana ƙara ƙarfin fitar da haske don takamaiman halin yanzu na shigarwa, yana ba da damar masu nuni masu haske ko ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki.
Daidaiton Launi & Binning:Ci gaba a cikin sarrafa tsarin samarwa yana rage bambancin halayen LED na halitta. Wannan yana ba da damar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun binning ko ma bayar da \"maras bin\", yana sauƙaƙe sarrafa kayan masana'antu kuma yana tabbatar da mafi girman daidaiton launi a cikin samfuran ƙarshe.
Ƙananan Girma & Haɗawa:Tuƙin ƙananan na'urorin lantarki yana tura LED a cikin fakiti mafi ƙanƙanta. Bugu da ƙari, haɗawa yana ƙaruwa, tare da ƙarin hadaddun fakiti masu yawa (misali, RGBW, LED masu adireshi tare da haɗaɗɗun direbobi) suna zama gama gari don sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'ira.
Kayan Dogaro Mai Ƙarfi:Haɓaka ƙarin kayan ruwan tabarau masu ƙarfi (kamar silicones masu zafi) da tsarin fakiti yana inganta juriya ga zagayowar zafi, danshi, da mawuyacin yanayi, yana faɗaɗa yuwuwar sararin aikace-aikace.