Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfur
- 2. Siffofi da Bin Ka'idoji
- 3. Iyakokin Ƙididdiga na Gabaɗaya
- 4. Halayen Lantarki da Hasken
- 4.1 Ƙarfin Hasken da Rarrabe
- 4.2 Sigogi na Tsinkaya da Lantarki
- 5. Tsarin Kunshin da Girman Injiniya
- 5.1 Mafi Muhimman Girman Kunshin (Na Al'ada)
- 5.2 Gano Polarity
- 6. Bayanin Alama da Bayanin Oda
- 7. Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin
- 8. Jagororin Sarrafawa, Ajiya, da Solder
- 8.1 Kariya daga Yawan Kwarara
- 8.2 Hancin Danshi da Ajiya
- 8.3 Tsarin Solder Reflow (Ba Mai Gubar ba)
- 8.4 Solder da Hannu da Gyara
- 9. Yankunan Aikace-aikace
- 10. Tunani na Zane da Binciken Fasaha
- 10.1 Zane na Kewayen Turawa
- 10.2 Gudanar da Zafi
- 10.3 Aikin Hasken
- 10.4 Kwatanta da Sauran Fasahohi
- 11. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQ)
- 11.1 Shin Zan iya Turawa Wannan LED Ba tare da Resistor ba?
- 11.2 Menene Bambanci tsakanin Tsinkayar Kololuwa da Tsinkayar Rinjaye?
- 11.3 Ta Yaya Zan Zaɓi Matsayin Hasken da Ya Dace (CAT)?
- 11.4 Shin Wannan LED Ya Dace da Amfani a Waje?
- 12. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki
- 13. Ka'idar Aiki
- 14. Yanayin Masana'antu da Trends
1. Bayanin Samfur
95-21UYC/S530-XX/XXX ƙaramin LED ne da aka tsara don aikace-aikacen nuni da hasken baya. Yana amfani da fasahar guntu na AlGaInP, yana fitar da hasken Super Yellow tare da kullin resin mai tsabta. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da ƙaramin ƙasa sosai idan aka kwatanta da abubuwan da ke da ginshiƙai, yana ba da damar yawan tattarawa a kan PCBs, rage girman kayan aiki, da kuma dacewa da hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik, yana tabbatar da daidaiton sanya.
2. Siffofi da Bin Ka'idoji
Ana kunshin na'urar a kan tef 12mm da aka nannade akan reel mai diamita 7-inch, wanda ya dace da na'urorin sanya atomatik na al'ada. Nau'in launi ɗaya ne, ba shi da gubar (Pb-free), kuma ya bi ka'idojin muhalli da aminci. Wannan ya haɗa da bin umarnin EU RoHS, ƙa'idodin EU REACH, da ka'idojin ba su da halogen (Bromine <900 ppm, Chlorine <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm). Samfurin kansa ana kiyaye shi cikin ƙayyadaddun RoHS.
3. Iyakokin Ƙididdiga na Gabaɗaya
Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan yanayi ba.
- Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V
- Kwararar Gaba (IF):20 mA (Ci gaba)
- Kololuwar Kwararar Gaba (IFP):60 mA (Duty Cycle 1/10 @ 1kHz)
- Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):60 mW
- Zafin Aiki (Topr):-40°C zuwa +85°C
- Zafin Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +90°C
- Fitowar Lantarki Mai Tsanani (ESD):2000 V (Samfurin Jikin Mutum)
- Zafin Solder (Tsol):Reflow: 260°C na 10 sec max; Hannu: 350°C na 3 sec max.
4. Halayen Lantarki da Hasken
Duk sigogi an ƙayyade su a zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C da kwararar gaba (IF) na 20mA, sai dai idan an faɗi.
4.1 Ƙarfin Hasken da Rarrabe
Ƙarfin hasken (Iv) an rarrabe shi zuwa matsayi (A2 zuwa A7), yana ba da zaɓuɓɓukan haske don sassauƙar zane.
- Matsayi A2:Na al'ada 496 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta 198 mcd)
- Matsayi A3:Na al'ada 714 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta 463 mcd)
- Matsayi A4:Na al'ada 892 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta 661 mcd)
- Matsayi A5:Na al'ada 1156 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta 793 mcd)
- Matsayi A6:Na al'ada 1454 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta 991 mcd)
- Matsayi A7:Na al'ada 1600 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta 1150 mcd)
4.2 Sigogi na Tsinkaya da Lantarki
- Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):25° (Na al'ada)
- Tsinkayar Kololuwa (λp):591 nm (Na al'ada)
- Tsinkayar Rinjaye (λd):589 nm (Na al'ada)
- Faɗin Tsinkaya (Δλ):15 nm (Na al'ada)
- Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):2.4 V (Na al'ada), 2.0 V (Mafi ƙanƙanta) a IF=20mA
- Kwararar Baya (IR):10 μA (Mafi girma) a VR=5V
Lura:Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki na baya 5V tana aiki don gwajin IRkawai. Ba a tsara na'urar don aiki a ƙarƙashin bias na baya ba.
5. Tsarin Kunshin da Girman Injiniya
LED yana zuwa a cikin kunshin SMD na al'ada. An ba da mahimman girmansu a cikin zane-zane daki-daki (wanda aka ambata a matsayin TR7, TR9, TR10 a cikin bayanin fasaha). Sai dai idan an ƙayyade, ƙimar girman ita ce ±0.1 mm.
5.1 Mafi Muhimman Girman Kunshin (Na Al'ada)
- Tsawon Kunshin: 2.0 mm
- Faɗin Kunshin: 1.25 mm
- Tsayin Kunshin: 0.8 mm
- Tsarin Ƙasa: An ba da jagororin zane don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da sarrafa zafi.
5.2 Gano Polarity
Ana yiwa cathode alama a kan kunshin. Yi shawarwari da cikakken zanen girman don ainihin tsarin alama.
6. Bayanin Alama da Bayanin Oda
Alamar samfurin ta haɗa da lambobi da yawa don bin sawu da ƙayyadaddun bayanai:
- CPN:Lambar Samfurin Abokin Ciniki
- P/N:Lambar Samfur (misali, 95-21UYC/S530-XX/XXX)
- LOT No:Lambar Rukunin Masana'antu
- QTY:Adadin Kunshin
- CAT:Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken (A2-A7)
- HUE:Matsayin Tsinkayar Rinjaye
- REF:Matsayin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba
7. Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin
Ana samar da abubuwan akan tef mai embossed don sarrafawa ta atomatik.
- Faɗin Tef ɗin Carrier:12 mm
- Diamita na Reel:7 inches
- Tazarar Aljihu:4.0 mm
- Adadin kowane Reel:Adadin al'ada bisa ga ƙayyadaddun EIA.
- Kunshin Gabaɗaya:Hakanan ana samun su a cikin jakunkuna na guda 1000.
8. Jagororin Sarrafawa, Ajiya, da Solder
8.1 Kariya daga Yawan Kwarara
Resistor mai iyakancewar kwarara na waje wajibi ne. Halayen V-I na LED tana da ma'ana, ma'ana ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na iya haifar da babban ƙaruwa mai lalacewa a cikin kwarara.
8.2 Hancin Danshi da Ajiya
Wannan ɓangaren yana da hancin danshi (MSL).
- Kafin buɗewa:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH.
- Bayan buɗewa:Rayuwar bene shine sa'o'i 72 a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH.
- Rebaking:Idan jakar shinge ta danshi ta lalace ko an wuce lokacin ajiya, a gasa a 60±5°C na awanni 24 kafin amfani.
8.3 Tsarin Solder Reflow (Ba Mai Gubar ba)
An ba da shawarar yanayin zafi:
- Kafin dumama:150-200°C na 60-120 seconds (max ramp 3°C/sec).
- Lokaci sama da ruwa (217°C):60-150 seconds.
- Kololuwar Zafi:260°C mafi girma, an riƙe ba fiye da 10 seconds ba.
- Lokaci sama da 255°C:Matsakaicin 30 seconds.
- Ƙimar Sanyaya:Matsakaicin 6°C/sec.
Mahimman Bayanin Kula:Kada ku wuce zagayowar reflow guda biyu. Ku guji matsin lamba na injiniya akan LED yayin dumama. Kada ku karkatar da PCB bayan solder.
8.4 Solder da Hannu da Gyara
Idan solder da hannu ba makawa ne:
- Yi amfani da ƙarfe na solder tare da zafin ƙarshe <350°C.
- Iyakance lokacin tuntuɓar zuwa 3 seconds kowane tasha.
- Yi amfani da ƙarfe mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki (<25W).
- Bari aƙalla tazarar 2 seconds tsakanin tashoshin solder.
- Ku guji gyara. Idan ya zama dole sosai, yi amfani da ƙarfe na solder mai kai biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda da rage matsin lamba na zafi. Tabbatar da aikin na'urar bayan gyara.
9. Yankunan Aikace-aikace
Wannan LED ya dace da fa'idodi masu yawa na ƙarancin wutar lantarki da ayyukan hasken baya, musamman inda sarari da nauyi ke da ƙuntatawa.
- Alamomin yanayin a cikin na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci (amfani na cikin gida).
- Hasken baya don allunan LCD, maɓallan membrane, da alamomi.
- Hasken nuni da hasken panel a cikin kayan aikin ofis (firintoci, kwafi).
- Alamomin na'urorin da ke da baturi (na'urorin sarrafa nesa, kayan aikin ɗaukuwa).
- Fitilolin yanayin kayan aikin Audio/Video.
- Hasken dashboard da canji a cikin motoci.
- Nuni da hasken baya na maɓalli a cikin na'urorin sadarwa (wayoyi, na'urorin faks).
10. Tunani na Zane da Binciken Fasaha
10.1 Zane na Kewayen Turawa
Idan aka yi la'akari da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na al'ada na 2.4V, resistor na jerin yana da mahimmanci. Ƙimar resistor (Rs) za a iya ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: Rs= (Vsupply- VF) / IF. Don samar da 5V da manufa IFna 20mA, Rs≈ (5 - 2.4) / 0.02 = 130 Ω. Ya kamata a yi amfani da resistor na al'ada 130Ω ko 150Ω tare da isasshen ƙimar wutar lantarki (P = IF2* Rs).
10.2 Gudanar da Zafi
Duk da cewa rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa (60mW max), daidaitaccen shimfidar PCB yana da mahimmanci don dogon lokacin amincin. Tabbatar cewa kushin solder suna haɗawa da isasshen yanki na tagulla don zama mai sanyaya zafi, musamman idan ana aiki kusa da mafi girman kwarara ko a manyan yanayin zafi.
10.3 Aikin Hasken
Kusurwar dubawa 25° tana ba da katako mai mai da hankali, yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen nuni da aka nufa. Launin Super Yellow (λd~589nm) yana ba da babban bambanci na gani kuma galibi ana amfani dashi don alamun taka tsantsan ko hankali.
10.4 Kwatanta da Sauran Fasahohi
Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LED na rawaya ta hanyar rami, wannan sigar SMD tana ba da raguwa sosai a cikin girma da nauyi, yana ba da damar zamani, ƙananan zane. Tsarin kayan AlGaInP yana ba da ingantacciyar inganci da ingantaccen launi don fitar da rawaya. Idan aka kwatanta da wasu LED masu fari da ake amfani da su don hasken baya, yana ba da launi mai cika ba tare da buƙatar phosphors ba, yana iya sauƙaƙa zanen gani don takamaiman buƙatun launi.
11. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQ)
11.1 Shin Zan iya Turawa Wannan LED Ba tare da Resistor ba?
No.Aiki ba tare da resistor mai iyakancewar kwarara ba kusan zai lalata LED saboda yawan kwarara, ko da tare da ƙaramin tushen ƙarfin lantarki kamar ƙwayar tsabar kudi 3V.
11.2 Menene Bambanci tsakanin Tsinkayar Kololuwa da Tsinkayar Rinjaye?
Tsinkayar Kololuwa (λp):Tsinkayar da aka fi yawan rarraba ƙarfin tsinkaya (591 nm na al'ada).Tsinkayar Rinjaye (λd):Tsinkayar guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane wanda ya dace da launin hasken (589 nm na al'ada). Don LED masu launi ɗaya kamar wannan, suna kusa sosai.
11.3 Ta Yaya Zan Zaɓi Matsayin Hasken da Ya Dace (CAT)?
Zaɓi bisa ga ƙarfin hasken da ake buƙata na aikace-aikacenku. Matsayi A2 shine mafi duhu, kuma A7 shine mafi haske. Yi la'akari da yanayin hasken yanayi da nisan dubawa. Don yanayi masu haske sosai, ƙwararrun matsayi (A5-A7) na iya zama dole.
11.4 Shin Wannan LED Ya Dace da Amfani a Waje?
Bayanin fasaha ya ƙayyade aikace-aikace a matsayin "cikin gida." Kewayon zafin aiki (-40°C zuwa +85°C) yana da faɗi, amma amfani da waje zai buƙaci ƙarin tabbacin zane don abubuwa kamar bayyanar UV, rufewar danshi, da zagayowar zafi, waɗanda ba a rufe su a cikin wannan takarda ba.
12. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki
Yanayi:Zanen alamar baturi mara ƙarfi don na'urar likita ta hannu.
- Zaɓin Bangaren:An zaɓi 95-21UYC a Matsayi A5 saboda haskensa mai haske, rawaya mai jan hankali.
- Zane na Kewayen:Ana amfani da na'urar ta hanyar mai sarrafa 3.3V. An ƙididdige resistor na jerin 47Ω: (3.3V - 2.4V) / 0.02A = 45Ω. Mafi kusancin ƙimar al'ada na 47Ω yana haifar da kwararar gaba kusan 19.1mA, wanda yake da aminci kuma yana ba da isasshen haske.
- Shimfidar PCB:Ana sanya LED kusa da nuni na na'urar. Ana haɗa kushin PCB zuwa ƙaramin zubar da tagulla a saman Layer don taimakawa wajen watsar zafi.
- Haɗawa:Ana sanya LED ta amfani da na'urar ɗauka da sanya daga reel ɗin tef 12mm kuma ana solder ta amfani da ƙayyadaddun bayanin reflow mara gubar.
- Sakamako:Alamar gargaɗin baturi mara ƙarfi mai aminci, ƙanƙanta, da bayyane.
13. Ka'idar Aiki
Wannan diode ne mai fitar da haske na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na halayensa (VF), electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na guntu na semiconductor na AlGaInP. Wannan tsarin sake haɗawa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gami na AlGaInP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana ayyana tsinkaya (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, rawaya (~589 nm). Kunshin resin mai tsabta yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau, yana siffanta fitowar haske zuwa ƙayyadaddun kusurwar dubawa 25°.
14. Yanayin Masana'antu da Trends
LED SMD kamar jerin 95-21 suna wakiltar ma'auni na masana'antu don aikace-aikacen nuni, sun maye gurbin LED ta hanyar rami saboda dacewar atomatik da ajiyar sarari. Trend din yana ci gaba zuwa ƙananan girman kunshin (misali, 0402, 0201 metric) don na'urori masu ƙanƙanta. Bugu da ƙari, akwai ƙwararren turawa a duk faɗin masana'antu don ingantaccen inganci (ƙarin fitowar haske a kowane mA na halin yanzu) da ingantaccen daidaiton launi a cikin kwandon. Bin ka'idojin ba su da halogen da RoHS yana nuna ci gaba da sadaukarwar masana'antar lantarki ga alhakin muhalli da amincin kayan. Na'urori a cikin wannan ajin sune abubuwan tushe a cikin Intanet na Abubuwa (IoT) da na'urorin lantarki masu ɗaukuwa, inda ƙanƙantawa da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki suka fi mahimmanci.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |