Takardun Bayani na SMD LED 19-217/T1D-CQ2R2TY/3T - Girman 3.2x1.6x1.1mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 2.6-3.0V - Launi Fari Tsantsa - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

19-217/T1D-CQ2R2TY/3T LED ne mai hawa a saman (SMD) wanda ke amfani da fasahar InGaN don fitar da haske fari tsantsa. An ɗora shi a cikin ƙaramin kunshi 1206 (kimanin 3.2mm x 1.6mm x 1.1mm), wannan sashi an tsara shi don aikace-aikacen PCB masu yawan ƙima inda sarari da nauyi suke da matuƙar mahimmanci. Ruwan tabarau na resin mai shawagi mai launin rawaya yana ba da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi da daidaito. Samfurin ya cika ka'idojin muhalli na zamani, kasancewar maras gubar, mai bin RoHS, mai bin REACH, kuma maras halogen (Br <900 ppm, Cl <900 ppm, Br+Cl <1500 ppm). Ana samar da shi akan tef ɗin 8mm da aka ɗora akan reels na inci 7, wanda ya sa ya dace da layukan haɗawa ta atomatik da daidaitattun hanyoyin solder na reflow na infrared ko tururi.

2. Cikakken Bayanin Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Iyaka

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R): 5 V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin karkatar da baya zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba na Ci gaba (I_F): 10 mA. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC don aiki mai dogaro.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_FP): 40 mA. Wannan yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin aiki na 1/10 a 1 kHz.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d): 40 mW. Matsakaicin wutar lantarki da kunshin zai iya watsawa a Ta=25°C.
• Zubar da Lantarki Mai Tsauri (ESD) Ƙirar Jikin Mutum (HBM): 150 V. Yana nuna matsakaicin hankali ga lantarki mai tsauri; ana buƙatar matakan kula da ESD da suka dace.
• Zazzabi na Aiki (T_opr): -40°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon yanayin zafi don aikin na'urar na yau da kullun.
• Zazzabi na Ajiya (T_stg): -40°C zuwa +90°C.
• Zazzabi na Solder (T_sol): Matsakaicin zafin jiki na solder reflow bai kamata ya wuce 260°C na dakika 10 ba. Zafin ƙarshen guntun ƙarfe na hannu bai kamata ya wuce 350°C na dakika 3 ba.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na Ta=25°C da I_F=5mA, sai dai idan an ƙayyade.

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_v): Ya kewayo daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 90.0 mcd zuwa mafi girma na 180.0 mcd. Ƙimar ta yau da kullun tana cikin wannan kewayon, wanda aka ƙara raba shi zuwa takamaiman rukuni (Q2, R1, R2).
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2): Digiri 130 (na yau da kullun). Wannan faɗaɗɗen kusurwa yana tabbatar da kyakkyawar gani daga mahanga daban-daban.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F): Ya kewayo daga 2.60 V zuwa 3.00 V a I_F=5mA. Wannan ma'aunin kuma an rarraba shi (lambobi 28-31). Ƙaramin V_Fgabaɗaya yana haifar da ingantacciyar inganci.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R): Matsakaicin 50 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya na 5V. Wannan gwajin don siffanta kawai ne; ba a tsara LED don aikin baya ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ta hanyar rarrabuwa (bins) bisa mahimman ma'auni.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Haske (Luminous Intensity Binning)

Ana rarraba na'urori zuwa rukuni uku (Q2, R1, R2) bisa gwajin ƙarfin haske a I_F=5mA. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar matakin haske da ya dace don aikace-aikacensu, tare da tabbatar da daidaiton gani a cikin allunan da ke da LED da yawa.

• Rukuni Q2: 90.0 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 112.0 mcd (Mafi girma)
• Rukuni R1: 112.0 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 140.0 mcd (Mafi girma)
• Rukuni R2: 140.0 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 180.0 mcd (Mafi girma)

3.2 Rarraba Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Forward Voltage Binning)

Hakanan ana rarraba LED ta hanyar raguwar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba zuwa ƙungiyoyi huɗu (28, 29, 30, 31). Daidaita rukunonin V_Fa cikin jerin sarkar yana taimakawa wajen samun rarraba halin yanzu da haske iri ɗaya.

• Rukuni 28: 2.60 V (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 2.70 V (Mafi girma)
• Rukuni 29: 2.70 V (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 2.80 V (Mafi girma)
• Rukuni 30: 2.80 V (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 2.90 V (Mafi girma)
• Rukuni 31: 2.90 V (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 3.00 V (Mafi girma)

3.3 Rarraba Ma'aunin Launi (Chromaticity Coordinate Binning)

An ayyana launin fari tsantsa a cikin takamaiman yankuna akan zanen ma'aunin launi na CIE 1931, tare da juzu'i na ±0.01. Takardun bayani ta ayyana rukunonin ma'aunin launi huɗu (C1, C2, C3, C4), kowanne yana ƙayyadadden yankin daidaitattun ma'auni na x da y. Wannan tsauraran sarrafawa yana tabbatar da ƙarancin bambancin launi tsakanin LED ɗaya.

4. Bincike akan Lissafin Aiki

Zanen da aka bayar yana ba da haske game da halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

• Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi: Yana nuna cewa fitar da haske yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu amma yana iya cika ko lalacewa a halin yanzu mai yawa fiye da matsakaicin ƙimar da aka ƙayyade.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lissafin I-V): Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni, mai mahimmanci don ƙirar kewayawa masu iyakance halin yanzu.
• Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi vs. Yanayin Zafi na Muhalli: Yana kwatanta yadda fitar da haske ke raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi. Gudanar da zafi mai inganci shine mabuɗin kiyaye haske.
• Lissafin Rage Halin Yanzu na Gaba: Yana ƙayyadadden matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka halatta a matsayin aikin yanayin zafi don hana yin zafi sosai.
• Zanen Rarraba Haske: Zanen polar da ke nuna rarraba ƙarfin haske a sarari, yana tabbatar da kusurwar kallo na digiri 130.
• Rarraba Bakan Haske: Zanen da ke nuna ƙarfin dangi akan tsawon zango, yana nuna kololuwar tsawon zango da faɗin bakan na hasken fari da aka fitar.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Kunshi

LED yana bin daidaitaccen sawun SMD 1206. Manyan girma (a cikin mm, juzu'i ±0.1mm sai dai idan an lura) sun haɗa da tsawon jiki na 3.2, faɗi na 1.6, da tsayi na 1.1. An yiwa tashoshin anode da cathode alama a sarari akan kunshin. An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa na PCB (zane na kushin) don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

5.2 Gano Ƙarshen Lantarki (Polarity)

Ana yiwa gefen cathode na LED alama, sau da yawa tare da launin kore ko tsaga a cikin kunshin. Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen ƙarshen lantarki yayin haɗawa don tabbatar da aikin da ya dace.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Tsarin Solder na Reflow

An ba da shawarar tsarin reflow maras gubar: Preheating tsakanin 150-200°C na dakika 60-120, sannan a haɓaka. Lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (217°C) ya kamata ya zama dakika 60-150, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba na matsakaicin dakika 10. Matsakaicin ƙimar haɓaka shine 3°C/sec, kuma matsakaicin ƙimar sanyaya shine 6°C/sec. Kada a yi reflow fiye da sau biyu.

6.2 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

Ana kunna LED a cikin jakar shinge mai hankali ga danshi tare da desiccant. Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya abubuwan don amfani. Bayan buɗewa, sassan da ba a yi amfani da su ba ya kamata a adana su a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH kuma a yi amfani da su cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7). Idan wannan lokacin ya wuce ko mai nuna desiccant ya canza launi, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60±5°C na awanni 24 kafin amfani.

6.3 Bayanin Kula akan Zanen Kewayawa

Mahimmanci:Dole ne a ko da yaushe a yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a waje tare da LED. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana da ma'auni mara kyau na zafin jiki, ma'ana ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki zai iya haifar da babban ƙaruwa, mai yuwuwar lalacewa a cikin halin yanzu idan ba a iyakance shi da kyau ta hanyar resistor ba.

7. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

Ana samar da samfurin a cikin kunshi mai juriya ga danshi. Ana sanya abubuwan a cikin tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya mai zane tare da girma da aka ƙayyade don daidaitaccen faɗi na 8mm. Ana nannade tef ɗin akan reel mai diamita inci 7, tare da guda 3000 a kowace reel. Reel da alamun jakar sun ƙunshi mahimman bayanai: Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Samfur (P/N), Yawa (QTY), Matsayin Ƙarfin Haske (CAT), Matsayin Launi (HUE), Matsayin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (REF), da Lambar Rukuni (LOT No).

8. Shawarwari don Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Haskakawa na Baya: Ya dace don alamun dashboard, haskakawar maɓalli, da haskakawar alama na baya saboda faɗaɗɗen kusurwar kallonsa da haske iri ɗaya.
• Kayan Aikin Sadarwa: Alamomin matsayi da haskakawar maɓalli a cikin na'urori kamar wayoyi da na'urorin faks.
• Haskakawar Baya ta LCD Leɓe: Ana iya amfani da shi a cikin jeri don samar da haskakawar baya mai haske ga ƙananan allunan LCD.
• Alama ta Gabaɗaya: Duk wani aikace-aikace da ke buƙatar ƙaramin, abin dogaro, da haske mai haske na matsayi.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi la'akari da su a Zane

• Turawa Halin Yanzu: Koyaushe a yi aiki a ko ƙasa da shawarar halin yanzu na ci gaba na 10mA. Yi amfani da resistor na jerin gwano da aka ƙidaya bisa ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (ta amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga rukunin don zane mai ra'ayin mazan jiya).
• Gudanar da Zafi: Duk da kunshin yana da ƙanƙanta, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko ramukan zafi idan ana aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko manyan ayyukan aiki don sarrafa zafin haɗin gwiwa da kiyaye fitar da haske da tsawon rai.
• Kariya daga ESDAiwatar da ainihin kariya daga ESD akan layukan shigarwa idan LED yana cikin yankin da mai amfani zai iya isa, idan aka yi la'akari da ƙimar sa na 150V HBM.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da manyan nau'ikan LED na ginshiƙan jagora, SMD LED 19-217 yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci: ƙaramin sawu wanda ke ba da damar yawan tattarawa da ƙanƙanta, rage nauyi, da dacewa da cikakkun hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik wanda ke rage farashin masana'antu. Haɗin takamaiman sa na launin fari tsantsa (ta hanyar InGaN), tsarin rarrabuwa da aka ƙayyade da kyau, da bin sabbin ka'idojin muhalli (Maras Halogen, REACH) sun sa ya zama zaɓi mai dacewa don ƙirar lantarki na zamani, masu hankali ga muhalli waɗanda ke buƙatar daidaitaccen aikin gani.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

10.1 Me yasa dole ne a yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu?

LED na'urori ne masu turawa halin yanzu. Halayensu na I-V yana da tsauri sosai; ƙaramin canji a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana haifar da babban canji a cikin halin yanzu. Ba tare da resistor na jerin gwano don saita halin yanzu ba, guduwar zafi na iya faruwa, wanda zai haifar da gazawar nan take ko rage tsawon rai.

10.2 Zan iya amfani da wannan LED don haskakawa na ci gaba?

Ee, an tsara shi don aiki na ci gaba har zuwa 10mA. Tabbatar cewa yanayin yanayi da shimfidar PCB sun ba da damar isasshen watsa zafi don kiyaye haske akan lokaci.

10.3 Menene ma'anar lambobin rarrabuwa (misali, /CQ2R2TY) a cikin lambar sashi?

Waɗannan lambobin suna ƙayyadadden rukunonin ayyukan da aka garantince don wannan oda na musamman. Suna ayyana kewayon ƙarfin haske (misali, R2), kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, da ma'auni na launi, suna tabbatar da cewa kuna karɓar LED tare da halaye masu ƙarfi.

10.4 Ta yaya zan fassara zanen ma'aunin launi na CIE a cikin takardun bayani?

Zanen yana nuna gamut na fahimtar launi na ɗan adam. Ƙananan akwatunan huɗu da aka zana a kai suna wakiltar bambancin launi da aka yarda da shi (rukuni C1-C4) don wannan LED "fari tsantsa". Duk raka'o'in da aka samar za su faɗi cikin ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan yankuna da aka ayyana.

11. Nazarin Aikin Zane na Aiki

Yanayi:Zanen panel iko tare da alamomin matsayi na LED fari 10 waɗanda aka kunna daga layin dogo na 5V.
Mataki na 1 - Zaɓin Halin Yanzu:Zaɓi halin yanzu na turawa na 5mA (yanayin gwaji) don kyakkyawan haske da tsawon rai.
Mataki na 2 - Lissafin Resistor:Yin amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga Rukuni 31 (3.00V) don zane mai ra'ayin mazan jiya: R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F= (5V - 3.0V) / 0.005A = 400 Ω. Resistor na daidaitaccen 390 Ω ko 430 Ω zai dace.
Mataki na 3 - Matsayin Wutar Lantarki:Rushewar wutar lantarki na Resistor: P = I²* R = (0.005)²* 400 = 0.01W. Resistor na daidaitaccen 1/10W (0.1W) ya fi isa.
Mataki na 4 - Shimfidawa:Sanya LED tare da daidaitaccen alkibla. Idan sarari ya ba da damar, ƙara ƙananan kushin taimakon zafi da aka haɗa zuwa filin ƙasa don taimakawa wajen watsa zafi.

12. Ƙa'idar Aiki

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan fasahar semiconductor na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce kofa na diode, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na guntun semiconductor, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin yadudduka na InGaN an ƙera shi don samar da photons waɗanda, lokacin da aka haɗa su da canjin haske daga phosphor rawaya a cikin kunshin (wanda guntun LED shuɗi ya tada), ya haifar da fahimtar hasken "fari tsantsa". An sami faɗaɗɗen kusurwar kallo ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na resin rawaya mai shawagi wanda ke watsa hasken.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Kasuwar SMD LED kamar kunshin 1206 na ci gaba da haɓakawa zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin lumens a kowace watt), ingantaccen ma'auni na nuna launi (CRI) don LED fari, har ma da ƙananan girman kunshi (misali, 0805, 0603) don ba da damar ƙarin ƙanƙanta. Hakanan akwai ƙwararren ƙoƙarin masana'antu zuwa mafi girman dogaro da tsawon rayuwar aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi mafi faɗi. Haɗa kan daidaita halin yanzu ko fasalulluka na kariya a cikin kunshin LED da kansa wani sabon salo ne don sauƙaƙe ƙirar direba.