Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
- 1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali
- 1.2 Kasuwa da Aikace-aikace
- 2. Zurfin Binciken Sigogi na Fasaha
- 2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici
- 2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Hasken Gani
- 3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabe (Bin)
- 3.1 Matsayin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF)
- 3.2 Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (Iv)
- 3.3 Matsayin Launi (Kala)
- 4. Bincike akan Lanƙwan Aiki
- 4.1 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwan I-V)
- 4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken Gani vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba
- 4.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki
- 5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi
- 5.1 Girman Marufi
- 5.2 Tsarin Ƙafar PCB da Aka Ba da Shawara
- 5.3 Gano Polarity
- 6. Jagororin Haɗa Gabaɗaya da Haɗawa
- 6.1 Sigogi na Haɗa Gabaɗaya ta IR (Tsarin Maras Gubar)
- 6.2 Haɗa Gabaɗaya da Hannu
- 6.3 Yanayin Ajiya da Sarrafawa
- 6.4 Tsaftacewa
- 7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda
- 7.1 Sigogi na Tef da Reeli
- 7.2 Fassarar Lambar Bangare
- 8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira
- 8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
- 8.2 Gudanar da Zafin Jiki
- 8.3 Ƙirar Hasken Gani
- 9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
- 10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Bisa Sigogi na Fasaha)
- 11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki
- 12. Gabatarwa kan Ƙa'idar Aiki
- 13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin
1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakken bayanin fasaha na LTW-C19BZDS2-NB, fitilar LED mai haɗawa ta saman (SMD). An ƙera wannan ɓangaren don haɗa allon da'ira (PCB) ta atomatik kuma ya dace da aikace-aikacen da sarari ya zama matsala. LED tana amfani da guntu fari na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) mai haske sosai a matsayin tushen haskenta, wanda aka sanya a cikin fakitin da ke da ruwan tabarau rawaya da hular baki. Ya bi ka'idojin Hana Abubuwa Masu Haɗari (RoHS).
1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali
Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da siririnsa sosai, wanda ke sauƙaƙa shigar da shi cikin na'urori sirara. Ana tattara shi a kan tef mai nisan milimita 8 a kan reeli mai diamita inci 7, wanda ya sa ya dace da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanya na atomatik masu sauri da ake amfani da su wajen kera kayan lantarki na zamani. An ƙera na'urar don ta dace da hanyoyin haɗa gabaɗaya ta infrared (IR), wanda shine ma'auni don haɗa fasahar haɗawa ta saman. Halayensa na lantarki sun dace da Da'irar Haɗaka (I.C.), wanda ke sauƙaƙa ƙirar da'irar tuƙi.
1.2 Kasuwa da Aikace-aikace
An yi niyya ga wannan LED ga masana'antun kayan lantarki iri-iri. Babban aikace-aikacensa sun haɗa da, amma ba'a iyakance su ga:
- Kayan Sadarwa:Alamun yanayi akan na'urorin hanyar sadarwa, modem, da wayoyin hannu.
- Sarrafa Ofis:Hasken baya don maɓallan laptop, na'urorin lissafi, da allunan sarrafawa.
- Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani da Na'urorin Gida:Fitilolin yanayin wutar lantarki, alamun aiki.
- Kayan Aikin Masana'antu:Alamun allon da fitilolin yanayin inji.
- Ƙananan Nuni da Fitilu na Alama:Ƙananan hasken bayanai.
2. Zurfin Binciken Sigogi na Fasaha
Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani, mai ma'ana game da mahimman sigogin aikin LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji na yau da kullun (Ta=25°C).
2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici
Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a nufin ci gaba da aiki ba.
- Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):70 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da fakitin LED zai iya watsawa a matsayin zafi.
- Ci gaba da Gaba Gaba (IF):20 mA DC. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai tsayayye da za a iya amfani da shi.
- Kololuwar Ƙarfin Gaba:100 mA, ana yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms) don hana yin zafi sosai.
- Matsakaicin Fitowar Lantarki (ESD) (HBM):2000V. Wannan ƙimar Tsarin Jikin Mutum tana nuna matsakaicin matakin hankali na ESD; ana buƙatar hanyoyin sarrafawa da suka dace.
- Kewayon Yanayin Zafin Aiki:-20°C zuwa +80°C. Kewayon yanayin zafin da ake amfani da shi don aiki mai dogaro.
- Kewayon Yanayin Zafin Ajiya:-30°C zuwa +100°C.
- Yanayin Haɗa Gabaɗaya ta Infrared:Yana jurewa matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10, wanda shine ma'auni don hanyoyin haɗa gabaɗaya marasa gubar (Pb-free).
2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Hasken Gani
Ana tabbatar da waɗannan sigogi a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji da aka ƙayyade (yawanci IF = 2mA).
- Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (Iv):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 11.0 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 45.0 mcd, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 28.0 mcd. Ana auna ƙarfin ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don dacewa da lanƙwan amsawar ido na CIE photopic.
- Kusurwar Kallo (2θ1/2):Digiri 80. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin hasken gani ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar axial ɗinsa, wanda ke ayyana yaduwar hasken.
- Ma'auni na Launi (x, y):Kusan (0.31, 0.31) akan zanen launi na CIE 1931. Wannan yana ayyana launin farin LED. Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.01 ga waɗannan ma'auni.
- Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Tsakanin 2.50V da 3.00V a 2mA, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 2.70V. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da ake gudanar da ƙarfin lantarki.
- Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5.0V zuwa 9.0V.Muhimmin Bayanin Kula:Wannan sigogi ne don gwajin IR kawai. Ba a ƙera na'urar don aiki a ƙarƙashin jujjuyawar baya ba.
- Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 10 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya na 5V.
3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabe (Bin)
Ana rarraba LED bayan samarwa bisa mahimman sigogi don tabbatar da daidaito. Ana yiwa alamar bin akan marufi.
3.1 Matsayin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF)
An rarraba shi a IF=2mA. Lambobin bin (10, A10, B10, B11, 12) suna wakiltar ƙarfin lantarki daga 2.50-2.60V zuwa 2.90-3.00V, tare da jurewar ±0.1V a kowane bin.
3.2 Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (Iv)
An rarraba shi a IF=2mA. Lambobin bin L, M, N suna wakiltar ƙarfin hasken gani: 11.0-18.0 mcd, 18.0-28.0 mcd, da 28.0-45.0 mcd bi da bi, tare da jurewar ±15% a kowane bin.
3.3 Matsayin Launi (Kala)
An ayyana shi ta ma'auni na launi (x, y) akan zanen CIE 1931 a IF=2mA. Lambobin bin S1, S2, S3, S5 suna ayyana takamaiman yankuna huɗu akan zanen launi, suna tabbatar da cewa LED a cikin bin ɗaya suna da launin fari iri ɗaya. Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.01 ga ma'auni.
4. Bincike akan Lanƙwan Aiki
Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwan a cikin takardar bayanin (Hoto na 1, Hoto na 5), ana yin binciken nan bisa bayanan tebur da aka bayar da kuma halayen LED na yau da kullun.
4.1 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwan I-V)
An ƙayyade ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) a ƙaramin ƙarfin gwaji na 2mA. Ga LED na InGaN na yau da kullun, VF yana nuna alaƙa ta logarithmic tare da ƙarfin lantarki. Yin aiki a matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na ci gaba na 20mA zai haifar da VF mafi girma fiye da ƙimar yau da kullun na 2.70V da aka jera a 2mA. Dole ne masu ƙira su koma ko samar da cikakken lanƙwan I-V don ƙididdige madaidaicin resistor na jerin ko ƙarfin lantarki na tuƙi mai tsayayye.
4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken Gani vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba
Ƙarfin hasken gani (Iv) ya dogara sosai da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Ƙimar Iv da aka ƙayyade tana a 2mA. Ƙarfin yawanci yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfi tare da ƙarfin lantarki kafin ya iya cika a manyan ƙarfin lantarki saboda zafi da raguwar inganci. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na ci gaba na 20mA yana nuna cewa za a iya tuƙa na'urar da ƙarfi fiye da yanayin gwaji don samar da mafi girma, amma wannan zai ƙara watsawar wutar lantarki da zafin haɗin gwiwa, wanda zai iya shafar rayuwa da kwanciyar hankali na launi.
4.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki
Kewayon yanayin zafin aiki shine -20°C zuwa +80°C. Kamar duk LED, aikin wannan na'urar yana da hankali ga zafin jiki. Yawanci, ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin jiki (mummunan ƙimar zafin jiki). Mafi mahimmanci, fitar da haske (Iv) gabaɗaya yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar tsayayyen fitar da haske, sarrafa zafin jiki na PCB da la'akari da yanayin aikin LED yana da mahimmanci.
5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi
5.1 Girman Marufi
Takardar bayanin ta ƙunshi cikakken zanen girma. Muhimman bayanin kula: duk girma yana cikin milimita, kuma ma'aunin yau da kullun shine ±0.1 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade. An ƙera ƙafar jiki don zama daidaitaccen fakitin EIA don dacewa.
5.2 Tsarin Ƙafar PCB da Aka Ba da Shawara
An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa (tsarin ƙafar) don PCB don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗa gabaɗaya da daidaitawar da ta dace yayin aikin sake kwarara. Bin wannan shawarar yana taimakawa wajen cimma ingantattun fillet ɗin haɗa gabaɗaya da ƙarfin injiniya.
5.3 Gano Polarity
Zanen takardar bayanin yana nuna alamun cathode da anode akan na'urar. Dole ne a kiyaye polarity daidai yayin haɗawa, saboda amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya zai iya lalata LED.
6. Jagororin Haɗa Gabaɗaya da Haɗawa
6.1 Sigogi na Haɗa Gabaɗaya ta IR (Tsarin Maras Gubar)
An ba da shawarar cikakken bayanin sake kwarara. Muhimman sigogi sun haɗa da yankin pre-heat (150-200°C), lokacin pre-heat (matsakaicin dakika 120), matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin sama da 260°C an iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin dakika 10. LED na iya jure wannan bayanin har sau biyu kawai. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa mafi kyawun bayanin ya dogara da takamaiman haɗawar PCB; ana ba da shawarar siffanta matakin allon.
6.2 Haɗa Gabaɗaya da Hannu
Idan haɗa gabaɗaya da hannu ya zama dole, ya kamata a yi shi tare da zafin ƙarshen guntun haɗa gabaɗaya wanda bai wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin haɗa gabaɗaya ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin dakika 3. Ya kamata a yi haka sau ɗaya kawai.
6.3 Yanayin Ajiya da Sarrafawa
Kula da ESD:Na'urar tana da matakin ESD na 2000V (HBM). Sarrafawa tare da igiyoyin wuyan hannu masu hana tashin hankali da kuma akan kayan aiki masu tushe da suka dace wajibi ne don hana lalacewa daga fitar da lantarki.
Hankalin Danshi:Ana tattara LED a cikin jakar shinge na danshi tare da desiccant. Da zarar an buɗe asalin jakar da aka rufe, ɓangarorin suna da iyakataccen rayuwa a ƙasa (MSL 3). Ana ba da shawarar kammala sake kwarara na IR cikin mako guda bayan fallasa. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci bayan buɗewa, yi baking a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin haɗa gabaɗaya, ko adana a cikin yanayin da aka rufe, bushewa (misali, tare da desiccant ko nitrogen).
Yanayin Ajiya:Kayan da ba a buɗe ba ya kamata a adana su a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH. Kayan da aka buɗe ko ɓangarorin ya kamata a adana su a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH.
6.4 Tsaftacewa
Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan haɗa gabaɗaya, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Nitsar LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya ana yarda da shi. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata kayan fakitin.
7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda
7.1 Sigogi na Tef da Reeli
Ana ba da LED akan tef mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin milimita 8 da aka yi wa ado a kan reeli mai diamita inci 7 (178mm). Matsakaicin adadin reeli shine guda 4000. Ana samun mafi ƙarancin adadin tattarawa na guda 500 don sauran oda. Marufin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA 481. Tef ɗin yana da tef ɗin rufewa don rufe aljihun ɓangaren.
7.2 Fassarar Lambar Bangare
Lambar bangare LTW-C19BZDS2-NB ta ƙunshi bayanan da aka ɓoye game da dangin samfur, launi, da zaɓin bin na musamman (mai yiwuwa don ƙarfi da launi). Ainihin fassarar ta mallakar kamfani ne, amma tana gano wannan bambance-bambancen na musamman tare da ruwan tabarau rawaya/hular baki da guntu fari na InGaN.
8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira
8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
Mafi yawan hanyar tuƙi ita ce resistor na jerin mai sauƙi don iyakance ƙarfin lantarki. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor (R) kamar R = (Vsupply - VF) / IF, inda VF shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a ƙarfin lantarki na aiki da ake so (IF). Don tsayayyen ƙarfin lantarki akan bambancin VF ko ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ana ba da shawarar direba mai ƙarfin lantarki mai tsayayye (layi ko sauyawa), musamman don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai daidaito.
8.2 Gudanar da Zafin Jiki
Tare da matsakaicin watsawar wutar lantarki na 70mW, ƙirar zafin jiki yana da mahimmanci don dogaro. Tabbatar cewa PCB tana da isasshen yankin tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa ƙafafun LED don zama mai sanyaya zafi. Guji yin aiki a matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki a cikin manyan yanayin zafin jiki ba tare da kimanta sakamakon zafin haɗin gwiwa ba.
8.3 Ƙirar Hasken Gani
Kusurwar kallo digiri 80 tana ba da haske mai faɗi, wanda ya dace da fitilun nuni da hasken baya inda ake buƙatar haske daidai a kan yanki. Don ƙarin haske mai mai da hankali, za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau).
9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
Babban abin da ya bambanta wannan LED a cikin ajinsa shine haɗuwar guntu fari na InGaN (yawanci yana ba da inganci mafi girma da ingantaccen launi fiye da tsofaffin fasahohin phosphor akan shuɗi a wasu fannoni), takamaiman fakitin ruwan tabarau rawaya/hular baki don dalilai na ado ko tace haske, da cikakken tsarin rarrabe don daidaiton launi da ƙarfi. Matsakaicin ƙimar wutar lantarki na 70mW da ikon ƙarfin lantarki na 20mA sun zama ma'auni ga ƙananan LED na SMD, suna sanya shi don amfani da alamar gabaɗaya.
10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Bisa Sigogi na Fasaha)
Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED da dabaru 3.3V?
A: I. Tare da VF na yau da kullun na 2.7V a 2mA, ana iya amfani da resistor na jerin mai sauƙi tare da samar da 3.3V. Ƙididdige ƙimar resistor bisa ƙarfin lantarki na aiki da kuke so.
Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin bin na Iv (L, M, N)?
A: Suna wakiltar matakan fitar da haske daban-daban da aka tabbatar. Bin N yana ba da mafi girman ƙarfi (28-45 mcd), yayin da Bin L shine mafi ƙanƙanta (11-18 mcd). Zaɓi bisa buƙatar hasken aikace-aikacenku.
Q: Shin diode na kariya na baya yana da mahimmanci?
A: Yayin da LED zai iya jure ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki na baya (10 μA matsakaici a 5V), ba a ƙera shi don aikin baya ba. A cikin da'irori inda ƙarfin lantarki na baya zai yiwu (misali, haɗin AC, kayan aiki masu jan hankali), ana ba da shawarar diode na kariya na waje a layi daya da LED (cathode zuwa anode) sosai.
Q: Ta yaya zan fassara ma'auni na Bin Hue?
A: Bin S1, S2, S3, S5 suna ayyana yankuna akan zanen launi na CIE. LED a cikin bin ɗaya za su yi kama da launin fari a ido. Don aikace-aikacen da dacewar launi tsakanin LED da yawa ke da mahimmanci, ƙayyadaddun bin hue mai matuƙa yana da mahimmanci.
11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki
Yanayi: Ƙirar alamar yanayi don na'urar hanyar sadarwa ta masu amfani.
LED yana buƙatar nuna "wutar lantarki tana kunne" da "aikin hanyar sadarwa." Ana yawan amfani da haske kore mai tsayayye don wutar lantarki, amma ana iya amfani da wannan LED fari a bayan mai watsawa mai launi ko don kyan gani na hasken fari na zamani.
Matakan Ƙira:
1. Da'irar Tuƙi:Yi amfani da layin dogo na 3.3V na na'urar hanyar sadarwa. Yi niyya ga ƙarfin lantarki na aiki na 10mA don kyakkyawan gani ba tare da cire wutar lantarki mai yawa ba. Da zaton VF na 2.8V (ƙididdiga mai hankali), ƙididdige resistor na jerin: R = (3.3V - 2.8V) / 0.01A = 50 Ohms. Yi amfani da resistor na yau da kullun na 51-ohm.
2. Zafin Jiki:Rushewar wutar lantarki: Pd = VF * IF = 2.8V * 0.01A = 28mW, ƙasa da matsakaicin 70mW.
3. Tsarin PCB:Bi tsarin ƙafar da aka ba da shawara daga takardar bayanin. Ƙara ɗan ƙaramin tagulla a kusa da ƙafafun don watsa zafi.
4. Zaɓin Bangare:Yi oda daga Bin M ko N don isasshen haske. Ƙayyade Bin Hue mai daidaito (misali, S2) idan ana amfani da raka'a da yawa a cikin nau'ikan na'urorin hanyar sadarwa daban-daban don tabbatar da dacewar launi.
12. Gabatarwa kan Ƙa'idar Aiki
Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan guntu semiconductor da aka yi da InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n na wannan abu, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin InGaN yana aiki don fitar da haske a cikin bakan shuɗi ko kusa da ultraviolet. Don ƙirƙirar hasken fari, ana haɗa wannan fitarwa na farko tare da rufin phosphor a cikin fakitin. Phosphor yana ɗaukar wasu hasken shuɗi kuma yana sake fitar da shi a tsayin raƙuman ruwa (rawaya, ja), yana haɗuwa da sauran hasken shuɗi don samar da hasken fari. Ruwan tabarau rawaya na iya ƙara gyara fitarwar bakan ko samar da watsawa.
13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin
LED na fari na tushen InGaN suna wakiltar ci gaba mai mahimmanci a cikin hasken ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki. Manyan trends na masana'antu masu dacewa da wannan ɓangaren sun haɗa da:
Ƙara Ingantacciyar Aiki:Binciken kimiyyar kayan aiki na ci gaba yana nufin inganta ingantaccen ƙididdiga na ciki (IQE) na guntu da ingantaccen jujjuyawar phosphor, wanda ke haifar da mafi girman lumens kowace watt (lm/W).
Haɓakar gaurayawan phosphor da sabbin kayan phosphor don inganta Ma'aunin Fitar da Launi (CRI), yana sa hasken fari ya zama kamar na halitta.Ƙananan Girma:
Ƙoƙarin na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani masu sirara da ƙanana yana ci gaba da turawa don LED tare da ƙananan ƙafafu da ƙananan bayanai, kamar "super sirara" halayen wannan na'urar.Dogaro da Rayuwa:
Haɓakar kayan marufi da sarrafa zafin jiki suna tsawaita rayuwar aikin LED na SMD, suna sa su dace da ƙarin aikace-aikace masu wahala. Cikakkun jagororin ajiya da sarrafawa a cikin wannan takardar bayanin suna nuna mayar da hankali na masana'antu kan kiyaye dogaro ta hanyar sarkar wadata.Improvements in packaging materials and thermal management are extending the operational lifetime of SMD LEDs, making them suitable for more demanding applications. The detailed storage and handling guidelines in this datasheet reflect the industry's focus on maintaining reliability through the supply chain.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |