Bayanin Fasaha na LTST-N682VSQEWT SMD LED - Ruwan Tabarau Mai Watsawa Fari - AlInGaP Biyu Rai/Raɗa - 20mA - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyane na Samfur

LTST-N682VSQEWT na'urar haɗawa ta saman (SMD) ce ta haske (LED) da aka tsara don haɗa allon da'ira (PCB) ta atomatik. An siffanta ta da ƙaramin girmanta, wanda ya sa ta dace da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari. Na'urar tana da ruwan tabarau fari mai watsawa wanda ke ɗauke da guntu biyu masu zaman kansu na semiconductor: ɗaya yana fitar da hasken rawaya ɗayan kuma yana fitar da hasken ja, duka sun dogara ne akan fasahar Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP). Wannan tsarin guntu biyu yana ba da damar yanayin nuni da yawa daga fakiti ɗaya.

1.1 Siffofi

• Yarjejeniya da umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari).
• An tattara shi a cikin tef na milimita 8 akan reels masu diamita inci 7 don kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik.
• Madaidaicin tsarin fakiti na EIA (Ƙungiyar Masana'antu na Lantarki).
• Matsakaicin tuƙi masu dacewa da da'irar haɗawa (IC).
• Cikakken dacewa da hanyoyin siyar da reflow na infrared (IR).
• An riga an shirya shi zuwa Matakin Hatsarin Danshi na JEDEC (Majalisar Injiniyan Kayan Lantarki) 3.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Manufa

Wannan LED an yi niyya ne don ɗimbin kayan lantarki na mabukaci da na masana'antu inda ake buƙatar ingantaccen nuni na yanayi ko hasken baya. Yankunan aikace-aikace na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Kayan aikin sadarwa (misali, wayoyin mara igiya, wayoyin salula).
• Na'urori na sarrafa ofis (misali, kwamfutocin littafin rubutu, tsarin hanyar sadarwa).
• Kayan aikin gida da allunan nuni na cikin gida.
• Masu nuna yanayi na gabaɗaya, fitilun sigina, da hasken baya na gaban allon.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Dole ne kada a wuce waɗannan iyakoki a ƙarƙashin kowane yanayi na aiki, saboda yin hakan na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. An ƙayyade ƙimar a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):75 mW a kowane guntu (Rawayu da Ja). Wannan ma'auni yana ayyana matsakaicin wutar lantarki da LED zai iya watsawa azaman zafi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba na Gaba (I_FP):100 mA don Rawayu, 80 mA don Ja. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin igiyar ruwa da aka yarda, yawanci ana bayyana shi a cikin zagayowar aiki 1/10 da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms, ana amfani da shi don ɗan gajeren walƙiya mai ƙarfi.
• DC Halin Gaba na Gaba (I_F):30 mA don duka launuka biyu. Wannan shine matsakaicin ci gaba da ake ba da shawarar don aiki na yau da kullun.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-40°C zuwa +85°C. An tabbatar da cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin muhalli.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +100°C. Ana iya adana na'urar ba tare da amfani da wutar lantarki ba a cikin waɗannan iyakoki.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki-Optical

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a Ta=25°C da ƙarfin gaba (I_F) na 20 mA, wanda shine daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_V):Ma'auni na ƙarfin hasken da aka gane. Don guntun Rawayu, mafi ƙarancin shine 710 mcd, ba a ƙayyade na yau da kullun ba, kuma matsakaici shine 1800 mcd. Don guntun Ja, mafi ƙarancin shine 560 mcd, ba a ƙayyade na yau da kullun ba, kuma matsakaici shine 1400 mcd. Faɗin kusurwar kallo (2θ_1/2= 120° na yau da kullun) yana haifar da watsawa mai faɗi, yanki mai faɗi maimakon ƙunƙun katako.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P):Tsawon zango inda ƙarfin fitarwa na gani ya fi girma. Ƙimar yau da kullun sune 590 nm (Rawayu) da 630 nm (Ja).
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):Tsawon zango guda ɗaya wanda ke ayyana launin da aka gani. Guntun Rawayu ya kewayo daga 585 nm zuwa 595 nm. Guntun Ja ya kewayo daga 617 nm zuwa 627 nm. Haƙuri shine ±1 nm.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Faɗin bakan da aka fitar a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfi. Ƙimar yau da kullun shine 20 nm don duka launuka biyu, yana nuna launukan bakan da aka tsarkake.
• Ƙarfin Gaba na Gaba (V_F):Faɗin wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da 20 mA. Ya kewayo daga 1.7 V (min) zuwa 2.5 V (max) don duka guntu. Haƙuri shine ±0.1 V.
• Halin Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 µA a ƙarfin baya (V_R) na 5V. Wannan ma'auni ne kawai don dalilai na gwajin infrared; ba a tsara na'urar don aiki a ƙarƙashin bambance-bambancen baya ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon aiki. LTST-N682VSQEWT yana amfani da tsarin rarrabuwa mai girma biyu dangane da ƙarfin haske da tsawon zango mai rinjaye.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_V)

Don Guntun Rawayu:

Lambar Kwandon U: 710 mcd zuwa 965 mcd

Lambar Kwandon V: 965 mcd zuwa 1315 mcd

Lambar Kwandon W: 1315 mcd zuwa 1800 mcd

Haƙuri akan kowane kwandon shine ±11%.

Don Guntun Ja:

Lambar Kwandon T: 560 mcd zuwa 760 mcd

Lambar Kwandon U: 760 mcd zuwa 1030 mcd

Lambar Kwandon V: 1030 mcd zuwa 1400 mcd

Haƙuri akan kowane kwandon shine ±11%.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Tsawon Tsawon (W_d)

Don Guntun Rawayu Kawai:

Lambar Kwandon J: 585 nm zuwa 590 nm

Lambar Kwandon K: 590 nm zuwa 595 nm

Haƙuri akan kowane kwandon shine ±1 nm.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Bayanin fasaha yana nuni zuwa lanƙwasa halaye na yau da kullun waɗanda ke kwatanta alaƙar tsakanin maɓuɓɓuka masu mahimmanci. Duk da yake ba a sake yin takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutu ba, ana nazarin abubuwan da suke haifarwa a ƙasa.

• Lanƙwasa I-V (Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki-Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki):Wannan lanƙwasa zai nuna alaƙar ma'auni tsakanin ƙarfin gaba (V_F) da ƙarfin gaba (I_F). Matsakaicin V na yau da kullun_Fkewayon 1.7-2.5V a 20mA yana nuna buƙatar ƙarfin tuƙi don ƙirar da'ira.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken vs. Ƙarfin Gaba:Wannan lanƙwasa yawanci yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana ƙaruwa kusan layi tare da ƙarfin har zuwa matsakaicin ƙimar ƙimar ƙarfin. Yin aiki sama da 20mA zai haifar da haske mafi girma amma kuma yana ƙara watsawar wutar lantarki da zafin haɗin gwiwa.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi:Ga LED na AlInGaP, ƙarfin haske gabaɗaya yana raguwa yayin da zafin muhalli ya ƙaru. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da wannan raguwa a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma don tabbatar da isasshen haske.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zane-zanen zai nuna ƙarfin gani na dangi a kan tsayin zango, a tsakiya kusa da tsayin zango na fitarwa (λ_P) tare da rabin faɗin na yau da kullun na 20 nm.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakiti

5.1 Girman Fakiti da Sanya Fil

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen tsarin fakiti na SMD. Duk girmansu suna cikin milimita tare da haƙuri na gabaɗaya na ±0.2 mm sai dai idan an lura da su. Sanya fil kamar haka: Fil 1 da 2 suna don guntun AlInGaP na Rawayu, kuma Fil 3 da 4 suna don guntun AlInGaP na Ja. Ruwan tabarau fari mai watsawa yana ba da fitarwar haske mai daidaito, mai faɗin kusurwa.

5.2 Shawarar Tsarin Kafet ɗin PCB

An ba da zanen tsarin ƙasa (sawun ƙafa) don siyar da reflow na infrared ko tururi. Yin bin wannan shawarar tsarin kafet ɗin yana da mahimmanci don cimma ingantaccen samuwar haɗin gwiwa, daidaita kai yayin reflow, da dogon lokacin amincin injiniya.

6. Jagororin Siyarwa da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Siyar da Reflow na IR

An ba da shawarar bayanin reflow wanda ya dace da J-STD-020B don hanyoyin da ba su da gubar. Maɓuɓɓuka masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da:

• Zafin Rigakafin:150°C zuwa 200°C.
• Lokacin Rigakafin:Matsakaicin dakika 120.
• Matsakaicin Zazzabi:Matsakaicin 260°C.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus:Matsakaicin dakika 10 (an yarda da matsakaicin zagayowar reflow guda biyu).

Lura: Dole ne a siffanta ainihin bayanin don takamaiman ƙirar PCB, manne siyar, da tanda da aka yi amfani da su.

6.2 Siyar da Hannu

Idan siyar da hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfe mai siyarwa tare da zazzabi wanda bai wuce 300°C ba, kuma iyakance lokacin siyarwa zuwa matsakaicin dakika 3 a kowane haɗin gwiwa. Ana ba da izinin zagayowar siyar da hannu ɗaya kawai.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan siyarwa, kawai yi amfani da kaushi da aka ƙayyade. Tsoma LED a cikin barasa ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana da kyau. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata kayan fakiti.

6.4 Ajiya da Gudanarwa

• Fakiti Mai Rufi:Ajiye a ≤ 30°C da ≤ 70% Danshi na Dangi (RH). Tsawon rayuwar shiryayye shekara ɗaya ne lokacin da aka adana shi a cikin ainihin jakar hana danshi tare da busasshiyar abu.
• Fakiti da aka Buɗe:Don abubuwan da aka cire daga ainihin fakiti ɗin su, yanayin ajiyar bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Ana ba da shawarar kammala reflow na IR cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) na fallasa. Don ajiya mai tsawo, yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da busasshiyar abu ko nitrogen desiccator. Abubuwan da aka fallasa fiye da sa'o'i 168 yakamata a gasa su a kusan 60°C na aƙalla awanni 48 kafin siyarwa don cire danshin da aka sha kuma hana \"popcorning\" yayin reflow.

7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana ba da LED a cikin tef mai ƙyalli tare da faɗin milimita 8, an nannade shi akan reels masu diamita inci 7 (178 mm). Kowane reel yana ɗauke da guda 2000. Tef yana amfani da murfin saman don rufe aljihunan fanko. Tattarawa ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Mafi ƙarancin adadin oda na ragowar kuri'u shine guda 500.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

8.1 Da'irorin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Kowane guntu (Rawayu da Ja) ana tuƙa su ne daban. Mai iyakance ƙarfin igiyar ruwa mai sauƙi shine mafi yawan da'irar tuƙi. Ƙimar resistor (R_limit) ana iya ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_limit= (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga bayanin fasaha (2.5V) don ƙira mai ra'ayin mazan jiya don tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin bai wuce matakin da ake so ba (misali, 20mA) ko da tare da bambance-bambancen ɓangaren. Misali, tare da samar da 5V: R_limit= (5V - 2.5V) / 0.020A = 125 Ω. Daidaitaccen resistor na 120 Ω ko 150 Ω zai dace.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake watsawar wutar lantarki ƙarama ce (75 mW matsakaici a kowane guntu), kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakoki yana da mahimmanci don tsawon rai da kwanciyar hankali na fitarwar haske. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB a kusa da kafet ɗin siyarwa don yin aiki azaman ma'aunin zafi, musamman idan ana aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙarfin.

8.3 Ƙirar Gani

Ruwan tabarau fari mai watsawa da kusurwar kallo na 120° sun sa wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi, daidaitacce ba tare da wurare masu zafi ba, kamar masu nuna gaban allon ko hasken baya don alamomi. Don ƙarin haske mai da hankali, ruwan tabarau na waje ko jagororin haske na iya zama dole.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban abubuwan banbance na wannan ɓangaren sunetsarin guntu biyu-a-cikin-fakiti ɗayadaruwan tabarau fari mai watsawa. Idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda biyu masu launi ɗaya, wannan ƙirar tana adana sararin PCB, tana sauƙaƙa haɗawa (aikin sanyawa ɗaya maimakon biyu), kuma tana iya samar da mai nuni mai ƙarami. Fasahar AlInGaP tana ba da ingantacciyar inganci da ingantaccen launi don tsayin zango na rawaya da ja. Faɗin kusurwar kallo shine babban fa'ida akan LED masu ruwan tabarau masu tsabta don aikace-aikacen hasken yanki.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa duka guntu na rawaya da ja a lokaci guda a 20mA kowanne?

A: Ee, amma dole ne ku yi la'akari da jimillar watsawar wutar lantarki. Aiki lokaci guda a 20mA (V_F~2.1V na yau da kullun) yana haifar da kusan 42 mW a kowane guntu, jimlar 84 mW. Wannan ya wuce matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar watsawar wutar lantarki na 75 mWa kowane guntu. Ba a ba da shawarar tuƙa duka a matsakaicin ƙarfin ci gaba na ci gaba. Rage ƙarfin ko amfani da aikin bugun jini ana ba da shawara don aiki biyu lokaci guda.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin zango mai kololuwa da tsayin zango mai rinjaye?

A: Tsawon zango mai kololuwa (λ_P) shine tsayin zango na zahiri inda bakan fitarwa ya fi ƙarfi. Tsawon zango mai rinjaye (λ_d) ƙimar ƙididdiga ce daga zanen launi na CIE wanda ya dace da launin da aka gani (hue) na hasken. Ga LED masu launi ɗaya kamar waɗannan, yawanci suna kusa sosai.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin kwandon lokacin yin oda?

A: Takamaiman lambobin kwandon (misali, W don rawaya mai ƙarfi, K don takamaiman tsayin zango na rawaya) na iya zama wani ɓangare na cikakken lambar oda. Tuntuɓi masana'anta don samun haɗuwa. Zaɓin ƙunƙuntaccen kwandon (misali, takamaiman I_Vda W_dkwandon) yana tabbatar da mafi girman daidaito a cikin haske da launi a cikin duk raka'a a cikin samarwar ku.

11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Mai Nuna Yanayi Biyu a cikin Router na Hanyar Sadarwa.

LTST-N682VSQEWT za a iya amfani dashi azaman LED guda ɗaya don nuna yanayin aiki daban-daban guda biyu na router.

Ƙira:Na'urar sarrafa microcontroller (MCU) tana da fil GPIO guda biyu. Fil ɗaya yana tuƙa guntun Rawayu ta hanyar resistor mai iyakancewa don nuna yanayin \"Kunna Wutar Lantarki / Tsaye\". Dayan fil yana tuƙa guntun Ja ta wani resistor don nuna yanayin \"Ayyukan Bayanai / Kuskure\". Ruwan tabarau fari mai watsawa yana haɗa hasken, yana ba da mai nuni mai daidaito, mai kyan gani wanda zai iya nuna Rawayu (tsaye), Ja (kuskure), ko haɗuwa mai yuwuwa idan duka biyun sun buga jini a taƙaice (misali, yayin jerin farawa). Wannan ƙirar tana rage rikice-rikice na gaban allon idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda biyu daban.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Fitarwar haske a cikin guntu na AlInGaP ya dogara ne akan electroluminescence a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. Makamashin da aka saki yayin wannan sake haɗuwa ana fitar da shi azaman photons (haske). Takamaiman tsayin zango (launi) na hasken an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP, wanda aka ƙera shi yayin tsarin girma na crystal don samar da hasken rawaya (~590 nm) da ja (~630 nm).

13. Trends na Fasaha

Fasahar AlInGaP ta balaga kuma tana ba da ingantacciyar inganci don tsayin zango na amber, rawaya, da ja. Trends na yanzu a cikin LED masu nuni suna mai da hankali kan haɓaka ingancin haske (ƙarin fitarwar haske a kowace wutar lantarki), inganta daidaiton launi ta hanyar rarrabuwa mai ci gaba, da haɓaka fakiti waɗanda ke jure yanayin reflow mafi girma da ake buƙata don siyar da maras gubar. Hakanan akwai yunƙuri zuwa ƙananan ƙira yayin kiyayewa ko haɓaka aikin gani, da haɗa ƙarin fasalulluka (kamar launuka da yawa ko IC na gida don sarrafawa) cikin fakiti ɗaya.