Bayanin Fasaha na SMD LED LTST-416GEBW-P3 - Ruwan Tabarau Mai Watsawa Fari - Guntu RGB - Gudun 5mA - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na LED na Surface-Mount Device (SMD) wanda aka ƙera don haɗaɗɗun allon da'ira da aka buga ta atomatik. Kayan yana da ruwan tabarau mai watsawa fari kuma yana haɗa maɓuɓɓukan haske guda uku daban-daban a cikin marufi ɗaya: guntu InGaN kore, guntu AlInGaP ja, da guntu InGaN shuɗi. Haɗaɗɗun fitarwa ta cikin ruwan tabarau mai watsawa yana haifar da bayyanar haske fari. An tsara wannan ƙira don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci, sadarwa, da kayan aikin masana'antu inda ake buƙatar ingantaccen nuna matsayi, hasken alama, ko hasken baya na gaban allon.

1.1 Siffofi Masu Muhimmanci

• Yana bin umarnin muhalli na RoHS.
• An yi marufi a kan kaset mai nisan milimita 12 a cikin reel mai diamita inci 7 don tsarin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik.
• Madaidaicin ƙafar marufi na EIA don dacewa da ƙira.
• Gudun halin yanzu mai dacewa da matakin dabaru.
• Yana jurewa hanyoyin gyaɗa na IR reflow.
• An riga an shirya shi zuwa Matakin Hatsarin Danshi na JEDEC 3.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Da Ake Nufi

• Masu nuna matsayi a cikin kayan aikin sadarwa da na hanyoyin sadarwa.
• Hasken sigina da alama a cikin sarrafa ofis da kayan aikin gida.
• Hasken baya na gaban allon don kayan aikin sarrafa masana'antu.
• Hasken nuni na gabaɗaya a cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bincike Na Haƙiƙa

Sashe na gaba yana ba da cikakken bayani, rabe-raben haƙiƙa na halayen lantarki, na gani, da na zafi na na'urar kamar yadda aka ayyana a cikin tushen kayan. Duk bayanan an yi la'akari da su zuwa yanayin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙimomi suna wakiltar iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ba a ba da shawarar ci gaba da aiki a waɗannan iyakokin ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):90 mW don guntu Kore/Shuɗi; 69 mW don guntu Ja. Wannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar sarrafa zafi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F(PEAK)):100 mA don duk guntu, a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms).
• Ci gaba da Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F):30 mA DC don duk guntu.
• Kewayon Yanayin Aiki:-40°C zuwa +85°C.
• Kewayon Yanayin Ajiyewa:-40°C zuwa +100°C.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

An auna shi a daidaitaccen gwajin halin yanzu na I_F= 5mA ga kowane guntu. Waɗannan su ne madaidaicin ma'auni na aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na al'ada.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_v):
  • Kore: 600 - 1200 mcd (millicandela)
  • Ja: 200 - 400 mcd
  • Shuɗi: 100 - 200 mcd
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Yawanci digiri 120. Wannan faɗin kusurwa sakamakon ruwan tabarau mai watsawa ne, yana ba da madaidaicin rarraba haske idan aka kwatanta da LED masu ruwan tabarau bayyananne.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):
  • Kore: 523 - 535 nm
  • Ja: 617 - 630 nm
  • Shuɗi: 465 - 477 nm
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):
  • Kore: 2.0 - 3.0 V
  • Ja: 1.4 - 2.3 V
  • Shuɗi: 2.0 - 3.0 V
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 μA a V_R= 5V. Ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin karkatar da baya ba; wannan ma'auni don dalilai na gwaji ne kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba na'urori zuwa kwandon shara. Fitar hasken fari aiki ne na haɗaɗɗun guntu RGB, wanda aka auna tare da duka ukun ana tafiyar da su a 5mA.

3.1 Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken (I_v)

Ana rarraba na'urori bisa ga jimillar ƙarfin hasken da suke fitarwa. Kwandon T1: 900 - 1300 mcd (kusan lumens 2.7 - 3.9) Kwandon T2: 1300 - 1800 mcd (kusan lumens 3.9 - 5.4) Jurewar kowane kwandon shine ±11%.

3.2 Matsayin Launi (CIE)

Ana rarraba na'urori bisa ga daidaitattun launuka a kan zanen launi na CIE 1931, wanda ke ayyana launin da ake gani na hasken fari. Lambobin kwandon (misali, H4, J5, K6, L4) suna wakiltar takamaiman yankuna huɗu a kan jirgin sama na x,y. Kowane kwandon yana da ma'auni huɗu da aka ayyana (Point1-4) don daidaitattun x da y. Jurewar sanyawa a cikin zaɓaɓɓen kwandon launi shine ±0.01 a cikin duka daidaitattun x da y. Wannan daidaitaccen rarrabuwa yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED tare da daidaitaccen daidaiton launi don aikace-aikacensu.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

4.1 Girman Marufi da Sanya Fil

Na'urar ta yi daidai da madaidaicin ƙafar SMD. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da girman jiki da tazarar fil. Duk jurewar girma shine ±0.2 mm sai dai idan an faɗi. Sanyawa fil don kunna launuka ɗaya ɗaya kamar haka: An haɗa anode (tabbatacce gama gari) zuwa fil 1. Cathode kore shine fil 2, cathode ja shine fil 3 & 4 (an haɗa su a ciki), kuma cathode shuɗi shine fil 6. Fil 5 da sauransu na iya zama ba a haɗa su (NC) ko anka na injiniya.

4.2 Tsarin Fil ɗin PCB da Ake Shawarta

An ba da zanen kallon sama na tsarin fil ɗin gyaɗa da aka ba da shawara don tabbatar da ingantaccen gyaɗa da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Yin bin wannan tsarin yana taimakawa hana kabari (ɗayan ƙarshen ya tashi yayin reflow) kuma yana tabbatar da ingantattun filayen gyaɗa.

4.3 Marufi na Kaset da Reel

Ana samar da abubuwan a cikin kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya tare da kaset ɗin kariya. Muhimman ƙayyadaddun marufi sun haɗa da:

• Faɗin Kaset ɗin Mai ɗaukar Kaya: 12 mm.
• Diamita na Reel: inci 7 (178 mm).
• Adadin Cikakken Reel: guda 2000.
• Mafi ƙarancin Adadin Oda don Reel ɗin ɓangare: guda 500.
• Matsakaicin abubuwan da suka ɓace a jere (aljihu): 2.
• Marufi ya yi daidai da ƙa'idodin EIA-481-1-B.

5. Jagororin Gyaɗa da Haɗawa

5.1 Tsarin Gyaɗa IR Reflow (Tsarin Ba tare da Gubar ba)

Bayanan da aka ba da shawara suna bin J-STD-020B don gyaɗa mara gubar.

• Dumi-dumi:150°C zuwa 200°C.
• Lokacin Dumi-dumi:Matsakaicin dakika 120.
• Matsakaicin Yanayin Jiki:Matsakaicin 260°C.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus:An ba da shawarar dakika 10 matsakaici.
• Adadin Zagayowar Reflow:Matsakaicin sau biyu.

Yawanci ana ba da tsarin zafi da lokaci don ganin matakan haɓakawa, jiƙa, reflow, da sanyaya.

5.2 Gyaɗa da Hannu

Idan gyaɗa da hannu ya zama dole:

• Zafin Ƙarfe:Matsakaicin 300°C.
• Lokacin Tuntuɓar:Matsakaicin dakika 3 a kowane haɗin gwiwa.
• Mahimmanci:Ya kamata a yi gyaɗa da hannu sau ɗaya kawai don guje wa damuwa na zafi.

5.3 Tsaftacewa

Dole ne a yi tsaftacewa bayan gyaɗa da hankali. Kayan kawai da aka ƙayyade za a yi amfani da su. Abubuwan da aka ba da shawara sune barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl alcohol a yanayin daki. Ya kamata a nutsar da LED na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko marufi.

6. Ajiyewa da Kulawa da Hankali

6.1 Yanayin Ajiyewa

Jaka Mai Hana Danshi (MBP):Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% Danshi na Dangi (RH). Tsawon rayuwa a cikin jakar da aka rufe tare da abin bushewa shekara ɗaya.Bayan Buɗe Jaka:"Rayuwar bene" ta fara. Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Ana ba da shawarar sosai a kammala tsarin gyaɗa IR reflow cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) na fallasa. Don ajiyewa fiye da wannan lokacin, ya kamata a sanya abubuwan a cikin akwati da aka rufe tare da sabon abin bushewa ko a cikin desiccator na nitrogen. Abubuwan da aka fallasa fiye da sa'o'i 168 suna buƙatar tsarin gasa (kusan 60°C na aƙalla awanni 48) kafin gyaɗa don cire danshin da aka sha kuma hana "popcorning" (fashewar marufi saboda matsi na tururi yayin reflow).

6.2 Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Iyakoki

An yi nufin wannan LED don amfani a cikin daidaitattun kayan aikin lantarki na kasuwanci da na masana'antu. Ba a ƙera shi ko cancanta don aikace-aikacen da gazawar zai iya haifar da haɗari kai tsaye ga rayuwa, lafiya, ko aminci—kamar a cikin jiragen sama, tallafin rayuwa na likita, ko tsarin sarrafa sufuri mai mahimmanci. Don irin waɗannan aikace-aikacen masu aminci, tuntuɓar masana'anta na kayan don takamaiman bayanan cancanta wajibi ne.

7. Tunani na Ƙira da Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

7.1 Iyakancewar Halin Yanzu

Saboda bambancin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) na guntu ja, kore, da shuɗi, tuki daga tushen wutar lantarki gama gari yana buƙatar keɓaɓɓun resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu ga kowane tashar launi. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Yin amfani da na al'ada V_Fda halin yanzu da ake so (misali, 5mA don bin ƙa'ida, har zuwa 30mA matsakaici) zai haifar da madaidaicin juriya da ƙimar wutar lantarki.

7.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Duk da cewa rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa kaɗan, ingantaccen ƙirar PCB yana da mahimmanci don tsawon rayuwa. Tabbatar an yi amfani da filayen gyaɗa da aka ba da shawara don samar da isasshen gudanar da zafi daga haɗin LED. Don aikace-aikacen da ke tafiyar da LED a ko kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba (30mA), kulawa da yanayin yanayi da tsarin allon yana da mahimmanci don kasancewa cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon yanayin aiki.

7.3 Haɗaɗɗun Na'urar Gani

Ruwan tabarau mai watsawa fari yana ba da faɗin kusurwar dubawa (120°), yana mai da shi dacewa da aikace-aikacen inda za a iya kallon LED daga kusurwoyi masu nisa. Yanayin watsawa yana rage wurare masu zafi da haske. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarin haske da aka jagoranta, za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu na waje (ruwan tabarau, bututun haske).

8. Bincike na Madaidaicin Lakatunan Aiki

Bayanin fasaha ya haɗa da siffofi na mahimman alaƙa, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba na daidaito ba.

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna yadda fitar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yawanci a cikin yanayin da ba na layi ba, yana nuna canje-canjen inganci.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Yana nuna halayen I-V na diode.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Yanayin Yanayi:Yana nuna raguwar fitar haske yayin da zafin haɗin ke ƙaruwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar yanayi mai zafi.
• Rarraba Spectral:Duk da cewa ba koyaushe ake cikakken bayani ba don LED fari, fahimtar matsakaicin tsayin tsayin raƙuman ruwa da rabin faɗin spectral (Δλ: ~30nm G, ~20nm R, ~25nm B) na kowane guntu yana ba da labari game da bayyana launi da zaɓin tacewa.

Waɗannan lanƙwasa suna ba masu ƙira damar ƙididdige aiki don wuraren aiki ban da daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na 5mA a 25°C.

9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuki duka launuka uku lokaci guda don samun haske fari mai haske?A: Ee, amma dole ne ka tabbatar cewa jimillar rushewar wutar lantarki bai wuce mafi ƙarancin matsakaicin matsakaici a cikin guntu masu aiki ba (69mW don guntu ja, a wannan yanayin) kuma cewa zafin haɗin ya kasance cikin iyakoki. Dole ne a sarrafa halin yanzu na kowane tashar da kansa.

Q: Me ya sa ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ya bambanta ga kowane launi?A: Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba dukiya ce ta asali na bandgap na kayan semiconductor. LED AlInGaP ja suna da ƙaramin bandgap fiye da LED InGaN kore da shuɗi, yana haifar da ƙananan V_F.

Q: Menene ma'anar "preconditioning zuwa JEDEC Level 3"?A: Yana nufin an rarraba abubuwan a matsayin Matakin Hatsarin Danshi 3 (MSL 3). Wannan yana nuna matsakaicin izinin rayuwar bene bayan an buɗe jakar hana danshi shine sa'o'i 168 a ≤30°C/60% RH kafin su buƙaci gasa don reflow.

Q: Ta yaya zan zaɓi daidaitaccen kwandon don aikace-aikacena?A: Don aikace-aikacen inda daidaiton launi ke da mahimmanci (misali, sandunan matsayi na LED da yawa ko hasken baya), ƙayyade lambar kwandon CIE ɗaya, mai ƙarfi (misali, J5) da kwandon ƙarfin haske guda ɗaya (misali, T1). Don aikace-aikacen da ba su da mahimmanci, zaɓin kwandon mai faɗi na iya zama karbuwa kuma yana iya zama mai tsada.

10. Ka'idar Aiki da Mahallin Fasaha

Wannan LED yana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor. Lokacin da aka sanya ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n na kowane guntu, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Tsawon raƙuman ruwa (launi) na haske an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na takamaiman kayan semiconductor: AlInGaP don ja, da InGaN don kore da shuɗi. "Fari" haske ba a samar da shi ta hanyar fari guda ɗaya ba (kamar yadda yake a cikin LED fari da aka canza phosphor) amma haɗakar launi ne na ƙari na manyan hasken launi guda uku (Ja, Kore, Shuɗi) yayin da suke wucewa ta cikin kayan rufewa fari mai watsawa. Wannan hanyar RGB tana ba da damar daidaita launi ta hanyar bambanta halin yanzu zuwa kowane guntu, ko da yake wannan bayanin fasaha ya ƙayyade aiki don madaidaicin wuri fari.

Tsarin marufi na SMD yana wakiltar daidaitaccen masana'antu don haɓaka girma, haɗawa ta atomatik. Yin amfani da ruwan tabarau mai watsawa epoxy ya haɗa da barbashi masu watsawa don faɗaɗa kusurwar dubawa da laushin fitar haske, yana mai da shi cikakke don dalilai na nuni inda kallo kai tsaye ya zama ruwan dare gama gari. Haɗa guntu uku a cikin marufi ɗaya yana adana sararin PCB idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda uku masu launi ɗaya.