Takardar Bayani na SMD LED LTSA-G6SVUWETU - Haske Fari, Ruwan Tabarau Mai Raɗaɗi - Ƙayyadaddun Bayanai na Lantarki da Na Gani

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na babban ƙarfin Surface-Mount Device (SMD) Light Emitting Diode (LED). An ƙera na'urar don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik kuma ta dace da kayan aikin lantarki iri-iri inda ingantaccen sarari da aminci suke da muhimmanci. LED ɗin yana da haske fari, wanda aka samu ta hanyar fasahar InGaN, kuma an lulluɓe shi a cikin ruwan tabarau mai launin rawaya, wanda zai iya rinjayar launi na ƙarshe da halayen watsa haske.

Babban fa'idodin wannan sashi sun haɗa da bin umarnin RoHS, dacewa da na'urorin sanyawa ta atomatik da na'urorin solder na infrared reflow, da kuma cancanta bisa ma'aunin AEC-Q101 don sassan mota. Manyan kasuwannin da aka yi niyya sun haɗa da aikace-aikacen kayan haɗin mota, na'urorin lantarki masu ɗaukuwa, na'urorin kwamfuta, da tsarin hanyoyin sadarwa.

2. Zurfin Bincike Kan Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsayin Ƙarfafawa

An ayyana iyakokin aiki na na'urar a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C. Matsakaicin ƙarfin da za a iya fitarwa shine 900 mW. Zai iya ɗaukar ƙarfin lantarki na DC daga 5 mA zuwa 250 mA. Don aikin pulsed, ana iya amfani da matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba na 500 mA a ƙarƙashin zagayowar aiki na 1/10 tare da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms. An ƙayyade kewayon zafin aiki da ajiya daga -40°C zuwa +110°C. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa wannan LED ba a ƙera shi don aikin ƙarfin lantarki na baya ba.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

An auna a Ta=25°C da ƙarfin gaba (IF) na 140mA, an ayyana mahimman ma'auni na aiki. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da kewayon yau da kullun daga 11.2 cd zuwa 22.0 cd. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2), wanda ke wakiltar kusurwar da ƙarfin ya rabi ƙimar axial, yawanci digiri 120 ne, yana nuna faɗin tsarin haske. Ƙarfin gaba (VF) yawanci yana tsakanin 2.8V da 3.6V a lokacin gwajin ƙarfin lantarki. Ma'auni na chromaticity (Cx, Cy) suna tsakiya a kusa da (0.33, 0.34), suna ayyana ma'anar fari a cikin sararin launi na CIE. Ƙarfin baya (IR) yawanci 2 μA ne a ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V, ko da yake ba a yi niyya don aikin baya ba.

2.3 Halayen Zafi

Ingantaccen sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aikin LED da tsawon rayuwa. Juriya na zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa muhalli (RθJA) yawanci 45 °C/W ne, wanda aka auna akan ma'auni na FR4 substrate tare da pad ɗin 16mm². Mafi mahimmanci, juriya na zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder (RθJS) yawanci 25 °C/W ne, yana nuna mahimmancin ingantaccen ƙirar pad ɗin zafi na PCB. Matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa (Tj) da za a iya amfani da shi shine 150°C.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa (Binning)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa rukunoni bisa mahimman ma'auni don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace-aikace. Lambar rukunin yawanci ana gabatar da ita cikin tsari: Vf / Iv / CIE (misali: 64/FA/IM).

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Gaba (Vf)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa rukunoni huɗu na ƙarfin lantarki a 140mA: Rukuni 24 (2.8-3.0V), Rukuni 64 (3.0-3.2V), Rukuni A4 (3.2-3.4V), da Rukuni E4 (3.4-3.6V). Ana amfani da juzu'i na ±0.1V ga kowane rukuni.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Haske (Iv)

An ayyana rukunoni uku na ƙarfi a 140mA: Rukuni FA (11.2-14.0 cd, ~37.8 lm na yau da kullun), Rukuni FB (14.0-18.0 cd, ~48.0 lm na yau da kullun), da Rukuni GA (18.0-22.0 cd, ~58.0 lm na yau da kullun). Ana amfani da juzu'i na ±11% ga kowane rukuni.

3.3 Rarrabuwar Launi (Chromaticity)

Ana sarrafa ma'anar launin fari sosai ta hanyar rarrabuwar ma'auni na chromaticity na CIE. An ayyana rukunoni da yawa (misali GM, HM, IM, JM, KM) tare da takamaiman iyakoki huɗu akan zanen CIE 1931 (x, y). Manufa ta yau da kullun tana kusa da (0.33, 0.34). Ana kiyaye juzu'i na ±0.01 don ma'auni na x da y a cikin kowane rukuni na launi.

4. Bincike Kan Lissafin Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman bayanan hoto a cikin takardar bayanai (misali: Hoto na 2: Rarraba Sararin Samaniya), lissafin yau da kullun don irin waɗannan LED ɗin zai nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin ƙarfin gaba da ƙarfin haske (yana nuna raguwar ƙarfi a ƙarfin lantarki mai girma), ƙarfin gaba da zafin jiki, da ƙarfin haske na dangi da tsawon zango (rarrabawar ƙarfin haske). Zanen rarraba sararin samaniya yana tabbatar da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120, yana nuna yadda ƙarfin haske ke raguwa daga axis.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

LED ɗin yana zuwa a cikin daidaitaccen tsarin kunshin EIA wanda ya dace da haɗin SMD. An keɓance firam ɗin jagoran cathode a sarari a matsayin babban mai sanyaya zafi na na'urar, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga ƙirar shimfidar PCB don tabbatar da ingantaccen aikin zafi. Cikakkun zane-zane masu girma suna ƙayyadaddun siffar kunshin, tazarar jagora, da girman gabaɗaya, tare da juzu'i yawanci a cikin ±0.1 mm. Launin ruwan tabarau rawaya ne yayin da hasken da ke fitowa fari ne.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin IR Reflow Solder

Takardar bayanai ta ba da shawarar yanayin reflow na infrared wanda ya dace da J-STD-020 don hanyoyin solder marasa gubar. Wannan bayanin yawanci ya haɗa da takamaiman ƙimar haɓakawa, yankin dumama/jiƙa, lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (TAL), matsakaicin zafin jiki, da ƙayyadaddun ƙimar sanyaya don hana girgizar zafi ga sashi.

6.2 Tsarin Pad ɗin PCB da Ake Ba da Shawara

An ba da shawarar tsarin pad ɗin haɗawa na allon da'ira don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da kuma ingantaccen fitar da zafi daga pad ɗin zafi na cathode.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, ana ba da shawarar nutsar da shi cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya kawai. Ya kamata a guji amfani da sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba saboda suna iya lalata kunshin.

6.4 Ajiya da Gudanarwa

An rarraba samfurin a matsayin Matsakaicin Matsayin Danshi (MSL) 2 bisa JEDEC J-STD-020. Lokacin da aka rufe jakar hana danshi tare da abin bushewa, ajiya ya kamata ta kasance a ≤30°C da ≤70% RH, tare da tsawon rayuwar shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe, ya kamata a adana sassan a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH kuma ya kamata su yi solder reflow a cikin shekara guda. Don tsawaita ajiya a waje da ainihin kunshin, yanayin ajiyar bushewa ya zama dole.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

Ana ba da LED ɗin a cikin tsarin tef da reel wanda ya dace da injunan ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik. Faɗin tef ɗin 12mm ne, an nannade shi akan daidaitaccen reel mai diamita 7-inch (178mm). Kowane reel yana ɗauke da guda 1000. Don adadin da bai kai cikakken reel ba, an ƙayyade mafi ƙarancin adadin kunshin na guda 500 don ragowar. Kunshin ya dace da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA 481.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED ya dace da hasken ciki da kayan haɗin mota, hasken baya don masu nuna alama a cikin na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani (wayoyi, littattafan rubutu), masu nuna matsayi a cikin kayan aikin hanyoyin sadarwa, da hasken gabaɗaya a cikin ƙananan na'urori.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi la'akari da su Lokacin Ƙira

Sarrafa Zafi:Sakamakon fitar da ƙarfi (har zuwa 900mW) da ƙididdiga na juriya na zafi, ƙirar ingantacciyar hanyar zafi daga pad ɗin cathode zuwa zubar da tagulla na PCB ko na'urar sanyaya zafi na waje yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa a ƙasa da 150°C da kuma tabbatar da aminci na dogon lokaci da kwanciyar hankali na fitar da haske.
Tuƙin Ƙarfin Lantarki:Ana ba da shawarar direban ƙarfin lantarki na akai-akai fiye da tushen ƙarfin lantarki na akai-akai don tabbatar da daidaitaccen ƙarfin haske da ma'anar launi. Ya kamata a ƙera direban don yin aiki a cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon ƙarfin gaba na DC (5-250mA).
Ƙirar Gani:Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar faɗin haske ba tare da na'urorin gani na biyu ba. Don hasken da aka mayar da hankali, za a buƙaci ruwan tabarau na waje ko masu haskakawa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Mahimman abubuwan banbance-banbance na wannan LED sun haɗa da cancantar sa na AEC-Q101, wanda ya sa ya dace da yanayin mota mai ƙarfi fiye da na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani. Haɗin babban ƙimar ƙarfi (900mW), ƙananan juriya na zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder (25°C/W), da cikakken rarrabuwa mai girma uku (Vf, Iv, CIE) suna ba masu ƙira sashi tare da aikin da ake iya hasashe don aikace-aikacen da ke da mahimmanci ga launi da kuma takurawa ta zafi. Keɓancewar cathode a sarari a matsayin mai sanyaya zafi yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar sarrafa zafi.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED da wadatar 5V?
A: Ba kai tsaye ba. Ƙarfin gaba yawanci yana tsakanin 2.8V da 3.6V. Haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa tushen 5V zai haifar da ƙarfin lantarki mai yawa da gazawar nan take. Dole ne a yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa ko, zai fi dacewa, da'irar direban ƙarfin lantarki na akai-akai.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin ƙarfin haske (cd) da ƙarfin haske (lm)?
A: Ƙarfin haske yana auna hasken LED a takamaiman shugabanci (candelas). Ƙarfin haske yana auna jimillar fitar da hasken da ake iya gani a duk kwatance (lumens). Takardar bayanai tana ba da daidaitattun lumens na yau da kullun don rukunonin ƙarfi, amma babban ƙayyadaddun bayani shine ƙarfi saboda yanayin ma'auni na shugabanci.

Q: Me yasa juriya na zafi zuwa wurin solder (RθJS) ya yi ƙasa da na muhalli (RθJA)?
A: RθJS yana auna hanyar zafi daga haɗin gwiwar silicon kai tsaye zuwa pad ɗin solder akan PCB ɗin ku. RθJA ya haɗa da ƙarin juriya daga PCB zuwa iskar da ke kewaye. RθJS yana da amfani don ƙirar sarrafa zafi na PCB, kamar yadda yake nuna yadda shimfidar allon ku ke da tasiri wajen cire zafi daga LED ɗin kanta.

Q: Menene ma'anar "Ba a ƙera shi don aikin baya"?
A: Yana nufin kada a taɓa sanya LED ɗin ƙarfin lantarki na baya a cikin aikin da'ira na yau da kullun. Yayin da aka ƙayyade ƙaramin ƙarfin baya (2μA a 5V) don dalilai na gwaji, amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya a cikin da'ira mai rai na iya lalata na'urar.

11. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Yanayi: Mai Nuna Alama na Dashboard don Kayan Haɗin Mota.
Mai ƙira yana buƙatar mai nuna alama mai haske, amintacce don sabon kayan haɗin mota na bayan kasuwa. Sun zaɓi wannan LED a cikin rukuni 64/FA/IM. Sun ƙera PCB tare da babban girman zubar da tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa pad ɗin cathode don sanyaya zafi. An aiwatar da sauƙaƙan da'irar ƙarfin lantarki na akai-akai da aka saita zuwa 140mA ta amfani da IC direba. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin mai nuna alama daga wuraren zama daban-daban. Cancantar AEC-Q101 tana ba da kwarin gwiwa ga ikon sashi na jurewa kewayon zafin mota da girgiza. Takamaiman rarrabuwa yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen launi da haske a duk raka'o'in samarwa.

12. Gabatarwa Kan Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan tushen haske ne mai ƙarfi wanda ya dogara da haɗin gwiwar semiconductor p-n. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba wanda ya wuce ƙofar diode, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki (wanda aka yi da kayan InGaN), suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Babban fitarwa daga guntu na InGaN yana cikin bakan shuɗi ko ultraviolet. Don samar da haske fari, ana canza wannan fitarwa ta farko ta amfani da Layer na phosphor a cikin kunshin. Photons na shuɗi/UV suna tada phosphors, waɗanda sai su sake fitar da haske a cikin bakan mafi girma (rawaya, ja), suna haɗuwa da ragowar hasken shuɗi don ƙirar fahimtar fari. Ruwan tabarau na waje mai launin rawaya yana aiki azaman tacewa/mai watsawa na ƙarshe, yana iya ɗan dumama zafin launi da watsa haske.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Babban trend a cikin SMD LEDs kamar wannan shine zuwa ga ingantaccen aiki (ƙarin lumens a kowace watt), ingantaccen ma'auni na nuna launi (CRI) don ingantaccen daidaiton launi, da ƙananan juzu'i na rarrabuwa don aikace-aikace kamar hasken baya na nuni. Har ila yau, ana ci gaba da turawa don babban yawan ƙarfi da ƙananan juriya na zafi don ba da damar fitar da haske mai haske daga ƙananan sawun ƙafa. Amfani da sabbin fasahohin phosphor da ƙirar guntu yana nufin samar da ingantaccen aikin launi akan zafi da tsawon rayuwa. Turawa don ƙananan ƙira yana ci gaba yayin kiyayewa ko inganta aikin gani da na zafi.