Takardar Bayani na Fasaha ta LTSA-E67RUWETU SMD LED - Farin InGaN, Ruwan Madauri Mai Rawa - 50mA, 170mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTSA-E67RUWETU babban LED ne mai haske sosai, wanda aka tsara don tsarin hadawa ta atomatik da aikace-aikacen da ke da matsalar sarari. Yana dauke da tushen haske farin da ke amfani da fasahar InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride), wanda aka sanya shi a cikin kunshin ruwan madauri mai launin rawaya. An tsara wannan hadin don biyan bukatun kayan aikin lantarki na zamani da ke bukatar ingantattun hanyoyin haske masu kankanta.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Wannan LED yana da halayen da ya dace da kayan aikin dauka da sanyawa ta atomatik da daidaitattun hanyoyin siyar da IR (infrared) reflow, wanda ya sa ya zama mai kyau ga masana'antu masu yawan kaya. Kasuwanninsa na farko sun hada da kayan lantarki na mabukaci, tsarin sadarwa, da musamman, aikace-aikacen kayan mota. An cancanta kayan aikin bisa ga ma'aunin AEC-Q101 (Sake dubawa D), wanda ke nuna dacewarsa ga yanayin mota inda amincin kayan aiki ya fi muhimmanci. Sauran fasali sun hada da bin ka'idojin RoHS, kunshin akan tef na 8mm a cikin reels na inci 7, da kuma shirya don matakin hankali na JEDEC Moisture Sensitivity Level 2a, wanda ke tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali yayin ajiya da hadawa.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Bincike mai zurfi na sigogi na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi yana da muhimmanci don tsara da'ira daidai da sarrafa zafi.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Wadannan kimantawa suna bayyana iyakokin da wuce gona da iri na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. An kayyade su a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C. Matsakaicin ci gaba na halin yanzu na gaba (DC) shine 50 mA. A karkashin yanayi na bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1ms fadin bugun jini), matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na 100 mA yana da izini. Matsakaicin raguwar wutar lantarki shine 170 mW. An kimanta na'urar don yanayin aiki da ajiyar zafin jiki daga -40°C zuwa +100°C. Wuce waɗannan iyakoki, musamman zafin haɗin gwiwa, na iya haifar da gazawa mai tsanani ko raguwa mai yawa a cikin fitar da haske da tsawon rayuwa.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani

An auna a Ta=25°C da daidaitaccen gwajin halin yanzu (IF) na 30mA, na'urar tana nuna ƙarfin haske na yau da kullun wanda ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 1800 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 3550 mcd. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki (VF) yakan faɗo tsakanin 2.8V da 3.4V, tare da ƙayyadaddun iyaka na ±0.1V a kowane kwandon ƙarfin lantarki. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2), wanda aka ayyana shi azaman kusurwar da ƙarfin ya raba rabin ƙimar axial, shine digiri 120, yana nuna faɗin tsarin fitar da haske mai watsewa. An kayyade daidaitattun launuka kamar yadda x=0.3197, y=0.3131 akan zanen CIE 1931, yana bayyana ma'anar farinsa. Juyawar halin yanzu (IR) shine matsakaicin 10 µA a VR=5V, kuma Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) shine 2000V ta amfani da Model na Jikin Mutum (HBM). Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba a tsara na'urar don aiki a ƙarƙashin juzu'i ba; yanayin gwajin juzu'i don dalilai na bayani ne kawai.

2.3 Halayen Zafi

Ingantaccen sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aikin LED da tsawon rayuwa. Juriya na zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa muhalli (RθJA) yawanci shine 280 °C/W, wanda aka auna akan substrate na FR4 mai kauri 1.6mm da kuma filin tagulla na 16mm². Mafi mahimmanci, juriya na zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin siyar da (RθJS) shine 130 °C/W. Wannan ƙananan ƙima ya fi dacewa don ƙira saboda yana wakiltar babbar hanyar watsa zafi daga guntuwar LED zuwa allon da'ira (PCB). Matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa (TJ) shine 125°C. Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar cewa zafin haɗin gwiwar aiki, wanda aka lissafta ta amfani da raguwar wutar lantarki da juriya na zafi, ya kasance ƙasa da wannan iyaka don tabbatar da aminci.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

LTSA-E67RUWETU yana amfani da cikakken tsarin rarrabuwa don rarraba raka'a bisa ga ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF), ƙarfin haske (IV), da daidaitattun launuka. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED tare da aiki mai daidaito don aikace-aikacensu.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF)

An tsara raka'a zuwa kwandon ƙarfin lantarki guda uku: H (2.8V - 3.0V), J (3.0V - 3.2V), da K (3.2V - 3.4V). An yi amfani da iyaka na ±0.1V ga kowane kwandon. Zaɓin LED daga kwandon VF ɗaya yana taimakawa tabbatar da rarraba halin yanzu daidai lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Hasken (IV)

Kwandon ƙarfi yana tabbatar da matakan haske masu daidaito. Kwandon su ne: X1 (1800 - 2240 mcd), X2 (2240 - 2800 mcd), da Y1 (2800 - 3550 mcd). An yi amfani da iyaka na ±11% a cikin kowane kwandon. Wannan yana ba da damar tantance bisa ga buƙatun fitarwa, yana iya shafar farashi da zaɓi don matakan samfura daban-daban.

3.3 Rarrabuwar Daidaitattun Launi

Mafi rikitarwa shine rarrabuwar launi. Takardar bayani tana ba da cikakken tebur na daidaitattun launuka da ke bayyana yankuna da yawa na quadrilateral (kwandon) akan ginshiƙi na CIE 1931, kamar LL, LK, ML, MK, NL, NK, da sauransu. An ayyana kowane kwandon ta maki huɗu (x, y). Matsakaicin wurin launi (x=0.3197, y=0.3131) yana faɗowa cikin da yawa daga cikin waɗannan kwandon (misali, LL, LK, ML). An kayyade iyaka na ±0.01 don daidaitattun launuka a cikin kwandon. Wannan matsananciyar kulawa tana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen inda daidaiton launi ke da mahimmanci, kamar a cikin gungu na nuna alama ko hasken baya inda ake kallon LED da yawa lokaci guda.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

4.1 Girman Kunshin da Halayen Lantarki

LED ya yi daidai da daidaitaccen tsarin kunshin SMD na EIA. An ba da duk girma a cikin milimita tare da juriya na gabaɗaya na ±0.2 mm sai dai idan an bayyana in ba haka ba. Muhimmin bayanin ƙira shine cewa firam ɗin gubar na anode shima yana aiki azaman babban mai sanyaya zafi na LED. Wannan yana nufin cewa dole ne a tsara filin anode akan PCB tare da isasshen yawan zafi kuma mai yiwuwa a haɗa shi da ramukan zafi ko jiragen sama don watsa zafi yadda ya kamata. Ganewa daidai na anode da cathode yayin shimfidawa yana da mahimmanci don aikin daidai da ingantaccen aikin zafi.

4.2 Filin Haɗin PCB da Aka Ba da Shawara

Takardar bayani ta haɗa da zane don shimfidar filin siyar da da aka ba da shawarar akan PCB don siyar da reflow na infrared. Bin waɗannan girma yana tabbatar da haɗin siyar da amintacce, daidaitawar daidai, da ingantaccen canja wurin zafi daga filin zafi na LED (anode) zuwa PCB.

4.3 Kunshin Tef da Reel

Don hadawa ta atomatik, ana samar da LED akan tef mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin 8mm wanda aka nannade akan reels mai diamita inci 7 (178mm). Kowane reel yana ɗauke da guda 2000. Kunshin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Muhimman bayanan sun haɗa da: an rufe buɗaɗɗen aljihun ɓangaren tare da tef ɗin murfin, kuma ana ba da izinin mafi yawan ɓangarorin da suka ɓace biyu a jere a kowane reel. Fahimtar tsarin tef da girma na reel yana da mahimmanci don shirya kayan aikin hadawa ta atomatik.

5. Jagorar Siyarwa, Haɗawa, da Sarrafawa

5.1 Bayanin Siyar da Reflow na IR

An ba da shawarar bayanin reflow don hanyoyin siyar da marasa gubar, wanda ya yi daidai da ma'aunin J-STD-020. Wannan bayanin yawanci ya haɗa da dumama, jiƙa zafi, reflow (tare da iyakar zafin jiki mafi girma), da matakan sanyaya. Bin bayanin da masana'anta suka ba da shawara yana da mahimmanci don hana girgiza zafi, lahani na haɗin siyar da, ko lalata tsarin ciki na LED da ruwan madauri na epoxy.

5.2 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan siyar da, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da sinadarai da aka kayyade. Takardar bayani ta ba da shawarar nutsar da cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin daki na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Yin amfani da sinadarai da ba a bayyana su ba ko masu tsauri na iya lalata kayan kunshin LED, wanda zai haifar da canza launi, fashewa, ko rabuwa.

5.3 Ajiya da Hankalin Danshi

An rarraba samfurin azaman Matakin Hankalin Danshi (MSL) 2a bisa ga JEDEC J-STD-020. Wannan yana nufin cewa jakar hana danshi da aka rufe (tare da abin bushewa a ciki) tana da tsawon rayuwa na makonni 4 bayan buɗewa lokacin da aka adana a yanayi ≤ 30°C / 60% RH. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci kafin amfani, yakamata a adana jakunkunan da aka rufe a 30°C ko ƙasa da haka da kuma 70% danshi ko ƙasa da haka. LED suna da lokacin amfani da aka ba da shawarar na shekara guda yayin da ake cikin kunshin hana danshi da aka rufe. Rashin kiyaye waɗannan matakan na iya haifar da "popcorning" yayin reflow, inda danshin da aka sha ya zama tururi kuma ya fashe kunshin.

6. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙira

6.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED ya dace da kayan aikin lantarki iri-iri, gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga: wayoyin marasa igiya da wayoyin salula, kwamfutocin littafin rubutu, tsarin sadarwa, da aikace-aikacen kayan mota daban-daban (misali, hasken ciki, hasken baya na canji, alamomin matsayi). Cancantarsa ta AEC-Q101 ya sa ya zama ɗan takara don kayan lantarki na mota marasa mahimmanci na aminci.

6.2 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙira

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere ko direba mai halin yanzu akai-akai. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana da kewayon (2.8-3.4V), don haka ƙira don matsakaicin VF yana tabbatar da cewa LED ba ya wuce ƙimar halin yanzu lokacin da aka haɗa shi da tushen ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙayyadaddun ƙarfi.
• Sarrafa Zafi:Anode shine hanyar zafi. Yi ƙira da filin anode na PCB tare da isasshen yanki na tagulla. Yi amfani da ramukan zafi don haɗawa zuwa ciki ko ƙasan jiragen sama na ƙasa/wutar lantarki don yada zafi. Lissafa zafin haɗin gwiwar da ake tsammani ta amfani da P_Dissipated = VF * IF da ΔT = RθJS * P_Dissipated.
• Kariya ta ESD:Duk da yake an kimanta shi don 2kV HBM, aiwatar da daidaitattun matakan kariya na ESD akan shigarwar PCB da yayin sarrafawa ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin kyakkyawan aiki, musamman a cikin wuraren da ba a sarrafa su ba.

6.3 Muhimman Gargaɗi

Takardar bayani ta bayyana a sarari cewa waɗannan LED an yi niyya ne don kayan aikin lantarki na yau da kullun. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar aminci na musamman inda gazawar za ta iya haifar da rayuwa ko lafiya (misali, jiragen sama, na'urorin likita, tsare-tsaren aminci na sufuri), ana buƙatar tuntuɓar masana'anta kafin ƙira. Wannan shine da'awar daidaitawa wanda ke nuna yanayin amfani da aka yi niyya na ɓangaren.

7. Zurfafa Fasaha da Bincike

7.1 Ka'idar Aiki

LTSA-E67RUWETU yana amfani da guntuwar semiconductor na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don samar da haske fari. Yawanci, ana samun wannan ta hanyar amfani da mutuwar InGaN mai fitar da shuɗi wanda aka lulluɓe da phosphor rawaya. Wasu daga cikin hasken shuɗi suna canzawa ta hanyar phosphor zuwa hasken rawaya; gaurayawan shuɗi da hasken rawaya idon ɗan adam yana ganinsa azaman fari. Ruwan madauri na waje mai launin rawaya na iya zama don ƙara gyara zafin launi ko watse fitar da haske, yana haifar da launin da aka kayyade ta hanyar daidaitattun launuka.

7.2 Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani ta haɗa da lanƙwasa rarraba sarari (tsarin radiation) (Hoto na 2). Wannan lanƙwasa ta hanyar hoto tana wakiltar ƙarfin haske a matsayin aikin kusurwar kallo, yana tabbatar da ƙayyadaddun kusurwar kallo na digiri 120. Yana nuna rarraba kamar Lambertian, gama gari ga LED masu ruwan madauri mai watsewa, inda ƙarfin ya fi girma a digiri 0 (akan-axis) kuma yana raguwa sannu a hankali zuwa gefuna.

7.3 Amsa Tambayoyin Fasaha na Gama gari

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED da 3.3V kai tsaye?

A: Ba tare da ingantaccen tsarin iyakance halin yanzu ba. Tunda VF na iya zama har zuwa 3.4V, tushen 3.3V bazai kunna wasu raka'a a cikin mafi girman kwandon ƙarfin lantarki (kwandon K) ba. Don raka'a tare da ƙananan VF (misali, 2.9V), amfani da 3.3V kai tsaye zai haifar da wuce gona da iri na halin yanzu, mai yuwuwar wuce matsakaicin 50mA da lalata LED. Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor a jere ko direba mai halin yanzu akai-akai.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin kwandon launi kamar "LL" ko "MK"?

A> Waɗannan alamomi ne na sabani don takamaiman quadrilaterals akan zanen launi na CIE da aka ayyana a cikin teburin kwandon launi. Suna wakiltar ƙungiyoyin maƙasudin launi masu matuƙar ƙarfi. Don bayyanar daidaito a cikin taro, kayyade kuma yi amfani da LED daga lambar kwandon launi ɗaya.

Q: Menene mahimmancin ƙimar RθJS ta kasance ƙasa da RθJA?

A> RθJA ya haɗa da juriya daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin siyar da PLUS juriya daga PCB zuwa iskar muhalli. RθJS yana ware aikin kunshin LED da haɗewarsa zuwa allon. Ƙananan RθJS yana nufin LED da kansa yana da inganci sosai wajen samun zafi a cikin PCB. Aikin sanyaya na ƙarshe ya dogara sosai akan ƙirar PCB (yanki na tagulla, yadudduka, iskar iska).