Bayanin Fasaha na LED LTW-C171DC-KO - Guntun InGaN Fari, Ruwan Madaidaici Mai Rawa - 30mA, 108mW - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayyane na Samfur

LTW-C171DC-KO na'urar LED ce mai hawa a saman (SMD) wacce aka tsara don haɗa allon da'ira (PCB) ta atomatik. Tana cikin dangin ƙananan LED da aka yi niyya don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin kewayon kayan aikin lantarki.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa

Wannan LED tana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da yawa waɗanda suka sa ta dace da masana'antar kayan lantarki na zamani. Fitattun fasalolinta sun haɗa da bin ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari), tare da tabbatar da cewa ta cika ka'idojin muhalli na duniya. Na'urar tana amfani da guntun InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) fari mai haske sosai, wanda aka sani da ingantaccen aiki da kyawawan halayen launi. Ana ba da fakitin a cikin tef na milimita 8 akan reels masu diamita inci 7, wanda ya yi daidai da ka'idojin EIA (Ƙungiyar Masana'antu ta Lantarki), yana sauƙaƙe dacewa da na'urorin ɗauka da sanyawa na atomatik masu sauri waɗanda aka saba amfani da su wajen samarwa mai yawa. Bugu da ƙari, an tsara kayan don ya dace da hanyoyin siyar da guduro na infrared (IR), wanda shine ma'auni don haɗa abubuwan SMD akan PCB.

Aikace-aikacen da aka yi niyya don wannan LED sun bambanta, suna nuna yadda take da amfani. Ta dace da na'urorin sadarwa, kayan aikin sarrafa ofis, kayan aikin gida, da nau'ikan kayan aikin masana'antu daban-daban. Takamaiman amfani ya haɗa da hasken baya don maɓallan maɓalli da madannai, a matsayin alamomin yanayi, haɗawa cikin ƙananan nuni, da amfani a aikace-aikacen haske na sigina ko alama inda ake buƙatar madaidaicin haske mai haske.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na halayen lantarki, na gani, da na zafi da aka ƙayyade don LED LTW-C171DC-KO.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici yana bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ana ƙayyade waɗannan ƙimar a yanayin zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C. Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki shine milliwatts 108 (mW). Ya kamata ƙarfin gaba na DC bai wuce 30 mA ba a ƙarƙashin aiki na ci gaba. Don aikin bugun jini, ana iya yarda da matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba na 100 mA, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin takamaiman sharuɗɗa: zagayowar aiki na 1/10 da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1 milliseconds. Wuce waɗannan iyakokin ƙarfin lantarki na iya haifar da raguwar tsarin ciki na LED cikin sauri da raguwar yawan rayuwar aiki.

Na'urar tana da kewayon zafin aiki daga -20°C zuwa +80°C. Wannan yana bayyana yanayin yanayin zafin da aka tabbatar LED zai yi aiki daidai. Kewayon zafin ajiya ya fi girma, daga -40°C zuwa +85°C, yana nuna yanayin lokutan da ba aiki. Ma'auni mai mahimmanci don haɗawa shine yanayin siyar da infrared, wanda aka ƙayyade don jure 260°C na iyakar daƙiƙa 10. Wannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa LED ta tsira daga tsarin siyar da guduro ba tare da lalacewa ba.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Ana auna halayen aiki na yau da kullun a Ta=25°C da ƙarfin gaba (IF) na 20 mA, wanda shine daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) na wannan samfurin yana da faɗi, daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 710.0 millicandelas (mcd) zuwa matsakaicin 1800.0 mcd. Takamaiman ƙimar naúrar da aka bayar ya dogara da matsayinta na bin (duba Sashe na 3). Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) shine digiri 130, wanda ke da faɗin kusurwa sosai. Wannan yana nufin LED tana fitar da haske a kan mazugi mai faɗi, yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar hasken yanki mai faɗi maimakon hasken da aka mayar da hankali.

Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) yawanci yana tsakanin volts 2.80 zuwa 3.40 a 20mA. Haɗin launi, waɗanda ke bayyana wurin launi na hasken fari a cikin sararin launi na CIE 1931, ana ba da su azaman x=0.2646 da y=0.2480 a ƙarƙashin yanayin yau da kullun. Yana da mahimmanci a lura da mai gwaji da aka ƙayyade don waɗannan ma'auni shine CAS140B, kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da jurewar ±0.01 ga haɗin launi. An ƙayyade ƙarfin lantarki na baya (IR) a matsayin matsakaicin microamperes 10 a ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V. Takardun bayanan ta yi gargadi a sarari cewa wannan yanayin ƙarfin lantarki na baya don gwajin infrared ne kawai kuma ba a tsara na'urar don aikin baya a cikin da'ira ta ainihi ba.

2.3 Abubuwan Da Ake Kula Da Zafi

Duk da yake ba a cika bayyana su dalla-dalla a cikin wani sashe na halayen zafi ba, an saka ma'auni masu mahimmanci na zafi a cikin ƙimar. Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki na 108 mW shine iyakar zafi kai tsaye. Wuce wannan zai sa zafin haɗin ya tashi da yawa. Kewayon zafin aiki na -20°C zuwa +80°C kuma yana da ƙuntatawa na zafi ga muhalli. Daidaitaccen shimfidar PCB, gami da isasshen yanki na tagulla don nutsewar zafi, yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye zafin haɗin LED a cikin iyakoki masu aminci, musamman lokacin aiki a ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba. Matsakaicin zafin haɗin yana haɓaka raguwar lumen kuma yana iya rage rayuwar LED sosai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara bisa ma'auni masu mahimmanci. LTW-C171DC-KO yana amfani da tsarin binning mai girma uku don ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF), ƙarfin haske (Iv), da launi (haɗin launi).

3.1 Binning na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF)

Ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara uku na ƙarfin lantarki (D7, D8, D9) a ƙarfin gwaji na 20mA. Bin D7 ya ƙunshi VF daga 2.8V zuwa 3.0V, D8 daga 3.0V zuwa 3.2V, da D9 daga 3.2V zuwa 3.4V. Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.1 volts ga kowane kwandon shara. Daidaitaccen VF a cikin rukuni yana taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar da'irori masu tuƙi na yau da kullun ba tare da bambance-bambancen faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki ba.

3.2 Binning na Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv)

An rarraba fitarwar haske zuwa kwandon shara huɗu: V1 (710-900 mcd), V2 (900-1120 mcd), W1 (1120-1400 mcd), da W2 (1400-1800 mcd). An lura da jurewar ±15% ga kowane kwandon shara na ƙarfi. Wannan binning yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED da suka dace da matakin haske da ake buƙata na aikace-aikacensu, tare da tabbatar da daidaito a cikin tsararrun LED masu yawa.

3.3 Binning na Launi (Chromaticity)

Wannan shine mafi rikitarwa na binning, yana bayyana wurin launi na hasken fari akan zanen CIE 1931. An ayyana kwandon shara da yawa (C1, C2, C3, C4, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10), kowanne yana wakiltar ƙaramin yanki mai siffar huɗu akan ginshiƙin launi tare da takamaiman iyakokin haɗin x da y. Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.01 ga kowane kwandon shara na launi. Wannan matsakaicin sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da daidaiton launi ke da mahimmanci, kamar a cikin hasken baya ko alamomin yanayi inda dole ne LED da yawa su yi daidai.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardun bayanan tana nufin lanƙwasa aiki na yau da kullun, waɗanda su ne hotunan hoto na yadda ma'auni masu mahimmanci ke canzawa a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Duk da yake ba a cika bayyana takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, daidaitattun lanƙwasa don irin waɗannan LED za su haɗa da:

Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Ƙarfin Gaba:Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna yadda fitarwar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙara ƙarfin gaba. Gabaɗaya yana da layi a ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki amma yana iya cika ko jujjuyawa a manyan ƙarfin lantarki saboda tasirin zafi da inganci. Yin aiki a shawarar 20mA yana tabbatar da daidaito mai kyau tsakanin haske da tsawon rai.

Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da ƙarfin Gaba:Wannan shine halayen I-V na diode. Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni, yana nuna ƙarfin lantarki da ake buƙata don cimma wani ƙarfin lantarki. Lanƙwasa yana motsawa tare da zafin jiki.

Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Zafin Yanayi:Wannan lanƙwasa mai mahimmanci yana nuna tasirin kashe zafi. Yayin da yanayin yanayi (don haka haɗin) ya tashi, fitarwar haske na LED yawanci yana raguwa. Gangaren wannan lanƙwasa shine babban alamar aikin zafi na LED. Fahimtar wannan yana taimakawa wajen ƙira don yanayin da ke da yanayin aiki mai zafi.

Rarraba Ƙarfin Bakan:Duk da yake ba a ambata a sarari ba, bakan LED fari zai nuna kololuwar shuɗi daga guntun InGaN da kuma fitarwar rawaya mai faɗi daga murfin phosphor (wanda a wannan yanayin ya haifar da bayyanar ruwan madaidaici mai rawa). Takamaiman haɗin a cikin kwandon shara na launi yana bayyana madaidaicin wurin launi na wannan haɗin bakan.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin da Polarity

LED yana da daidaitaccen fakitin SMD. Launin ruwan madaidaici rawaya ne, yayin da launin tushen haske (guntu) fari ne (InGaN). Duk girmansu akan zanen injiniyoyi suna cikin milimita, tare da daidaitaccen jurewar ±0.1 mm sai dai idan an ambata. Ana nuna polarity ta hanyar alama akan fakitin ko ta hanyar fasalin da bai dace ba a cikin ƙirar kushin. Takardun bayanan ta haɗa da zane don shimfidar kushin haɗin PCB da aka ba da shawarar, wanda ke da mahimmanci don tabbatar da ingantaccen siyar da guduro, sarrafa zafi, da daidaitawa yayin aikin sake kwarara.

5.2 Fakitin Tef da Reel

Ana ba da LED a cikin daidaitaccen tef mai ɗaukar kaya mai ɗaukar hoto mai faɗin milimita 8. Ana nannade wannan tef akan reels masu diamita inci 7 (kusan 178mm). Kowace reel tana ƙunshe da guda 3000. Don adadin da bai kai cikakken reel ba, an ƙayyade mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 don ragowar kuri'a. Fakitin yana bin ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA 481. Muhimman bayanin kula sun haɗa da cewa ana rufe buɗaɗɗen aljihun abubuwan da ba kowa ba tare da tef ɗin murfi na sama, kuma ana ba da izinin mafi yawan fitilun da suka ɓace biyu bisa ga ma'auni. An inganta wannan fakitin don injunan haɗawa ta atomatik.

6. Jagororin Siyar da Guduro da Haɗawa

6.1 Shawararriyar Bayanin Sake Guduro na IR

Don hanyoyin siyar da guduro marasa gubar (Pb-free), ana ba da shawarar takamaiman bayanin sake kwarara. Matsakaicin zafin jiki bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba, kuma lokacin a ko sama da wannan matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa iyakar daƙiƙa 10. Ana kuma ba da shawarar matakin kafin dumama. Takardun bayanan ta jaddada cewa mafi kyawun bayanin na iya bambanta dangane da takamaiman ƙirar PCB, man guduro, tanda, da sauran abubuwan, don haka ana ba da shawarar halayen takamaiman allon.

6.2 Siyar da Guduro ta Hannu

Idan siyar da guduro ta hannu tare da ƙarfe ya zama dole, ya kamata a kiyaye zafin jiki a matsakaicin 300°C, kuma lokacin siyar da guduro bai kamata ya wuce daƙiƙa 3 ba. Ya kamata a yi wannan sau ɗaya kawai don guje wa damuwa na zafi.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan siyar da guduro, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da takamaiman sinadarai. Takardun bayanan ta ba da shawarar nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko barasa na isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Yin amfani da sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata fakitin filastik ko ruwan madaidaici.

6.4 Ajiya da Gudanarwa

Hatsarin ESD:LED suna da hankali ga fitar da wutar lantarki (ESD). Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da abin wuya ko safar hannu na hana tashin hankali lokacin sarrafa su. Duk kayan aiki da wuraren aiki dole ne a kafa su da kyau.

Hankalin Danshi:Ana tattara LED a cikin jakar hana danshi tare da abubuwan bushewa. Yayin da aka rufe su, ya kamata a adana su a ≤30°C da ≤90% danshin yanayi (RH) kuma a yi amfani da su cikin shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe jakar asali, yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Abubuwan da aka cire daga fakitin asali ya kamata su yi jigilar siyar da guduro na IR cikin sa'o'i 672 (kwanaki 28, daidai da Matakin Hankalin Danshi 2a). Don ajiya mai tsawo a waje da jakar asali, ya kamata a adana su a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da busasshiyar. Idan an adana su fiye da sa'o'i 672, ana buƙatar gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin siyar da guduro don cire danshin da aka sha kuma a hana "popcorning" yayin sake kwarara.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Da Ake Kula Da Ƙira

7.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Dole ne a tuka LED ta hanyar da'irar iyakance ƙarfin lantarki, ba tushen ƙarfin lantarki ba. Resistan da'ira mai sauƙi shine mafi yawan hanyar don aikace-aikacen ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor kamar R = (Vsupply - VF) / IF, inda VF shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na takamaiman kwandon shara na LED. Misali, tare da samar da 5V da VF na 3.0V (Bin D7) a 20mA, R = (5 - 3.0) / 0.02 = 100 Ohms. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai tsayi ko aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai faɗi, ana ba da shawarar direban ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun.

7.2 Shimfidar PCB da Gudanar da Zafi

Bi shimfidar kushin da aka ba da shawarar daga takardun bayanan don tabbatar da ingantaccen samuwar fillet ɗin guduro. Don taimakawa zubar da zafi, haɗa kushin zafi (idan ya dace) ko kushin cathode/anode zuwa babban yanki na tagulla akan PCB. Wannan tagulla yana aiki azaman nutsewar zafi, yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye zafin haɗin ƙasa da kiyaye fitarwar haske da tsawon rai.

7.3 Ƙirar Gani

Kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 yana ba da fitarwa mai faɗi sosai. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarin hasken da aka nufa, ana iya amfani da na'urorin gani na biyu kamar ruwan tabarau ko bututun haske. Ruwan madaidaici mai rawa zai tace hasken fari da aka fitar, wanda zai haifar da launin fitarwa na ƙarshe wanda shine farin rawaya.

8. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuka wannan LED da 30mA a ci gaba?

A: E, 30mA shine matsakaicin ƙimar ƙarfin gaba na DC na ci gaba. Duk da haka, don mafi kyawun tsawon rai da aminci, ana ba da shawarar yin aiki a ko ƙasa da na yau da kullun 20mA sai dai idan mafi girman haske yana da mahimmanci kuma sarrafa zafi yana da kyau.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin kwandon shara na Iv V1, V2, W1, W2?

A: Waɗannan suna wakiltar matakan tabbataccen mafi ƙanƙanta na ƙarfin haske. W2 shine kwandon shara mafi haske (1400-1800 mcd), yayin da V1 shine mafi duhu (710-900 mcd). Zaɓi kwandon shara bisa ga buƙatun haske na aikace-aikacenku.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin kwandon shara na launi kamar C2 ko C7?

A: Kowane lamba yana dacewa da takamaiman ƙaramin yanki akan ginshiƙin launi na CIE. Kwandon shara masu kusanci suna wakiltar inuwar fari iri ɗaya. Don daidaitaccen launi a cikin jeri, ƙayyade kuma ku yi amfani da LED daga kwandon shara ɗaya na launi.

Q: Takardun bayanan ta ambaci sake kwarara na 260°C. Shin wannan shine ainihin wurin narkewar guduro?

A: A'a, 260°C shine matsakaicin zafin jiki da fakitin LED zai iya jurewa na daƙiƙa 10. Man guduro zai kasance yana da nasa bayanin narkewa (misali, narkewa a kusa da 217-220°C don guduro maras gubar na yau da kullun). Dole ne bayanin tanda na sake kwarara ya sa guduro ya narke yayin da yake tabbatar da cewa zafin jikin LED bai wuce iyakarsa na 260°C ba.

9. Aikace-aikacen Ƙira da Amfani

Harka: Ƙirar Allon Nuna Yanayi don Kayan Aikin Masana'antu

Injiniya yana ƙirƙirar allon sarrafawa wanda ke buƙatar alamomin yanayi na fari guda 10 iri ɗaya. Allon zai kasance a cikin yanayi tare da yanayin zafi har zuwa 50°C.

Matakan Ƙira:

1. Zaɓin Hasken:Zaɓi kwandon shara na Iv (misali, W1: 1120-1400 mcd) wanda ke ba da isasshen gani a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske da ake tsammani.

2. Daidaiton Launi:Ƙayyade kwandon shara guda na Launi (misali, C7) don duk LED 10 don tabbatar da cewa duk sun bayyana inuwar fari iri ɗaya.

3. Ƙirar Da'ira:Yi amfani da layin dogo na 5V. Da zaton kwandon shara na VF na D8 (3.0-3.2V), ƙira don mafi munin yanayi (min VF=3.0V) don tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin lantarki bai wuce iyakoki ba. R = (5V - 3.0V) / 0.02A = 100Ω. Resistan 100Ω, 1/8W a jere tare da kowane LED ya dace.

4. Gudanar da Zafi:Idan aka yi la'akari da yanayin yanayi na 50°C, tabbatar da cewa PCB tana da isasshen zubar da tagulla da aka haɗa da kushin LED don zubar da zafin kusan 40mW na kowane LED ( (5V-3.1V)*0.02A ).

5. Haɗawa:Tabbatar da cewa gidan masana'antu yana amfani da bayanin sake kwarara da aka ba da shawarar kuma cewa ana gasa LED idan lokacin bayyanar danshi ya wuce sa'o'i 672.

10. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

LTW-C171DC-KO ya dogara ne akan ka'idar diode mai fitar da haske na semiconductor. Asalin shi ne guntun InGaN wanda ke fitar da haske a cikin bakan shuɗi lokacin da ƙarfin lantarki ya wuce haɗin P-N (electroluminescence). Wannan hasken shuɗi sai a canza shi zuwa tsayin raƙuman ruwa (rawaya, ja) ta hanyar murfin phosphor da aka yi a kan guntun. Haɗuwar sauran hasken shuɗi da hasken rawaya/ja da aka canza zuwa phosphor yana haifar da fahimtar hasken fari. Takamaiman abun da ke ciki da kauri na Layer phosphor suna ƙayyade takamaiman haɗin launi (launi). Ruwan madaidaici mai launin rawaya yana ƙara gyara launin fitarwa na ƙarshe. Faɗin kusurwar kallo sakamakon yanayin fakitin da ƙirar ruwan tabarau ne, wanda ke watsa haske daga guntun a kan kusurwa mai faɗi.

11. Trends na Fasaha

Amfani da fasahar InGaN don LED fari yana wakiltar hanya mai girma kuma an inganta shi sosai. Ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin masana'antar sun haɗa da:

Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki (lm/W):Ci gaba da inganta ƙirar guntu, ingancin phosphor, da gine-ginen fakitin suna haifar da ingantaccen haske mafi girma, yana ba da damar ƙarin fitarwar haske don ƙarfin lantarki iri ɗaya.

Ingantaccen Fitar da Launi da Daidaito:Ci gaban fasahar phosphor da ƙarin matsananciyar hanyoyin binning suna haifar da LED tare da ingantaccen ingancin launi (mafi girman CRI - Fihirisar Fitar da Launi) da mafi daidaitaccen launi daga rukuni zuwa rukuni.

Ƙananan Ƙirar:Ƙoƙarin ƙananan na'urori yana ci gaba, yana haifar da ƙarin ƙananan fakitin LED na SMD don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari.

Ingantaccen Aminci da Tsawon Rayuwa:Haɓaka abubuwa (misali, filastik masu ƙarfi, mafi kyawun phosphor) da ƙirar sarrafa zafi suna tsawaita tsawon rayuwar aiki na LED, suna sa su dace da aikace-aikace masu ƙarfi.