Takardar Bayanin Fasaha na LED SMD 0603 Mai Launin Rawaya (AlInGaP) - Girman 1.6x0.8x0.6mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 1.8-2.4V - Ƙarfin Wuta 72mW

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na na'urar LED mai hawa a saman (SMD) a cikin tsarin kunshin ƙanƙara na 0603. An ƙera na'urar don hanyoyin haɗa allon da'ira da aka buga (PCB) ta atomatik, wanda ya sa ta dace da ƙirar masana'antu mai yawa. Girman sa mai ƙanƙara ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari inda sararin allon yake da daraja.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da dacewarsa da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik da hanyoyin solder reflow infrared (IR), waɗanda suke daidaitattun a cikin masana'antar lantarki na zamani. Ya bi ka'idojin masana'antu masu dacewa, gami da RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari). Ana sanya na'urar a kan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya da aka nannade a kan reels don ingantaccen sarrafawa a cikin layukan samarwa.

Aikace-aikacen da ake nufi suna da faɗi, suna rufe sassa kamar sadarwa (misali, alamomin matsayi a cikin na'urorin hanyar sadarwa, wayoyi), sarrafa ofis ta atomatik (misali, hasken baya don madannai, alamomin panel), kayan aikin gida, kayan aikin masana'antu, da aikace-aikacen haske daban-daban don sigina, alamomi, da allunan nuni na cikin gida. Babban aikinsa shine a matsayin mai nuna matsayi ko tushen haske mai ƙarancin mataki.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani Mai Ma'ana

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike mai ma'ana game da mahimman ma'auni na aikin LED a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C).

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a nufin ci gaba da aiki ba.

• Rushewar Wuta (Pd):72 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar da kunshin LED zai iya watsawa azaman zafi ba tare da lalata aiki ko amincin aiki ba.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba na Ci gaba (IF):30 mA DC. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na tsayayye da za a iya amfani da shi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba:80 mA, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms). Wannan yana ba da damar walƙiya mai girma, mai ƙarfi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin karkatar da baya na iya haifar da gazawar nan take.
• Kewayon Zafin Jiki na Aiki:-40°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin yanayin da aka tabbatar LED zai yi aiki a ciki cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanai.
• Kewayon Zafin Jiki na Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +100°C. Kewayon zafin jiki don ajiyar da ba ta aiki ba.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na aikin al'ada da aka auna a halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 20 mA.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Ya kewayo daga mafi ƙarancin 140.0 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 450.0 mcd. Ƙimar ainihin ta dogara da kwandon samarwa (duba Sashe na 3). Wannan ma'auni ne na hasken da idon ɗan adam ya gane.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Kimanin digiri 110. Wannan shine cikakkiyar kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwar sa (a kan-axis). Kusurwar digiri 110 tana nuna tsarin dubawa mai faɗi.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Kololuwa (λP):Yawanci 591 nm, yana sanya shi a cikin yankin rawaya na bakan gani.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λd):An ƙayyade tsakanin 584.5 nm da 594.5 nm. Wannan shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane wanda ya fi dacewa da launin LED.
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):Kimanin 15 nm. Wannan yana ayyana yaduwar tsawon zango da aka fitar a kusa da kololuwar, yana rinjayar tsaftar launi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Tsakanin 1.8 V da 2.4 V a 20 mA. Wannan shine faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin aiki. Haƙuri ga kowane naúrar shine +/-0.1V daga ƙimar kwandon sa.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 10 μA a VR=5V. Wannan halin yanzu ne na ɓarna a ƙarƙashin yanayin karkatar da baya.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon bisa mahimman ma'auni. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatu don daidaiton launi da haske a cikin aikace-aikacensu.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF)

Ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon ƙarfin lantarki guda uku (D2, D3, D4), kowannensu yana da kewayon 0.2V. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irori masu iyakance halin yanzu, musamman lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a jere, don tabbatar da rarraba halin yanzu daidai.

3.2 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Haske (Iv)

Ana rarraba ƙarfi zuwa kwandon biyar (R2, S1, S2, T1, T2), tare da ƙananan ƙima daga 140.0 mcd zuwa 355.0 mcd. Wannan yana ba da damar zaɓi bisa ga matakan haske da ake buƙata. Haƙuri na +/-11% ya shafi kowane kwandon.

3.3 Rarrabawar Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (WD)

Ana sarrafa daidaiton launi ta hanyar kwandon tsawon zango huɗu (H, J, K, L), suna rufe kewayon daga 584.5 nm zuwa 594.5 nm. Wannan yana tabbatar da launin rawaya iri ɗaya a duk LED da aka yi amfani da su a cikin taro.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Ayyuka

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman jadawali a cikin takardar bayanai, tasirinsu yana da mahimmanci ga zane.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Halayen I-V ba ta da layi. Ƙananan ƙaruwar ƙarfin lantarki fiye da na al'ada VF na iya haifar da babban ƙaruwa, mai yuwuwar lalacewa, a cikin halin yanzu. Saboda haka, dole ne a tuka LED ta hanyar tushen da ke da iyaka na halin yanzu, ba tushen ƙarfin lantarki mai tsayayye ba.

4.2 Ƙarfin Haske vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba

Fitowar haske gabaɗaya yana daidai da halin yanzu na gaba, amma wannan dangantakar na iya zama mara layi a halin yanzu masu yawa. Yin aiki a ko ƙasa da shawarar 20mA yana tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da tsawon rai.

4.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Aikin LED yana da hankali ga zafin jiki. Yawanci, ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin jiki, yayin da ingancin haske (fitowar haske a kowace raka'a na wutar lantarki) shima yana raguwa. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan don aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a kan faɗin yanayin zafin yanayi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen ƙafar 0603 (1.6mm x 0.8mm). Matsakaicin tsayi shine kusan 0.6mm. Yakamata a duba cikakkun zane-zane masu girma don ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa ta PCB daidai.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Ana yiwa cathode alama a kan na'urar, sau da yawa ta hanyar launin kore a gefen da ya dace na ruwan tabarau ko tsaga a cikin kunshin. Yakamata ƙafar PCB ta haɗa da mai nuna polarity (misali, dige ko alamar "K") don hana sanyawa ba daidai ba.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Shawarar Bayanin Yanayin Reflow IR

Takardar bayanai ta ba da shawarar bayanin yanayi mai bin J-STD-020B don hanyoyin da ba su da gubar. Mahimman ma'auni sun haɗa da:

• Dafaffen Zafi:150-200°C na matsakaicin dakika 120 don dumama allon da kayan aiki a hankali.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki:Matsakaicin 260°C.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus (TAL):An ba da shawarar ya zama dakika 10 matsakaicin, kuma bai kamata a yi aikin reflow fiye da sau biyu ba.

Waɗannan ma'auni suna da mahimmanci don hana girgizar zafi, lahani na haɗin solder, ko lalata tsarin ciki na LED.

6.2 Yanayin Ajiya

LED na'urori ne masu hankali ga danshi (MSD).

• Kunshin da aka Rufe:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% RH. Yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda bayan ranar fakitin.
• Kunshin da aka Buɗe:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Idan an fallasa shi ga iskar yanayi fiye da sa'o'i 168, ana buƙatar gasa a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin solder don hana "gwauron masara" yayin reflow.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole bayan solder, kawai yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi kamar barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl alcohol a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko kunshin.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin

Ana ba da LED akan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin milimita 12 da aka yi wa ado a kan reels masu diamita inci 7 (178mm). Kowace reel tana ɗauke da guda 4000. Ana rufe aljihun tef ɗin da tef ɗin murfi don kare abubuwan a cikin jigilar kaya da sarrafawa.

7.2 Fassarar Lambar Bangare

Lambar bangare (misali, LTST-010KSKT) yawanci tana ɓoye bayanai game da girman kunshin (010 don 0603), launin ruwan tabarau (K don bayyananne), da kayan guntu/launi (SKT mai yiwuwa yana nuna takamaiman tsarin rawaya na AlInGaP). Yakamata a tabbatar da ainihin ɓoyayyen bayanin tare da jagorar suna na masana'anta.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

LED na'ura ce mai tuka halin yanzu. Mafi yawan hanyar tuƙi shine amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor (R) ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vcc - VF) / IF, inda Vcc shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki, VF shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (yi amfani da matsakaicin daga kwandon don amincin aiki), kuma IF shine halin yanzu na gaba da ake so (misali, 20mA). Don haske mai tsayayye a cikin kewayon Vcc ko zafin jiki, ana ba da shawarar da'irar direba mai tsayayyen halin yanzu.

8.2 Abubuwan Da Ake Yi La'akari da su a Zane

• Gudanar da Zafi:Ko da yake rushewar wuta yana da ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen yankin tagulla na PCB a kusa da fakitin zai iya taimakawa wajen watsa zafi, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma ko lokacin da ake tuƙa a halin yanzu mafi girma.
• Kariya ta ESD:LED na iya zama masu hankali ga fitar da wutar lantarki ta electrostatic. Yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD na al'ada yayin haɗawa.
• Zane na Gani:Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 110 ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da mai nuni yana buƙatar ganinsa daga kusurwoyi daban-daban. Don ƙarin haske da aka jagoranta, ƙila ana buƙatar na'urori na gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau).

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LED na rami, wannan nau'in SMD yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci: girman girma ƙanƙanta, dacewa da haɗawa ta atomatik (farashi mai rahusa), ingantaccen amincin aiki saboda rashin jagora, da dacewa da haɗa PCB mai gefe biyu. A cikin dangin LED na SMD, kunshin 0603 yana ba da daidaito tsakanin ƙanƙanta da sauƙin sarrafawa/samarwa, yana da girma fiye da 0402 amma ƙanƙanta fiye da kunshin 0805. Amfani da fasahar AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don hasken rawaya yawanci yana ba da inganci mafi girma da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP akan GaP.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yi Akai-akai (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Shin Zan iya tuka wannan LED kai tsaye daga filin microcontroller na 3.3V ko 5V?

A'a, ba kai tsaye ba.Filin microcontroller GPIO tushen ƙarfin lantarki ne, ba tushen halin yanzu ba. Haɗa LED kai tsaye zai yi ƙoƙarin jawo halin yanzu wanda kawai iyakar shigarwa ta ciki da juriyar motsi na LED suka iyakance, mai yiwuwa ya wuce matsakaicin halin yanzu kuma ya lalata LED. Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere ko direban LED na musamman.

10.2 Me yasa akwai faɗin yanki mai yawa a cikin Ƙarfin Haske (140-450 mcd)?

Wannan kewayon yana wakiltar jimlar yaduwa a duk kwandon samarwa. Ta hanyar ƙayyade takamaiman lambar kwandon (misali, T2), zaku iya samun LED tare da ƙayyadaddun kewayon ƙarfi (355-450 mcd), yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin samfurinku. Tsarin rarrabawa yana ba da damar haɓaka farashi ta hanyar amfani da kwandon daban-daban don buƙatun haske daban-daban.

10.3 Me zai faru idan na solder wannan LED tare da bayanin yanayin solder mai jagora na al'ada?

Bayanan yanayin solder mai jagora suna da matsakaicin zafin jiki mafi girma (sau da yawa > 260°C). Wucewa da shawarar 260°C na iya haifar da batutuwa da yawa: lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy (rawaya), lalata haɗin waya a cikin kunshin, ko damuwa na zafi wanda ke haifar da gazawar farko. Koyaushe yi amfani da shawarar maras gubar ko bayanin yanayi mai ƙarancin zafi da aka sarrafa a hankali.

11. Yanayin Zane da Amfani na Aiki

Hali: Zanen Panel Mai Nuna Matsayi don Sauyin Cibiyar Sadarwa

Mai zane yana buƙatar LED na matsayi rawaya da yawa don alamun ayyuka na tashar tasha a gaban gaban sauya hanyar sadarwa. Panel yana da ƙarancin sarari, yana buƙatar ƙaramin kayan aiki. An zaɓi kunshin 0603. Don tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya, mai zane ya ƙayyade kwandon tsawon zango guda ɗaya (misali, K: 589.5-592.0 nm) da kwandon ƙarfi guda ɗaya (misali, S2: 224-280 mcd) ga duk LED a cikin Lissafin Kayan Aiki (BOM). Da'irar tuƙi tana amfani da layin dogo na 3.3V. Da zaton VF na 2.2V (tsakiyar kwandon D3) da manufar IF na 20mA, an ƙididdige resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu kamar R = (3.3V - 2.2V) / 0.020A = 55 Ohms. An zaɓi resistor na al'ada na 56-Ohm. An ƙera ƙirar ƙasa ta PCB bisa ga shawarar shimfidar fakitin da ke cikin takardar bayanai don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da daidaitawar kai daidai yayin reflow.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

LED diode ne na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons daga semiconductor na n-type da ramuka daga semiconductor na p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki (haɗin gwiwa). Lokacin da electron ya sake haɗuwa da rami, ana sakin makamashi. A cikin LED, ana sakin wannan makamashi a cikin nau'in photon (haske). Takamaiman tsawon zango (launi) na haske an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su a cikin yankin aiki. Ga wannan LED rawaya, tsarin kayan shine AlInGaP, wanda ke da bandgap daidai da hasken rawaya (~590 nm). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai tsabta yana rufe guntun, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, kuma yana taimakawa siffar fitowar haske.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Babban yanayin a cikin LED na SMD yana zuwa ga yankuna masu mahimmanci da yawa:

1. Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki:Haɓaka kimiyyar kayan aiki na ci gaba (kamar mafi kyawun AlInGaP da InGaN epitaxy) yana haifar da ƙarin lumens a kowace watt (lm/W), yana rage amfani da wutar lantarki don fitowar haske iri ɗaya.
2. Ƙanƙanta:Kunshin yana ci gaba da raguwa (misali, 0402, 0201) don ba da damar ƙananan samfuran ƙarshe, ko da yake wannan yana gabatar da ƙalubale ga sarrafa zafi da sarrafawa.
3. Mafi Girman Aminci da Kwanciyar Hankali:Haɓaka kayan kunshin da hanyoyin aiki yana haifar da tsawon rayuwa da ingantaccen daidaiton aiki akan zafin jiki da lokaci.
4. Maganganun Haɗe-haɗe:Akwai motsi zuwa LED tare da gina resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ko ma sauƙaƙan IC direba a cikin kunshin ɗaya, yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar da'ira ga mai amfani na ƙarshe.
5. Daidaiton Launi:Ƙuntataccen haƙuri na rarrabawa da ingantattun hanyoyin masana'antu suna ci gaba da haɓaka daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin samarwa.

Wannan takamaiman LED rawaya na 0603 AlInGaP yana wakiltar cikakkiyar mafita, mai aminci, da ingantaccen farashi a cikin wannan yanayin fasaha mai tasowa.