Takardar Bayani na SMD LED Mai Haske Rawaya AlInGaP Nau'in 1206 - Girman 1.6x0.8x0.6mm - Karfin Wutar Lantarki 1.8-2.6V - Ikon 120mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na na'urar da ake hawa a saman (SMD) mai fitar da haske (LED) ta amfani da kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) don samar da haske rawaya. An sanya na'urar a cikin ƙaramin tsarin kunshin 1206 wanda ya dace da ƙa'idodin masana'antu, wanda ya sa ya dace da hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari. Aikin sa na farko shi ne samar da tushen haske mai aminci da inganci don nuna alama.

1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali

LED yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da yawa don masana'antar kera na'urorin lantarki na zamani. Ya bi ka'idojin muhalli, an kunna shi don manyan na'urori masu ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik akan kaset mai faɗin 8mm a cikin reel na inci 7, kuma an ƙera shi don ya dace da daidaitattun hanyoyin solder na reflow ta infrared. Ƙaramin girmansa da dacewarsa da haɗawa ta atomatik suna rage lokacin samarwa da farashi sosai.

1.2 Kasuwa da Aikace-aikace da Ake Nufi

An ƙera wannan ɓangaren don ɗimbin kayan aikin lantarki. Aikace-aikacen da aka saba yi sun haɗa da na'urorin sadarwa kamar wayoyin mara igiya da wayoyin salula, na'urorin kwamfuta masu ɗauka kamar litattafan rubutu, kayan aikin tsarin cibiyar sadarwa, kayan amfani na gida iri-iri, da aikace-aikacen alamar alama ciki har da nunin cikin gida, nunin rabin waje, da tsarin bayanan bas.

2. Ma'auni da Halaye na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da iyakoki na cikakke da yanayin aiki na yau da kullun don na'urar. Yin bin waɗannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da dogon lokacin aminci da aiki.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar da Ba za a iya Wucewa ba

Kada a yi amfani da na'urar fiye da waɗannan iyakoki, saboda lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. Manyan ƙima sun haɗa da matsakaicin raguwar wutar lantarki na 120 mW, ci gaba da igiyar lantarki DC na gaba na 50 mA, da matsakaicin igiyar lantarki na gaba na 80 mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms). Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya shine 5 V. An ƙayyade kewayon zafin jiki na aiki da ajiya daga -40°C zuwa +100°C.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji a zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C da igiyar lantarki na gaba (IF) na 20 mA, sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 450 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 1120 mcd, tare da ƙimar da aka saba dangane da takamaiman rukunin (bin).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120, wanda aka ayyana shi azaman kusurwar da ba ta kan axis ba inda ƙarfin ya rabi ƙimar axial.
• Karfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Vf):Tsakanin 1.8 V da 2.6 V a 20mA.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Kololuwa (λp):Yawanci 591 nm.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λd):Ya bambanta daga 584.5 nm zuwa 594.5 nm, yana ayyana launin da ake gani.
• Faɗin Rabin Zango na Bakan (Δλ):Kimanin 15 nm, yana nuna tsaftar bakan na fitar da haske rawaya.
• Igiyar Lantarki ta Baya (Ir):Matsakaicin 10 μA a ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya na 5V.

3. Tsarin Rarrabuwa (Bin Ranking)

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin jerin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa rukunoni (bins) bisa mahimman ma'auni na aiki. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar ɓangarorin da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun kewayawa don raguwar wutar lantarki, haske, da launi.

3.1 Matsayin Karfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Vf)

Ana rarraba LED zuwa rukunoni (D2 zuwa D5) bisa ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a 20mA, tare da kowane rukuni yana da kewayon 0.2V (misali, D2: 1.8-2.0V, D3: 2.0-2.2V). Rangwame na ±0.1V ya shafi kowane rukuni.

3.2 Matsayin Ƙarfin Haske (Iv)

Ana rarraba haske zuwa rukunoni U1, U2, V1, da V2. Kewayon ƙarfin ya bambanta daga 450-560 mcd (U1) har zuwa 900-1120 mcd (V2). Rangwame na ±11% ya shafi kowane rukunin ƙarfi.

3.3 Matsayin Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (Wd)

Launi, wanda tsawon zango mai rinjaye ke ayyana shi, ana rarraba shi daga H zuwa L. Kewayon ya bambanta daga 584.5-587.0 nm (Bin H) zuwa 592.0-594.5 nm (Bin L). Ana kiyaye rangwame na ±1 nm ga kowane rukunin tsawon zango.

4. Bayanan Injiniya da Kunshin

4.1 Girman Kunshin

Na'urar ta yi daidai da girman kunshin 1206 na ma'aunin EIA. Manyan girmansa sun haɗa da tsawon 1.6 mm, faɗin 0.8 mm, da tsayin 0.6 mm. Duk rangwamen girma shine ±0.2 mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Ruwan tabarau yana da tsabta, kuma launin tushen haske shine AlInGaP Rawaya.

4.2 Tsarin Gindin PCB da Ake Ba da Shawara

Ana ba da shawarar ƙirar gindin ƙasa don ingantaccen solder ta amfani da hanyoyin reflow na infrared ko tururi. Wannan tsari yana tabbatar da samuwar fillet ɗin solder daidai da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya na ɓangaren akan farantin da'ira (PCB).

5. Jagororin Haɗawa, Sarrafawa, da Aikace-aikace

5.1 Tsarin Solder

LED ya dace da hanyoyin solder na reflow na infrared, gami da bayanan martaba marasa gubar. An ba da shawarar bayanan martaba na reflow, wanda ya yi daidai da ka'idojin J-STD-020B. Manyan ma'auni sun haɗa da zafin jiki na riga-kafi na 150-200°C, matsakaicin zafin jiki wanda bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin da ya wuce ruwa mai ruwa wanda aka keɓance ga takamaiman man solder da ƙirar allon. Don solder na hannu, ana ba da shawarar zafin guntun solder da bai wuce 300°C ba na matsakaicin dakika 3.

5.2 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da kaushi da aka ƙayyade. Tsoma LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin jiki na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana da kyau. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata kunshin.

5.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Don jakunkunan da ba a buɗe ba masu hana danshi waɗanda ke ɗauke da abin bushewa, yakamata ajiya ya kasance a 30°C ko ƙasa da haka da kuma danshin dangi (RH) na 70% ko ƙasa da haka, tare da lokacin amfani da aka ba da shawarar na shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe kunshin asali, yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Yakamata a gasa ɓangarorin da aka fallasa fiye da sa'o'i 168 a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin solder don hana lalacewa da danshi ya haifar yayin reflow ("popcorning").

5.4 Hanyar Gudanarwa da Abubuwan Ɗauka a Hankali a Zane

LED na'urori ne masu aiki da igiyar lantarki. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin raka'a da yawa, dole ne a gudanar da su ta hanyar tushen igiyar lantarki mai tsayi ko tare da madaidaitan masu iyakance igiyar lantarki a cikin tsari na jerin gwano. Ba a ba da shawarar gudanarwa ta hanyar tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai tsayi ba tare da daidaita igiyar lantarki ba, saboda zai iya haifar da wuce gona da iri na igiyar lantarki, guduwar zafi, da rage tsawon rayuwa. Dole ne a yi la'akari da bambancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba tsakanin rukunoni a cikin ƙirar da'ira don kiyaye igiyar lantarki da ake so.

5.5 Gargaɗin Aikace-aikace

Waɗannan LED an yi su ne don daidaitattun kayan aikin lantarki na kasuwanci da masana'antu. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar aminci na musamman inda gazawar za ta iya haifar da haɗari (misali, jirgin sama, tallafin rayuwa na likita, tsare-tsaren amincin sufuri), takamaiman tuntuba da cancanta suna da mahimmanci kafin amfani.

6. Bayanan Kunshin da Oda

6.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kaset da Reel

Ana samar da ɓangarorin akan kaset mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin 8mm wanda aka rufe da kaset ɗin rufi, wanda aka nannade a kan reel mai diamita inci 7 (178 mm). Yawan reel na yau da kullun shine guda 2000. Ana samun mafi ƙarancin adadin kunshin na guda 500 don umarni na ragowar. Kunshin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481.

7. Bincike na Aiki da Mahallin Zane

7.1 Fahimtar Lankwalai na Lantarki da Haske

Lankwalai na aiki na yau da kullun, kamar alaƙar tsakanin igiyar lantarki na gaba da ƙarfin haske ko ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba, suna da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira. Lankwalan IV yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi ba, yana jaddada buƙatar sarrafa igiyar lantarki. Lankwalan ƙarfi da igiyar lantarki gabaɗaya yana layi ne a cikin kewayon aiki amma zai cika a manyan igiyoyin lantarki saboda tasirin zafi.

7.2 Abubuwan Ɗauka a Hankali Game da Sarrafa Zafi

Duk da yake na'urar tana da ƙayyadaddun zafin jiki na aiki har zuwa 100°C, aikinta yana raguwa tare da haɓakar zafin haɗin gwiwa. Ƙarfin haske yawanci yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi. Ana ba da shawarar isasshen shimfidar PCB don watsa zafi, mai yuwuwa ta amfani da ramukan zafi ko zubar da tagulla, don aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a manyan yanayin zafi na yanayi ko manyan igiyoyin gudanarwa don kiyaye haske da tsawon rayuwa.

7.3 Matsayin Launi da Kwanciyar Hankan Tsawon Zango

Tsawon zango mai rinjaye na iya ɗan motsi kaɗan tare da canje-canje a cikin igiyar gudanarwa da zafin haɗin gwiwa. Tsarin rarrabuwa yana taimakawa sarrafa wannan ta hanyar samar da kewayon da aka sarrafa. Don aikace-aikacen masu mahimmanci na launi, fahimtar alaƙar tsakanin yanayin gudanarwa da canjin launi yana da mahimmanci.

8. Kwatance da Mahallin Fasaha

8.1 Fasahar AlInGaP

Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) tsarin kayan semiconductor ne musamman mai inganci wajen samar da haske a yankunan rawaya, orange, da ja na bakan. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi, yana ba da ingantaccen ingancin haske, mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki, da tsawon rayuwar aiki, wanda ya sa ya zama ma'auni don manyan LED na rawaya.

8.2 Fa'idodin Kunshin 1206

Kunshin 1206 (1.6mm x 0.8mm) yana ba da daidaitaccen ma'auni tsakanin girman da sauƙin sarrafawa/samarwa. Ya fi manyan kunshin kamar 0402, yana mai da shi mafi ƙarfi don haɗawa kuma sau da yawa yana da sauƙin dubawa, yayin da har yanzu yana da ƙanƙanta don yawancin na'urorin ɗauka na zamani.

9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQ)

9.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin tsawon zango mai kololuwa (peak wavelength) da tsawon zango mai rinjaye (dominant wavelength)?

Tsawon zango mai kololuwa (λp) shine tsawon zango inda rarraba ikon bakan ya fi girma. Tsawon zango mai rinjaye (λd) an samo shi ne daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsawon zango guda na bakan wanda ya dace da launin da ake gani na LED. Don tushen launi ɗaya, suna kama da juna; don LED masu wasu faɗin bakan, λd shine mafi dacewa ma'auni don ƙayyadaddun launi.

9.2 Shin zan iya gudanar da wannan LED kai tsaye daga wutar lantarki na 3.3V ko 5V?

Ba tare da mai iyakance igiyar lantarki ba. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba ya bambanta daga 1.8V zuwa 2.6V. Haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa wutar lantarki na 3.3V zai tilasta igiyar lantarki da ƙarfin juriya na LED ya ƙaddara, wanda zai yiwu ya wuce matsakaicin ƙima kuma ya lalata na'urar. Dole ne a ƙididdige resistor na jerin gwano bisa ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED (ta amfani da matsakaicin ƙimar rukuni don ƙirar aminci), da igiyar lantarki na aiki da ake so.

9.3 Me yasa ake buƙatar gasa (baking) idan an buɗe kunshin fiye da sa'o'i 168?

Kunshin SMD na iya ɗaukar danshi daga yanayi. A lokacin babban tsarin solder na reflow mai zafi, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi da sauri, yana haifar da matsa lamba na ciki wanda zai iya fashe kunshin ko raba rukunin ciki - wani abu da aka sani da "popcorning." Gasa yana kawar da wannan danshin da aka ɗauka, yana mai da ɓangarorin aminci don reflow.

10. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Yanayi: Zanen allon nuna alama na matsayi don na'urar hanyar sadarwa.

Ana buƙatar LED rawaya da yawa don nuna yanayin ayyukan hanyar sadarwa daban-daban. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske, mai zane yana zaɓar LED daga rukunin ƙarfin haske iri ɗaya (misali, V1). An aiwatar da da'irar direba mai igiyar lantarki mai tsayi don samar da 20mA ga kowane LED. Shimfidar PCB ta haɗa da ƙirar gindin da aka ba da shawarar kuma ta haɗa da ƙananan haɗin kai na zafi zuwa farantin ƙasa don ɗan watsa zafi. Ana adana ɓangarorin a cikin yanayi da aka sarrafa bayan an buɗe reel kuma ana haɗa su ta amfani da bayanan martaba na reflow maras gubar da aka tabbatar ya tsaya cikin ƙayyadaddun iyakokin zafin jiki. Wannan hanya tana tabbatar da aiki mai aminci, daidaito, da aiki mai tsayi na nuna alama.