Takardun Bayani na Fasaha na SMD LED LTST-M140KSKT - LED Mai Launin Raɓa (AlInGaP) - 30mA - 72mW

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun ƙayyadaddun bayanai na fasaha na LTST-M140KSKT, wata'ila diode mai fitar da haske (LED) na na'urar da aka haɗa a saman (SMD). Wannan ɓangaren yana cikin dangin LED da aka ƙera don haɗa allon da'ira (PCB) ta atomatik, yana da ƙananan girma da tsari masu dacewa da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari. LED tana amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don samar da fitowar haske mai launin raɓa, wanda aka lulluɓe a cikin kunshin ruwa mai tsabta.

Tushen falsafar ƙira ya ta'allaka ne akan dacewa da ƙirar kera kayan lantarki na zamani masu yawa. An ƙera na'urar don ta dace da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik kuma ta jure yanayin zafi na daidaitattun hanyoyin haɗaƙar reflow na infrared (IR), wanda ya sa ta zama mafi kyau ga layukan samarwa masu sauƙi.

Kasuwanni da aikace-aikacen da aka yi niyya suna da faɗi, suna nuna yanayin amfani da amincin ɓangaren. Aikace-aikacen farko sun haɗa da alamomin yanayi, hasken baya na allon gaba, da hasken sigina ko alama a cikin kayan aikin sadarwa, na'urori na sarrafa ofis, na'urorin gida, da kayan aikin masana'antu daban-daban.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'aunin Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Matsakaicin matsakaicin ma'auni yana bayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na na'urar zai iya faruwa. Ana ƙayyade waɗannan ƙimomi a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C. Matsakaicin ci gaba na gaba na halin yanzu (DC) shine 30 mA. A ƙarƙashin yanayi na bugun jini tare da aikin 1/10 da faɗin bugun 0.1ms, na'urar na iya ɗaukar matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na 80 mA. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya da aka yi amfani da shi a kan LED shine 5 V. Matsakaicin watsawar wutar lantarki bai kamata ya wuce 72 mW ba. An ƙididdige na'urar don aiki a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na -40°C zuwa +85°C kuma ana iya adana ta a cikin yanayi daga -40°C zuwa +100°C.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani

Ana auna aikin lantarki da na gani na yau da kullun a Ta=25°C tare da halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 20 mA, wanda shine daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji. Maɓuɓɓukan ma'auni sun haɗa da:

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Φv):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin lumens (lm) 0.42 zuwa matsakaicin matsakaicin 1.35 lm. Wannan yana auna jimlar ƙarfin hasken da aka fitar.
• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Yayi daidai da ƙarfin hasken, tare da mafi ƙarancin millicandelas (mcd) 140 da matsakaicin matsakaicin 450 mcd. Ana auna ƙarfin tare da tsakiyar axis.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya rabi ƙimar axial yawanci digiri 120 ne, yana nuna tsarin dubawa mai faɗi.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λP):Tsawon zango wanda fitowar haske ta fi ƙarfi shine yawanci nanometers (nm) 591.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λd):Tsawon zango guda ɗaya wanda ke bayyana launin da ake gani, an ƙayyade shi tsakanin 584.5 nm da 594.5 nm, yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen launin raɓa.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Yawanci 15 nm, yana bayyana tsabtar bakan ko faɗin band na hasken da aka fitar.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ya bambanta daga 1.8 V zuwa 2.4 V a 20 mA, tare da jurewar ±0.1 V ga sassan da aka rarraba.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin microamperes (μA) 10 lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarancin baya na 5 V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon bisa maɓuɓɓukan ma'auni. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatu don aikace-aikacensu.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (VF)

Ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon wutar lantarki guda uku (D2, D3, D4) a 20 mA. Kwandon D2 ya ƙunshi 1.8V zuwa 2.0V, D3 ya ƙunshi 2.0V zuwa 2.2V, kuma D4 ya ƙunshi 2.2V zuwa 2.4V. Kowane kwandon yana da jurewar ±0.1V. Zaɓin kwandon wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi zai iya taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'irorin tuƙi masu daidaito, musamman lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a jere.

3.2 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken da Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba fitowar haske zuwa manyan lambobi guda biyar (C2, D1, D2, E1, E2). Misali, kwandon C2 yana ƙayyade ƙarfin haske tsakanin 0.42 lm da 0.54 lm (daidai da 140-180 mcd), yayin da mafi girman fitarwa, kwandon E2, ya ƙunshi 1.07 lm zuwa 1.35 lm (355-450 mcd). Jurewar kowane kwandon ƙarfi shine ±11%. Wannan rarraba yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen haske a cikin alamomi da yawa ko jerin hasken baya.

3.3 Rarraba Launi (Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango)

Matsakaicin tsawon zango, wanda ke bayyana daidaitaccen inuwar raɓa, an rarraba shi zuwa rukuni huɗu: H (584.5-587.0 nm), J (587.0-589.5 nm), K (589.5-592.0 nm), da L (592.0-594.5 nm). Kowane kwandon yana da jurewar ±1 nm. Wannan yana ba da damar daidaita launi daidai a aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar takamaiman launukan raɓa, kamar a cikin alamomin zirga-zirga ko takamaiman alamomin yanayi.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Ayyuka

Yayin da takamaiman bayanan hoto aka ambata a cikin takardun bayanai, daidaitattun lanƙwasa ayyuka na irin waɗannan LED suna ba da mahimman bayanai na ƙira. Waɗannan gabaɗaya sun haɗa da:

• Lanƙwasa Halin Yanzu da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (I-V):Yana nuna alaƙar maɓalli tsakanin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba da halin yanzu. Lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci don tantance wurin aiki da ƙirar da'irar iyakance halin yanzu.
• Ƙarfin Haske da Halin Yanzu na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-L):Yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yawanci a cikin alaƙar kusa da layi a cikin kewayon aikin da aka ba da shawarar. Yana taimakawa wajen zaɓar halin yanzu na tuƙi don hasken da ake so.
• Ƙarfin Haske da Yanayin Zafin Muhalli:Yana kwatanta raguwar fitowar haske yayin da zafin haɗuwa ya tashi. Fahimtar wannan raguwa yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.
• Lanƙwasa Rarraba Bakan:Yana jera ƙarfin dangi akan tsawon zango, yana nuna kololuwa a ~591 nm da rabin faɗin 15 nm, yana tabbatar da fitowar hasken raɓa mai launi ɗaya.
• Tsarin Kusurwar Dubawa:Zanen polar da ke nuna rarraba ƙarfin haske na kusurwa, yawanci yana tabbatar da kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 tare da tsarin fitarwa na Lambertian ko makamantansu.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

LED yana zuwa a cikin daidaitaccen kunshin SMD. Duk girmansu ana ba da su a cikin millimeters tare da jurewar gabaɗaya na ±0.2 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba. Takardun bayanai sun haɗa da cikakken zanen injiniya wanda ke nuna duban sama, duban gefe, da sawun ƙafa, gami da mahimman girma kamar tsawon jiki, faɗi, tsayi, da sanyawa da girman pad ɗin haɗaƙa.

5.2 Ƙirar Pad da Gano Polarity

An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa na PCB (pad ɗin haɗawa) don duka hanyoyin haɗaƙar reflow na infrared da na tururi. An inganta wannan tsari don samar da haɗin haɗaƙa mai aminci da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Bangaren yana da alamomin polarity, yawanci ana nuna shi ta hanyar alamar cathode akan kunshin kanta (kamar notch, ɗigo, ko yanke jagora). Daidaitaccen alkibla yana da mahimmanci kamar yadda LED suke diode kuma suna ba da damar gudanar da halin yanzu a hanya ɗaya kawai.

6. Jagororin Haɗaƙa da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Haɗaƙar Reflow

Takardun bayanai suna ba da shawarar bayanin reflow na IR wanda ya dace da J-STD-020B don hanyoyin da ba su da gubar. Maɓuɓɓukan maɓalli sun haɗa da yankin dumama kafin, haɓaka da aka sarrafa zuwa matsakaicin zafin jiki, da lokacin sanyaya da aka sarrafa. Matsakaicin matsakaicin zafin jiki da aka ba da shawarar shine 260°C, tare da lokacin sama da 217°C (zafin jiki na ruwa na gubar mara gubar na yau da kullun) an sarrafa shi da kyau don hana lalacewar zafi ga kunshin LED ko guntun semiconductor.

6.2 Ajiyewa da Kula da Kulawa

LED na'urori ne masu hankali ga danshi. Lokacin da aka rufe su a cikin ainihin kunshinsu na hana danshi tare da desiccant, ya kamata a adana su a ≤30°C da ≤70% danshin muhalli (RH) kuma a yi amfani da su cikin shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe jakar da aka rufe, "rayuwar bene" ta fara. Ya kamata a adana abubuwan a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH kuma ana ba da shawarar a yi reflow na IR cikin sa'o'i 168 (JEDEC Mataki na 3). Don ajiyewa fiye da wannan lokacin, ana buƙatar gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla awanni 48 kafin haɗaƙa don cire danshin da aka sha kuma a hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan haɗaƙa, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Ana ba da shawarar nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Masu tsaftacewa na sinadarai waɗanda ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko kayan kunshin.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

Daidaitaccen kunshin don haɗawa ta atomatik shine tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin milimita 12 da aka nannade akan reel mai diamita inci 7 (178 mm). Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 3000. Ƙayyadaddun tef da reel sun yi daidai da ƙa'idodin ANSI/EIA-481. Mafi ƙarancin adadin shirya guda 500 yana samuwa don sauran umarni. Tef ɗin ya haɗa da tef ɗin murfin don rufe aljihun ɓangaren, kuma matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da ba a samu ba a jere a cikin reel shine biyu.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Da'irorin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Mafi yawan hanyar tuƙi shine tushen halin yanzu na dindindin ko mai sauƙi na resistor na jere. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor (R) ta amfani da dabara: R = (Vsupply - VF) / IF, inda VF shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED a halin yanzu da ake so IF. Misali, tare da wadata na 5V, VF na 2.0V, da manufa IF na 20mA, resistor na jere da ake buƙata shine (5V - 2.0V) / 0.02A = 150 Ohms. Ya kamata a zaɓi resistor wanda aka ƙididdige aƙalla (5V-2.0V)*0.02A = 0.06W, tare da resistor na 1/8W ko 1/10W kasancewar na yau da kullun.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ake Kula da Ƙira

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da na'urar iyakance halin yanzu (resistor ko driver IC). Haɗawa kai tsaye zuwa tushen wutar lantarki zai haifar da halin yanzu mai yawa da gazawar nan take.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Yayin da watsawar wutar lantarki ta yi ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko hanyoyin zafi a kusa da pad ɗin haɗaƙa na iya taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi, musamman a cikin yanayin zafin muhalli mai girma ko lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a halin yanzu mafi girma.
• Kariya ta ESD:Ko da yake ba a bayyana shi a sarari a matsayin mai hankali sosai ba, ya kamata a kiyaye matakan kula da ESD na yau da kullun yayin haɗawa.
• Ƙirar Gani:Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ganin faɗi. Don hasken da aka mayar da hankali, ana buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau).

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

LTST-M140KSKT ya bambanta kansa ta hanyar amfani da fasahar AlInGaP don fitar da raɓa. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP, LED na AlInGaP suna ba da ingantaccen inganci mai haske sosai, wanda ke haifar da fitarwa mai haske a halin yanzu na tuƙi ɗaya, da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 shine babban fasali don aikace-aikacen nuna alama. Dacewarsa da daidaitattun hanyoyin reflow na IR da kunshin tef-da-reel ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai tsada don kera atomatik, mai yawa idan aka kwatanta da LED na rami na buƙatar shigar da hannu.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQs)

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin ƙarfin hasken (lm) da ƙarfin haske (mcd)?

A: Ƙarfin hasken yana auna jimlar adadin hasken da ake iya gani da aka fitar a kowane bangare. Ƙarfin haske yana auna haske a takamaiman alkibla (yawanci tsakiyar axis). Ga LED mai faɗin kusurwa kamar wannan, ƙimar mcd wurin tunani ne, amma jimlar fitowar haske an fi wakilta shi da ƙimar lumen.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED da wadata na 3.3V?

A: A'a. Yin amfani da dabara tare da VF na yau da kullun na 2.0V da manufa halin yanzu na 20mA, resistor na jere da ake buƙata zai zama (3.3V - 2.0V) / 0.02A = 65 Ohms. Tabbatar cewa ƙimar wutar lantarki na resistor ya isa.

Q: Me ya sa rarraba yake da mahimmanci?

A: Rarraba yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske. Idan kuna amfani da LED da yawa a cikin samfuri (misali, jerin fitilun yanayi), yin oda daga kwandon wutar lantarki, ƙarfi, da tsawon zango ɗaya yana ba da garantin kamanni iri ɗaya.

Q: Menene zai faru idan na wuce matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya na 5V?

A> Yin amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya fiye da ƙimar zai iya haifar da rushewar PN junction na LED ba zato ba tsammani, wanda zai haifar da gazawar nan take kuma ta dindindin.

11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar allon nuna yanayi don na'urar hanyar sadarwa.Allon yana buƙatar LED mai launin raɓa huɗu don nuna ayyukan haɗin kai akan tashoshi daban-daban. Daidaitaccen haske da launi suna da mahimmanci ga ƙwarewar mai amfani.

Matakan Ƙira:

1. Zaɓi LTST-M140KSKT saboda launin raɓansa, dacewar haske, da siffar SMD.

2. Ƙayyade kwandon: Zaɓi kwandon ƙarfin haske guda ɗaya (misali, D2 don 224-280 mcd) da kwandon tsawon zango guda ɗaya (misali, J don 587.0-589.5 nm) don tabbatar da daidaito. Matsakaicin kwandon wutar lantarki (D3) yana karɓuwa.

3. Ƙirar Da'ira: Yi amfani da layin dogo na 3.3V na gama-gari akan PCB na na'urar hanyar sadarwa. Ƙididdige resistor na jere don kowane LED. Zaton VF na 2.1V (tsakiyar kwandon D3) da manufa 20mA: R = (3.3V - 2.1V) / 0.02A = 60 Ohms. Yi amfani da daidaitaccen resistor na ohm 62, 1/10W.

4: Tsari: Sanya LED a daidaitacce akan allon gaban PCB. Bi shawarar tsarin ƙasa daga takardun bayanai don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗaƙa.

5. Haɗawa: Bi shawarar bayanin reflow. Tabbatar cewa an yi amfani da buɗaɗɗen reel na LED a cikin sa'o'i 168 na rayuwar bene ko an gasa shi da kyau idan an adana shi daɗe.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Fitar da haske a cikin wannan LED ya dogara ne akan electroluminescence a cikin haɗin PN na semiconductor da aka yi da kayan AlInGaP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce yuwuwar gina haɗin gwiwa, electrons daga yankin N-type da ramuka daga yankin P-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yayi daidai da tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, raɓa (~591 nm). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai tsabta yana lulluɓe guntun semiconductor, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, da kuma siffanta tsarin fitar da haske.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Ci gaban SMD LED kamar LTST-M140KSKT wani ɓangare ne na babban yanayi a cikin kayan lantarki zuwa ƙananan ƙira, ƙara aminci, da kera atomatik. Fasahar AlInGaP tana wakiltar cikakkiyar mafita mai inganci don LED ja, orange, da raɓa. Ci gaba da yanayin a cikin masana'antar sun haɗa da turawa don ƙarin ingantaccen inganci na haske (ƙarin fitowar haske a kowace watt na shigarwar lantarki), ingantaccen daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙarin ƙarfin rarraba, da haɓaka girman kunshin da ba a taɓa gani ba (misali, ƙananan kunshin guntu) don ba da damar haɗuwa mai yawa. Bugu da ƙari, akwai mayar da hankali kan haɓaka amincin a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsauri, kamar mafi girman zafin jiki da kewayon danshi, don biyan buƙatun aikace-aikacen mota da na masana'antu.