67-21ST SMD Mid-Power LED Datasheet - PLCC-2 Package - 3.3V Max Voltage - 60mA - White Light - Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

67-21ST is a surface-mount mid-power LED in a PLCC-2 package. It is a white LED designed to provide a balance of performance, efficiency, and reliability for general lighting applications. Its compact form factor and standardized package make it suitable for automated assembly processes.

1.1 Core Advantages

The main advantages of this LED package include:

• High luminous efficacy:It provides good light output relative to its power consumption.
• High Color Rendering Index:It provides a CRI rating of at least 60 to 90, ensuring good color reproduction. The standard mass-produced model is the CRI 80 (minimum) series.
• Wide Viewing Angle:Typical viewing angle is 120 degrees, providing broad and uniform illumination.
• Low power consumption:Standard operating current is 60mA, with high energy efficiency.
• Environmental Compliance:产品无铅，符合欧盟RoHS和REACH法规，并满足无卤标准（Br<900ppm，Cl<900ppm，Br+Cl<1500ppm）。
• ANSI Binning:Follow standardized chromaticity binning to ensure color consistency across different production batches.

1.2 Target Market and Applications

This LED is an ideal solution for numerous lighting applications requiring reliable, efficient, and compact light sources. The main application areas include:

• General Lighting:Integrated into residential, commercial, and industrial luminaires.
• Decorative and Entertainment Lighting:For accent lighting, signage, and stage lighting.
• Indicator lights and switch lights:Suitable for button backlighting, panels, and status indicator lights.
• General lighting:Suitable for any application requiring a diffuse, wide-angle white light source.

2. In-depth Technical Parameter Analysis

This section provides a detailed and objective interpretation of the key performance parameters of the LED, based on the definitions in the datasheet under standard test conditions.

2.1 Photoelectric Characteristics

The main performance indicators are summarized as follows. All values are specified at a forward current of 60mA._F) of 60mA.

• Luminous flux:Minimum luminous flux varies with correlated color temperature, ranging from 23 lumens at 2400K to 28 lumens from 4000K to 6500K. Typical maximum can reach up to 34 lumens depending on binning. Tolerance is ±11%.
• Forward voltage:_F):Maximum forward voltage is 3.3V, typical range from 2.8V to 3.3V. Tolerance is ±0.1V. Selecting a lower Vf bin contributes to higher system efficiency._Fbins contribute to higher system efficiency.
• Color Rendering Index:_a):The minimum CRI for standard products is 80, with a tolerance of ±2. The R9 value is specified as 0, which is typical for standard white LEDs, indicating limited deep red color rendering capability.
• Viewing Angle:_/2):A typical value is 120 degrees, which is a wide viewing angle, suitable for applications requiring wide-angle light distribution.
• Reverse Current:_R):Maximum 50 µA at a reverse voltage of 5V, indicating the leakage characteristics of the diode.

2.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings and Electrical Parameters

These ratings define the limits that may cause permanent damage. Operating conditions should always remain within these limits.

• Forward Current:_F):75 mA.
• Peak forward current:_FP):150 mA.
• Power consumption:_d):250 mW.
• Forward voltage code:Encoded as "33" in the model number, corresponding to a maximum Vf of 3.3V._Fmax of 3.3V.
• Forward Current Code:Encoded as "Z6" in the model, corresponding to an If of 60mA._Fof 60mA.

2.3 Thermal Characteristics

Thermal management is crucial for the lifespan and performance stability of LEDs.

• Thermal Resistance:_{th J-S}):The thermal resistance from junction to solder point is 21 °C/W. This value is crucial for calculating junction temperature based on power dissipation and board temperature.
• Junction Temperature:_j):The maximum allowable temperature is 125 °C. Exceeding this limit accelerates light degradation and may lead to catastrophic failure.
• Operating Temperature:_opr):-40 to +105 °C. This defines the ambient temperature range for reliable operation.
• Storage Temperature:_stg):-40 to +100 °C.

3. Grading System Description

The product employs a comprehensive binning system to ensure consistency in luminous flux, forward voltage, and chromaticity.

3.1 Luminous Flux Grading

Luminous flux is binned using specific codes. For example:

• 2400K:The grades include 23L2, 25L2, 27L2.
• 2700K to 6500K:Grading includes 24L2, 26L2, 28L2, 30L2, 32L2.

All grades are measured at If=60mA with a tolerance of ±11%._F=60mA with a ±11% tolerance.

3.2 Bincike na ƙarfin lantarki mai gaba

Forward voltage is grouped under code "2833" and further binned with a 0.1V step:

• 28A: 2.8 - 2.9V
• 29A: 2.9 - 3.0V
• 30A: 3.0 - 3.1V
• 31A: 3.1 - 3.2V
• 32A: 3.2 - 3.3V

Tolerance is ±0.1V. Selecting a lower Vf bin can reduce driver losses._Fbin can reduce driver losses.

3.3 Chromaticity and Correlated Color Temperature Grading

LED yana amfani da tsarin rarrabawar launi na ANSI wanda aka ayyana bisa ga zane na launi na CIE 1931. Takardar ƙayyadaddun bayanai tana ba da cikakkun akwatunan ma'auni na kowane CCT da ƙananan rarrabuwa. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa hasken fari da ake fitarwa yana faɗowa cikin yankin launi da aka ayyana. Kewayon CCT na samarwa yana daga 2400K zuwa 6500K.

3.4 Color Rendering Index Grading

Ana nuna CRI a cikin nau'in samfur tare da lambar harafi ɗaya:

• M: CRI 60
• N: CRI 65
• L: CRI 70
• Q: CRI 75
• K: CRI 80
• P: CRI 85
• H: CRI 90

The standard mass-produced model is graded as "K". The tolerance is ±2.

4. Performance Curve Analysis and Design Considerations

Although specific performance curves are not provided in the abstract, key relationships can be inferred from the parameters.

4.1 Relationship Between Current and Luminous Flux/Voltage

All main characteristics are specified at 60mA. Operating at lower currents reduces light output and forward voltage, while increasing the current up to a maximum of 75mA increases both. The relationship is typically linear within this range, but luminous efficacy may decrease at higher currents due to increased thermal load.

4.2 Temperature Dependence

LED performance is sensitive to temperature. As the junction temperature increases:

• Luminous flux decreases:Light output typically decreases. A thermal resistance of 21°C/W is key for estimating Tj._j.
• Forward voltage decreases: V_FVf has a negative temperature coefficient.
• Chromaticity may shift:White point may shift slightly with temperature.

Kufa kwa joto kwa kiasi kinachofaa ni muhimu kwa kudumisha utendaji na maisha ya kifaa.

4.3 Spectral Distribution

Kama LED ya mwanga mweupe, inatumia chip ya InGaN ya bluu iliyochanganywa na safu ya fosforesensi kutoa mwanga mweupe. CCT inafafanua "joto" au "baridi" ya mwanga mweupe. CRI 80 inaonyesha uokoaji mzuri wa rangi katika anuwai nzima ya wigo unaoonekana, lakini kuna ukomo unaojulikana kuhusu thamani ya R9.

5. Mechanical Structure, Packaging and Assembly Information

5.1 Packaging and Dimensions

The LED uses a standard PLCC-2 surface mount package. Although the provided text does not detail the exact dimensions, this type of package typically has a low profile and is designed for SMT assembly. The top view shows the light-emitting surface.

5.2 Soldering Guidelines

Na'urar tana da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki, dole ne a ɗauki matakan rigakafi masu dacewa. Ƙa'idodin walda kamar haka:

• Walda mai sake dawowa:Peak temperature up to 260°C, lasting 10 seconds.
• Hand soldering:Soldering iron tip temperature not exceeding 350°C, lasting 3 seconds.

Adhering to these specifications is crucial to prevent damage to the plastic encapsulation and internal chip connections.

5.3 Polarity Identification

The PLCC-2 package has two pins. The cathode is typically identified by markings on the package, such as a notch, a green dot, or a cut corner. Correct polarity must be observed during assembly.

6. Ordering Information and Model Decoding

The model number follows a specific structure:67-21ST/KKE-HXXXX33Z6/2T

• 67-21ST/: Basic encapsulation code.
• KKEInternal code.
• HPerformance code prefix.
• XXThe first two digits represent CCT.
• XXThe next two digits indicate the minimum luminous flux bin.
• 33Forward voltage code.
• Z6: Forward current code.
• /2T: Package code.

Example: Translation:67-21ST/KKE-H302633Z6/2T is decoded as: CRI 80, CCT 3000K, minimum luminous flux 26 lumens, maximum Vf 3.3V, If 60mA._F.3V max, I_F 60mA.

. Application Suggestions & Design Notes

7. Application Suggestions and Design Considerations

7.1 Drive Circuit Design

For stable operation, please use a constant current driver set to 60mA. The driver must be capable of providing a voltage higher than the maximum forward voltage of the selected bin. Consider inrush current protection.

7.2 Thermal Management Design_jCalculate the expected junction temperature: Tj = Ts + (Rth J-S * Pd), where Ts is the solder point temperature, Pd = Vf * If. Ensure Tj is well below 125°C, ideally below 85°C for optimal lifespan. Use sufficient copper area on the PCB for heat dissipation._s+ (R_{th J-S}* P_d), where T_sis the soldering point temperature and P_d= V_F* I_F. Ensure T_jremains well below 125°C, ideally below 85°C for optimal lifetime. Use adequate copper area on the PCB for heat spreading.

7.3 Optical Design

The 120-degree viewing angle is inherently diffuse. For directional lighting, secondary optics are required. Transparent resin allows for good light extraction.

8. Technical Comparison and Market Background

67-21ST belongs to the popular mid-power LED category, competing with other PLCC-2 and similar package types. Its differentiation lies in the specific combination of luminous flux, CRI, and voltage binning, as well as its compliance certifications. Compared to high-power LEDs, it has a lower thermal density and is typically driven in arrays to achieve higher total light output. Compared to low-power LEDs, it offers significantly higher luminous efficacy and luminous flux.

9. Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the typical lifespan of this LED?
A: Although not explicitly stated in the summary, LED lifespan largely depends on operating conditions, primarily junction temperature. When operated within specifications and with good thermal management, the expected typical lifespan is 25,000 to 50,000 hours.

Q: Can I drive this LED continuously at 75mA?
A: Yes, 75mA is the absolute maximum continuous rating. However, driving at the maximum current generates more heat, reduces luminous efficacy, and may shorten lifespan. It is recommended to operate at the recommended 60mA for optimal performance and reliability.

Q: How to choose the appropriate CCT and CRI for my application?
A: For ambient lighting, models with 2700K-4000K and CRI 80+ are typically used. For retail or task lighting where color accuracy is critical, consider models with CRI 90+. For decorative lighting, the choice depends on the desired atmosphere.

Q: Is a single series resistor sufficient to drive this LED?
A: For basic, non-critical applications with stable voltage supply, a simple series resistor can be used. However, a constant current driver is strongly recommended for stable light output, higher efficiency, and protection against voltage variations and thermal runaway.

10. Practical Application Cases

Scenario: Designing a linear LED tube.

1. Requirements:1200流明输出，4000K中性白，CRI >80，输入电压24V DC。
2. Selection:Select model 67-21ST/KKE-H402833Z6/2T._F~3.1V typ).
3. Array design:To achieve 1200 lumens, approximately 43 LEDs are required. Arrange them in a series-parallel configuration compatible with a 24V driver. Detailed design requires calculation.
4. Thermal Design:Total power is about 8W. Ensure the metal core PCB or heat sink can dissipate heat to keep the LED junction temperature cool.
5. Optical Design:A single LED point is blended into uniform light using a diffuser cover.

This example illustrates the process of scaling up from a single LED datasheet to a functional lighting product.

11. Working Principles

The 67-21ST LED operates based on the principle of semiconductor electroluminescence. When a forward current is applied to its p-n junction, the InGaN chip emits blue light. This blue light excites the yellow phosphor layer coated on or around the chip. The blue light from the chip mixes with the yellow/red light from the phosphor, creating the perception of white light. The precise ratio of blue light to phosphor-converted light determines the correlated color temperature of the emitted white light.

12. Technical Trends and Background

O LED e pei o le 67-21ST e fai ma sui o se vaega matua ma sili ona lelei ua fa'aleleia i tekinolosi LED. O fa'asologa o lo'o i ai nei i lenei matā'upu e taula'i i:

• Fa'aleleia atili le aoga o le malamalama:Continuous improvements in chip design and phosphor efficiency.
• Higher CRI with better R9:Developing phosphor systems that improve red color rendition without significant loss of luminous efficacy.
• Color Tuning:The growth of tunable white products, often using multiple LED chips in a single package.
• Miniaturization and Higher Density:Kufanya mwanga wa taa uwe mzuri zaidi kwa kutumia nafasi ndogo au sawa.
• Kuongeza uaminifu na maisha ya muda mrefu:Kuboresha nyenzo na mbinu za kufunga ili kustahimili joto la juu na mazingira magumu.

Bidhaa hii iko katika mazingira haya yanayobadilika, ikitoa suluhisho la kuaminika na la kawaida kwa matumizi mengi ya mwanga wa jumla.