SMD RGB LED Mai Haɗaɗɗun Direba - 3.2x2.8x1.9mm - 5V - 88mW - Ja/Kore/Shuɗi - Takardun Bayanai na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun ƙaramin ɓangaren LED mai hawa a saman, wanda aka ƙera don haɗaɗɗun allon da'ira na bugu ta atomatik. Na'urar ta haɗa ƙananan guntu LED guda uku (Ja, Kore, Shuɗi) tare da da'irar direba 8-bit a cikin kunshi ɗaya. Wannan haɗakarwa tana ba da damar sarrafa kowane tashar launi daidai, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haɗa launuka daidai da daidaita haske mai ƙima. Ana ba da ɓangaren a kan kaset mai daidaitaccen masana'antu na 8mm da aka nannade akan reel na inci 7, wanda ke sauƙaƙa sanyawa ta atomatik mai yawa.

1.1 Siffofi

• Yana bin umarnin muhalli na RoHS.
• Yana amfani da ingantattun kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP (Ja) da InGaN (Kore, Shuɗi) don haske mafi girma.
• Haɗaɗɗun da'irar direba 8-bit tana ba da matakan haske daban-daban 256 ga kowane tashar launi guda uku (Ja, Kore, Shuɗi).
• Babban mitar duban bayanai ba ƙasa da 800 kHz yana tabbatar da sauƙin canjin launuka da mitar sabuntawa.
• An kunna shi akan kaset mai ɗaukar 8mm don dacewa da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa na atomatik na daidaitaccen.
• Yana dacewa da hanyoyin ginin goge-goge na infrared (IR), wanda ya dace da haɗawa mara gubar.
• Shigar da matakin ma'ana ya dace don sauƙaƙe haɗawa da microcontrollers da da'irori na dijital.

1.2 Aikace-aikace

An ƙera na'urar don faɗin kewayon kayan aikin lantarki inda sarari, haɗawa ta atomatik, da sarrafa launi daidai suke da muhimmanci. Manyan wuraren aikace-aikace sun haɗa da:

• Hasken Baya:Hasken maɓalli, madannai, da kuma hasken allon kayan ado a cikin na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci, sarrafa ofis, da kayan aikin gida.
• Masu Nuna Matsayi:Masu nuna matsayi da siginar launuka da yawa a cikin na'urorin sadarwa, hanyoyin sadarwa, da kayan sarrafa masana'antu.
• Ƙananan Nuni & Alamomi:Ƙananan ɓangarori pixel don nunin bayanai, fitilun alama, da hasken kayan ado.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani na Haƙiƙa

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙimomi suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_D):88 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin jimillar wutar lantarki da kunshin zai iya watsawa azaman zafi. Wucewa wannan iyaka yana haifar da haɗarin zafi mai yawa a cikin IC na ciki da guntun LED.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na IC (V_DD):+4.2V zuwa +5.5V. Haɗaɗɗun da'irar direba tana buƙatar wadataccen wutar lantarki a cikin wannan kewayon don aiki mai dogaro. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki a waje da wannan kewayon na iya haifar da rashin aiki ko lalacewa.
• Jimillar Ƙarfin Kwarara na Gaba (I_F):16 mA DC. Wannan shine matsakaicin jimillar ƙarfin kwarara da za a iya ba da shi ga dukkan tashoshin LED guda uku lokaci ɗaya.
• Zazzabin Aiki (T_op):-20°C zuwa +85°C. An ba da garantin cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zazzabin yanayi.
• Zazzabin Ajiya (T_stg):-30°C zuwa +85°C.
• Zazzabin Ginin Goge-goge:Yana jure 260°C na dakika 10, yana daidaitawa da yanayin sake kwarara mara gubar na al'ada.

Muhimmin Bayanin Ƙira:IC ɗin da aka haɗa yana samar da zafi yayin aiki. Tsarin sarrafa zafi na PCB da aka ƙera da kyau (misali, isasshen zubar da tagulla, ramukan zafi) yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye zafi a wurin ginin goge-goge na LED a ƙasa da 85°C don dogon lokaci mai dogaro.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Hasken Gani

An auna shi a zazzabin yanayi (T_a) na 25°C tare da V_DD=5V kuma duk tashoshin launi an saita su zuwa haske mafi girma (bayanai = 8'b11111111).

• Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (I_V):
  • Ja (AlInGaP): 71.0 - 180.0 mcd (millicandela)
  • Kore (InGaN): 180.0 - 355.0 mcd
  • Shuɗi (InGaN): 35.5 - 71.0 mcd
  Takamaiman ƙarfi na wani raka'a an ƙaddara shi ta lambar kwandon sa (duba Sashe na 4).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 120. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin hasken gani ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar axial mafi girma, yana nuna faɗaɗa tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi wanda ya dace da hasken yanki.
• Tsawon Tsinkaya Mai Rinjaye (λ_d):
  • Ja: 620.0 - 628.0 nm
  • Kore: 522.0 - 530.0 nm
  • Shuɗi: 464.0 - 472.0 nm
  Wannan ma'auni yana ayyana launin hasken da ake gani kuma yana ƙarƙashin rarrabawa.
• Ƙarfin Kwarara na IC (I_Fkowane tasho):Yawanci 5 mA a kowane tashar launi lokacin da aka sarrafa shi a V_DD=5V. Wannan shine ƙarfin kwarara na dindindin da direban ciki ya saita don kowane LED.
• Ƙarfin Kwarara na IC a Hutu (I_DD):Yawanci 0.8 mA lokacin da duk bayanan LED an saita su zuwa '0' (matsayin kashe). Wannan shine wutar lantarki da da'irar direba kanta ta cinye lokacin da ba ta kunna LED ɗin aiki ba.

2.3 Mahadar Digital & Lokaci

Na'urar tana amfani da ƙa'idar bayanai ta siriri mai waya ɗaya don karɓar bayanai na 24-bit (bit 8 ga kowane tashar Ja, Kore, da Shuɗi).

• Matakan Ma'ana:
  • Ƙarfin shigarwa mai girma (V_IH): ≥ 3.0V
  • Ƙarfin shigarwa ƙananan (V_IL): ≤ 0.3 * V_DD
• Lokacin Bayanai (T_H+ T_L= 1.2 µs ± 300ns):
  • Bit '0':Lokaci mai girma (T_0H) = 300ns ±150ns, Lokaci ƙananan (T_0L) = 900ns ±150ns.
  • Bit '1':Lokaci mai girma (T_1H) = 900ns ±150ns, Lokaci ƙananan (T_1L) = 300ns ±150ns.
• Lokacin Kulle (LAT):Ƙaramin bugun jini akan layin bayanai wanda ya wuce 250 µs yana nuna alamar ƙarshen firam ɗin bayanai. IC ɗin yana kulle (adana) bayanan 24-bit da aka karɓa kuma yana sabunta fitarwar LED daidai. Kada a yi watsa bayanai yayin wannan lokacin kulle.

Kwararar Bayanai:Ana canza bayanai ta hanyar siriri ta fil ɗin DIN. Bayan karɓar bit 24, umarnin kulle yana sabunta rajistar ciki. Ana fitar da bayanan ta fil ɗin DOUT, wanda ke ba da damar haɗa na'urori da yawa ta hanyar fil ɗin microcontroller ɗaya.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba na'urori zuwa kwandon aiki. Ma'auni biyu masu mahimmanci ana rarraba su: Ƙarfin Hasken Gani da Tsawon Tsinkaya Mai Rinjaye.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken Gani

Ana rarraba kowane tashar launi daban tare da juzu'i na ±15% a cikin kowane kwandon.

• Ja:Kwandon Q1 (71.0-90.0 mcd), Q2 (90.0-112.0 mcd), R1 (112.0-140.0 mcd), R2 (140.0-180.0 mcd).
• Kore:Kwandon S1 (180.0-224.0 mcd), S2 (224.0-280.0 mcd), T1 (280.0-355.0 mcd).
• Shuɗi:Kwandon N2 (35.5-45.0 mcd), P1 (45.0-56.0 mcd), P2 (56.0-71.0 mcd).

3.2 Rarraba Tsawon Tsinkaya (Launi)

Wannan rarrabawar tana tabbatar da madaidaicin wuraren launi. Juzu'i shine ±1 nm a cikin kowane kwandon.

• Ja:Kwandon U (620.0-624.0 nm), Kwandon V (624.0-628.0 nm).
• Kore:Kwandon P (522.0-526.0 nm), Kwandon Q (526.0-530.0 nm).
• Shuɗi:Kwandon C (464.0-468.0 nm), Kwandon D (468.0-472.0 nm).

Tasirin Ƙira:Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton launi a cikin raka'o'i da yawa, ana ba da shawarar ƙayyadaddun lambobin kwandon ko siyan daga rukunin samarwa ɗaya.

4. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshin

4.1 Girman Na'ura da Tsarin Fil

Bangaren yana da ƙaramin ƙafa. Manyan ma'auni sun haɗa da girman jiki kusan 3.2mm x 2.8mm tare da tsayi na 1.9mm. Juzu'i yawanci ±0.15mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade.

Tsarin Fil:

1. V_DD:Shigar da wutar lantarki don haɗaɗɗun da'irar direba IC (+4.2V zuwa +5.5V).
2. DIN:Shigar da bayanai na siriri. Ana canza bayanan sarrafa tashoshin RGB ta wannan fil.
3. V_SS:Haɗin ƙasa.
4. DOUT:Fitar da bayanai na siriri. Ana amfani dashi don haɗa na'urori da yawa; yana fitar da bayanan da aka karɓa daga DIN bayan jinkiri na ciki.

Ruwan tabarau yana da tsabta, yana ba da damar ganin asalin launin kowane guntu LED.

4.2 Tsarin Fil na PCB da Ake Ba da Shawara

An ba da shawarar tsarin fil ɗin ginin goge-goge don tabbatar da ginin goge-goge mai dogaro da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Ƙirar takan haɗa da haɗin kai na zafi da isasshen girman fil don sauƙaƙe samuwar haɗin gini mai kyau yayin sake kwarara.

5. Jagororin Haɗawa & Gudanarwa

5.1 Tsarin Ginin Goge-goge

Na'urar tana dacewa da hanyoyin ginin goge-goge na infrared (IR) ta amfani da ginin goge-goge mara gubar (Pb-free). Matsakaicin zazzabin jiki da aka ba da shawarar shine 260°C, wanda bai kamata a wuce shi fiye da dakika 10 ba. Ya kamata a bi daidaitattun bayanan sake kwarara don ɓangarorin masu rauni na danshi (MSL).

5.2 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan haɗawa, nutsar da allon da aka haɗa a cikin barasa na ethyl ko barasa na isopropyl a zazzabin daki ba fiye da minti ɗaya ba. Yin amfani da tsaftataccen sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba ko kuma mai ƙarfi na iya lalata kayan kunshin LED.

5.3 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

Haɗaɗɗun da'ira da guntun LED suna da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki. Dole ne a sami ingantattun sarrafawa na ESD yayin gudanarwa da haɗawa:

• Ma'aikata ya kamata su sanya bel ɗin wuyan da aka kafa ko safar hannu masu hana tashin hankali.
• Dole ne duk tashoshin aiki, kayan aiki, da kayan aiki su kasance da tushe daidai.
• Ajiye da jigilar ɓangarori a cikin kunshin kariya na ESD.

5.4 Yanayin Ajiya

• Jakar Kariya daga Danshi (MBB):Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% Danshi Dangi (RH). Tsawon rayuwar shimfidar shekara ɗaya ne daga ranar rufe jakar lokacin da aka ajiye tare da busassun abinci a ciki.
• Bayan Buɗe Jakar:Idan ba a yi amfani da shi nan da nan ba, ya kamata a ajiye ɓangarorin a cikin yanayi wanda bai wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci bayan buɀe, ana iya buƙatar gasa bisa daidaitattun hanyoyin matakin danshi na IPC/JEDEC kafin sake kwarara.

6. Kunshin da Oda

6.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kaset da Reel

Ana ba da na'urar don haɗawa ta atomatik:

• Faɗin Kaset: 8mm.
• Diamita na Reel:Inci 7 (178mm).
• Adadin kowane Reel:Guda 4000.
• Mafi ƙarancin Adadin Oda (MOQ):Guda 500 don sauran adadi.
• Rufe Aljihu:Ana rufe aljihun ɓangarorin tare da kaset ɗin saman.
• Bangarorin da suka ɓace:Ana ba da izinin aljihu fanko guda biyu a jere bisa ga ƙayyadaddun.
• Daidaitaccen:Kunshin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481.

7. Bayanin Aikace-aikace & Abubuwan Ɗauka a Zukata

7.1 Da'irar Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Aiwatar da al'ada ta ƙunshi haɗa fil ɗin I/O na gaba ɗaya (GPIO) na microcontroller zuwa DIN na farkon LED a cikin sarkar. DOUT na farkon LED yana haɗawa da DIN na na gaba, da sauransu. Don haka GPIO ɗaya zai iya sarrafa dogon layin LED. Dole ne a samar da wadataccen wutar lantarki 5V mara raguwa ga V_DDfil, tare da capacitor na kewaye na gida (misali, 100nF) da aka sanya kusa da kowane na'ura ko ƙaramin rukuni na na'urori.

7.2 Gudanar da Zazzabi

Kamar yadda aka haskaka a cikin ƙima, ƙirar zafi tana da mahimmanci. PCB ya kamata ya yi amfani da jiragen tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa filayen ƙasa (V_SS) don zama mai sanyaya zafi. Ramukan zafi a ƙarƙashin na'urar na iya taimakawa wajen canja wurin zafi zuwa ciki ko ƙananan yadudduka. Don aiki mai haske ko babban aiki, kula da zazzabin fil don tabbatar da cewa ya kasance ƙasa da 85°C.

7.3 Ingantaccen Siginar Bayanai

Don dogayen sarkoki ko a cikin yanayi mai hayaniyar lantarki, yi la'akari da waɗannan:

• Ka kiyaye layukan bayanai gajere kamar yadda zai yiwu.
• Ka guji gudanar da layukan bayanai a layi daya da manyan ƙarfin kwarara ko alamun canzawa.
• Ƙananan resistor na jerin (misali, 33-100 Ω) da aka sanya kusa da fil ɗin fitarwa na microcontroller na iya taimakawa rage ƙararrawa akan layin bayanai.
• Tabbatar cewa microcontroller zai iya samar da daidaitaccen lokacin bit na 1.2µs da ƙa'idar ke buƙata.

7.4 Jerin Wutar Lantarki da Ƙarfin Kwarara na Farko

Lokacin kunna dogon sarkar LED, kunna direban IC na ciki lokaci ɗaya na iya haifar da ƙaramin ƙarfin kwarara na ɗan lokaci akan layin V_DDLayin wutar lantarki da alamun PCB dole ne a ƙididdige su don sarrafa wannan ba tare da faɗuwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki ba. Da'irar farawa a hankali ko karkatar da sarkoki daban-daban na iya zama dole a cikin manyan tsararrun.

8. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

8.1 Shin Zan iya sarrafa wannan LED da microcontroller na 3.3V?

Ee, amma da taka tsantsan. Bukatar ƙarfin shigarwa mai girma (V_IH) shine 3.0V mafi ƙarancin. Ma'ana mai girma na 3.3V ya cika wannan ƙayyadaddun. Koyaya, dole ne ka tabbatar cewa wutar lantarki (V_DD) har yanzu yana cikin kewayon da aka ƙayyade na 4.2V zuwa 5.5V. Da'irar direban LED kanta tana buƙatar 5V, don haka ba za ka iya kunna ta daga 3.3V ba.

8.2 Menene manufar fil ɗin DOUT?

Fil ɗin DOUT yana ba da damar haɗa sarkoki. IC ɗin a ciki yana adana bayanan siriri masu shigowa kuma yana fitar da su bayan jinkiri na ƙayyadadden. Wannan yana ba da damar layin bayanai ɗaya daga microcontroller don ciyar da adadin LED mara iyaka a jere, yayin da kowane na'ura ke watsa rafin bayanai zuwa na gaba.

8.3 Ta yaya zan iya ƙididdige jimillar amfani da wutar lantarki?

Jimillar wutar lantarki shine jimillar wutar LED da wutar hutu na IC.
Wutar Lantarki na LED (max):(V_DD* I_{F_Ja}) + (V_DD* I_{F_Kore}) + (V_DD* I_{F_Shuɗi}) ≈ 5V * (5mA+5mA+5mA) = 75mW.
Wutar Lantarki na IC a Hutu: V_DD* I_DD≈ 5V * 0.8mA = 4mW.
Kimanin Jimillar (duka suna kunne):79mW, wanda ke ƙasa da matsakaicin rushewar 88mW. Ka tuna, wannan yana cikin cikakken haske. Ƙananan saitunan haske za su cinye ƙaramin wutar lantarki.

8.4 Me ya sa akwai mafi ƙarancin lokacin kulle na 250µs?

Lokacin kulle (LAT) lokacin sake saita ne. Siginar ƙananan da ya fi 250µs yana gaya wa IC cewa firam ɗin bayanai na 24-bit na yanzu ya cika kuma ya kamata ya sabunta rajistar fitarwa. Wannan hanyar tana tabbatar da daidaitaccen daidaitawa tsakanin mai sarrafawa da sarkar LED, yana hana bayanan da suka lalace daga nunawa.