Takardun Bayani na SMD3528 LED Fari - Girman 3.5x2.8mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 3.2V - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 0.108W - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

SMD3528 LED ne mai fitar da haske na farin haske wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen haske na gabaɗaya. Wannan LED ɗin guda ɗaya yana ba da ƙaramin ƙafafun ƙafa kuma ya dace da hasken baya, fitilun nuna alama, da hasken ado. Babban fa'idar wannan ɓangaren shine a cikin daidaitaccen girman kunshinsa, wanda ke sauƙaƙa hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik kuma yana tabbatar da dacewa tare da tsarin PCB na gama gari. Kasuwar da aka yi niyya ta haɗa da na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci, hasken cikin mota, da masana'antun alamar kasuwanci waɗanda ke neman ingantaccen haske mai tsada.

2. Fassarar Ma'ana Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halaye na Haske da Na Lantarki

Ana siffanta aikin LED a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (T_s=25°C). Maɓallin sigogi suna ayyana iyakokin aikinsa da halayen sa na al'ada.

2.1.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki a waje da waɗannan iyakokin ba.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (I_F):30 mA (Ci gaba)
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba na Bugun jini (I_FP):60 mA (Faɗin bugun jini ≤10ms, Tsarin aiki ≤1/10)
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_D):108 mW
• Zazzabin Aiki (T_opr):-40°C zuwa +80°C
• Zazzabin Ajiya (T_stg):-40°C zuwa +80°C
• Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa (T_j):125°C
• Zazzabin Solder (T_sld):Solder na reflow a 200°C ko 230°C na dakika 10.

2.1.2 Matsakaicin Sigogi na Fasaha

Waɗannan ƙimomi suna wakiltar aikin da ake tsammani a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na al'ada.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):3.2 V (Na al'ada), 3.6 V (Matsakaici) a I_F=20mA
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (I_R):10 μA (Matsakaici)
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2):120° (Na al'ada)

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

An rarraba samfurin zuwa kwandon don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin aikace-aikace. An ayyana rarrabawar ta hanyar ƙa'idar sunan samfurin.

3.1 Tsarin Lambar Samfurin

Lambar samfurin T3200SL(C,W)A tana bin tsarin lambobi na musamman wanda ke ayyana halayensa. Yayin da aka ba da cikakken raguwar lambar a cikin tushe, abubuwa masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da ƙididdigar guntu (S don guntu ɗin ƙaramin ƙarfi guda ɗaya), lambar kunshin (32 don 3528), da lambar launi (C don Farin Tsaka-tsaki, W don Farin Sanyi).

3.2 Rarrabawar Zazzabin Launi Mai Alaka (CCT)

Hasken fari yana samuwa a cikin daidaitattun kwandon CCT da yawa, kowanne yana da alaƙa da yanki na musamman na launi akan zanen CIE.

• 2725K ±145K (Kwandon: 27M5)
• 3045K ±175K (Kwandon: 30M5)
• 3985K ±275K (Kwandon: 40M5)
• 5028K ±283K (Kwandon: 50M5)
• 5665K ±355K (Kwandon: 57M7)
• 6530K ±510K (Kwandon: 65M7)

Lura: Odar suna ƙayyadad da mafi ƙarancin kwandon ƙarfin haske, ba mafi girma ba. Samfuran da aka aika na iya wuce ƙimar ƙarfin hasken da aka oda amma koyaushe za su bi yankin launi na CCT da aka ƙayyade.

3.3 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba ƙarfin haske bisa ga CCT da Fihirisar Fitar Launi (CRI). Tebur suna ayyana mafi ƙanƙanta da ƙimomin al'ada a 20mA. Misali, LED 70 CRI Farin Tsaka-tsaki (3700-5300K) yana da kwandon kamar B6 (7.0-7.5 lm min), B7 (7.5-8.0 lm min), B8 (8.0-8.5 lm min), da B9 (8.5-9.0 lm min). Siffofin CRI mafi girma (80 da 90) suna da ƙananan kwandon ƙarfin haske saboda cinikin tsarin phosphor.

3.4 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

Don taimakawa daidaita ƙarfin lantarki don haɗin jerin gwano, an rarraba ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Lambobin suna kewayo daga B (2.8-2.9V) zuwa J (3.5-3.6V), tare da ƙimar auna na ±0.08V.

3.5 Yankunan Launi

Kowane kwandon CCT yayi daidai da yanki mai siffar ellipse akan zanen launi na CIE 1931. Ƙayyadaddun yana ba da daidaitattun ma'auni (x, y), tsayin ma'auni na rabi-manyan (b) da rabi-ƙanana (a), da kusurwar jujjuyawar ellipse (Φ). An ayyana waɗannan ellipses bisa ga ƙa'idodin ANSI C78.377 (matakan 5 ko matakan 7 na MacAdam ellipses), yana tabbatar da cewa hasken daga LEDs a cikin kwandon ɗaya yana bayyana daidai a launi ga idon ɗan adam.

4. Bincike na Lankwasa Ayyuka

4.1 Lankwasa Halayen Ƙarfin Lantarki da Ƙarfin Lantarki (I-V)

Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana ƙaruwa ba tare da layi ba tare da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi amfani da wannan lankwasa don zaɓar madaidaicin resistors masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki ko da'irori masu tuƙi don tabbatar da aiki mai ƙarfi da hana wuce matsakaicin ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki.

4.2 Ƙarfin Haske Mai Alaka da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

Fitowar haske yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin lantarki amma a ƙarshe zai cika. Yin aiki sosai sama da ƙarfin lantarki na gwaji na 20mA na iya haifar da raguwar inganci da saurin raguwar lumen saboda ƙaruwar zazzabin haɗin gwiwa.

4.3 Rarraba Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Bakan (SPD)

Lankwasa ƙarfin bakan mai alaka yana nuna bakan fitarwa na LED fari, wanda haɗuwa ne na hasken shuɗi daga guntun semiconductor da faɗaɗɗen hasken rawaya/ja daga rufin phosphor. Lankwasa tana ɗan motsi tare da canje-canje a cikin CCT: fararen fari masu dumi (2600-3700K) suna da ƙarin ƙarfi a cikin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (ja), yayin da fararen fari masu sanyi (5000-10000K) suna da kololuwar shuɗi mafi girma.

4.4 Zazzabi na Haɗin gwiwa da Ƙarfin Bakan Mai Alaka

Yayin da zazzabin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi, ingancin phosphor da guntun kansa na iya canzawa, yana iya haifar da motsi a cikin SPD da ɗan canji a cikin launin da aka gane (canjin launi) da raguwar fitowar haske. Gudanar da zafi mai dacewa yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aiki mai daidaito.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

Kunshin SMD3528 yana da girman girman 3.5mm a tsayi da 2.8mm a faɗi. An ba da cikakken zanen girma tare da ƙimar jurewa: girman .X yana da ƙimar jurewa na ±0.10mm, kuma girman .XX yana da ƙimar jurewa na ±0.05mm.

5.2 Tsarin Kafafun Ƙafa da ƙirar Stencil

An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa (sawun ƙafa) don ƙirar PCB, tare da daidaitaccen tsarin stencil don aikace-aikacen man solder. Bin waɗannan shawarwari yana tabbatar da samuwar haɗin gwiwar solder mai inganci yayin reflow.

5.3 Gano Polarity

Bangaren yana da alamar cathode (yawanci layi kore, tsaga, ko wata alama akan kunshin) don nuna polarity. Daidaitaccen alkibla yana da mahimmanci don aikin da'ira.

6. Jagororin Solder da Taro

6.1 Hancin Danshi da Gasawa

SMD3528 LED an rarraba shi azaman mai hancin danshi bisa ga IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020C. Idan an buɗe jakar shinge na danshi na asali kuma an fallasa abubuwan zuwa danshi na yanayi, dole ne a gasa su kafin solder reflow don hana "popcorning" ko lalacewar ciki yayin aikin zafi mai zafi.

• Yanayin Gasawa:60°C na sa'o'i 24.
• Bayan Gasawa:Ya kamata a solder abubuwan cikin sa'a 1 ko a adana su a cikin akwati tare da danshi <20%.
• Kadaa gasa a yanayin zafi sama da 60°C.

6.2 Bayanin Siffar Solder na Reflow

LED na iya jure daidaitattun sifofin solder na reflow tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 200°C ko 230°C na iyakacin dakika 10. Ya kamata a inganta takamaiman bayanin (ƙimar haɓakawa, lokacin jiƙa, matsakaicin zafin jiki, ƙimar sanyaya) don dukan taron amma dole ne ya tsaya cikin waɗannan iyakokin.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

• Kunshin da ba a buɗe ba:Ajiye a 5-30°C, danshi <85%.
• Kunshin da aka buɗe:Ajiye a 5-30°C, danshi <60%. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci na buɗaɗɗen fakiti, ana ba da shawarar sosai don amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant ko yanayin nitrogen don hana shan danshi.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin

Yawanci ana samar da LEDs akan tef da reel don injunan ɗauka da sanyawa na atomatik. Takamaiman girman reel, ƙididdigar aljihu, da faɗin tef sun yi daidai da ƙa'idodin masana'antu (misali, EIA-481).

7.2 Lambar Samfurin Oda

Cikakken lambar samfurin, kamar T3200SLWA, dole ne a ƙayyade don samun haɗin halaye da ake so: kunshin (3528), nau'in guntu, launi (Farin Sanyi), da lambar ciki. Tuntuɓar masana'anta ya zama dole don haɗuwar ƙarfin haske da CCT marasa daidaito.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

• Hasken Baya:Don allunan LCD a cikin na'urori, sarrafa masana'antu, da dashboard na mota.
• Fitilun Nuna Alama na Gabaɗaya:Alamomin matsayi akan na'urorin lantarki.
• Hasken Ado:Hasken accent a cikin samfuran mabukaci.
• Alama da Haruffa Channel:Hasken ƙaramin ƙarfi don alamun cikin gida.

8.2 Abubuwan Ƙirar da Ake Kula

• Tuƙin Ƙarfin Lantarki:Koyaushe yi amfani da direban ƙarfin lantarki mai tsayi ko resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki. Kada a haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Ko da yake ƙaramin ƙarfi, tabbatar da PCB yana da isasshen taimakon zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi zai rage fitowar haske da tsawon rayuwa.
• Ƙirar Gani:Kusurwar kallo na 120° yana ba da haske mai faɗi. Don tarin katako, ana buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau).
• Rarrabawa don Daidaito:Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar kamanni iri ɗaya, ƙayyade matsananciyar CCT da kwandon ƙarfin haske. Yin amfani da LEDs daga kwandon daban-daban a cikin samfurin ɗaya na iya haifar da bambancin launi ko haske da ake iya gani.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha

SMD3528 kunshin ne na gado wanda aka maye gurbinsa da yawa da ƙarin ingantattun fakiti kamar 2835 da 3030. Babban bambancinsa shine a cikin yaduwar samuwa, ƙarancin tsada, da faɗaɗɗen amfani da tarihi a cikin ƙira. Idan aka kwatanta da sabbin fakiti, gabaɗaya yana da ƙarancin inganci na haske (lumens kowace watt) kuma yana iya samun babban juriya na zafi. Duk da haka, don aikace-aikacen masu hankali kan tsada ko maye gurbin kai tsaye a cikin samfuran da ke akwai, ya kasance zaɓi mai yuwuwa.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin kwandon CCT (misali, 27M5 da 30M5)?

Lambar (27, 30) tana nufin daidaitaccen zazzabin launi mai alaka da aka raba ta 100 (misali, 2700K, 3000K). Haɗin harafi/lamba (M5, M7) yana nufin girman ellipse na launi akan zanen CIE, tare da M7 yana wakiltar babban canjin launi da aka yarda fiye da M5. Kwandon mai matsi (M5) yana tabbatar da ingantaccen daidaiton launi.

10.2 Zan iya tuka wannan LED a 30mA a ci gaba?

Yayin da matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici shine 30mA, yanayin gwaji na al'ada da mafi yawan bayanan ayyuka an ƙayyade su a 20mA. Yin aiki a 30mA zai samar da ƙarin haske amma kuma zai haifar da ƙarin zafi sosai, yana iya rage tsawon rayuwa da haifar da canjin launi. Yana da kyau a ƙira don ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki na aiki (misali, 15-20mA) don inganci da inganci.

10.3 Me ya sa gasawa ya zama dole, kuma ta yaya zan san idan LED na yana buƙata?

Kunshin filastik na iya shan danshi daga iska. Yayin solder reflow, wannan danshi ya juya zuwa tururi cikin sauri, yana iya haifar da ɓarna ko tsaga. Duba katin nuna alamar danshi a cikin jakar shinge na danshi nan da nan bayan buɗewa. Idan katin ya nuna matakin danshi sama da ƙayyadadden bakin kofa (misali, 10% ko 30%, dangane da matakin hankali), ko kuma idan an buɗe jakar na tsawon lokaci a cikin yanayi mai danshi, ana buƙatar gasawa.

10.4 Ta yaya zan fassara lambar kwandon ƙarfin haske (misali, B7)?

Lambar kwandon ƙarfin haske (A9, B1, B2... B9) tana ayyana kewayon mafi ƙanƙanta ƙimar ƙarfin haske. Misali, kwandon B7 don LED 70 CRI Farin Tsaka-tsaki yana ba da garantin mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin haske na lumens 7.5 a 20mA, tare da ƙimar al'ada har zuwa lumens 8.0. Ainihin sassan da aka aika za su kasance a ko sama da mafi ƙarancin ƙimar don wannan kwandon.

11. Harka ta Ƙira ta Aiki

11.1 Ƙirar Jerin LED na Ƙarfin Lantarki Mai Tsayi

Yi la'akari da ƙirar allon haske ta amfani da SMD3528 LEDs 20 a cikin tsarin jerin gwano. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske, ya kamata a yi amfani da LEDs daga kwandon CCT da ƙarfin haske iri ɗaya. Idan zaɓaɓɓen kwandon yana da V na al'ada_Fna 3.2V a 20mA, kuma akwai wutar lantarki ta DC 24V, zaku iya shirya LEDs 10 a jere (10 * 3.2V = 32V, wanda ya wuce 24V). Mafi kyawun tsari zai iya zama igiyoyi 5 na LEDs 4 a jere. Kowane zaren zai faɗi kusan 12.8V (4 * 3.2V). Za a ƙididdige resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki don kowane zare kamar R = (V_supply- V_string) / I_F= (24V - 12.8V) / 0.020A = 560 Ω. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka ɓata a cikin kowane resistor zai kasance P = I²R = (0.02)²* 560 = 0.224W, don haka ana ba da shawarar resistor 0.25W ko 0.5W. Wannan ƙirar tana ba da redundancy (idan LED ɗaya ya gaza buɗewa, kawai zarensa ya fita) kuma yana taimakawa sarrafa ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki a cikin LEDs.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'ida

SMD LED fari yana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor, haɗe da jujjuyawar phosphor. Guntu, yawanci an yi shi da indium gallium nitride (InGaN), yana fitar da hasken shuɗi lokacin da aka nuna shi gaba. Wannan hasken shuɗi wani ɓangare yana shanye ta hanyar Layer na kayan phosphor (misali, yttrium aluminum garnet da aka yi da cerium, YAG:Ce) da aka lulluɓe akan ko kewaye da guntun. Phosphor yana shanye photons shuɗi kuma yana sake fitar da haske a faɗin bakan a yankin rawaya. Haɗuwar sauran hasken shuɗi da canza hasken rawaya idon ɗan adam yana ganinsa azaman fari. Ainihin rabon hasken shuɗi zuwa hasken rawaya, wanda aka sarrafa ta hanyar abun da ke ciki na phosphor da kauri, yana ƙayyade zazzabin launi mai alaka (CCT) na fitar da hasken fari.

13. Trends na Ci Gaba

Gabaɗayan yanayin fasahar LED yana zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), ingantaccen fitar da launi, da ingantaccen aminci a ƙarancin tsada. Don fakiti a cikin wannan nau'in girman, masana'antu sun yi ƙaura da yawa zuwa kunshin 2835, wanda sau da yawa yana ba da ingantaccen aikin zafi da fitar da haske mafi girma a cikin ambulaf mai girman iri ɗaya. Har ila yau, akwai ci gaba mai ci gaba don inganta tsarin phosphor don ƙimar Fihirisar Fitar Launi (CRI) mafi girma, musamman R9 (ja mai cika), da kuma samun mafi daidaitaccen launi akan kusurwa da zafin jiki. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin gwiwar LEDs tare da masu tuƙi masu hankali da sarrafawa don farin da za a iya daidaitawa (CCT mai daidaitawa) shine yanayin aikace-aikace mai girma, ko da yake yawanci yana buƙatar fakiti masu yawa.