Takardun Bayanai na SMD5050 RGB LED Mai Cikakken Launi - Girman 5.0x5.0x1.6mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 2.2-3.4V - Ƙarfin Wuta 0.846W - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

SMD5050-RGB babban LED ne mai inganci, mai haɗawa da allon, mai cikakken launi wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haɗa launuka masu haske da aiki mai dogaro. Wannan na'urar tana haɗa guntun LED ja, kore, da shuɗi a cikin marufi guda 5.0mm x 5.0mm, yana ba da damar samar da fa'idodin launuka ta hanyar daidaita faɗin bugun jini (PWM) ko sarrafa halin yanzu na analog. Manyan aikace-aikacensa sun haɗa da hasken kayan ado, hasken gine-gine, hasken baya don nuni, alamomi, da na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci inda ake son tasirin launi mai ƙarfi.

Babban fa'idar wannan LED yana cikin ƙaramin siffarsa wanda ke ɗauke da fitilun fitilu guda uku daban-daban, yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar PCB da haɗawa idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda uku daban-daban. Yana ba da matsakaicin faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120, yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi da ganuwa daga mahanga daban-daban. An ƙera marufin don dacewa da daidaitattun hanyoyin haɗawa na SMT (Fasahar Haɗawa da Allon), gami da gudanar da sayar da sake kunnawa.

2. Ma'auni da Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar (Ta=25°C)

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba.

• Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IF):90 mA (ci gaba)
• Halin Yanzu na Bugun Jini na Gaba (IFP):120 mA (Faɗin bugun jini ≤10ms, Zagayowar aiki ≤1/10)
• Rushewar Wuta (PD):846 mW
• Yanayin Zafin Aiki (Topr):-40°C zuwa +80°C
• Yanayin Zafin Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +80°C
• Yanayin Zafin Haɗuwa (Tj):125°C
• Yanayin Zafin Solder (Tsld):200°C ko 230°C na dakika 10 (bayyanannen sake kunnawa)

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske (Ta=25°C)

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana matsakaicin aiki a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Ja, VF_R):Matsakaicin 2.2V, Matsakaicin 2.6V (a IF=60mA)
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Kore, VF_G):Matsakaicin 3.2V, Matsakaicin 3.4V (a IF=60mA)
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Shuɗi, VF_B):Matsakaicin 3.2V, Matsakaicin 3.4V (a IF=60mA)
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 10 µA
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):digiri 120

2.3 Rarraba Tsawon Raɗin Haske

Ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa takamaiman kwandon tsawon raɗin haske don tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin aikace-aikace. Manyan kwandon tsawon raɗin haske sune kamar haka:

• Ja (R):R1 (620-625nm), R2 (625-630nm)
• Kore (G):G5 (519-522.5nm), G6 (522.5-526nm), G7 (526-530nm)
• Shuɗi (B):B1 (445-450nm), B2 (450-455nm), B3 (455-460nm), B4 (460-465nm)

Wannan rarrabuwar yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED tare da daidaitattun madaidaicin madaidaicin launi don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar takamaiman maki launi ko ƙaƙƙarfan daidaitawar launi a cikin raka'a da yawa.

3. Maƙallan Aiki da Bincike

3.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Lankwasa I-V)

Halayen I-V yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar direba. Guntun LED ja yana nuna ƙaramin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (yawanci ~2.2V) idan aka kwatanta da guntun kore da shuɗi (yawanci ~3.2V), wanda ya yi daidai da daban-daban kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su (misali, AlInGaP don ja vs. InGaN don kore/shuɗi). Wannan bambance-bambancen yana buƙatar ƙirar da'ira a hankali, sau da yawa yana haɗawa da keɓantaccen resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu ko tashoshi masu tsayayye na kowane launi don cimma daidaiton haske da ingantaccen haɗa launi. Lankwasa yana nuna juyawa mai kaifi, irin na halayen diode.

3.2 Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi vs. Yanayin Zafi na Haɗuwa

Fitowar haske na LED yana canzawa tare da canje-canje a yanayin zafi na haɗuwa. Gabaɗaya, yayin da yanayin zafi na haɗuwa ya ƙaru, babban tsawon raɗin haske don LED na tushen InGaN (kore/shuɗi) yana karkata zuwa tsayin raɗin haske mafi tsayi (ja-juyi), yayin da ƙarfin fitar da haske ke raguwa. Don LED ja na tushen AlInGaP, tsawon raɗin haske na iya canzawa, kuma inganci yana raguwa. Wannan jadawali yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayin yanayi daban-daban ko inda gudanar da zafi ke da wahala, saboda yana iya shafar launin da aka gani da fitar da haske. Ingantaccen nutsewar zafi da ƙirar zafi suna da mahimmanci don kiyaye ingantaccen aikin launi.

4. Bayanan Injiniya da Marufi

4.1 Girman da Zanen Tsari

Girman marufi shine 5.0mm (L) x 5.0mm (W) x 1.6mm (H). Zanen ya haɗa da mahimman iyakoki: girman .X yana da iyaka na ±0.10mm, kuma girman .XX yana da iyaka na ±0.05mm. LED yana da tashoshi shida (anode da cathode na kowane guntun launi uku).

4.2 Tsarin Ƙafar da aka Ba da Shawara da Zanen Stencil

An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa na PCB (ƙafar ƙafa) da ƙirar stencil man guduro don tabbatar da ingantaccen samuwar haɗin gwal a lokacin sake kunnawa. Ƙafar ta haɗa da ƙirar taimakon zafi da girman pad ɗin da ya dace don sauƙaƙa ingantaccen jika da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Yin bin wannan shimfidar da aka ba da shawara yana taimakawa hana kabari, rashin daidaito, da rashin isassun haɗin gwal.

5. Jagororin Haɗawa, Sarrafawa, da Aikace-aikace

5.1 Hancin Danshi da Gasasshen

Marufin SMD5050 yana da hankali ga danshi (an rarraba MSL bisa IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020C). Idan an buɗe jakar shinge na danshi na asali kuma an fallasa abubuwan haɗin zuwa yanayin zafi na muhalli fiye da ƙayyadaddun iyakoki, danshin da aka sha zai iya yin tururi yayin sayar da sake kunnawa, yana iya haifar da rabuwar ciki ko fashewa ("popcorning").

• Ajiya:Ajiye jakunkunan da ba a buɗe ba a <30°C/<85% RH. Bayan buɗewa, ajiye a <30°C/<60% RH kuma a yi amfani da su cikin sa'o'i 12.
• Gasasshen:Idan fallasa ya wuce iyakoki ko katin nuna alamar danshi ya nuna babban danshi, a gasa a 60°C na awanni 24 kafin sayarwa. Kar a wuce 60°C. Yi amfani da shi cikin sa'a 1 bayan gasasshen ko ajiye a cikin akwati mai bushewa (<20% RH).

5.2 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

LEDs na'urori ne na semiconductor masu saukin kamuwa da lalacewar ESD, musamman nau'ikan kore, shuɗi, da fari (ba su dace a nan ba). ESD na iya haifar da gazawar nan take (mai ban tsoro) ko lalacewar ɓoye wanda ke haifar da raguwar rayuwa da lalacewar aiki.

• Matakan Kariya:Aiwatar da cikakken shirin sarrafa ESD: yi amfani da igiyoyin wuyan da aka kafa, katifu masu hana tsayayye, ionizers, da benaye masu ɗaukar hoto. Sarrafa LED kawai a tashoshin aikin da aka kare su daga ESD.
• Marufi:Yi amfani da kayan watsawa ko ɓarna don sufuri da ajiya.

5.3 Shawarwarin Ƙirar Da'ira

Ingantacciyar da'ira mai tuƙi tana da mahimmanci ga aiki da tsawon rai.

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere don kowane tashar launi. Wannan yana daidaita halin yanzu akan bambance-bambance a cikin wadataccen wutar lantarki da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (Vf) tsakanin LED ɗin kowane mutum.
• Nau'in Direba:Ana ba da shawarar direbobi masu tsayayyen halin yanzu fiye da direbobi masu ƙarfin wutar lantarki don mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali da hana guduwar zafi.
• Haɗin Polarity:Tabbatar da polarity na anode/cathode kafin amfani da wutar lantarki. Haɗin baya zai iya lalata LED.
• Tsarin Wuta:Lokacin haɗawa, da farko haɗa fitarwar direba zuwa LED, sannan a yi amfani da wutar lantarki ta shigarwa ga direba don guje wa ƙarancin wutar lantarki.

Takardun bayanai yana kwatanta tsarin da'ira guda biyu: ɗaya tare da resistor guda a kowane layi a layi (ba shi da kyau saboda rashin daidaiton halin yanzu idan Vf ya bambanta) da ɗaya tare da resistor na kowane LED (wanda aka fi so don ingantaccen sarrafa halin yanzu).

5.4 Matakan Kariya na Sarrafawa

Guɓe sarrafa ruwan tabarau na LED kai tsaye da yatsun hannu marasa kyau. Mai fata na iya gurɓata ruwan tabarau na silicone, yana haifar da lalacewar gani da rage fitar da haske. Yi amfani da kayan ɗaukar vacuum ko tsaftataccen tweezers da aka ƙera don sarrafa abubuwan haɗin. Ƙarfin injiniya mai yawa tare da tweezers na iya lalata haɗin waya ko mutuwar semiconductor a cikin marufi.

6. Bayanan Oda da Lambar Samfurin

Samfurin yana bin takamaiman tsarin lambar sashi: T5A003FA. Yayin da aka ba da cikakkun bayanan ɓoyewa don kowane yanki a cikin takaddun (mai ɗauke da lambar juzu'i, zafin launi, lambar ciki, ƙidaya guntu, lambar ruwan tabarau, da tsarin marufi), maɓallin ganowa "5050" yana tabbatar da girman marufi, kuma "RGB" ko "F" yana nuna nau'in cikakken launi (Ja, Kore, Shuɗi).

7. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

7.1 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake matsakaicin yanayin zafi na haɗuwa shine 125°C, yin aiki a ƙananan yanayin zafi yana ƙara tsawaita tsawon rai da kuma kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na launi. Tabbatar cewa PCB yana da isasshen yanki na jan ƙarfe don yada zafi. Don manyan wutar lantarki ko tsararrun yawa, yi la'akari da amfani da PCB na tushen ƙarfe (MCPCBs) ko sanyaya mai aiki.

7.2 Haɗawa da Sarrafa Launi

Don cimma takamaiman farin batu ko launi mai cikakken cikakke, daidaitaccen sarrafa rabon halin yanzu tsakanin tashoshin ja, kore, da shuɗi yana da mahimmanci. Ana yin hakan ta hanyar PWM dimming, wanda ya fi dacewa don sarrafa launi fiye da dimming na analog, saboda yana kiyaye mafi kyawun ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba da halayen launi na LED. Daban-daban ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba suna buƙatar keɓantattun tashoshi masu tuƙi ko ƙididdige ƙimar resistor a hankali don kowane launi idan ana amfani da wadataccen wutar lantarki na gama gari tare da resistors.

7.3 Ƙirar Haske

Kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 yana ba da faɗin tsarin fitarwa, kamar na Lambertian. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske da aka ba da umarni, ana iya sanya na'urorin gani na biyu kamar ruwan tabarau ko masu nunawa sama da LED. Kayan ruwan tabarau na silicone suna da laushi; dole ne a kula kada a karkata shi yayin haɗawa.

8. Kwatance da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED SMD daban-daban guda uku (misali, marufin 3528), haɗin SMD5050 RGB yana ba da mafi ƙaramin mafita, yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa da ɗauka (abu ɗaya vs. uku), kuma yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen daidaitawar sararin samaniya na maki launi uku, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ingantaccen haɗa launi a tazara. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin marufan LED RGB, 5050 sau da yawa yana ba da fitar da haske mafi girma da ingantaccen aikin zafi saboda girman ƙafarsa mafi girma.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

9.1 Shin zan iya tuka duk launuka uku a layi daya tare da resistor guda?

A'a, ba a ba da shawarar hakan ba. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (Vf) na guntun ja, kore, da shuɗi sun bambanta. Haɗa su a layi daya tare da resistor guda zai haifar da rashin daidaiton halin yanzu mai tsanani, tare da yawancin halin yanzu yana gudana ta hanyar tashar da ke da mafi ƙarancin Vf (yawanci ja), yana haifar da kurakurai launi da yuwuwar wuce gona da iri a wasu guntu.

9.2 Me yasa gasasshen yana da mahimmanci, kuma zan iya amfani da zafi mafi girma don gasasshe da sauri?

Gasasshen yana cire danshin da aka sha don hana lalacewa yayin sake kunnawa. Kar a wuce 60°C. Matsakaicin zafi na iya lalata kayan ciki (silicone, phosphors idan akwai, adhesives) da kanta marufin tef da reel.

9.3 Menene matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar wannan LED?

Tsawon rayuwar LED (wanda sau da yawa aka ayyana shi azaman L70 - lokacin zuwa 70% na haske na farko) ya dogara sosai akan yanayin aiki, musamman halin yanzu na tuƙi da yanayin zafi na haɗuwa. Yin aiki a ko ƙasa da halin yanzu da aka ba da shawara (60mA a kowane guntu) da kuma kiyaye ƙananan yanayin zafi na haɗuwa ta hanyar ingantaccen ƙirar zafi na iya haifar da aikin sa'o'i dubunnan.

10. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Yanayin: Ƙirar LED mai canza launi.

1. Shimfidawa:Ana sanya LED SMD5050 RGB da yawa tare da tsiri na PCB mai sassauƙa a takamaiman tazarar (misali, LED 30/mita).
2. Da'ira:An haɗa R, G, da B anodes na kowane LED zuwa layukan wutar lantarki na gama gari (Vcc_R, Vcc_G, Vcc_B) ta hanyar keɓantattun resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu akan tsiri. An haɗa cathodes zuwa magudanar N-channel MOSFETs da microcontroller ke sarrafa.
3. Sarrafawa:Microcontroller yana samar da siginonin PWM don kowane tashar launi na kowane rukunin LED (sau da yawa an haɗa su cikin sassan LED 3 don tsiri masu adireshi kamar WS2812B, wanda ke haɗa guntu mai sarrafawa). Wannan yana ba da damar sarrafa launi da haske na kowane yanki.
4. Wuta:Ana amfani da wadataccen wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi 5V ko 12V. An zaɓi ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ƙimar resistor don samar da 60mA da ake so a kowane guntu, la'akari da raguwar wutar lantarki tare da tsiri.
5. Haɗawa:Ana haɗa tsiri ta amfani da hanyoyin SMT, bin jagororin hancin danshi da ESD. Bayan sayarwa, sau da yawa ana shafa suturar silicone don hana ruwa.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

LED diode ne na haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙofar diode, electrons daga yankin n-type suna sake haɗuwa da ramuka daga yankin p-type a cikin yanki mai aiki. Wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsawon raɗin haske (launi) na fitar da haske an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su a yankin aiki. SMD5050 RGB yana haɗa irin waɗannan haɗin gwiwa guda uku, waɗanda aka yi daga tsarin kayan daban-daban (misali, AlInGaP don ja, InGaN don kore da shuɗi), cikin marufi ɗaya. Hasken daga kowane guntu yana haɗuwa a waje don samar da launin da aka gani.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗaya yanayin a cikin LED RGB yana zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), ingantaccen bayyana launi (faɗin gamut), da ingantaccen dogaro. Hakanan akwai motsi zuwa ƙaƙƙarfan launi da kwandon juzu'i don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samar da yawa. Haɗin kai tare da na'urorin lantarki na sarrafawa (misali, ƙirƙirar "LED masu hankali" ko LED masu adireshi tare da ingantattun ICs) yana zama gama gari, yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar tsarin don aikace-aikacen haske mai ƙarfi. Bugu da ƙari, ci gaba a cikin kayan marufi yana nufin samar da ingantaccen aikin zafi da juriya na dogon lokaci ga abubuwan muhalli kamar danshi da fallasa UV.