Takardun Bayani na LED SMD5050 Fari - Girman 5.0x5.0x1.6mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 3.2V - Wutar Lantarki 0.306W - Takardun Fasaha

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Jerin SMD5050 wani LED fari ne mai haɗawa da surface (surface-mount) wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen haske na gabaɗaya. Wannan jerin yana ba da kewayon zafin launi daga fari mai dumi zuwa fari mai sanyi, tare da zaɓuɓɓuka don bambancin ma'auni na nuna launi (CRI). Kunshin yana da ƙaramin girman 5.0mm x 5.0mm, wanda ya sa ya dace da ƙirar da ke da ƙarancin sarari waɗanda ke buƙatar haske mai daidaito da inganci.

1.1 Siffofi na Asali da Ayyukan Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin LED SMD5050 sun haɗa da fitar da ƙarfin haske mai girma, faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120, da ƙarfin aiki a cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon zafin jiki. An ƙera shi don dogaro a cikin kayan haske daban-daban, gami da hasken gine-gine, hasken kayan ado, hasken baya na nunin, da alamun kasuwanci. Ƙirar samfurin tana sauƙaƙe sarrafa zafi mai inganci da sauƙin haɗawa a cikin hanyoyin fasahar haɗawa da surface (SMT) mai sarrafa kansa.

2. Binciken Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani, mai ma'ana game da muhimman sigogin lantarki, na gani, da na zafi da aka ƙayyade don LED SMD5050.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Waɗannan sigogi suna bayyana iyakokin da bayansu lalacewa ta dindindin ga LED na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IF): 90 mA (Ci gaba)
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba na Pulse (IFP): 120 mA (Faɗin Pulse ≤10ms, Tsarin Aiki ≤1/10)
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (PD): 306 mW
• Zazzabin Aiki (Topr): -40°C zuwa +80°C
• Zazzabin Ajiya (Tstg): -40°C zuwa +80°C
• Zazzabin Junction (Tj): 125°C
• Zazzabin Solder (Tsld): 200°C ko 230°C na dakika 10 (Solder Reflow)

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani na Yau da Kullun

An auna a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na T_s= 25°C da I_F= 60mA.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F): Yau da Kullun 3.2V, Matsakaicin 3.4V (Tolerance: ±0.08V)
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R): 5V
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R): Matsakaicin 10 µA
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2): 120°

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Jerin SMD5050 yana amfani da cikakken tsarin rarraba (binning) don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen haske.

3.1 Rarraba Zafin Launi (CCT)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa daidaitattun rukunonin Zafin Launi Mai Alaƙa (CCT), kowanne yana da alaƙa da takamaiman yankuna na launi akan zanen CIE. Daidaitattun rukunonin oda sune:

• 2700K (Yankuna: 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D)
• 3000K (Yankuna: 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D)
• 3500K (Yankuna: 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D)
• 4000K (Yankuna: 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D)
• 4500K (Yankuna: 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4R, 4S, 4T, 4U)
• 5000K (Yankuna: 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3R, 3S, 3T, 3U)
• 5700K (Yankuna: 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2R, 2S, 2T, 2U)
• 6500K (Yankuna: 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1R, 1S, 1T, 1U)
• 8000K (Yankuna: 0A, 0B, 0C, 0D, 0R, 0S, 0T, 0U)

Lura: Oda na samfurin yana ƙayyade mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin haske da ainihin yankin launi, ba mafi girman ƙimar ƙarfin haske ba.

3.2 Rarraba Ƙarfin Haske (Luminous Flux)

Ana rarraba ƙarfin haske bisa ga zafin launi da Ma'auni na Nuna Launi (CRI). Teburin da ke gaba yana bayyana daidaitattun rukunonin ƙarfin haske a I_F=60mA. Tolerance na ±7% ne ga ƙarfin haske da ±2 ga CRI.

• 70 CRI, Fari Mai Dumi (2700-3700K): Lamba 1E (18-20 lm), 1F (20-22 lm)
• 70 CRI, Fari Mai Tsaka-tsaki (3700-5000K): Lamba 1E (18-20 lm), 1F (20-22 lm), 1G (22-24 lm)
• 70 CRI, Fari Mai Sanyi (5000-10000K): Lamba 1E (18-20 lm), 1F (20-22 lm), 1G (22-24 lm), 1H (24-26 lm)
• 80-85 CRI, Fari Mai Dumi (2700-3700K): Lamba 1D (16-18 lm), 1E (18-20 lm)
• 80-85 CRI, Fari Mai Tsaka-tsaki (3700-5300K): Lamba 1D (16-18 lm), 1E (18-20 lm), 1F (20-22 lm)
• 80-85 CRI, Fari Mai Sanyi (5300-10000K): Lamba 1E (18-20 lm), 1F (20-22 lm)
• 90-93 CRI, Fari Mai Dumi (2700-3700K): Lamba 1C (14-16 lm), 1D (16-18 lm)

4. Binciken Lanƙwasan Aiki

Fahimtar dangantakar tsakanin tuƙin lantarki, fitarwa na gani, da zafi yana da mahimmanci don mafi kyawun ƙirar da'ira da sarrafa zafi.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I) da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V) - Lanƙwasa I-V

Lanƙwasa I-V siffa ce ta diode semiconductor. Ga SMD5050, ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na yau da kullun shine 3.2V a 60mA. Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar da cewa an ƙera da'ira mai iyakance halin yanzu (misali, direban halin yanzu mai ci gaba ko resistor) don yin aiki a cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon ƙarfin lantarki don kiyaye fitar da haske mai ƙarfi da hana wuce gona da iri na wutar lantarki.

4.2 Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I) da Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske (Relative Luminous Flux)

Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna cewa fitar da haske yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu na gaba amma ba a layi daya ba. Yin aiki sosai sama da halin yanzu na gwaji (60mA) na iya haifar da raguwar inganci (lumens a kowace watt) da saurin lalacewa saboda ƙaruwar zazzabin junction. Matsakaicin halin yanzu mai ci gaba na 90mA ya kamata a ɗauka a matsayin babban iyaka na ƙira.

4.3 Zazzabin Junction (Tj) da Rarraba Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Dangantakar (Relative Spectral Power Distribution)

Yayin da zazzabin junction na LED ya tashi, fitarwa na spectral na iya canzawa. Ga LED fari, wannan sau da yawa yana bayyana a matsayin canji a cikin zafin launi da yuwuwar raguwar ƙarfin haske. Ingantaccen nutsewar zafi yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye launi da haske mai ƙarfi a tsawon rayuwar samfurin.

4.4 Rarraba Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Dangantakar (Relative Spectral Power Distribution)

Zanen spectral yana kwatanta halayen fitarwa don kewayon CCT daban-daban (misali, 2600-3700K, 3700-5000K, 5000-10000K). LED fari mai dumi suna da ƙarin kuzari a cikin mafi tsayin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (ja/rawaya), yayin da LED fari mai sanyi suna da kololuwa a yankin shuɗi, wanda aka haɗa da hasken rawaya da aka canza da phosphor. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikace tare da takamaiman buƙatun launi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin da Zanen Bayyani

Kunshin SMD5050 yana da girman girman 5.0mm (L) x 5.0mm (W) x 1.6mm (H). Cikakkun zane-zanen injiniya suna ƙayyade mahimman girma, gami da girman ruwan tabarau, sanyawa na firam ɗin jagora, da jimlar tolerance (misali, ±0.10mm don girman .X, ±0.05mm don girman .XX).

5.2 Tsarin Pad da Ƙirar Stencil

Takardun bayani yana ba da shawarar tsarin pad (sawun ƙafa) da ƙirar stencil na man solder don tabbatar da samuwar haɗin solder mai dogaro yayin reflow. Yin bin waɗannan shawarwari yana da mahimmanci don daidaitawar da ta dace, canja wurin zafi, da ƙarfin injiniya. Ƙirar pad yawanci ta haɗa da pad guda shida (don tsarin guntu 3) tare da takamaiman girma don sauƙaƙe solder da zubar da zafi.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Hancin Danshi da Gasawa (Baking)

LED SMD5050 yana da hancin danshi (an rarraba MSL bisa IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020C).

• Ajiya: Bugu da ƙari, jakunkunan da ba a buɗe ba ya kamata a adana a ƙasa da 30°C da 85% RH. Bayan buɗewa, adana a ƙasa da 30°C da 60% RH, zai fi dacewa a cikin akwati mai bushewa ko rufaffiyar akwati tare da desiccant.
• Rayuwar Bene: Yi amfani da shi cikin sa'o'i 12 bayan buɗe jakar shinge na danshi.
• Bukatar Gasawa: Idan na'urar ta fallasa fiye da rayuwar bene ko kuma idan katin nuna alamar danshi ya nuna wuce gona da iri na danshi, ana buƙatar gasawa kafin reflow.
• Hanyar Gasawa: Gasawa a 60°C na awanni 24. Kada a wuce 60°C. Ya kamata reflow ya faru cikin sa'a 1 bayan gasawa, ko kuma dole ne a mayar da sassan zuwa yanayin ajiya mai bushewa (<20% RH).

6.2 Bayanin Yanayin Solder Reflow

LED na iya jurewa matsakaicin zafin reflow na 200°C ko 230°C na matsakaicin dakika 10. Yana da mahimmanci a bi daidaitaccen bayanin reflow mai sarrafawa don solder maras gubar, tabbatar da dumama, jika, reflow, da ƙimar sanyaya suna cikin iyakokin da aka yarda don hana girgizar zafi ko lalacewa ga ruwan tabarau na epoxy da mutuwar ciki.

7. Kariya daga Zubar da Lantarki Mai Tsanani (ESD)

LEDs na'urori ne na semiconductor masu saurin lalacewa ta ESD, musamman nau'ikan fari, kore, shuɗi, da shunayya.

• Samuwar ESD: Na iya faruwa ta hanyar gogayya, shigarwa, ko watsawa.
• Yiwuwar Lalacewa: ESD na iya haifar da lahani na ɓoye (ƙaruwar halin yanzu na ɓarna, raguwar haske/canji launi) ko gazawar bala'i (cikakken rashin aiki).
• Hanyoyin Kariya: Aiwatar da daidaitattun matakan sarrafa ESD: yi amfani da tashoshin aiki masu tushe, igiyoyin wuyan hannu, tabarmi na bene masu watsawa, da kunshin anti-static. Yi amfani da LED kawai a wuraren da aka kare ESD.

8. Dokar Lambar Samfur (Model Numbering Rule)

Lambar samfurin tana bin takamaiman tsari don nuna mahimman halaye. Tsarin gabaɗaya shine:T□□ □□ □ □ □ – □□□ □□. Rarrabuwa ya haɗa da lambobin don:

• Bayyanar Kunshin: misali, '5A' don 5050N.
• Ƙididdigar Guntu: misali, '3' don ƙirar guntu 3.
• Lambar Optics: misali, '00' don babu ruwan tabarau, '01' don tare da ruwan tabarau.
• Lambar Launi: misali, 'L' don Fari Mai Dumi (<3700K), 'C' don Fari Mai Tsaka-tsaki (3700-5000K), 'W' don Fari Mai Sanyi (>5000K).
• Lambar Ciki: Tunani na ciki na masana'anta.
• Lambar CCT: Yana ƙayyade rukunin zafin launi.
• Lambar Ƙarfin Haske: Yana ƙayyade rukunin ƙarfin haske (misali, 1E, 1F).

9. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi La'akari da su

9.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Hasken Gine-gine da Na Ado: Hasken kofa, hasken ƙwaƙwalwa, da tsiri na layi inda ake buƙatar babban haske da rarraba haske mai daidaito.
• Hasken Baya: Filaye masu hasken gefe ko kai tsaye don alamun kasuwanci, nunin, da allunan sarrafawa.
• Hasken Gabaɗaya: An haɗa shi cikin modules don fitilun ƙasa, fitilun panel, da sauran fitilu, sau da yawa a cikin jeri.

9.2 Muhimman Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi La'akari da su a Ƙirar

• Sarrafa Zafi: Matsakaicin zazzabin junction shine 125°C. Ƙirar PCB da ta dace tare da isassun ramukan zafi da, idan ya cancanta, heatsink na waje wajibi ne don kiyaye T_ja cikin iyakokin aminci, musamman lokacin tuƙi a manyan halayen yanzu ko a cikin manyan yanayin yanayi. Wannan yana tabbatar da dogon lokaci na dogaro da fitar da haske mai ƙarfi.
• Tukin Halin Yanzu:** Koyaushe yi amfani da direban halin yanzu mai ci gaba ko resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu. Ba a ba da shawarar tuƙi tare da tushen ƙarfin lantarki mai ci gaba saboda zai iya haifar da guduwar zafi. Ya kamata a ƙera direban don ɗaukar bambancin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (tolerance).
• Ƙirar Gani: Kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 tana ba da haske mai faɗi. Don ƙwanƙwasa mai mayar da hankali, ƙila ana buƙatar optics na biyu (ruwan tabarau ko masu nunawa) waɗanda aka ƙera don sawun ƙafa na 5050.
• Rarraba don Daidaito: Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton launi da haske (misali, jerin LED masu yawa), ƙayyade ƙaramin rarrabuwa don duka CCT da ƙarfin haske daga mai siyarwa.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na yau da kullun da na matsakaicin?

Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na yau da kullun (3.2V) shine ƙimar da ake tsammani a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji. Matsakaicin (3.4V) shine babban iyaka ga rukunin samfurin. Dole ne da'irar direbarka ta iya ba da isasshen ƙarfin lantarki don ɗaukar LED a matsakaicin V_Fdon tabbatar da cewa suna kunna kuma suna aiki daidai.

10.2 Shin zan iya tuka wannan LED a 90mA a ci gaba?

Duk da yake 90mA shine matsakaicin halin yanzu mai ci gaba, yin aiki a wannan matakin zai haifar da zafi mai yawa kuma yana iya rage tsawon rayuwar LED saboda haɓakar zazzabin junction. Don mafi kyawun dogaro da inganci, yana da kyau a ƙira don ƙaramin halin yanzu na tuƙi, kamar yanayin gwaji na 60mA ko ƙimar da aka ƙaddara ta ikon sarrafa zafin ku.

10.3 Me ya sa ake buƙatar gasawa (baking) kafin solder?

Kunshin filastik na iya ɗaukar danshi daga yanayi. A lokacin babban zafin jiki na aikin solder reflow, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya faɗaɗa cikin sauri, yana haifar da rabuwar ciki, fashewa, ko "popcorning," wanda ke haifar da gazawar nan take ko na ɓoye. Gasawa yana cire wannan danshin da aka ɗauka.

10.4 Ta yaya zan fassara lambar rarrabawar ƙarfin haske (misali, 1F)?

Lambar rukunin ƙarfin haske (kamar 1F) tana dace da takamaiman kewayon fitar da haske da aka auna a cikin lumens a 60mA. Misali, lambar 1F don LED fari mai sanyi na 70-CRI tana ba da garantin aƙalla lumens 20 kuma matsakaicin matsakaicin lumens 22, tare da tolerance na ±7% akan ma'aunin. Kuna zaɓar rukunin bisa ga buƙatun haske don aikace-aikacenku.