Bayanin Fasaha na LED na SMT CBI LTLM11KF1H310U - Launi na Amber - 2.0V Na yau da kullun - 72mW Matsakaici - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTLM11KF1H310U LED ne mai nuna alama akan allon kewaye (CBI) wanda aka tsara don hanyoyin haɗawa na fasahar hawa a saman (SMT). Ya ƙunshi gini na filastik baƙi mai kusurwa madaidaiciya (holder) wanda ya haɗa da diode mai fitar da haske. An ƙera wannan ɓangaren don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuna alama a fili akan allunan kewaye (PCBs).

1.1 Siffofi na Asali

• Daidaitaccen SMT:An tsara shi don hanyoyin sarrafa kai-da-saka da solder na reflow ta atomatik.
• Ƙara Bambanci na Gani:Kayan ginin baƙi suna inganta bambancin gani tsakanin alamar da ta haskaka da bangon PCB.
• Ingantaccen Aiki:Yana ba da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki tare da ingantaccen ƙarfin haske.
• Bin Ka'idojin Muhalli:Wannan samfurin ne maras gubar da ya dace da umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hadari).
• Zanen Gani:Yana amfani da guntu na semiconductor AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) wanda ke fitar da hasken amber, tare da ruwan tabarau mai watsawa fari don samun daidaito, faɗin kusurwar kallo.
• Amincewa:Ana yi wa na'urori gwajin riga-kafi da aka hanzarta zuwa matakin 3 na hankali ga danshi na JEDEC (Kwamitin Injiniya na Na'urorin Lantarki), yana tabbatar da ƙarfi daga lalacewar da danshi ke haifarwa yayin solder.

1.2 Ayyukan Da Ake Nufi

Wannan LED mai nuna alama ya dace da ɗimbin kayan aikin lantarki, ciki har da:

• Na'urorin kwamfuta na gefe da allunan uwa
• Na'urorin sadarwa da kayan aikin hanyar sadarwa
• Kayan lantarki na masu amfani
• Tsarin sarrafa masana'antu da kayan aikin aunawa

2. Bincike na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Duk ƙayyadaddun bayanai an ayyana su a zazzabin yanayi (TA) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi daban.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsayin Cikakke

Waɗannan matsayi suna ayyana iyakokin da bayansu lalacewar dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):72 mW matsakaici.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IFP):80 mA matsakaici. Wannan matsayin yana aiki ne a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da cikakken zagayowar aiki ≤ 1/10 kuma faɗin bugun ≤ 0.1 ms.
• Cigaban Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IF):30 mA DC matsakaici.
• Kewayon Zazzabin Aiki:-40°C zuwa +85°C.
• Kewayon Zazzabin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Zazzabin Solder:Yana jure 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 5 yayin solder na reflow.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na yau da kullun na aiki a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun sharuɗɗan gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):8.7 mcd (matsakaici), 30 mcd (na yau da kullun), 50 mcd (matsakaici) a halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 10 mA. Lambar rarraba Iv an yiwa alama akan kowace jakar kunshin don dalilai na rarraba (binning).
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ1/2):Digiri 40. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar sa ta axial.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango na Fitowa (λP):608 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine tsawon zango da rarraba ƙarfin haske ya fi girma.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λd):598 nm (matsakaici), 605 nm (na yau da kullun), 612 nm (matsakaici) a IF=10 mA. Wannan shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani wanda ke ayyana launi (amber).
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Hasken (Δλ):18 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan yana nuna tsaftar haske ko faɗin bandejin hasken da aka fitar.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (VF):1.8 V (matsakaici), 2.0 V (na yau da kullun), 2.6 V (matsakaici) a IF = 10 mA.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):10 μA matsakaici a ƙarfin wutar baya (VR) na 5V.Muhimmin Bayanin Kula:Ba a ƙera wannan na'urar don aiki a ƙarƙashin jujjuyawar baya ba; wannan yanayin gwaji ne don siffanta kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Samfurin yana amfani da tsarin rarraba (binning) don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da aiki.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken (Luminous Intensity Binning)

An rarraba ƙarfin haske (Iv) zuwa rukunoni, tare da takamaiman lambar rukunin da aka buga akan jakar kunshin samfurin. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar LEDs masu daidaitattun matakan haske don aikace-aikacensu, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga allunan nuna alama da yawa inda ake son kamanni iri ɗaya.

3.2 Rarraba Tsawon Zango (Wavelength Binning)

An ƙayyade tsawon zango mai rinjaye (λd) tare da kewayon daga 598 nm zuwa 612 nm. Duk da yake ba a bayyana su a fili a matsayin rukunoni daban-daban a cikin wannan takardar bayanan ba, ƙananan/matsakaici/matsakaicin ƙimar suna nuna sarrafa bambancin wurin launi (hue) a cikin rukunonin samarwa. Don aikace-aikacen da ke da buƙatu masu tsauri na launi, ana ba da shawarar tuntuɓar masana'anta don takamaiman samuwar rukunin.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Lanƙwasan aiki na yau da kullun (wanda aka ambata a cikin takardar bayanan) suna kwatanta alaƙar tsakanin mahimman ma'auni. Duk da yake ba a sake yin takamaiman zane-zanen a nan ba, ana bincika abubuwan da suka haifar.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba (Forward Current) da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Forward Voltage) - Lanƙwasa I-V

Lanƙwasa I-V na LED AlInGaP yawanci yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni. Ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin wutar gaba (VF) na 2.0V na yau da kullun a 10mA shine mahimmin ma'auni na zane don ƙididdige ƙimar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a cikin da'irar turawa.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken (Luminous Intensity) da Halin Yanzu na Gaba (Forward Current)

Ƙarfin haske gabaɗaya yana ƙaruwa daidai gwargwado tare da halin yanzu na gaba a cikin kewayon aiki na al'ada (har zuwa ƙayyadaddun halin yanzu na ci gaba). Yin aiki sama da 10mA zai haifar da haske mafi girma amma kuma yana ƙara rushewar wutar lantarki da zazzabin haɗuwa, wanda zai iya shafar tsawon rai da canjin launi.

4.3 Dogaro da Zazzabi

Aikin LED yana da hankali ga zazzabi. Ƙarfin hasken LEDs na AlInGaP yawanci yana raguwa yayin da zazzabin haɗuwa ya ƙaru. Ƙayyadaddun kewayon zazzabin aiki na -40°C zuwa +85°C yana ayyana yanayin yanayi wanda aka ba da garantin ƙayyadaddun bayanan da aka buga.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Tsari (Outline Dimensions)

Na'urar tana da tsarin hawa na kusurwa madaidaiciya (digiri 90), yana ba da damar fitar da haske a layi daya da saman PCB. Wannan ya dace sosai don allunan da aka haskaka gefe ko alamomin yanayin da ake duba daga gefen akwati. An ƙayyade kayan ginin a matsayin filastik baƙi. Matsakaicin girman girman mahimmanci shine ±0.25mm sai dai idan an lura daban akan cikakken zanen injiniya da aka bayar a cikin takardar bayanan.

5.2 Gano Polarity

A matsayin na'urar da ake hawa a saman, ana nuna polarity ta hanyar ƙirar ƙirar ƙafar ɗan ƙaramin ɓangaren akan tef da kunshin reel da kuma daidaitaccen tsarin pad akan PCB. Dole ne masu zane su bi ƙirar ƙasa da aka ba da shawarar sosai don tabbatar da daidaitaccen alkibla yayin haɗawa ta atomatik kuma don hana jujjuyawar baya.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Yanayin Ajiya

• Kunshi Mai Rufi:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% Danshi na Dangi (RH). Tsawon rayuwa a cikin jakar shinge na danshi (MBB) mai rufi tare da busasshiyar abu shekara guda.
• Kunshi da aka Buɗe:Idan an buɗe MBB, dole ne yanayin ajiyar ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH. Ya kamata a yi wa ɓangarorin solder na reflow IR cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) na fallasa. Don ajiya fiye da sa'o'i 168, ana ba da shawarar gasa na sa'o'i 48 a 60°C kafin haɗin SMT don cire danshin da aka ɗauka da kuma hana lalacewar "popcorning" yayin reflow.

6.2 Bayanin Yanayin Solder na Reflow

Ana ba da shawarar bayanin reflow mai bin JEDEC don tabbatar da haɗin solder amintacce ba tare da lalata LED ba. Mahimman ma'auni daga bayanin sun haɗa da:

• Dumi-dumi/jiƙa:150°C zuwa 200°C sama da matsakaicin dakika 100.
• Lokaci Sama da Ruwa (T_L=217°C):Dakika 60 zuwa 150.
• Matsakaicin Zazzabi (T_P):260°C matsakaici.
• Lokaci cikin 5°C na Ƙayyadaddun Zazzabin Rarraba (T_C=255°C):Dakika 30 matsakaici.
• Jimlar Lokaci daga 25°C zuwa Kololuwa:Minti 5 matsakaici.

Hankali:Wuce gona da iri matsakaicin zazzabi ko lokaci-a-zazzabi na iya haifar da nakasar ruwan tabarau na filastik ko gazawar LED die.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da kaushi masu tushen barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Kaushi masu tsauri ko masu ƙarfi na iya lalata ginin filastik ko ruwan tabarau.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin

• Tef ɗin ɗauka (Carrier Tape):Ana samar da ɓangarorin akan reels inci 13. Tef ɗin ɗauka an yi shi da baƙin gubar polystyrene mai ɗaukar wutar lantarki, mai kauri 0.40mm ±0.06mm.
• Adadin Kowane Reel:Guda 1,400.
• Akwatin Ciki:Ya ƙunshi reels 3 (Jimlar 4,200), kowanne an rufe shi a cikin Jakar Shinge na Danshi (MBB) tare da busasshiyar abu da katin nuna alamar danshi.
• Akwatin Waje:Ya ƙunshi akwatuna na ciki 10 (Jimlar 42,000).

7.2 Lambar Bangare (Part Number)

Lambar bangaren asali ita ceLTLM11KF1H310U. Wannan lambar alfanumerik ta keɓance ta keɓance halayen takamaiman samfurin, ciki har da nau'in kunshin, launi, rukunin haske, da sauran lambobin masana'antu.

8. Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi la'akari da su a Zanen Aikace-aikace

8.1 Zanen Da'irar Turawa (Drive Circuit)

LEDs na'urori ne masu aiki da halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da fitar da haske mai tsayayye da daidaito, dole ne a turawa su ta hanyar tushen halin yanzu ko, fiye da haka na yau da kullun, tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki tare da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere.

Da'irar da Ake Ba da Shawara:Hanya mai sauƙi kuma mai tasiri ta turawa ita ce haɗa LED a jere tare da resistor zuwa wadataccen ƙarfin wutar lantarki DC (V_CC). Za a iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor (R_S) ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_S= (V_CC- V_F) / I_F, inda V_Fshine ƙarfin wutar gaba na LED (yi amfani da 2.0V na yau da kullun don gefen zane) kuma I_Fshine halin yanzu na gaba da ake so (misali, 10mA).

Muhimmin Bayanin Kula don Haɗin Layi:Lokacin turawa LEDs da yawa daga tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki guda ɗaya,ana ba da shawarar sosaidon amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu daban-daban ga kowane LED. Haɗa LEDs kai tsaye a layi daya ba tare da resistors ɗaya ɗaya ba ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda bambancin halitta a cikin ƙarfin wutar gaba (V_F) daga na'ura zuwa na'ura. Wannan bambancin na iya haifar da rashin daidaiton halin yanzu, inda LED ɗaya zai iya ɗaukar halin yanzu fiye da sauran, wanda zai haifar da rashin daidaiton haske da yuwuwar matsin lamba da gazawar LED tare da mafi ƙarancin V_F.

8.2 Gudanar da Zazzabi (Thermal Management)

Duk da yake rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa kaɗan (72mW matsakaici), ingantaccen zanen thermal yana tsawaita rayuwar LED kuma yana kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na launi. Tabbatar cewa PCB tana da isasshen yanki na tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa fale-falen zafi na LED (idan akwai) ko yankin allon gabaɗaya don yin aiki azaman ma'aunin zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a manyan halayen yanzu ko a cikin manyan yanayin yanayi.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Wannan SMT CBI LED ya bambanta kansa ta hanyar siffofi masu mahimmanci da yawa:

• Siffar Kusurwa Madaidaiciya:Ba kamar LEDs na kallon sama waɗanda ke fitar da haske a kai tsaye zuwa allon ba, wannan ƙirar kusurwa madaidaiciya ta fi dacewa don aikace-aikacen fitarwa ta gefe, tana adana sararin samaniya a tsaye a cikin akwati.
• Fasahar AlInGaP:Amfani da AlInGaP don fitar da amber yana ba da ingantacciyar inganci da ingantaccen jikewa na launi idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaP da aka tace.
• Ruwan Tabarau Mai Watsawa Fari:Ruwan tabarau mai watsawa yana ba da faɗin kusurwar kallo (40°) kuma yana laushin bayyanar guntu mai haske, yana haifar da hasken alama mai daɗi.
• Matsayin JEDEC MSL3:Riga-kafin zuwa matakin 3 na hankali ga danshi yana ba da tabbacin amincin a cikin daidaitattun yanayin haɗin SMT.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQ)

10.1 Menene manufar ginin baƙi?

Ginin baƙi yana aiki da ayyuka biyu na asali: 1) Yana ƙara bambancin gani tsakanin LED da aka haskaka da yankin da ke kewaye, yana mai da alamar ta fi fahimta. 2) Yana taimakawa hana ɓarkewar haske ko "crosstalk" tsakanin alamomin kusa da juna akan PCB mai yawan jama'a.

10.2 Shin zan iya turawa wannan LED a 20mA maimakon 10mA?

Ee, matsakaicin matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na ci gaba shine 30 mA. Yin aiki a 20 mA zai samar da ƙarfin haske mafi girma fiye da yanayin gwaji na 10mA. Koyaya, dole ne ku sake ƙididdige ƙimar resistor na jere daidai, tabbatar da jimillar rushewar wutar lantarki (V_F* I_F) bai wuce 72mW ba, kuma ku yi la'akari da yuwuwar tasiri akan amincin dogon lokaci saboda ƙarin zazzabin haɗuwa.

10.3 Me yasa ake buƙatar gasa idan an buɗe jakar fiye da sa'o'i 168?

Kunshin filastik na hawa a saman na iya ɗaukar danshi daga yanayi. A lokacin tsarin solder na reflow mai zafi, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi cikin sauri, yana haifar da matsin lamba na ciki wanda zai iya ɓata kunshin, fashe die, ko lalata haɗin waya - wani abu da aka sani da "popcorning." Gasa a 60°C na sa'o'i 48 yana fitar da wannan danshin da aka ɗauka cikin aminci kafin ɓangaren ya shiga reflow.

11. Misalin Zanen Aiki

Yanayi:Zana alamar "KUNNA" wutar lantarki don na'urar da ke amfani da layin dogo na 5V. Manufar ita ce sarrafa LED a halin yanzu na yau da kullun na 10mA.

1. Zaɓi Bangare:Zaɓi LTLM11KF1H310U saboda hasken amber na kusurwa madaidaiciya.
2. Ƙididdige Resistor na Jere: R_S= (V_CC- V_F) / I_F= (5V - 2.0V) / 0.010A = 300 Ohms. Matsakaicin ƙimar resistor E24 na yau da kullun shine 300Ω ko 330Ω. Yin amfani da 330Ω zai haifar da ɗan ƙaramin halin yanzu: I_F≈ (5V - 2.0V) / 330Ω ≈ 9.1mA, wanda ke da aminci kuma cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanai.
3. Duba Rushewar Wutar Lantarki:A cikin resistor: P_R= I_F²* R = (0.0091)²* 330 ≈ 0.027W (ma'auni na 1/8W ko 1/10W resistor ya isa). A cikin LED: P_LED= V_F* I_F≈ 2.0V * 0.0091A ≈ 18.2mW, ƙasa sosai da 72mW matsakaici.
4. Tsarin PCB:Sanya ɓangaren bisa ga ƙirar ƙasa da aka ba da shawarar. Tabbatar da polarity (anode/cathode) ya dace da ƙafar ƙafa. Ka ba da ɗan ƙaramin yanki na tagulla a kusa da fale-falen don ɗan raguwar zafi.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED yana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗuwar p-n semiconductor. Yankin aiki ya ƙunshi AlInGaP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin da aka gina na haɗuwa, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin aiki daga nau'in n da nau'in p bi da bi. Waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna sake haɗuwa ta hanyar haske, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gami na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana ayyana tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar - a wannan yanayin, amber (~605 nm). Hasken da aka samar sai a siffata shi kuma a watsa shi ta hanyar haɗaɗɗen ruwan tabarau na filastik fari don cimma kusurwar kallo da kamanni da ake so.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Ci gaban alamomin LED irin na wannan yana bin manyan trends a cikin optoelectronics da haɗin SMT:

• Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki:Ci gaban kimiyyar kayan aiki na ci gaba yana nufin samar da ingantaccen ƙarfin haske (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace raka'a na ƙarfin wutar lantarki), yana ba da damar ƙananan halayen aiki da rage amfani da makamashin tsarin.
• Ƙananan Girma:Akwai ci gaba mai ci gaba zuwa ƙananan ƙafafun kunshin da tsayi don ɗaukar ƙananan kayan lantarki na masu amfani da na masana'antu.
• Ƙara Amincewa:Haɓaka a cikin kayan kunshin, dabarun haɗa die, da juriya ga danshi (manyan matsayi na MSL) suna ba da gudummawa ga tsawon rayuwar aiki da ƙarfi a cikin mawuyacin yanayi.
• Haɗawa:Akwai wani yanayi zuwa haɗa ƙarin aiki, kamar ƙayyadaddun resistors na iyakance halin yanzu ("LEDs masu kayan resistor") ko ma turawa IC a cikin kunshin, yana sauƙaƙe zanen da'ira da tsarin allon.