2820 SMD LED Takardar Bayani - Kunshin 2.8x2.0mm - Launi Amber - 3.0V Na Yau da Kullun - 0.45W @ 150mA - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Jerin 2820-PA1501M-AM LED ne mai inganci sosai, wanda aka tsara shi da farko don aikace-aikacen hasken mota masu ƙalubale. Yana amfani da fasahar canza phosphor don samar da fitar launin amber mai tsayi. Na'urar tana cikin ƙaramin kunshin SMD mai girman 2.8mm x 2.0mm, yana ba da ma'auni tsakanin girma da fitar haske. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da bin ƙa'idar cancantar mota mai tsanani ta AEC-Q102, babban kariya daga lantarki mai ƙarfi (ESD) na 8KV (HBM), da kuma bin ka'idojin muhalli kamar RoHS, REACH, da buƙatun marasa halogen. Kasuwar da aka yi niyya ita ce hasken ciki da waje na mota, inda amincin, daidaiton launi, da aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi masu tsanani suke da muhimmanci.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hoto da Na Lantarki

Ana siffanta aikin LED a ƙarƙashin daidaitaccen gwajin na yanzu na 150 mA. Ƙarfin hasken na yau da kullun shine lumens 45 (lm), tare da mafi ƙanƙanta na 39 lm da matsakaicin 60 lm kamar yadda tsarin rarraba (binning) ya tanada. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) a wannan na yanzu yawanci shine volts 3.00, kewayo daga 2.75V zuwa 3.5V. Wannan sigogi yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar direba da sarrafa zafi. Na'urar tana ba da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120, yana ba da rarraba haske mai faɗi da daidaito. Ma'auni na chromaticity suna tsakiya a kusa da CIE x=0.575 da CIE y=0.418, suna ayyana takamaiman launin amber. Duk ma'aunin haske yana da juzu'i na ±8%, kuma ma'aunin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana da juzu'i na ±0.05V.

2.2 Matsakaicin Matsakaici da Halayen Zafi

Don tabbatar da amincin dogon lokaci, dole ne a yi aikin na'urar ba wuce matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar ta ba. Matsakaicin ci gaba na yanzu na gaba shine 350 mA, tare da ƙarfin ƙarfin igiyar ruwa (tp ≤ 10 μs) na 750 mA. Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki shine 1225 mW. Zafin haɗin gwiwa (Tj) bai kamata ya wuce 150°C ba, tare da kewayon yanayin aiki daga -40°C zuwa +125°C. An ba da ƙimar juriya na zafi guda biyu: ainihin juriya na zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder (Rth JS na ainihi) shine matsakaicin 22 K/W, yayin da ƙimar da aka samo ta hanyar lantarki (Rth JS el) shine matsakaicin 15 K/W. Waɗannan ƙimomin suna da mahimmanci don ƙididdige heatsinking da ake buƙata don kiyaye Tj a cikin iyakoki masu aminci yayin aiki.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Ana rarraba LEDs zuwa rukunoni (bins) don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin mahimman sigogi don ƙirar aikace-aikace.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken (Luminous Flux Binning)

Ana kiran rukunonin ƙarfin haske F3, F4, da F5. Rukunin F3 ya ƙunshi ƙarfin haske daga 39 lm zuwa 45 lm, F4 daga 45 lm zuwa 52 lm, da F5 daga 52 lm zuwa 60 lm. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar LEDs dangane da matakin haske da ake buƙata don takamaiman aikace-aikacensu.

3.2 Rarraba Ƙarfin Lantarki Gaba (Forward Voltage Binning)

Rukunonin ƙarfin lantarki suna taimakawa wajen daidaita LEDs don raba halin yanzu a cikin tsararrun LED masu yawa. Rukunonin su ne 2730 (2.75V - 3.00V), 3032 (3.00V - 3.25V), da 3235 (3.25V - 3.50V). Yin amfani da LEDs daga rukunin ƙarfin lantarki ɗaya ko kusa da juna yana rage rashin daidaiton halin yanzu.

3.3 Rarraba Launi (Color Binning)

Launin amber ana sarrafa shi sosai a cikin manyan rukunoni guda biyu: YA da YB. Kowane rukuni an ayyana shi ta wani yanki mai siffar huɗu akan zanen chromaticity na CIE 1931. Rukunin YA da YB suna da takamaiman iyakokin ma'auni waɗanda ke tabbatar da cewa launin amber da aka fitar ya faɗi cikin kewayon daidaitaccen gani kuma mai karɓuwa. Ma'auni na yau da kullun da aka bayar (x=0.575, y=0.418) suna aiki azaman wurin tunani na tsakiya.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Ayyuka

4.1 Lanƙwasa IV da Ƙarfin Hasken Dangantaka

Graf na Halin Yanzu na Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba yana nuna alaƙar exponential na yau da kullun na LEDs. A 150 mA, Vf yana tsakiya a kusa da 3.0V. Graf na Ƙarfin Hasken Dangantaka da Halin Yanzu na Gaba yana nuna cewa fitar haske yana ƙaruwa da ƙasa da layi tare da halin yanzu. Yayin da ake tuƙi a halin yanzu mafi girma yana haifar da ƙarin haske, shima yana haifar da ƙarin zafi, yana tasiri inganci da tsawon rai.

4.2 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Grafukan ayyuka da suka danganci zafin haɗin gwiwa suna da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen mota. Lanƙwasa Ƙarfin Hasken Dangantaka da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa yana nuna cewa fitar haske yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru. A 125°C, ƙarfin hasken dangantaka shine kusan 70-80% na ƙimarsa a 25°C. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba yana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau, yana raguwa da layi tare da hawan zafi. Grafukan Canjin Ma'auni na Chromaticity suna nuna ƙaramin canji tare da ƙaruwar halin yanzu da zafin jiki, suna nuna kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na launi.

4.3 Rarraba Bakan Hasken da Tsarin Watsa Hasken

Graf na Rarraba Bakan Dangantaka yana tabbatar da bakan da aka canza phosphor, na yau da kullun ga LEDs Amber, tare da babban fitarwa mai faɗi. Zanen kusurwar kallo yana kwatanta tsarin fitarwa mai kama da Lambertian tare da cikakken faɗin rabin matsakaici (FWHM) na 120°, yana tabbatar da faɗin rarraba haske mai daidaito.

4.4 Rage Ƙarfi da Sarrafa Bugun Jini (Pulse Handling)

Lanƙwasa Rage Halin Yanzu na Gaba yana ƙayyadad da matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba da aka yarda dangane da zafin gindin solder (Ts). Misali, a Ts=125°C, matsakaicin IF shine 350 mA. Lanƙwasa ya ba da umarnin mafi ƙarancin halin yanzu na aiki na 20 mA. Graf na Ƙarfin Sarrafa Bugun Jini da Aka Yard da shi yana ayyana matsakaicin halin yanzu na bugun jini (IFP) da aka yarda don ƙananan faɗin bugun jini (tp) da matakan aiki daban-daban (D), wanda ke da amfani ga PWM dimming ko aikace-aikacen strobe.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Jiki

Kunshin LED yana da girma na 2.8mm tsawon da 2.0mm faɗi. Zanen injiniya yana ba da cikakkun ma'auni ciki har da tsayin gaba ɗaya, lissafin ruwan tabarau, da girman jagora. Duk juzu'i suna ±0.1mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade akasin haka. Ƙaramin girman yana sauƙaƙa tsarin PCB masu yawa.

5.2 Tsarin Gindin Solder da Aka Shawarta

An ba da ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da mafi kyawun aikin zafi. Ƙirar ta haɗa da ginduna don tashoshi na lantarki guda biyu da kuma gindin zafi na tsakiya. Gindin zafi yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen canja wurin zafi daga haɗin gwiwar LED zuwa PCB. Bin wannan shawarar da aka ba da shawara yana taimakawa hana kabari, inganta amincin haɗin gwiwar solder, da kuma ƙara yawan zafi.

5.3 Gano Polarity

Ana yiwa alama cathode akan na'urar, sau da yawa ta hanyar tsaga, ɗigo, ko alama kore a ƙasan kunshin kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin zanen injiniya. Daidaitaccen jagorancin polarity yayin haɗawa wajibi ne don hana lalata na'urar.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Solder Reflow

An ƙididdige LED don matsakaicin zafin solder na 260°C na dakika 30. Yakamata a bi cikakken bayanin reflow, yawanci ya haɗa da preheat, jiƙa zafi, reflow (tare da matsakaicin zafi bai wuce 260°C ba), da matakan sanyaya. Dole ne bayanin ya dace da ka'idojin JEDEC don matakan hankali na danshi (MSL) 2, ma'ana dole ne a gasa na'urar idan an fallasa ta ga yanayin muhalli fiye da rayuwar bene kafin reflow.

6.2 Abubuwan Kariya Lokacin Amfani

Mahimman abubuwan kariya sun haɗa da: guje wa matsin lamba na injiniya akan ruwan tabarau, hana gurɓata saman gani, amfani da hanyoyin sarrafa ESD masu dacewa, da kuma tabbatar da PCB da man solder suna tsabta don hana lalata da sulfur ya haifar (na'urar ta cika Gwajin Sulfur Class A1).

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Kewayon zafin ajiya shine -40°C zuwa +125°C. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci, yakamata a ajiye abubuwan a cikin jakunkunan shinge na danshi na asali tare da busasshen abu idan an buɗe jakar kuma lokacin fallasa ya wuce rayuwar bene na MSL 2.

7. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kunshi

Ana ba da LEDs akan tef da reel don haɗawa ta atomatik. Bayanin kunshi yana ƙididdige girman reel, faɗin tef, tazarar aljihu, da kuma jagorancin abubuwan akan tef.

7.2 Lambar Bangare da Dokokin Suna Model

Lambar bangare 2820-PA1501M-AM tana bin tsari mai ma'ana: "2820" yana nuna girman kunshin, "PA" mai yiwuwa yana nufin Amber da aka canza Phosphor, "150" na iya nufin gwajin na yanzu na mA, "1M" na iya nuna takamaiman rukunin ƙarfin haske/launi ko sigar, kuma "AM" yana tabbatar da launin amber. Bayanin oda yana ba da damar zaɓar takamaiman rukunoni don ƙarfin haske (F3/F4/F5) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (2730/3032/3235) don biyan takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikace.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Babban aikace-aikacen shine hasken mota. Wannan ya haɗa da aikace-aikacen ciki kamar hasken baya na dashboard, hasken maɓalli, da hasken yanayi. Aikace-aikacen waje sun haɗa da fitilun alamar gefe, alamun nuni na juyawa (dangane da ƙa'idodin gida da ƙarfin haske da ake buƙata), da fitilun gudanar da rana (DRLs) lokacin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin gungu ko tare da na'urorin gani masu dacewa.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi la'akari da su a Zance

Dole ne masu zane su yi la'akari da abubuwa da yawa:Gudanar da Zafi:Yi amfani da ƙimar juriya na zafi da lanƙwasa rage ƙarfi don ƙirar isasshen heatsink na PCB (zubar da tagulla) kuma mai yiwuwa a yi la'akari da amfani da PCB na tsakiya na ƙarfe (MCPCBs) don aikace-aikacen babban wutar lantarki ko babban yanayin zafi.Tuƙi na Yanzu:Yi amfani da direba mai tsayayye na yanzu don tsayayyen fitar haske. Yakamata a tsara direba don ɗaukar kewayon rukunin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba.Na'urorin Gani:Kusurwar kallo na 120° na iya buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, jagororin haske) don cimma tsarin katako da ake so don takamaiman aikace-aikace.Tsarin PCB:Bi shawarar ƙirar gindin solder da aka ba da shawara sosai, musamman don haɗin gindin zafi, wanda yakamata a haɗa shi zuwa babban yanki na tagulla tare da hanyoyin sadarwa da yawa zuwa ciki ko ƙasan yadudduka don yada zafi.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LEDs na kasuwanci, jerin 2820-PA1501M-AM sun bambanta kansu ta hanyar cancantar matakin mota (AEC-Q102). Wannan ya ƙunshi ƙarin gwaji mai tsanani don zagayowar zafin jiki, juriya ga danshi, rayuwar aiki mai zafi (HTOL), da sauran abubuwan damuwa. Ƙimar ESD na 8KV ya fi na sassa na kasuwanci na yau da kullun girma. Juriya ga sulfur (Class A1) babbar fa'ida ce a cikin yanayin mota da masana'antu inda sulfur na yanayi zai iya lalata abubuwan da aka lulluɓe da azurfa. Haɗin fitarwa mai ƙarfi (45 lm na yau da kullun) daga ƙaramin kunshin 2820 yana ba da ingantaccen inganci na haske da sassaucin ƙira.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 350 mA akai-akai?

A: Kuna iya tuƙa shi a 350 mA kawai idan zafin gindin solder (Ts) yana ko ƙasa da 25°C, kamar yadda lanƙwasa rage ƙarfi ya nuna. A cikin aikace-aikacen gaske tare da Ts mafi girma, matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba da aka yarda zai zama ƙasa. Koyaushe ku tuntuɓi lanƙwasa rage ƙarfi.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin Rth JS na ainihi da Rth JS el?

A: Rth JS na ainihi ana auna shi ta amfani da sigogi mai hankali ga zafi (kamar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba) kuma yana wakiltar ainihin hanyar zafi. Rth JS el ana ƙididdige shi daga sigogi na lantarki kuma sau da yawa yana ƙasa. Don ƙirar zafi mai ra'ayin mazan jiya, yi amfani da mafi girman ƙimar Rth JS na ainihi (22 K/W matsakaicin).

Q: Ta yaya zan zaɓi rukunin da ya dace?

A: Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen haske, ƙayyade ƙaramin rukunin ƙarfin haske (misali, F4). Don tsararrun inda raba halin yanzu ke da mahimmanci, ƙayyade ƙaramin rukunin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Don aikace-aikacen masu mahimmanci na launi, ƙayyade rukunin launi (YA ko YB).

Q: Shin wannan LED ya dace da PWM dimming?

A: Ee, graf na ƙarfin sarrafa bugun jini yana nuna cewa zai iya ɗaukar matsakaicin halin yanzu a ƙananan matakan aiki. Tabbatar cewa faɗin bugun jini da mitar suna cikin iyakokin da aka ƙayyade don guje wa yin zafi sosai.

11. Misalan Zance da Amfani na Aiki

Misali 1: Tsiri na Hasken Yanayi na Cikin Mota:Zance yana amfani da LEDs 20 a jere akan PCB mai sassauƙa. Mai zane ya zaɓi rukunin ƙarfin haske F4 don daidaitaccen haske da rukunin ƙarfin lantarki 3032 don kyakkyawan daidaitawa. Ana amfani da direba mai tsayayye na yanzu wanda ke ba da 150 mA. An haɗa PCB mai sassauƙa zuwa chassis na ƙarfe don heatsinking, yana kiyaye Ts ƙasa da 80°C, wanda ke ba da damar halin yanzu na aiki mai aminci bisa ga lanƙwasa rage ƙarfi.

Misali 2: Hasken Alamar Gefen Waje:Zancen yana amfani da LEDs 3. Saboda yanayin zafi mafi girma na ƙarƙashin hular, mai zane yana amfani da PCB na tsakiya na ƙarfe (MCPCB). Ana yin kwaikwayon zafi ta amfani da Rth JS na ainihi = 22 K/W da kuma yanayin zafi da ake tsammani don tabbatar da Tj ya kasance ƙasa da 125°C. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na 120° yana kawar da buƙatar ruwan tabarau na watsawa na biyu, yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar gida.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED nau'in ne da aka canza phosphor. Babban guntun semiconductor yana fitar da haske a gajeren zango (yawanci shuɗi ko kusa da UV). Wannan hasken yana sha ta wani Layer na kayan phosphor da aka ajiye akan ko kewaye da guntun. Sannan phosphor yana sake fitar da haske a tsayin zango mafi tsayi. Ta hanyar zaɓar abun da ke ciki na phosphor a hankali, haɗin haske daga guntun da phosphor ana ganinsa azaman amber. Wannan hanyar tana ba da damar sarrafa daidai wurin launi kuma sau da yawa yana ba da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali da daidaito idan aka kwatanta da LEDs masu launi kai tsaye (kamar AlInGaP don amber/ja). Kunshin da aka ɗora a saman yana haɗa guntun, phosphor, da ruwan tabarau na silicone ko epoxy wanda ke siffanta fitar haske kuma yana ba da kariya ga muhalli.

13. Trends da Ci gaban Fasaha

Trend a cikin hasken LED na mota yana zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), mafi girman yawan wutar lantarki (ƙarin haske daga ƙananan fakitoci), da ingantaccen aminci a ƙarƙashin yanayi masu tsanani. Fasahar Phosphor tana ci gaba da ci gaba, tana ba da ingantaccen ingancin canzawa da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na launi akan zafi da lokaci. Fasahar kunshi tana haɓaka don inganta aikin zafi, yana ba da damar tuƙi mafi girma ba tare da lalata rayuwa ba. Bugu da ƙari, haɗa na'urorin lantarki direba da guntuwar LED da yawa cikin guntu ɗaya yana girma. Bin ka'idoji kamar AEC-Q102 da takamaiman gwaje-gwajen juriya ga sulfur yana nuna ƙoƙarin masana'antu don ƙididdige aminci da garanti a cikin yanayin mota masu tsanani.