Takardar Bayanin LTLMH4TGVADA Fitilar LED - Girman 4.2x4.2x2.0mm - Ƙarfin Wuta 2.5-3.5V - Koriya 525nm - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakken ƙayyadaddun wani fitilar LED mai haske mai ƙarfi da ake hawa a saman allon. An ƙera shi don layukan haɗa SMT na zamani, wannan na'urar tana ba da ingantaccen aikin gani a cikin ƙaramin fakitin da ya dace da aikace-aikace masu ƙarfi.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da ƙarfin fitar da haske, ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, da ingantacciyar aiki. Tana amfani da fasahar epoxy mai ci gaba wacce ke ba da kyakkyawan juriya ga danshi da kariya daga hasken UV. Fakitin ba shi da gubar, ba shi da halogen, kuma ya bi ka'idodin RoHS. Matsakaicin ƙaramin kusurwar kallonsa na digiri 100/40 ya sa ya dace musamman da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar sarrafa rarraba haske ba tare da ƙarin na'urorin gani na biyu ba. Kasuwannin da ake nufi sun haɗa da tambarin saƙon bidiyo, tambarin zirga-zirga, da sauran aikace-aikacen tambari inda ganuwa da aminci suke da muhimmanci.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Cikakken bincike na halayen lantarki, gani, da zafi na na'urar yana da mahimmanci don haɗa shi da kyau cikin ƙira.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar Aiki

Ba za a iya aiki da na'urar fiye da waɗannan iyakokin ba don hana lalacewa na dindindin. Manyan ƙimar sun haɗa da matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki na 105 mW, matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na DC na 30 mA, da matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na 100 mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (duty cycle ≤1/10, faɗin bugun jini ≤10ms). Ana ƙayyade kewayon zafin aiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C. Na'urar na iya jure haɗa sake kunnawa a matsakaicin zafin 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Gani

An auna a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na TA=25°C da IF=20mA, manyan sigogi suna ayyana aikin na'urar. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da matsakaicin kewayon, tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙananan da manyan ƙimar da aka ayyana a cikin teburin kwandon shara. Ƙarfin wutar gaba (VF) yana tsakanin 2.5V zuwa 3.5V. Na'urar tana fitar da hasken kore tare da tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λP) yawanci a 522 nm da tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd) daga 519 nm zuwa 539 nm, kamar yadda lambobin kwandon shara suka ayyana. Rabin faɗin bakan (Δλ) yawanci 35 nm ne. Halin yanzu na baya (IR) shine matsakaicin 10 μA a VR=5V, lura cewa ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin baya ba.

2.3 Halayen Zafi

Sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci don tsawon rayuwar LED da kwanciyar hankali na aiki. Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki shine 105 mW a 25°C. Dole ne a rage halin yanzu na gaba na DC a layi daga 30 mA a 45°C zuwa 0 mA a 105°C, a ƙimar 0.5 mA/°C. Wannan lanƙwasa rage ƙimar yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar tsarin da ke aiki a cikin yanayin yanayi mai girma.

3. Ƙayyadaddun Tsarin Rarraba Kwandon Shara

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba na'urori zuwa kwandon shara bisa manyan sigogi.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken

Ana rarraba na'urori zuwa manyan kwandon shara guda uku don ƙarfin haske (Iv) da aka auna a IF=20mA: Kwandon shara V (4200-5500 mcd), Kwandon shara W (5500-7200 mcd), da Kwandon shara X (7200-9300 mcd). Ana amfani da juzu'i na ±15% ga kowane iyaka na kwandon shara. Ana yiwa lambar kwandon shara ta musamman alama a kan marufin samfurin.

3.2 Rarraba Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa Mai Rinjaye

Don sarrafa launi daidai, ana rarraba tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye (λd) zuwa rukuni biyar: G1 (519-523 nm), G2 (523-527 nm), G3 (527-531 nm), G4 (531-535 nm), da G5 (535-539 nm). Ana kiyaye ƙaramin juzu'i na ±1 nm ga kowane iyaka na kwandon shara.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwasa masu hoto a cikin takardar, ana iya bayyana yanayin aikin yau da kullun. Halin halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin wutar gaba (I-V) zai nuna alaƙar ma'auni ta gama gari ga diodes. Ƙarfin haske yawanci aikin kusa da layi ne na halin yanzu na gaba a cikin kewayon aikin da aka ba da shawarar. Ƙarfin wutar gaba yana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau, ma'ana yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. Tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye kuma na iya canzawa kaɗan tare da canje-canje a cikin zafin haɗin gwiwa da halin yanzu na tuƙi.

5. Bayanin Injina da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Bayanin

Na'urar tana da ƙaramin fakitin da ake hawa a saman allon. Manyan girma sun haɗa da girman jiki na kusan 4.2mm ±0.2mm a tsayi da faɗi, da tsayi na kusan 2.0mm ±0.5mm. Matsakaicin tsayin fakitin gabaɗaya ciki har da igiyoyi shine kusan 6.2mm ±0.5mm. An ba da cikakken zanen girma mai girma a cikin takardar tushe, gami da bayanin kula game da juzu'i da tazarar jagora.

5.2 Gano Ƙarfin Wuta da Ƙirar Kafet

Na'urar tana da tashoshi uku: P1 (Anode), P2 (Cathode), da P3 (Anode). An ba da tsarin kafet ɗin da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗa gami da ingantaccen sarrafa zafi. Bayanin kula na 2 don tsarin kafet ɗin ya ba da shawarar musamman don haɗa kafet ɗin tsakiya (P3) zuwa na'urar sanyaya ko tsarin sanyaya don rarraba zafi yayin aiki.

6. Jagororin Haɗa Gami da Haɗawa

6.1 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

An ƙididdige samfurin Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Danshi (MSL) 3 bisa JEDEC J-STD-020. A cikin jakar shinge na danshi da aka rufe, ana iya adana shi na watanni 12 a<30°C da<90% RH. Bayan buɗewa, dole ne a kiyaye na'urorin a<30°C da<60% RH kuma dole ne a haɗa su cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7). Ana buƙatar gasa a 60°C ±5°C na sa'o'i 20 idan katin nuna danshi ya nuna >10% RH, idan rayuwar bene ta wuce sa'o'i 168, ko kuma idan an fallasa shi zuwa >30°C da >60% RH. Ya kamata a yi gasa sau ɗaya kawai.

6.2 Tsarin Haɗa Gami

Haɗa Sake Kunnawa:An ba da shawarar bayanin martaba na sake kunnawa mara gubar. Matsakaicin zafin jiki bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba, kuma lokacin da ya wuce 260°C dole ne ya zama matsakaicin dakika 10. Ya kamata a yi dumama kafin a yi a cikin kewayon 150-200°C har zuwa matsakaicin dakika 120. Ba za a iya yin haɗa sake kunnawa fiye da sau biyu ba.
Haɗa Gami da Hannu:Idan ya cancanta, ana iya amfani da ƙarfe mai haɗa gami a matsakaicin zafin 315°C na matsakaicin lokaci na dakika 3 a kowane haɗin gwiwa. Ba za a iya yin haɗa gami da hannu fiye da sau ɗaya ba.
Tsaftacewa:An ba da shawarar barasa na isopropyl ko makamancin haka na barasa don tsaftacewa.
Mahimman Bayanin Kula:An ƙera na'urar don haɗa sake kunnawa, ba haɗa gami ba. Ba za a iya amfani da damuwa na waje yayin haɗa gami yayin da LED yake cikin zafi mai girma. Ya kamata a guji sanyaya cikin sauri daga matsakaicin zafin jiki.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Marufi

Ana samar da na'urorin akan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya da aka yi wa ado da aka nannade a kan reels. Girman reel ɗin an daidaita shi. Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da gabaɗayan guda 1,000. An ƙayyade girman tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya dalla-dalla a cikin takardar tushe, gami da girman aljihu, tazarar, da ƙayyadaddun tef ɗin rufewa. An yiwa marufin alama a fili cewa yana ƙunshe da Na'urori Masu Kula da Wutar Lantarki (ESD) waɗanda ke buƙatar hanyoyin sarrafawa masu aminci.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen tambari na cikin gida da na waje, da kuma kayan aikin lantarki na yau da kullun. Ƙarfinsa mai haske da sarrafa kusurwar kallonsa sun sa ya dace da tambarin saƙon bidiyo, tambarin zirga-zirga, da sauran nuni na bayanai inda ake buƙatar ganuwa mai nisa ko takamaiman tsarin haske.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙirar Da'ira

LEDs na'urori ne masu aiki da halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske lokacin haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya, ana ba da shawarar ƙwarai don amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da kowane LED na musamman. Tuƙi LED da yawa a layi daya ba tare da resistors na musamman ba (kamar yadda yake a cikin Da'ira B a cikin takardar tushe) na iya haifar da bambance-bambancen haske da ake iya gani saboda bambance-bambance a cikin halayen ƙarfin wutar gaba (Vf) na kowane na'ura.

8.3 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

Na'urar tana da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki da ƙarfin wutar lantarki, wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin. Dole ne a bi ƙa'idodin sarrafa ESD daidai a duk matakan haɗawa, gwaji, da sarrafawa. Wannan ya haɗa da amfani da tashoshin aiki masu tushe, igiyoyin wuyan hannu, da kwantena masu ɗaukar wutar lantarki.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun fakitin SMD ko PLCC (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier), wannan fitilar da ake hawa a saman allon tana ba da fa'ida mai mahimmanci a cikin sarrafa gani. Ƙirar ruwan tabarau na haɗin gwiwar yana ba da tsarin radiyo mai santsi da ƙaramin kusurwar kallo (100/40° na yau da kullun) ba tare da buƙatar ƙarin ruwan tabarau na waje ba. Wannan yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar samfurin ƙarshe, yana rage adadin sassa, kuma yana iya rage farashin tsarin gaba ɗaya yayin kiyaye sarrafa katako daidai. Kayan epoxy na ci gaba kuma yana ba da ƙarfin ƙarfin muhalli don aikace-aikacen waje.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin raƙuman ruwa da tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye?
A: Tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λP) shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa inda bakan fitarwa yake da ƙarfin girma. Tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye (λd) an samo shi daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya wanda ya fi bayyana launin hasken da idon ɗan adam ke gani. Don ƙayyadewa da daidaiton launi, tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye shine mafi mahimmancin sigogi.

Q: Me yasa ake buƙatar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ga kowane LED a layi daya?
A: Ƙarfin wutar gaba (Vf) na LEDs yana da juzu'i na samarwa. Idan an haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya kai tsaye zuwa tushen wutar lantarki, LED tare da mafi ƙarancin Vf zai ja halin yanzu da yawa, wanda zai haifar da haske mai girma kuma mai yuwuwar yin zafi sosai, yayin da wasu suka kasance duhu. Resistor na jere ga kowane LED yana taimakawa daidaita halin yanzu kuma yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske.

Q: Menene MSL 3 ke nufi ga tsarin samar da nawa?
A: MSL 3 yana nuna cewa na'urar na iya ɗaukar matakan danshi masu lalacewa daga iskar yanayi. Da zarar an buɗe jakar da aka rufe, kuna da sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) don kammala tsarin haɗa gami a ƙarƙashin danshi da aka sarrafa (<60% RH,<30°C). Wucewa wannan "rayuwar bene" yana buƙatar gasa na'urorin kafin haɗa gami don fitar da danshi da hana "gyaɗa" ko rabuwa yayin tsarin sake kunnawa mai zafi.

11. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar Tambari na Waje Mai Ganewa.
Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar tambarin karkatar da zirga-zirga mai amfani da hasken rana, mai jure yanayi. Manyan abubuwan da ake buƙata sune haske mai ƙarfi don ganuwar rana, tsawon rayuwa, da aminci a cikin yanayin zafi daban-daban. An zaɓi wannan LED saboda ƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi (har zuwa 9300 mcd) da ƙaƙƙarfan fakitin tare da juriya ga danshi. Ƙaramin kusurwar kallo na digiri 100/40 yana ba da damar hasken tambarin ya zama shiri yadda ya kamata zuwa ga zirga-zirgar da ke zuwa, yana ƙara ƙarfin haske da ake gani ba tare da ɓarnawar haske ba. Mai ƙira yana amfani da teburin kwandon shara don ƙayyade LED daga Kwandon shara X don matsakaicin haske da takamaiman G-kwandon shara (misali, G3) don daidaitaccen launin kore a duk faɗin tambarin. Ana tuƙi kowane LED ta hanyar da'irar tuƙi na halin yanzu na yau da kullun tare da resistors na jere na musamman don tabbatar da daidaito. Ana bin tsarin kafet ɗin da aka ba da shawarar akan PCB, tare da haɗa kafet ɗin zafi (P3) zuwa manyan zubar da tagulla don ɓarkewar zafi, yana tabbatar da cewa zafin haɗin gwiwa ya kasance cikin iyakoki don amincin dogon lokaci.

12. Gabatar da Ƙa'idar Aiki

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske lokacin da wutar lantarki ta wuce ta cikin su. Ana kiran wannan al'amari electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar gaba a kan haɗin p-n na kayan semiconductor (a wannan yanayin, InGaN don hasken kore), electrons suna sake haɗuwa tare da ramuka a cikin na'urar, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman tsayin raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar tazarar bandgap na kayan semiconductor. An ƙera ruwan tabarau na haɗin gwiwar wannan fakitin SMD don siffanta da jagorantar wannan hasken da aka fitar zuwa takamaiman tsarin radiyo.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin fasahar LED yana ci gaba zuwa ga ingantacciyar inganci (ƙarin lumens a kowace watt), ƙara ƙarfin wutar lantarki, da ingantaccen bayyana launi da daidaito. Fasahar marufi tana haɓaka don sarrafa zafin da aka samar a mafi girman halin yanzu na tuƙi, sau da yawa ta hanyar ingantattun hanyoyin zafi a cikin fakitin kanta, kamar kafet ɗin zafi da aka nuna a cikin wannan na'urar. Hakanan ana mai da hankali kan ƙananan ƙira yayin kiyayewa ko ƙara fitowar gani, da kuma haɓaka aminci don aikace-aikacen muhalli mai tsanani kamar mota da tambarin waje. Ƙoƙarin dorewa yana tura ƙarin kawar da kayan haɗari da haɓaka ingancin masana'antu.