Bayanin Fasaha na Fitilar LED LTLMR4YW2DA - 4.2x4.2x6.9mm - 2.4V Matsakaici - 120mW - Rawaya 590nm - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTLMR4YW2DA fitilar LED ce mai hawa a saman allon da aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen haske masu ƙarfi. Tana amfani da kayan semiconductor na Rawaya AllnGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don samar da haske mai tsayin raƙuman ruwa na 594nm. An tattara na'urar a cikin kullin epoxy mai watsawa mai launin rawaya, wanda aka ƙera don samar da tsarin radiyo mai ƙuntatawa, ba tare da buƙatar ƙarin na'urori na gani na biyu ba. Wannan ya sa ya dace musamman don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen shugabanci na haske da ƙarfin haske a kan axis.

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da ƙarfin fitilar haske, wanda ya kai 16,000 mcd a daidaitaccen igiyar kuzari na 20mA, da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki wanda ke haifar da ingantacciyar aiki. An gina kunshin ta amfani da fasahar ƙirar epoxy mai ci gaba, wanda ke ba da mafi girman juriya ga danshi da kariya daga UV, yana haɓaka dogon lokacin aminci a yanayi daban-daban. Samfurin ya cika ka'idojin RoHS, kasancewar ba shi da gubar kuma ba shi da halogen.

Kasuwar da aka yi niyya don wannan ɓangaren ta haɗa da masu kera alamun ƙwararru da tsarin nuni. Babban aikace-aikacensa yana cikin alamun saƙon bidiyo, alamomin zirga-zirga, da sauran nau'ikan alamun saƙo inda babban gani, daidaiton launi, da aminci suke da mahimmanci. Matsakaicin kusurwar kallo na 25° yana tabbatar da cewa an tattara haske gaba, yana haɓaka hasken da ake gani ga masu kallo kai tsaye a gaban alamar.

2. Bincike na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga

An ƙayyade na'urar don aiki a cikin ƙayyadaddun iyakoki don tabbatar da aminci. Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki shine 120 mW a yanayin yanayi (TA) na 25°C. Halin yanzu na gaba na DC bai kamata ya wuce 50 mA ba. Don aikin bugun jini, matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na 120 mA yana yiwuwa a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi: zagayowar aiki na 1/10 ko ƙasa da haka kuma faɗin bugun jini bai wuce 10ms ba. Kewayon zafin aiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C, kewayon zafin ajiya ya faɗaɗa daga -40°C zuwa +100°C. Ma'auni mai mahimmanci don haɗawa shine yanayin haɗa gubar reflow, wanda ke ba da izinin matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na dakika 10, wanda ya dace da daidaitattun bayanan reflow mara gubar.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Ana auna ma'auni masu mahimmanci na aiki a TA=25°C da IF=20mA. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da kewayon yau da kullun daga 7,200 zuwa 16,000 millicandelas (mcd), tare da takamaiman ƙimomin da aka ƙaddara ta hanyar tsarin binning. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2), wanda aka ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar sa akan axis, yawanci 25° tare da jurewa na ±2°. Tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye (λd) don launin rawaya an ƙayyade shi tsakanin 583.5 nm da 593.5 nm, tare da matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λP) na 594 nm da rabin faɗin bakan (Δλ) na 15 nm. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) ya bambanta daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 1.8V zuwa matsakaicin 2.4V a gwajin halin yanzu. Halin yanzu na baya (IR) an iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin 10 μA a ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V, lura cewa ba a ƙera na'urar don aiki a cikin ƙarancin lantarki ba.

3. Ƙayyadaddun Tsarin Binning

An rarraba LED ɗin zuwa kwandon shara don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin rukunin samarwa. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikace don daidaito.

3.1 Binning na Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ƙarfin haskensu da aka auna a 20mA. Lambobin kwandon shara sune: Lamba X (7,200 - 9,300 mcd), Lamba Y (9,300 - 12,000 mcd), da Lamba Z (12,000 - 16,000 mcd). Jurewar ±15% ya shafi kowane iyaka na kwandon shara.

3.2 Binning na Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa Mai Rinjaye (Wd)

Don sarrafa daidaiton launi, ana rarraba LED ɗin ta tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye. Kwandon shara sune: Y1 (583.5 - 586.0 nm), Y2 (586.0 - 588.5 nm), Y3 (588.5 - 591.0 nm), da Y4 (591.0 - 593.5 nm). Ana amfani da jurewar ±1nm ga kowane iyaka na kwandon shara.

3.3 Binning na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Vf)

Hakanan ana rarraba ƙarfin lantarki na gaba don taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'ira don daidaita halin yanzu. Kwandon shara sune: 1A (1.8 - 2.0V), 2A (2.0 - 2.2V), da 3A (2.2 - 2.4V). Jurewar ±0.1V ya shafi kowane iyaka.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

4.1 Girman Bayani

Kunshin yana da ƙafar jikin murabba'i na 4.2mm ±0.2mm a kowane gefe. Jimlar tsayi, gami da ruwan tabarau, shine 6.9mm ±0.5mm. Jagororin suna fitowa daga ƙasan kunshin, tare da tazarar jagora (inda jagororin suka fito) na 3.65mm ±0.2mm. Ana ba da izinin matsakaicin resin na 1.0mm a ƙarƙashin flange. Duk girmansu sun haɗa da jurewar gabaɗaya na ±0.25mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade su.

4.2 Gano Polarity

Na'urar tana da jagora uku (P1, P2, P3). An ayyana P1 da P3 a matsayin Anode (+), kuma an ayyana P2 a matsayin Cathode (-). Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen polarity yayin shimfidar PCB da haɗawa.

5. Jagororin Haɗa Gubar da Haɗawa

5.1 Bayanin Haɗa Gubar Reflow

An ƙididdige LED don hanyoyin haɗa gubar reflow mara gubar. Ma'auni na shawarar sune: Zafin jiki na Preheating/Soak daga 150°C zuwa 200°C na matsakaicin dakika 120. Lokacin da ya wuce zafin jiki na ruwa (T_L= 217°C) ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 60 da 150 dakika. Matsakaicin zafin jikin kunshin (T_P) bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba, kuma lokacin da ke cikin 5°C na ƙayyadaddun zafin jiki na rarrabuwa (T_C= 255°C) ya kamata ya zama matsakaicin dakika 30. Jimlar lokaci daga 25°C zuwa matsakaicin zafin jiki bai kamata ya wuce mintuna 5 ba.

5.2 Haɗa Gubar da Hannu

Idan haɗa gubar da hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfe mai haɗa gubar tare da zafin ƙarshen bai wuce 315°C ba. Lokacin haɗa gubar kowane jagora ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin dakika 3, kuma wannan ya kamata a yi shi sau ɗaya kawai a kowane haɗin gwiwa don hana lalacewar zafi ga LED.

5.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan haɗa gubar, yi amfani da kaushi na barasa kawai kamar isopropyl alcohol. Ya kamata a guji tsaftataccen ko masu tsaftacewa masu ƙarfi saboda suna iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko alamun kunshin.

6. Ajiya da Gudanarwa

6.1 Hancin Danshi

An rarraba wannan ɓangaren a matsayin Matakin Hancin Danshi 3 (MSL3) bisa ma'aunin JEDEC J-STD-020. Ana ba da LED ɗin a cikin jakar shinge na danshi da aka rufe (MBB) tare da desiccant da katin nuna danshi. Lokacin da aka adana a cikin MBB da ba a buɗe ba a yanayin <30°C da <90% Danshi Dangi (RH), rayuwar shiryayye shine watanni 12.

6.2 Rayuwar Bene da Gasasshen

Bayan an buɗe jakar shinge na danshi, \"rayuwar bene\" ta fara. Dole ne a adana LED ɗin a <30°C da <60% RH, kuma duk hanyoyin haɗa gubar ko zafin jiki mai zafi dole ne a kammala su cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7). Ana buƙatar gasasshen idan: katin nuna danshi ya nuna >10% RH, rayuwar bene ta wuce sa'o'i 168, ko kuma abubuwan sun kasance a >30°C da >60% RH. Yanayin gasasshen da aka ba da shawarar shine 60°C ±5°C na sa'o'i 20, kuma gasasshen ya kamata a yi shi sau ɗaya kawai. Tsawaita bayyanawa ga iskar yanayi na iya yin oxidize da azurfa a kan jagororin, yana shafar iya haɗa gubar. LED ɗin da ba a yi amfani da su ba ya kamata a sake rufe su tare da desiccant a cikin jakar shinge na danshi.

7. Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin

Ana ba da LED ɗin akan tef ɗin ɗaukar hoto don haɗawa ta atomatik ta zaɓi da sanya. Girman tef ɗin an daidaita shi: tsayin aljihu shine 8.0mm ±0.1mm, faɗin tef ɗin shine 16.0mm ±0.3mm. Kowane reel yana ɗauke da guda 1,000 na LED. Ana kunna reels ɗin tare da kayan kariya: ana sanya reel ɗaya a cikin jakar shinge na danshi tare da desiccant da katin nuna danshi. An tattara irin waɗannan jakunkunan shinge na danshi uku a cikin akwati ɗaya na ciki, jimlar guda 3,000. A ƙarshe, an tattara akwatuna goma na ciki a cikin akwati ɗaya na jigilar kaya na waje, wanda ya haifar da jimlar guda 30,000 a kowane akwatin waje. An yiwa kunshin alamar gargaɗin fitar da wutar lantarki (ESD) a fili, yana nuna cewa na'urorin suna da hankali kuma suna buƙatar hanyoyin gudanarwa masu aminci.

8. Bayanin Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

Don tabbatar da aiki mai ƙarfi da tsawon rai, dole ne a tuka LED ɗin tare da tushen halin yanzu na akai, ba ƙarfin lantarki na akai ba. Ana iya amfani da resistor na jerin sauƙi don iyakance halin yanzu na asali, wanda aka ƙididdige shi azaman R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Duk da haka, don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai ƙarfi akan zafin jiki ko bambance-bambancen wadataccen wutar lantarki, ana ba da shawarar takamaiman IC direban LED ko da'irar halin yanzu na akai na transistor. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC bai kamata ya wuce 50 mA ba. Don ƙira masu tura iyakokin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki, dole ne a mai da hankali sosai ga lanƙwasa derating, wanda ke ƙayyade derating na layi na 0.75 mA a kowane digiri Celsius sama da zafin yanayi na 45°C.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafin Jiki

Ko da yake ba a ƙera kunshin da farko a matsayin LED mai ƙarfi ba, ingantaccen sarrafa zafin jiki akan PCB yana da mahimmanci har yanzu don kiyaye aiki da tsawon rai. Ƙirar kushin PCB ya kamata ta bi ƙafar ƙafar da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen samuwar haɗin gubar da kuma karkatar da zafin jiki daga LED. Yin amfani da PCB tare da ramukan zafi a ƙarƙashin kushin zafin jiki na LED (idan ya dace) ko tabbatar da isasshen zubar da tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa kushin cathode/anode na iya taimakawa wajen tarwatsa zafi. Yin amfani da LED a ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙididdigansa a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi zai rage ingantaccen rayuwarsa kuma yana iya haifar da canjin launi ko faɗuwar ƙarfi.

8.3 Abubuwan Ƙira na Gani

Ruwan tabarau mai watsawa da aka gina da kuma ƙuntataccen kusurwar kallo suna kawar da buƙatar na'urori na gani na biyu a yawancin aikace-aikacen alama, suna sauƙaƙa haɗawa da rage farashi. Tsarin radiyo yana da santsi. Masu ƙira ya kamata su yi la'akari da rarraba ƙarfin kusurwa lokacin tsara tazarar tsakanin LED ɗin a cikin jeri don cimma haske iri ɗaya ba tare da wurare masu duhu ba. Yanayin watsawar ruwan tabarau yana taimakawa wajen rage pixelation ko wuraren zafi na LED ɗin ɗaya, yana haifar da bayyanar gani mafi haɗin kai a cikin allunan saƙo.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun SMD (Surface Mount Device) ko PLCC (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) kunshin LED, wannan nau'in kunshin fitila yana ba da fa'idodi daban-daban don hasken shugabanci. Daidaitattun LED na SMD sau da yawa suna da faɗin kusurwar kallo (misali, 120°), suna yada haske a kan yanki mafi girma, wanda bai dace ba don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ganin haske daga takamaiman shugabanci. Kusurwar kallo na 25° na LTLMR4YW2DA yana tattara ƙarfin haske, yana haifar da mafi girman ƙarfin haske na axial (candelas) don adadin jimillar fitilar haske (lumens). Wannan ya sa ya fi dacewa don aikace-aikace kamar alamomin zirga-zirga, inda mai kallo yawanci yana cikin mazugi mai ƙunci a gaban alamar. Haɗaɗɗen ruwan tabarau da ƙaƙƙarfan jagororin irin rami a cikin jikin SMD suna ba da daidaitaccen ma'auni na sarrafa gani, ƙarfin injiniya, da dacewa da haɗawa ta atomatik.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai kololuwa da tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye?

A: Tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai kololuwa (λP) shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya wanda bakan fitowa yana da matsakaicin ƙarfinsa. Tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye (λd) an samo shi daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya na hasken monochromatic wanda zai bayyana yana da launi ɗaya da LED ga mai kallo na ɗan adam. Don LED mai ƙunƙuntaccen bakan kamar wannan nau'in rawaya AllnGaP, yawanci suna kusa sosai, amma λd shine ma'auni mafi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.

Q: Shin zan iya tuka wannan LED da tushen ƙarfin lantarki?

A: An ƙarfafa hakan sosai. LED ɗin na'urori ne masu tuka halin yanzu. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana da jurewa kuma yana bambanta da zafin jiki. Haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki, ko da tare da resistor na jerin da aka ƙididdige don V na yau da kullun_F, zai iya haifar da halin yanzu mai yawa idan ainihin V_Fyana a ƙarshen ƙananan kewayon sa, mai yuwuwar lalata LED. Koyaushe yi amfani da tsarin iyakance halin yanzu.

Q: Me yasa darajar MSL3 da tsarin gasasshen suke da mahimmanci?

A: Danshin da aka sha a cikin kunshin filastik na iya yin tururi da sauri yayin aikin haɗa gubar reflow mai zafi, yana haifar da rabuwa na ciki, fashewa, ko \"popcorning,\" wanda ke haifar da gazawa nan take ko a ɓoye. Yin bin hanyoyin gudanarwa na MSL3 (rayuwar bene na sa'o'i 168, ajiya daidai, da gasasshen lokacin da ake buƙata) yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da yawan haɗawa da amincin filin dogon lokaci.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin kwandon shara lokacin yin oda?

A> Lambobin kwandon shara (misali, Iv=Z, Wd=Y3, Vf=2A) suna ba ku damar ƙayyade kewayon aikin da kuke buƙata don aikace-aikacenku. Don alamar da ke buƙatar haske mai ƙarfi da daidaito, kuna iya ƙayyade Iv=Z. Don daidaita launi mai mahimmanci tsakanin alamomi da yawa ko a cikin babban jeri, za ku ƙayyade ƙunƙuntaccen kwandon shara na Wd kamar Y2 ko Y3. Tuntuɓi mai kayan don samun haɗin kwandon shara.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

LTLMR4YW2DA ya dogara ne akan fasahar semiconductor na AllnGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙofar kunna diode, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Anan, sun sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman makamashin bandgap na gawa na AllnGaP a cikin yankin aiki yana ƙayyade tsayin raƙuman hasken da aka fitar, wanda a wannan yanayin yana cikin yankin rawaya na bakan gani (~590nm). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai watsawa da ke kewaye da mutuwar semiconductor yana aiki don fitar da haske daga babban abu mai ƙima, siffanta tsarin radiyo zuwa ƙuntataccen katako, da kare tsarin semiconductor mai laushi daga lalacewar injiniya da muhalli.

12. Mahallin Masana'antu da Trends

Fitilolin LED masu hawa a saman allon kamar LTLMR4YW2DA suna wakiltar wani balagagge kuma ingantaccen yanki na kasuwar LED, suna haɗa tazarar tsakanin ƙananan LED masu nuna alama da manyan LED masu haskakawa. Trend a cikin wannan yanki yana ci gaba da kasancewa zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin lumens ko candelas a kowace watt), ingantaccen daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙuntataccen binning, da ingantattun ma'auni na aminci kamar tsawon rai (L70, L90) a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na aiki. Hakanan akwai ci gaba mai dorewa don ƙananan ƙira yayin kiyayewa ko ƙara fitowar gani, yana ba da damar mafi kyawun tazarar pixel a cikin manyan nuni da alamomi. Bugu da ƙari, dacewa tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin muhalli (fiye da RoHS, la'akari da abubuwa kamar REACH) da ikon jure ƙarin zafin jiki reflow profiles don ingantattun haɗin PCB har yanzu sun kasance manyan masu haɓaka ci gaba.