LTL1DETGEVK T-1 3mm Red-Green Bi-Color Through-Hole LED Datasheet - 30mA - 120mW - Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

The LTL1DETGEVK is a through-hole bicolor LED indicator that uses the popular T-1 (3mm) diameter package. It is designed to provide status indication in various electronic applications. The device integrates red and green LED chips within a water-clear lens, offering design flexibility for visual feedback systems.

1.1 Core Advantages

• Low Power Consumption and High Efficiency:Designed specifically for energy-efficient operation, suitable for battery-powered or power-sensitive applications.
• Lead-Free and RoHS Compliant:Production complies with environmental regulations, ensuring suitability for the global market.
• Standard Package:The T-1 (3mm) form factor is widely used and compatible with standard PCB layouts and mounting hardware.
• Dual-Color Function:Integrating red and green light emission in a single device simplifies PCB design and reduces the number of components required for multi-color indication.

1.2 Target Applications

This LED is suitable for status indication across multiple industries, including:

• Communication Equipment
• Computer Peripherals and Motherboards
• Consumer Electronics
• Na'ur kya'le na'ur kya'le

2. In-depth Analysis of Technical Parameters

Na'ur kya'le na'ur kya'le na'ur kya'le na'ur kya'le na'ur kya'le na'ur kya'le.

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Na'ur kya'le na'ur kya'le na'ur kya'le. Na'ur kya'le na'ur kya'le.

• Power Dissipation (Pd):Green: maximum 120 mW, red: maximum 79 mW. This difference is due to the red chip typically having a lower forward voltage and potentially different internal structure, leading to different thermal characteristics. The designer must ensure operating conditions do not exceed this limit, considering ambient temperature and any heat dissipation measures.
• Forward Current:The DC forward current rating for both colors is 30 mA. A higher peak forward current of up to 90 mA is only permitted under strict pulse conditions (duty cycle ≤ 1/10, pulse width ≤ 0.1µs). Continuous operation must not exceed the DC rating.
• Temperature Range:Operating Temperature: -30°C to +85°C. Storage Temperature: -40°C to +100°C. These define the environmental limits for reliable operation and non-operational storage.
• Soldering Temperature:The leads can withstand 260°C for a maximum of 5 seconds, measured at a point 2.0mm from the LED body. This is critical for wave soldering or hand soldering processes.

2.2 Electrical and Optical Characteristics

These are typical values and minimum/maximum values measured under specific test conditions (unless noted, TA=25°C, IF=20mA).

• Luminous Intensity (Iv):A key performance indicator. For green, the typical value is 9500 mcd (min: 3200, max: 16000). For red, the typical value is 900 mcd (min: 350, max: 2500). Significant differences in output power between colors are normal and must be considered in circuit design if uniform perceived brightness is required.
• Viewing Angle (2θ1/2):Approximately 30 degrees for both colors. This defines the cone angle within which the luminous intensity is at least half of the axial intensity. This is a standard narrow viewing angle, suitable for directional indication.
• Wavelength:
  • Peak Wavelength (λP): Green: 518 nm (typ.), Red: 633 nm (typ.). This is the wavelength at the highest point of the emission spectrum.
  • Dominant Wavelength (λd): Green: 525 nm (typical, range 519-531 nm), Red: 625 nm (typical). This is the single wavelength that defines the color as perceived by the human eye.
  • Spectral Half Width (Δλ): Green: 35 nm (typical), Red: 20 nm (typical). This indicates color purity; a smaller value means the light is closer to monochromatic.
• Forward Voltage (VF):Green: 3.5V (typical, max 4.0V). Red: 2.1V (typical, max 2.5V). This is crucial for designing the current-limiting resistor. The significant difference in voltage drop between the two colors means a single resistor value may not provide equal current for both.
• Reverse Current (IR):Max 100 µA at VR=5V. This device is not designed for reverse bias operation; this parameter is for leakage test purposes only. Preventing reverse voltage in the application circuit is critical.

3. Binning System Specifications

Products are graded based on key optical parameters to ensure consistency within the same production batch. The tolerance for grading limits is clearly defined.

3.1 Luminous Intensity Binning

Unit: mcd @ 20mA.

• Red Grading:KL (350-520), MN (520-680), PQ (680-1500), RS (1500-2500).
• Green Grading:VW (3200-5500), XY (5500-9300), Z5A (9300-16000).
• Tolerance:The tolerance for each bin limit is ±15%. This means a part binned as "KL" may have an intensity as low as approximately 298 mcd or as high as approximately 598 mcd.

3.2 Dominant Wavelength Binning (Green Only)

Unit: nm @ 20mA.

• Green Grading:G2 (519-525 nm), G3 (525-531 nm).
• Tolerance:The tolerance for each bin limit is ±1 nm. This tight control ensures consistency in the perceived green color among devices within the same bin.

4. Performance Curve Analysis

While specific graphical curves (Figure 1, Figure 6) are referenced in the datasheet, their interpretation is standard for LED technology.

4.1 Relationship Between Forward Current and Forward Voltage (I-V Curve)

Lankwarar I-V tana da siffar ƙididdiga. Ƙaramin ƙari a cikin ƙarfin lantarki yana haifar da babban ƙari a cikin kwarara. Wannan alaƙar da ba ta layi daya ba shine dalilin da ya sa LED dole ne a sarrafa ta ta hanyar tsarin iyakance kwarara (misali resistor a jere ko tushen kwarara akai), ba ta hanyar amfani da tushen ƙarfin lantarki kai tsaye ba.

4.2 Relationship Between Luminous Intensity and Forward Current

A cikin kewayon aiki, ƙarfin haskakawa yana daidaitawa da kusan daidai da kwararar gaba. Duk da haka, a cikin kwarara mai girma sosai, yuwuwar inganci na iya raguwa saboda ƙarin zafi.

4.3 Temperature Characteristics

Ayyukan LED yana da alaƙa da zazzabi:

• Forward Voltage (VF):Yana raguwa tare da haɓakar zafin jiki (ma'aunin zafin jiki mara kyau).
• Luminous Intensity (Iv):Yana raguwa tare da haɓakar zafin jiki. Takardar ƙayyadaddun bayanai ta ƙayyade halaye a 25°C; a cikin yanayin zafi mafi girma, fitarwa zai ragu.
• Wavelength:Yawanci yana ɗan canzawa tare da zafin jiki (ga AlInGaP da InGaN LED, yawanci zuwa tsayin raƙuman ruwa mafi tsayi).

5. Mechanical and Packaging Information

5.1 Outline Dimensions

Na'urar ta dace da daidaitaccen kayan aiki na T-1 (3mm) na radial. Bayanin mahimman girma ya haɗa da:

• Duk raka'o'in girma santa milimita (inji a cikin baka).
• Sai dai idan an faɗi daban, daidaitaccen ƙimar ƙima shine ±0.25mm.
• Maximum resin protrusion under the flange is 1.0mm.
• Lead pitch is measured at the point where the leads exit the package body, which is crucial for PCB pad design.

5.2 Polarity Identification

For through-hole LEDs, polarity is typically indicated by two features:

• Lead Length:The longer lead is usually the anode (positive).
• Package Flat:Many LED packages have a flat edge (flange) near the cathode (negative) lead. Consult the device's specification outline drawing for specific polarity markings.

Applying reverse voltage may damage the LED.

6. Soldering and Assembly Guide

Adhering to these guidelines is crucial for reliability during the manufacturing process and to prevent damage.

6.1 Storage Conditions

Recommended storage environment: ≤ 30°C and relative humidity ≤ 70%. LEDs removed from the original moisture barrier bag should be used within three months. For longer-term storage, use a sealed container with desiccant or a nitrogen environment.

6.2 Lead Forming

• Bend the leads at least 3mm away from the bottom of the LED lens.
• Do not use the package body as a fulcrum for bending.
• All lead forming should be performed at room temperature and prior to the soldering process.
• Use minimal clamping force when inserting into the PCB to avoid mechanical stress on the epoxy lens or internal bond points.

6.3 Soldering Process

Key Rules:Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa daga gindin ruwan tabarau na epoxy zuwa madaidaicin walda na 2mm. Kada a tsoma ruwan tabarau a cikin solder.

• Walda na hannu/ƙarfe mai zafi:Matsakaicin zafi: 350°C. Matsakaicin lokaci: dakika 3 a kowane ƙugiya. Walda sau ɗaya kawai.
• Walda na guguwa:
  • Dumama: Matsakaicin 100°C, matsakaicin lokaci dakika 60.
  • Guguwar solder: Matsakaicin 260°C.
  • Lokacin haɗuwa: Matsakaicin dakika 5.
  • Immersion position: not less than 2mm from the bottom of the lens.
• Not recommended:Infrared reflow soldering is not suitable for this type of through-hole package. Overheating or excessive time may cause lens deformation or catastrophic failure.

6.4 Cleaning

If cleaning is required, use alcohol-based solvents such as isopropanol. Avoid using harsh or abrasive cleaners.

7. Marufi da Bayanin Oda

7.1 Ƙa'idodin Marufi

The device adopts multi-layer graded packaging:

1. Basic Unit:500, 200, or 100 pieces per anti-static bag.
2. Inner Box:Contains 10 bags, totaling 5,000 pieces.
3. Outer Carton (Shipping Case):Contains 8 inner boxes, totaling 40,000 pieces.

Note: Within a single shipment lot, only the final outer package may contain a non-full quantity.

8. Shawarar Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

8.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Mota

LED is a current-driven device. To ensure brightness consistency and service life:

• Use a series current-limiting resistor:This is the most common and recommended method (Circuit A in the datasheet). The resistor value is calculated using Ohm's Law: R = (Vcc - Vf_LED) / I_desired, where Vf_LED is the forward voltage of the currently lit LED color (red or green).
• Avoid direct parallel connection:It is not recommended to directly parallel multiple LEDs with a single resistor (Circuit B). Minor differences in the forward voltage (Vf) characteristics between individual LEDs will cause severe current imbalance, leading to uneven brightness and potentially subjecting the LED with the lowest Vf to excessive stress.
• Dual-color control:To independently control red and green, two separate drive circuits (each with its own resistor and switch/GPIO pin) are required, connected with opposite polarity (common cathode or common anode configuration). The datasheet does not specify the internal chip configuration; the schematic must be designed accordingly.

8.2 Kariyar Hatsarin Lantarki (ESD)

LEDs are sensitive to electrostatic discharge. Precautions must be implemented in handling and assembly environments:

• Personnel must wear grounded wrist straps or anti-static gloves.
• All equipment, workstations, and storage racks must be properly grounded.
• Use ionizers to neutralize static charges that may accumulate on plastic lenses.
• Implement ESD training and certification programs for all handling personnel.

8.3 Gudanar da Zafi

Although this is a low-power device, adhering to the maximum power dissipation and operating temperature ratings is crucial for long-term reliability. Ensure sufficient airflow in the final application, especially when multiple LEDs are used in close proximity or when the drive current approaches its maximum rating.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

The primary differentiation of the LTL1DETGEVK lies in its combination of the following features within the commonly used T-1 package:

• Dual-color functionality in a standard package:It provides two colors (red/green) in a single 3mm device, saving board space and simplifying inventory management compared to using two single-color LEDs.
• Water Clear Lens:Provides the true color emitted by the chip. This differs from a diffused lens, which scatters light for a wider viewing angle but reduces axial intensity.
• Balanced Performance:Offers relatively high luminous intensity for green, standard intensity for red, with defined binning for predictable performance.
• Robust Specifications:Includes detailed absolute maximum ratings, soldering guidelines, and application notes, which are crucial for reliable manufacturing.

10. Tambayoyin da aka fi sani (bisa sigogin fasaha)

Q1: Why is the typical luminous intensity of green LEDs much higher than that of red?
A1: Wannan ya fi saboda karfin gani na ido (amfanin gani na haske), wanda ya kai kololuwa a yankin kore-rawaya (kimanin 555 nm). Idon mutum ba shi da karfi ga hasken ja (kimanin 625 nm). Don haka, don isa ga haske mai kama da fahimta, LED ja yana buƙatar fitar da ƙarin ƙarfin radiyo. Bambancin fasahar guntu (kore yana amfani da InGaN, ja yana amfani da AlInGaP) shima ya shafi inganci.

Q2: Zan iya tuƙa LED ja da kore tare don samar da hasken rawaya/lemu?
A2: A'a, wannan na'urar LED ce mai launi biyu, ba LED mai launi uku ko RGB ba. Tsarin cikinta yawanci yana da guntu biyu masu haɗin kai a juna (anode ɗaya ko cathode ɗaya). Yin amfani da wani nau'in ƙarfin lantarki yana kunna launi ɗaya; jujjuya nau'in yana kunna ɗayan. Ba za a iya kunna su tare don haɗa haske a cikin fakitin ba.

Q3: Don wutar lantarki na 5V, wane ƙimar resistor ya kamata in yi amfani da shi?
A3: Saboda bambancin Vf, kuna buƙatar lissafa kowane launi daban.

• Don kore (Vf_typ=3.5V, I=20mA): R = (5V - 3.5V) / 0.02A = 75 ohms. Yi amfani da ƙimar daidai mafi kusa (misali, 75Ω ko 82Ω). Duba ƙarfin aiki: P = I²R = (0.02)² * 75 = 0.03W, don haka resistor na 1/8W ko 1/10W ya isa.
• Don ja (Vf_typ=2.1V, I=20mA): R = (5V - 2.1V) / 0.02A = 145 ohms. Ƙimar daidai mafi kusa ita ce 150Ω.

For conservative design to limit maximum current, always use the maximum Vf value from the datasheet.

Q4: Is this LED suitable for outdoor use?
A4: The datasheet indicates it is suitable for indoor and outdoor signage. However, for harsh outdoor environments, other factors not fully detailed in this datasheet must be considered: the UV resistance of the epoxy (water clear), moisture resistance, and extended temperature cycling performance. To ensure long-term outdoor reliability, applying conformal coating on the PCB may be necessary.

11. Practical Design and Usage Cases

Scenario: Dual-State Indicator Light on a Network Router
The designer needed an indicator to show power (green) and network activity (flashing red). The design was simplified using the LTL1DETGEVK.

1. Circuit:The microcontroller's GPIO pin is connected to the LED anode through a 75Ω resistor. The LED cathode is connected to a second GPIO pin configured as an output.
2. Operation:
   • Light up green: Set pin 1 (anode) to high level, pin 2 (cathode) to low level.
   • Light up red: Set pin 1 to low level, pin 2 to high level.
   • Turn off: Set both pins to the same logic level (both high or both low).
   • Network activity: Quickly switch between red and off states by toggling pin 2.
3. Advantages:Yana kayan aiki guda ɗaya kawai ke ɗaukar fili, yana amfani da filogi na GPIO guda biyu da resistors guda biyu, yana ba da bayyananniyar alamar aiki biyu a cikin ƙaramin sarari.

12. Working Principle

LED (Light Emitting Diode) na'urar semiconductor ce da ke haskakawa ta hanyar lantarki. Lokacin da ake amfani da ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau akan mahaɗin p-n, electrons daga kayan n-type suna haɗuwa da ramuka daga kayan p-type a cikin yanki mai aiki. Wannan haɗuwar yana sakin makamashi a cikin siffar photon (haske). Tsawon zangon hasken da ake fitarwa (launi) yana ƙayyadaddun ta hanyar tazarar band na kayan semiconductor da ake amfani da su a yankin mai aiki. LTL1DETGEVK ya ƙunshi irin wannan tsarin semiconductor guda biyu a cikin ɗakin ɗaki ɗaya: ɗaya an tsara shi don fitar da haske mai kore (mai yuwuwar amfani da Indium Gallium Nitride - InGaN), ɗayan kuma don fitar da haske ja (mai yuwuwar amfani da Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide - AlInGaP).

13. Technology Trends

Kasuwar LED masu shiga kai tsaye, musamman irin na'urori masu nuna alama kamar T-1, ta girma. Yarjejeniyoyin da ke tasiri wannan fanni sun haɗa da:

• Ci gaba da buƙatar tallafin gargajiya:Ko da yake na'urorin LED masu mannewa a saman (SMD) sun mamaye sabbin ƙira, LED masu shiga kai tsaye suna da mahimmanci don kula da na'urori da suka wanzu, ƙirar samfuri, amfani da masu sha'awar, da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ingantacciyar haɗin injina a cikin ɗakin radial ko mafi girma haske guda ɗaya.
• Mai da hankali kan inganci da amincin aiki:Even in mature packages, incremental improvements in internal quantum efficiency and epoxy lens materials lead to higher luminous intensity and better long-term color stability.
• Environmental Compliance:The push toward lead-free, RoHS, and potentially halogen-free materials remains a fundamental requirement for all components, including through-hole LEDs.
• Integration:The dual-color function of this device represents a form of integration, packing more functionality within a standard footprint. This trend continues with more complex multi-chip packages.

While not at the cutting edge of LED technology like micro-LEDs, through-hole LEDs such as the LTL1DETGEVK remain reliable and cost-effective solutions for indicator applications in the foreseeable future.