Takardar Bayanin Fasaha na Fitilar LED Mai Launuka Biyu LTLR1DESTBKJH155T - Shudi/Rawa - 3.2V/2.1V - 70mW/75mW

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun haɗin fitilar LED mai launuka biyu mai rami cikakke. Samfurin ya ƙunshi fitilar LED mai girman T-1, wacce ke da guntu na shudi na InGaN da na rawaya na AlInGaP, an saka su a cikin rikon kusurwa mai baƙi na filastik (gida). An tsara wannan haɗin a matsayin Alamar Allon Kewayawa (CBI), yana ba da siginar gani mai ƙarfi wacce ta dace da kayan lantarki iri-iri. Babban aikin shine ba da alamar yanayin ta hanyar launuka biyu daban-daban daga guda ɗaya, wanda aka ɗora a kai tsaye akan jirgin PCB.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

• Sauƙin Haɗawa:An tsara ƙirar don sauƙin haɗa allon kewayawa kuma ya dace da tsarin saka ta atomatik na tef da reeli.
• Ƙarfafa Ganewa:Kayan gidan baƙin suna inganta ma'aunin bambanci sosai, suna sa LED mai haske ya fi bayyana a kan bangon allon.
• Aiki Mai Launuka Biyu:Ya haɗa LED shudi (470nm na yau da kullun) da rawaya (589nm na yau da kullun) a cikin guda ɗaya, yana ba da damar nuna yanayi iri-iri.
• Yin Bin Dokokin Muhalli:Samfurin ba shi da gubar kuma ya cika ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hadari).
• Ƙarancin Amfani da Wutar Lantarki:An tsara shi don aiki mai inganci tare da yawan igiyoyin gaba na 10-20mA.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Da Ake Nufi

Ana nufin wannan ɓangaren don nuna yanayi da siginar gani a cikin na'urorin lantarki iri-iri. Manyan kasuwannin aikace-aikace sun haɗa da:

• Kayan Sadarwa:Masu sauya hanyoyin sadarwa, masu tafiyar da hanyoyin sadarwa, na'urorin haɗin intanet.
• Tsarin Kwamfuta:Sabobin, kwamfutocin tebur, na'urori masu kewaye.
• Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani:Kayan sauti/na bidiyo, kayan amfani na gida, na'urorin wasan bidiyo.
• Kula da Masana'antu:Allunan kayan aiki, tsarin sarrafawa, kayan aikin sarrafa kai.

2. Cikakken Bincike Kan Ma'auni na Fasaha

Sashe na gaba yana ba da cikakken fassarar ma'auni mahimman na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi da aka ƙayyade don na'urar. Duk bayanan an yi la'akari da su a yanayin zafin muhalli (TA) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka.

2.1 Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin matsin lamba waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki a ko kusa da waɗannan iyakokin don amfani na yau da kullun.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (PD):Shudi: 70 mW, Rawa: 75 mW. Wannan ma'auni yana iyakance jimillar wutar lantarki (IF * VF) wacce za a iya canza ta zuwa zafi a cikin guntun LED.
• Igiya ta Gaba:Ci gaba DC: Shudi: 20 mA, Rawa: 30 mA. Kololuwa (bugun jini): 60 mA ga duka launuka a ƙarƙashin yanayi na musamman (Duty Cycle ≤1/10, Faɗin Bugun ≤10µs). Wucewa da igiyar DC zai ƙara saurin raguwar lumen kuma yana iya haifar da gazawa mai tsanani.
• Yankunan Zafin Jiki:Aiki: -30°C zuwa +85°C. Ajiya: -40°C zuwa +100°C. Waɗannan suna ayyana iyakokin muhalli don aiki mai dogaro da ajiya ba tare da aiki ba.
• Zafin Solder:Tushe na iya jure 260°C na iyakar daƙiƙa 5, an auna shi 2.0mm daga jikin LED. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga tsarin solder na igiyar ruwa ko na hannu.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na yau da kullun na aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji, suna wakiltar yadda ake tsammanin na'urar za ta yi.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):An auna shi a IF=10mA. Shudi: 520 mcd (Na yau da kullun), Rawa: 310 mcd (Na yau da kullun). Takardar bayanin ta lura cewa dole ne a haɗa kari na gwaji na ±30% don tabbatarwa, yana nuna babban bambancin na'ura zuwa na'ura.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Kimanin digiri 40 ga duka launuka. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimarsa akan-axis, yana ayyana yadda hasken ke bazuwa.
• Tsawon Zango:
  • Kololuwar Tsawon Zango (λP): Shudi: 468 nm, Rawa: 591 nm (a kololuwar ma'auni).
  • Mahimmin Tsawon Zango (λd): Shudi: 470 nm (Na yau da kullun), Rawa: 589 nm (Na yau da kullun). Mahimmin tsawon zango shine launin da ake fahimta kamar yadda taswirar launi ta CIE ta ayyana.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):A IF=10mA. Shudi: 3.2V (Na yau da kullun, kewayon 2.6-3.5V), Rawa: 2.1V (Na yau da kullun, kewayon 1.7-2.5V). Bambance-bambancen ƙimar VF na launuka biyu yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar kewayawa, musamman lokacin tuƙi daga tushen igiya guda ɗaya.
• Igiya ta Baya (IR):Iyakar 10 µA a VR=5V. Takardar bayanin ta bayyana a sarari cewa na'urar babaan tsara ta don aiki na baya ba; wannan gwajin don siffanta kawai ne.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

An rarraba samfurin zuwa rukunoni bisa ma'auni mahimman na gani don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukunin samarwa. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da waɗannan iyakokin.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Hasken

Ana rarraba LED ta hanyar ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a 10mA. Lambar rukunin wani ɓangare ne na cikakken lambar sashi (misali, 'HJ' a cikin LTLR1DESTBKJH155T).

• Rukunonin LED Shudi:FG (110-180 mcd), HJ (180-310 mcd), KL (310-520 mcd).
• Rukunonin LED Rawa:DE (65-110 mcd), FG (110-180 mcd), HJ (180-310 mcd).
• Kari:Kowane iyakar rukunin yana da kari na ±30%, ma'ana ainihin ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimomin wani rukuni na iya bambanta da wannan adadin.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Launi (Mahimmin Tsawon Zango)

Hakanan ana rarraba LED ta hanyar mahimmin tsawon zango don sarrafa daidaiton launi.

• Rukunonin Launi na LED Shudi:Lamba 1 (464.0-470.0 nm), Lamba 2 (470.0-476.0 nm).
• Rukunonin Launi na LED Rawa:Lamba 3 (582.0-589.0 nm), Lamba 4 (589.0-596.0 nm).
• Kari:Kowane iyakar rukunin yana da kari mai matsi na ±1 nm.

Cikakken lambar sashi tana ƙayyadad da ainihin rukunin ƙarfi da launi na duka ɓangarorin shudi da rawaya, yana ba da damar zaɓi daidai don buƙatun aikace-aikace.

4. Bincike Kan Lankwasa Aiki

Yayin da PDF ta yi nuni ga lankwasai na yau da kullun, ana iya fahimtar yanayin gabaɗayan halayensu daga bayanan tebur da ilimin lantarki na semiconductor.

4.1 Halayen Igiya da Ƙarfin Lantarki (I-V)

Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) yana nuna alaƙar logarithmic tare da igiya. Ga LED shudi (InGaN), VF ya fi girma (~3.2V @10mA) idan aka kwatanta da LED rawaya (AlInGaP, ~2.1V @10mA) saboda bambancin ƙarfin bandgap na semiconductor. VF yana da ma'auni mara kyau na zafin jiki, yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi.

4.2 Fitowar Gani da Igiya (Halayen L-I)

Ƙarfin haske yana kusan layi daya tare da igiyar gaba a cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon aiki (har zuwa 20-30mA). Duk da haka, inganci (lumens kowace watt) na iya raguwa a manyan igiyoyi saboda ƙara samar da zafi da tasirin raguwa. Rukunoni daban-daban na ƙarfi suna wakiltar bambance-bambance a cikin wannan halayen L-I a cikin yawan masana'antu.

4.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Fitowar hasken LED tana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. LED rawaya AlInGaP yawanci yana da mafi ƙarfin hankali ga zafin jiki (babban raguwar fitarwa tare da zafi) fiye da LED shudi InGaN. Gudanar da zafi daidai yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye haske mai daidaito da dogon lokacin dogaro.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

5.1 Girman Tsari da Gina

Na'urar tana amfani da rikon kusurwa mai baƙi na filastik. Muhimman bayanan injiniya sun haɗa da:

• Duk girmansu suna cikin milimita, tare da kari na gabaɗaya na ±0.25mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade akasin haka.
• Kayan gidan filastik ne baƙi.
• Fitilar T-1 da aka haɗa tana da ruwan tabarau mai watsewa fari, wanda ke faɗaɗa kusurwar dubawa kuma yana laushin bayyanar guntun LED.
• Ƙirar kusurwa ta dama tana ba da damar ɗora LED a gefen PCB, yana fitar da haske a layi daya da saman allon, wanda ya dace da nuna alamar gaban allon.

5.2 Gano Polarity

A matsayin LED mai launuka biyu a cikin tsari na cathode gama gari ko anode gama gari (dole ne a tabbatar da takamaiman tsari daga cikakken zanen pinout, wanda aka yi nuni da shi amma ba a cikakken bayani ba a cikin abin da aka cire), daidaitaccen polarity yana da mahimmanci. Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya sama da 5V na iya haifar da lalacewa nan take. Tushe mafi tsayi yawanci yana nuna anode ga LED mai launi ɗaya, amma ga nau'ikan launuka biyu, dole ne a duba alamar akan gida ko zanen takardar bayanin.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Yanayin Ajiya

LED na'urori ne masu hankali ga danshi (MSD).

• Jaka Mai Rufi:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% RH. Tsawon rayuwar shinge shine shekara guda a cikin ainihin jakar shinge na danshi (MBB) tare da abin bushewa.
• Jakar da aka Buɗe:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Ya kamata a sake karkatar da ɓangarorin IR cikin sa'o'i 168 (mako ɗaya) bayan buɗe jakar.
• Ƙarin Bayyanawa:Idan an fallasa >168 sa'o'i, ana buƙatar gasa a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin solder don hana fashewar gasa yayin sake karkatarwa.

6.2 Siffantar Tushe da Gudanarwa

• Lankwasa tushe a wani wuri aƙalla 3mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau na LED. Kada ku yi amfani da gindin ruwan tabarau a matsayin fulcrum.
• Dole ne a yi siffantar tushekafinsolder, a zafin daki.
• Yi amfani da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin manne yayin shigar da PCB don guje wa matsin injiniya akan ruwan tabarau na epoxy da haɗin waya.

6.3 Tsarin Solder

• Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin tsabta na 2mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau zuwa wurin solder.
• Kada ku tsoma ruwan tabarau cikin solder ko kwarara.
• Kada ku yi amfani da matsin lamba na waje ga tushe yayin ko bayan solder.
• Don tsaftacewa, yi amfani da kaushi na barasa kawai kamar isopropyl alcohol.

7. Marufi da Bayanin Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Marufi

Ana samar da na'urar a cikin marufi na tef da reeli don haɗawa ta atomatik.

• Tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya:Alloy polystyrene mai baƙi mai ɗaukar wutar lantarki, kauri 0.50mm.
• Ƙarfin Reeli:Guda 450 a kowace reeli inci 13.
• Marufin Akwati:
  • Reeli 1 + abin bushewa + katin danshi a cikin Jakar Shinge na Danshi (MBB) 1.
  • MBB 2 a cikin Akwati na Ciki 1 (guda 900 gabaɗaya).
  • Akwatuna na Ciki 10 a cikin Akwati na Waje 1 (guda 9,000 gabaɗaya).

8. Shawarwarin Ƙira na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Kewayawa na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Ya kamata a tuƙi kowane LED mai launi da shi kaɗai tare da resistor mai iyakance igiya. Saboda bambancin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Shudi ~3.2V, Rawa ~2.1V), ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da resistor guda ɗaya ga duka LED biyu a layi daya, saboda zai haifar da rashin daidaiton igiya mai tsanani. Dole ne a ƙididdige masu iyakance igiya daban-daban bisa ƙarfin wutar lantarki (Vcc), igiyar da ake so (IF, yawanci 10-20mA), da VF na LED. Tsari: R = (Vcc - VF) / IF.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙira

• Tuƙin Igiya:Koyaushe tuƙi LED tare da igiya mai tsayi ko tushen ƙarfin lantarki tare da resistor na jerin. Haɗin kai kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki zai haifar da igiya mara sarrafawa da gazawa.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Ko da yake rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko iska idan ana aiki a matsakaicin igiya ko a cikin manyan yanayin zafi don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa cikin iyakoki.
• Ƙirar Gani:Mai riƙe baƙin yana ba da bambanci mai kyau. Yi la'akari da kusurwar dubawa na digiri 40 yayin ƙirar bututun haske ko yankewar allon don tabbatar da ganuwa daga wuraren dubawa da ake nufi.
• Tasirin Rarrabuwa:Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton haske a cikin raka'a da yawa, ƙayyade ƙaƙƙarfan rukunin ƙarfi (misali, HJ ga duka launuka) kuma tabbatar da sayayya daga rukunin samarwa ɗaya idan zai yiwu.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da LED masu rami cikakke masu launi ɗaya ko madadin ɗora saman, wannan samfurin yana ba da fa'idodi na musamman:

• da LED Masu Launi Guda Biyu:Yana adana sararin PCB, yana rage adadin sassa, kuma yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa ta hanyar amfani da guda ɗaya don ayyukan nuni biyu.
• da LED Masu Launuka Biyu na SMD:Ƙirar rami cikakke ta kusurwa sau da yawa ta fi ƙarfi don haɗawa da hannu, gyara, da aikace-aikacen da ke ƙarƙashin girgiza ko matsin injiniya. Hakanan yana sauƙaƙa ɗora gaban allon ba tare da ƙarin bututun haske ba.
• da LED Masu Launuka Uku RGB:Yana ba da mafita mai sauƙi, sau da yawa mai ƙarancin tsada lokacin da kawai takamaiman launuka biyu (shudi da rawaya/amber) ake buƙata don nuna yanayi (misali, wutar lantarki/tsaye, aiki/tsaye, OK/gargadi).

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Bisa Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Shin Zan iya Tuƙi Duka LED Biyu Lokaci Guda Daga Fil ɗaya?

A'a, ba kai tsaye ba. LED shudi da rawaya suna da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba daban-daban. Haɗa su a layi daya zuwa tushen igiya guda ɗaya zai sa yawancin igiyar ta gudana ta cikin LED rawaya (ƙananan VF), yana iya yin tuƙi fiye da kima yayin barin LED shudi duhu ko kashewa. Dole ne a tuƙi su ta hanyar kewayawa daban-daban ko IC direba mai iya sarrafa igiya da kansa.

10.2 Menene Bambanci Tsakanin Kololuwar Tsawon Zango da Mahimmin Tsawon Zango?

Kololuwar Tsawon Zango (λP) ita ce tsawon zango a mafi girman matsayi a cikin lankwasa rarraba ƙarfin haske na LED. Mahimmin Tsawon Zango (λd) ƙima ce da aka ƙididdige daga taswirar launi ta CIE wacce ke wakiltar launin da ake gani a matsayin tsawon zango guda ɗaya. λd ya fi dacewa da aikace-aikacen nuna launi, yayin da λP ya fi dacewa da bincike na gani.

10.3 Me Ya Sa Akwai Kari na ±30% akan Garanti na Ƙarfin Hasken?

Wannan yana nuna bambance-bambancen da ke tattare da ilimin epitaxy na semiconductor da tsarin masana'antu. Ana amfani da tsarin rarrabuwa don rarraba LED zuwa ƙungiyoyi tare da ingantaccen aiki mai matsi. Kari ya shafi iyakokin rukunin da kansu, ma'ana rukunin da aka yiwa lakabin 180-310 mcd zai iya samun raka'a har zuwa 126 mcd (180 -30%) ko har zuwa 403 mcd (310 +30%) a iyakokin gwaji.

11. Misalan Amfani na Aiki

11.1 Alamar Yanayin Tashar Sauya Hanyoyin Sadarwa

A cikin mai sauya hanyoyin sadarwa na Ethernet, LED mai launuka biyu guda ɗaya a kowace tashar na iya nuna yanayi da yawa: Kashe (babu haɗin), Rawa Mai Ƙarfi (haɗin 10/100 Mbps), Shudi Mai Ƙarfi (haɗin 1 Gbps), Rawa Mai ƙyalƙyali (aikin bayanai a ƙananan gudu), Shudi Mai ƙyalƙyali (aikin bayanai a mafi girman gudu). Wannan yana haɗa abin da zai iya buƙatar LED biyu daban-daban zuwa ɗaya, yana adana sararin gaban allon.

11.2 Yanayin Rukunin Wutar Lantarki (PSU)

A kan sabo ko PSU na masana'antu, LED na iya nuna: Kashe (wutar lantarki AC ba ta nan), Rawa Mai Ƙarfi (AC yana nan, fitarwa DC kashe/tsaye), Shudi Mai ƙarfi (fitarwa DC yana kunne kuma cikin ƙa'ida). Babban bambancin mai riƙe baƙin yana tabbatar da bayyananniyar ganuwa a cikin yanayin da aka ɗora a kan rack.

12. Ƙa'idar Aiki

Diodes Masu Fitowa Hasken (LED) na'urori ne na haɗin gwiwar p-n na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin bandgap na kayan, electrons suna sake haɗuwa da ramuka a cikin yankin raguwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Launin hasken yana ƙaddara ta ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. Ana amfani da InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don fitar da shudi, kuma ana amfani da AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don fitar da rawaya/amber. Ruwan tabarau mai watsewa fari yana ɗauke da phosphors ko barbashi masu watsawa don faɗaɗa kusurwar dubawa da laushin fitar da haske. Guntun semiconductor guda biyu an saka su a cikin fakitin T-1 guda ɗaya tare da haɗin lantarki gama gari (cathode gama gari ko anode) don ƙanƙanta.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Kasar LED mai rami cikakke don masu nuni ya balaga, tare da canji sannu a hankali zuwa fakitin ɗora saman (SMD) kamar 0603, 0402, da nau'ikan duban gefe don ƙirar PCB mai yawan girma. Duk da haka, LED masu rami cikakke, musamman nau'ikan kusurwa, suna ci gaba da kasancewa masu dacewa sosai a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarfin injiniya mafi girma, sauƙin haɗawa da sabis na hannu, da takamaiman kusurwoyin ɗora gani ba tare da na'urorin gani na biyu ba. Trends na fasaha a cikin wannan ɓangaren yana mai da hankali kan inganta inganci (mafi girman mcd/mA), cimma ƙaƙƙarfan rarrabuwar launi da ƙarfi don daidaito, da haɓaka dogaro a ƙarƙashin mafi faɗin yankuna na zafi da danshi. Haɗa launuka/guntu da yawa a cikin fakitin guda ɗaya, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin wannan samfurin, ya kasance babbar hanyar haɓaka aiki a kowace yanki na yanki akan PCB.