LTL-14FGEAJ3HKP LED Mai Launuka Biyu (Kore/Jajaye) - Takardun Bayanai na Fasaha - Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTL-14FGEAJ3HKP LED ce mai launuka biyu, ana saka ta cikin rami, wadda aka ƙera don amfani a matsayin Mai Nuna Alama akan Allon Da'ira (CBI). Tana haɗa da mai riƙe na bakin robobi mai kusurwa madaidaiciya (housing) wanda ya dace da ɓangaren LED, yana ba da madaidaiciyar hanyar haɗawa mai ƙarfi da sauƙi don nuna matsayi akan allunan da'ira (PCBs). Na'urar tana da girman fitila T-1 wanda ya ƙunshi guntu LED kore (rawaya-kore, 570nm na yau da kullun) da jajaye (625nm na yau da kullun) a cikin ruwan tabarau guda ɗaya mai watsawa (white diffused lens), wanda ke ba da damar nuna alamun launuka biyu daga marufi guda ɗaya.

1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Musamman

Manyan fa'idodin wannan fitilar LED sun samo asali ne daga ƙirarta da gina jikinta:

• Sauƙin Haɗawa:Mai riƙe mai kusurwa madaidaiciya an ƙera shi musamman don ɗagawa da solder cikin sauƙi akan PCBs.
• Ƙarfafa Bambanci (Contrast):Kayan ginin baƙin fata yana ƙara ƙimar bambanci, yana sa LED ɗin da aka haskaka ya fi bayyana a kan bangon allo.
• Amincin Tsarin Ƙwaƙwalwa (Solid-State):A matsayin tushen LED, yana ba da dogon rayuwa, juriya ga girgiza, da saurin sauye-sauye idan aka kwatanta da fitilun wuta na gargajiya.
• Ingantaccen Amfani da Wutar Lantarki:Na'urar tana aiki tare da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki yayin da take ba da isasshen ƙarfin haske don dalilai na nuni.
• Yin Biyayya ga Muhalli:Samfurin ba shi da gubar kuma ya bi ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari).
• Aiki na Launuka Biyu:Haɗa guntun kore da jajaye a cikin marufi guda yana adana sararin allo kuma yana sauƙaƙa lissafin kaya idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda biyu masu launi ɗaya.

1.2 Aikace-aikace da Kasuwannin Da Ake Nufi

Wannan fitilar LED ta dace da kewayon kayan lantarki masu yawa waɗanda ke buƙatar nuna matsayi mai haske, amintacce. Manyan wuraren aikace-aikace sun haɗa da:

• Kayan Sadarwa:Fitilun matsayi don masu sauya hanyoyin sadarwa (network switches), masu karkatar da hanyoyin sadarwa (routers), na'urorin haɗa intanet (modems), da na'urorin sadarwa.
• Tsarin Kwamfuta:Nuni na wutar lantarki, aikin HDD, da alamun bincike akan sabar, kwamfutocin tebur, da na'urori masu haɗawa.
• Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani:Fitilun nuni akan kayan aikin gida, kayan sauti/ bidiyo, da na'urori na sarrafa gida.
• Sarrafa Masana'antu:Matsayin inji, gano kuskure, da alamun yanayin aiki akan allunan sarrafawa, PLCs, da kayan aikin aunawa.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Fahimtar ma'auni na lantarki da na gani yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira mai aminci da tabbatar da cewa LED tana aiki a cikin yankinta na aiki mai aminci (SOA).

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarfafawa

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin da wucewarsu na iya haifar da lalacewa mai ɗorewa ga na'urar. An ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin muhalli (TA) na 25°C.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (PD):Matsakaicin 50 mW don duka guntun kore da jajaye. Wucewa wannan na iya haifar da yawan zafi da raguwar tsawon rayuwa.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IFP):Matsakaicin 60 mA, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (duty cycle ≤ 1/10, faɗin bugun ≤ 0.1ms). Wannan ƙimar don ɗan gajeren ƙarfin halin yanzu ne, ba don ci gaba da aiki ba.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba na DC (IF):Matsakaicin halin yanzu mai ci gaba na 20 mA. Wannan shine daidaitaccen halin yanzu na aiki wanda aka ƙayyade mafi yawan halayen gani.
• Kewayon Zafin Jiki:Na'urar na iya aiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C kuma ana iya adana ta daga -40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Zafin Solder na Ƙafafu:Ƙafafun za su iya jure 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 5, muddin wurin solder ya kasance aƙalla 2.0mm (0.079") nesa da jikin LED/ruwan tabarau.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na yau da kullun na aiki da aka auna a TA=25°C da IF=10mA, sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Lura da babban juzu'in gwaji na ±30% da aka yi amfani da shi akan ƙarfin haske (Iv).

Don Guntun Kore (Rawayan-Kore):

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Ƙimar yau da kullun ita ce 15 mcd, tare da kewayon daga 8.7 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 29 mcd (Mafi girma).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 120. Wannan faɗin kusurwa yana tabbatar da kyakkyawar ganuwa daga wurare daban-daban na dubawa.
• Tsayin Zango Mai Ƙarfafawa (λP):574 nm.
• Tsayin Zango Mai Rinjaye (λd):570 nm na yau da kullun, yana kewayo daga 565 nm zuwa 574 nm.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan Haske (Δλ):20 nm, yana nuna tsaftar bakan hasken da aka fitar.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):2.5 V na yau da kullun.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 100 µA a VR=5V.Mahimmanci:Ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin baya ba; wannan ma'auni don dalilai na gwaji ne kawai.

Don Guntun Jajaye:

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Ƙimar yau da kullun ita ce 14 mcd, tare da kewayon daga 3.8 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 30 mcd (Mafi girma).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 120.
• Tsayin Zango Mai Ƙarfafawa (λP):632 nm.
• Tsayin Zango Mai Rinjaye (λd):625 nm na yau da kullun, yana kewayo daga 614 nm zuwa 632 nm.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan Haske (Δλ):20 nm.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):2.0 V na yau da kullun.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 100 µA a VR=5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa (Binning)

Don sarrafa bambance-bambancen halitta a cikin tsarin masana'antu, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa rukunoni (bins) na aiki. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatun ƙarfi da launi.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Haske (Luminous Intensity Binning)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a 10mA.

• Rukunonin Kore (Rawayan-Kore) (G1, G2, G3):Waɗannan rukunoni suna rarraba ƙarfi daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 8.7 mcd (G1 Min) har zuwa mafi girma na 29 mcd (G3 Max).
• Rukunonin Jajaye (R1, R2, R3, R4):Waɗannan rukunoni suna rarraba ƙarfi daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 3.8 mcd (R1 Min) har zuwa mafi girma na 30 mcd (R4 Max).
• Juzu'i:Ana amfani da juzu'i na ±30% akan iyakokin kowane rukuni, ma'ana ainihin ƙarfin ɓangaren da aka rarraba zai iya bambanta da wannan adadin daga iyakokin rukunin da aka bayyana.

3.2 Rarrabawar Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (Dominant Wavelength Binning)

Hakanan ana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga tsayin zangonsa mai rinjaye, wanda ke da alaƙa kai tsaye da launin da ake gani.

• Rukunonin Kore (Rawayan-Kore) (A1, A2, A3, A4):Waɗannan rukunoni sun rufe kewayon tsayin zango daga 565.0 nm (A1 Min) zuwa 574.0 nm (A4 Max). Manufar yau da kullun ita ce 570 nm.
• Rukunin Jajaye (B1):An haɗa guntun jajaye zuwa rukuni guda ɗaya mai faɗi wanda ya rufe 614.0 nm zuwa 632.0 nm, tare da manufar yau da kullun na 625 nm.
• Juzu'i:Ana amfani da juzu'i mai ƙarfi na ±1 nm akan iyakokin rukunin tsayin zango.

4. Bayanin Tsari da Kayan Marufi

4.1 Girman Tsari da Gina Jiki

Na'urar ta ƙunshi fitilar LED T-1 (kusan diamita na ruwan tabarau 3mm) da aka saka a cikin mai riƙe na bakin robobi mai kusurwa madaidaiciya. Mai riƙe yana ba da kwanciyar hankali na injina kuma yana sauƙaƙa ɗagawa akan PCB. Muhimman bayanan girma sun haɗa da:

• Duk girmansu suna cikin milimita (tare da daidaitattun inci).
• Daidaitaccen juzu'i shine ±0.25mm (±0.010") sai dai idan an ƙayyade akasin haka akan zanen da aka auna girma (ba a bayar da shi a cikin rubutu amma ana magana da shi).
• Kayan ginin baƙin robobi ne.
• Ruwan tabarau fari ne kuma mai watsawa, wanda ke taimakawa haɗa hasken daga guntu biyu na ciki kuma yana ba da kamanni iri ɗaya lokacin da kowane launi ya haskaka.

4.2 Gano Ƙarshen Lantarki (Polarity) da Siffantar Ƙafafu

Duk da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani a cikin rubutu ba, LED ɗin da ake saka ta cikin rami yawanci suna da mafi tsayin ƙafar anode (+) da kuma wuri mai lebur a gefen ruwan tabarau kusa da ƙafar cathode (-) don gano ƙarshen lantarki. Takardun bayanai suna ba da mahimman jagorori don siffantar ƙafafu:

• Dole ne a yi lanƙwasa a wani wuri aƙalla 3mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau na LED.
• Babu wani lokaci da za a yi amfani da gindin firam ɗin ƙafafu a matsayin madaidaiciya yayin lanƙwasa.
• Dole ne a yi siffantar ƙafafukafinsolder kuma a yanayin daki.
• Yayin shigar da PCB, yi amfani da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin manne da ake buƙata don guje wa sanya matsin lamba mai yawa na injina akan jikin LED.

5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci don hana lalacewa yayin tsarin haɗawa.

5.1 Yanayin Solder da Ake Ba da Shawara

Hanyar Ƙarfe Solder:

• Zazzabi:Matsakaicin 350°C.
• Lokaci:Matsakaicin dakika 3 a kowane haɗin solder.
• Matsayi:Wurin solder dole ne ya zama ba kusa da 2mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau epoxy/mai riƙe ba.

Hanyar Solder Wave:

• Zafin Rigakafin Zafi (Pre-heat):Matsakaicin 160°C.
• Lokacin Rigakafin Zafi (Pre-heat):Matsakaicin dakika 120.
• Zafin Wave Solder:Matsakaicin 265°C.
• Lokacin Solder:Matsakaicin dakika 10.
• Matsayin Tsoma:Solder ɗin bai kamata ya zo kusa da 2mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau epoxy/mai riƙe ba.

Muhimmin Bayanin Kula:An bayyana sarrafa solder na Infrared (IR) reflow a sarari a matsayinbai dace bada wannan nau'in LED na saka rami. Yawan zafi ko lokaci na iya lalata ruwan tabarau ko haifar da gazawar gaba ɗaya.

5.2 Ajiya da Tsaftacewa

• Ajiya:Don ajiyar dogon lokaci a waje da marufin asali (fiye da watanni 3), a adana a cikin akwati mai rufewa tare da abin bushewa ko a cikin nitrogen-desiccator. Yanayin muhalli bai kamata ya wuce 30°C ko 70% danshin muhalli ba.
• Tsaftacewa:Idan ya cancanta, a tsaftace kawai da abubuwan kaushi na barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol.

6. Ɗaukar Kulawa na Zane da Kunnawa

6.1 Zanen Da'irar Kunnawa

LED ɗin na'urori ne masu kunnawa ta hanyar halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske da tsawon rayuwa, dole ne a yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da kowane LED.

• Da'irar da Ake Ba da Shawara (Da'ira A):Resistor na jere ga kowane LED ɗin da ke da kansa. Wannan ita ce hanyar da aka fi so saboda tana rama bambancin halitta a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) na kowane LED, yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen halin yanzu don haka daidaitaccen haske lokacin da aka yi amfani da LED ɗin da yawa a layi daya.
• Da'irar da Ba a Ba da Shawara (Da'ira B):Haɗa LED ɗin da yawa a layi daya tare da resistor guda ɗaya mai raba halin yanzu. Ana hana wannan saboda ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin halayen I-V na kowane LED zai sa halin yanzu ya raba ba daidai ba, wanda zai haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin haske tsakanin LED ɗin.

Ƙimar resistor na jere (R) ana iya ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F, inda V_Fshine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na yau da kullun na LED (2.5V don kore, 2.0V don jajaye) kuma I_Fshine halin yanzu na gaba da ake so (misali, 10mA ko 20mA matsakaici).

6.2 Kariya daga Zubar da Lantarki (ESD)

LED ɗin suna da hankali ga zubar da lantarki. Don hana lalacewar ESD yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa:

• Ma'aikata yakamata su sanya igiyoyin wuyan hannu masu kai lantarki ko safofin hannu masu hana lantarki.
• Duk kayan aiki, teburin aiki, da rumbunan ajiya dole ne a kafa su da kyau.
• Yi amfani da busar ion don kawar da cajin lantarki da zai iya taruwa akan saman aiki ko na'urorin da kansu.

7. Lissafin Aiki da Binciken Zafi

Takardun bayanai suna nuni zuwa lissafin halaye na yau da kullun waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Duk da yake ba a haɗa takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutu ba, yawanci suna rufe:

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yawanci a cikin alaƙa kusa da layi daya har zuwa matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka ƙayyade.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Yanayin Zafin Muhalli:Yana nuna raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zafin haɗuwa (junction temperature) ya ƙaru. LED ɗin suna zama ƙasa da inganci a manyan yanayin zafi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Lissafin I-V, yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni. An ƙayyade VF na yau da kullun a wani halin yanzu da aka bayar (misali, 10mA).
• Rarraba Bakan Haske:Zanen da ke nuna ƙarfin hasken da aka fitar a tsawon zango daban-daban, yana kololuwa a λP (574nm don kore, 632nm don jajaye) tare da rabin faɗi na Δλ (20nm).

Masu zane yakamata su yi la'akari da sarrafa zafi a aikace-aikacensu. Duk da yake na'urar da kanta ba ta da heatsink, tabbatar da cewa ba a sanya ta kusa da wasu sassa masu samar da zafi ba da kuma ba da damar iskar halitta zai taimaka wajen kiyaye aiki da tsawon rayuwa ta hanyar kiyaye zafin haɗuwa ƙasa.

8. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

Ana ba da samfurin a cikin marufi wanda ya dace da haɗawa ta atomatik, yawanci akan teep da reel ko a cikin fakitin ammo, kamar yadda sashin "Ƙayyadaddun Marufi" ya nuna. Takamaiman adadin marufi (misali, guda a kowane reel) da girmen reel za a ayyana su a cikin takamaiman zanen ƙayyadaddun marufi. Lambar sashi LTL-14FGEAJ3HKP tana gano wannan bambance-bambancen LED mai launuka biyu na musamman tare da halayen rarrabawa da mai riƙe da ke da alaƙa da shi.