Bayanin Fasaha na Fitilar LED Mai Launuka Biyu LTL1DETGSN4J - Kunshin T-1 - Ƙarfin Lantarki 2.0-3.6V - Ƙarfin Wuta 72-120mW - Kore/Rawa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTL1DETGSN4J fitilar LED ce mai launuka biyu, ta hanyar rami, wacce aka tsara don amfani azaman Alamar Allon Kewayawa (CBI). Tana da mai riƙe na kusurwa dama na filastik baƙar fata (gida) wanda ke haɗuwa da LED, yana haɓaka ma'aunin bambanci don ingantaccen gani. Na'urar wani ɓangare ne na dangin alamomin da ake samu a cikin nau'i-nau'i daban-daban, gami da hangen sama da kusurwa dama, waɗanda ake iya tara su don sauƙin haɗawa cikin jeri.

1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali

• Sauƙin Haɗawa:An tsara shi musamman don sauƙin haɗawa da haɗawa da allon kewayawa.
• Ingantaccen Gani:Gidan baƙar fata yana ba da tushe mai bambanci sosai, yana inganta haske da karantaccen alamar.
• Ingantaccen Amfani da Wuta:Yana da ƙarancin amfani da wuta tare da ingantaccen haske.
• Yin Biyayya ga Muhalli:Wannan samfurin ne marar gubar kuma yana bin umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari).
• Zane na Gani:Yana amfani da fitila mai girman T-1 tare da ruwan tabarau mai watsewa fari. Launukan da ake fitarwa ana samun su ta hanyar InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don kore da AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don rawaya.

1.2 Aikace-aikace da Kasuwannin Da Ake Nufi

Wannan fitilar LED ta dace da kayan lantarki da alamomi iri-iri. Manyan sassan aikace-aikacen su ne:

• Na'urorin kwamfuta da alamomin matsayi
• Kayan aikin sadarwa
• Kayan lantarki na masu amfani
• Allunan sarrafa masana'antu da injina

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Rushewar Wuta (P_D):120 mW (Rawa), 72 mW (Kore). Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar da LED zata iya watsawa azaman zafi a yanayin yanayi (T_A) na 25°C.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba (I_FP):100 mA (Rawa), 60 mA (Kore). Ana iya amfani da wannan halin yanzu kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (duty cycle ≤ 1/10, faɗin bugun jini ≤ 10µs) don guje wa yawan zafi.
• Halin Gaba na DC (I_F):50 mA (Rawa), 20 mA (Kore). Wannan shine matsakaicin ci gaba da halin yanzu na gaba da aka ba da shawarar don aiki mai dogaro.
• Yankunan Zafin Jiki:Aiki: -30°C zuwa +85°C; Ajiya: -40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Zafin Solder na Jagora:Matsakaicin 260°C na tsawon dakika 5, ana auna 2.0mm (0.079\") daga jikin LED.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na yau da kullun da aka auna a T_A=25°C da I_F=20mA, sai dai in an faɗi.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_v):Ma'auni mai mahimmanci na haske.
  • Rawa: 1900-4200 mcd (millicandela), Na yau da kullun 4200 mcd.
  • Kore: 3200-5500 mcd, Na yau da kullun 5500 mcd.
  • Lura:Ƙimar ƙarfin da aka garantance ta haɗa da juzu'in gwaji na ±30%.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Kimanin digiri 40 ga duka launuka biyu. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar axial ta kololuwa.
• Ƙayyadaddun Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon:
  • Kololuwar Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P):Rawa: 591 nm; Kore: 519 nm.
  • Mafi Rinjaye Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):Tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya wanda ke ayyana launin da ake gani. Rawa: 586-594 nm; Kore: 515-530 nm.
  • Rabin Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):Rawa: 16 nm; Kore: 35 nm. Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan; ƙaramin ƙima yana nufin launi mafi monochromatic.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Ragewar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED a lokacin gwajin halin yanzu.
  • Rawa: 1.6-2.5 V, Na yau da kullun 2.0 V.
  • Kore: 2.6-3.6 V, Na yau da kullun 3.2 V.
• Halin Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 µA a V_R=5V.Mahimmanci:Ba a tsara wannan na'urar don aiki a ƙarƙashin bambance-bambancen baya ba; wannan yanayin gwaji ne don siffanta kawai.

3. Ƙayyadaddun Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Ana rarraba samfurin zuwa kwandon bisa ƙarfin haske don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin aikace-aikace. Juzu'in kowane iyakar kwandon shine ±15%.

3.1 Rarrabuwar LED Kore

• Lambar Kwandon U:Yankin Ƙarfin Hasken 3200 - 4200 mcd @ 20mA.
• Lambar Kwandon V:Yankin Ƙarfin Hasken 4200 - 5500 mcd @ 20mA.

3.2 Rarrabuwar LED Rawa

• Lambar Kwandon S:Yankin Ƙarfin Hasken 1900 - 2500 mcd @ 20mA.
• Lambar Kwandon T:Yankin Ƙarfin Hasken 2500 - 3200 mcd @ 20mA.
• Lambar Kwandon U:Yankin Ƙarfin Hasken 3200 - 4200 mcd @ 20mA.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Ayyuka

Bayanin bayanin yana nuni zuwa lanƙwasa halaye na yau da kullun waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙira. Duk da yake ba a sake yin takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutu ba, ana nazarin abubuwan da suka shafi su a ƙasa.

4.1 Halin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Lanƙwasa I-V tana da ma'auni. Ga LED kore (mafi girma V_F), za a matsar da lanƙwasa zuwa dama idan aka kwatanta da LED rawaya. Wannan bambancin yana buƙatar amfani da na'urori masu iyakance halin yanzu na kowane lokaci lokacin tuƙi LED da yawa a layi daya don hana LED tare da mafi ƙarancin V_F.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Halin Gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa gabaɗaya layi ne a cikin yankin halin yanzu na aiki da aka ba da shawarar. Ƙara halin yanzu yana ƙara haske, amma kuma yana watsa wuta da zafin haɗin gwiwa, wanda zai iya shafar tsawon rayuwa da tsawon tsawon.

4.3 Halayen Zafin Jiki

Ayyukan LED ya dogara da zafin jiki. Yawanci, ƙarfin haske yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba kuma yana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau (yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin jiki). Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da sarrafa zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a yanayin yanayi mai zafi ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Bayani

Na'urar tana amfani da daidaitaccen diamita na fitila T-1 (3mm) wanda aka sanya a cikin mai riƙe na kusurwa dama baƙar fata. Muhimman bayanan girma sun haɗa da:

• Duk girma suna cikin millimeters (inch an ba da su a cikin baka).
• Daidaituwar daidaitaccen shine ±0.25mm (.010\") sai dai in an faɗi.
• Matsakaicin tsinkaya na guduro a ƙarƙashin flange shine 1.0mm (.04\").
• Ana auna tazarar jagora a wurin da jagororin suka fito daga jikin kunshin.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Ga LED ta hanyar rami, ana gano cathode ta hanyar wuri mai lebur akan ruwan tabarau, gajeriyar jagora, ko wasu alamomi akan mai riƙe. Ya kamata a duba zanen bayanin bayanin don takamaiman alamar polarity na wannan samfurin.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Siffantar Jagora

• Dole ne a yi lanƙwasa a wani wuri aƙalla 3mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau na LED.
• Kada a yi amfani da gindin firam ɗin jagora azaman fulcrum.
• Dole ne a yi siffantar jagorakafinsolder kuma a daidaitaccen zafin ɗaki.

6.2 Tsarin Solder

Dole ne a kiyaye mafi ƙarancin tsabta na 2mm tsakanin gindin ruwan tabarau/mai riƙe da wurin solder.

• Ƙarfe na Solder:Matsakaicin zafin jiki 350°C, matsakaicin lokaci dakika 3 kowace jagora (sau ɗaya kawai).
• Solder Wave:
  • Pre-heat: Matsakaicin 120°C har zuwa dakika 100.
  • Solder Wave: Matsakaicin 260°C har zuwa dakika 5.
  • Kada a tsoma LED ƙasa da 2mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau/mai riƙe cikin igiyar solder.
• Gargadi Mai Muhimmanci:Yawan zafin jiki ko lokaci na iya lalata ruwan tabarau ko haifar da gazawar bala'i. IR reflow solderingbaya dace da wannan nau'in samfurin ta hanyar rami.

6.3 Ajiya da Gudanarwa

• Ajiya:Yanayin da aka ba da shawarar shine ≤ 30°C da ≤ 70% zafi na dangi. LED da aka cire daga ainihin kunshin ya kamata a yi amfani da su cikin watanni uku. Don ajiya mai tsawo, yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant ko yanayin nitrogen.
• Tsaftacewa:Yi amfani da kaushi na barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol idan ya cancanta.
• Kariya ta ESD:LED suna da hankali ga fitar da wutar lantarki. Yi amfani da bel ɗin wuyan hannu, wuraren aiki, da ionizers. Yi amfani da kulawa don guje wa tarin tsaye.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin

Daidaitaccen kwararar kunshin kamar haka:

1. Jakar Kunshin:Ya ƙunshi guda 500, 200, ko 100.
2. Carton na Ciki:Ya ƙunshi jakunkunan kunshin 10, jimlar guda 5,000.
3. Carton na Waje:Ya ƙunshi cartons na ciki 8, jimlar guda 40,000.

Lura: A cikin kayan jigilar kaya, ƙarshen kunshin kawai zai iya zama kunshin da bai cika ba.

8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

8.1 Ƙirar Kewayawa

LED na'urori ne masu tuƙi na halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske, musamman lokacin haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya, dole ne a sanya resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a cikin jerin tare dakowaneLED (Samfurin Kewayawa A). Guje wa haɗa LED kai tsaye a layi daya ba tare da na'urori na kowane ɗaya ba (Samfurin Kewayawa B), saboda ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) zai haifar da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin rabon halin yanzu don haka haske.

Kewayawar da aka Ba da Shawara (A):[Vcc] -- [Resistor] -- [LED] -- [GND] (kowane reshen LED).
Kewayawar da Ba a Ba da Shawara (B):[Vcc] -- [Resistor] -- [LED1 // LED2 // ...] -- [GND].

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Duk da yake watsawar wuta tana da ƙasa, yin aiki a yanayin yanayi mai zafi (har zuwa 85°C) ko a matsakaicin halin yanzu zai ƙara zafin haɗin gwiwa. Wannan yana rage fitowar haske kuma yana iya canza tsawon tsawon da ya fi rinjaye. Don aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci game da launi ko kwanciyar hankali na haske, ya kamata a yi la'akari da rage halin yanzu na aiki ko inganta iskar iska a matakin allon.

8.3 Haɗin Gani

Gidan baƙar fata yana ba da bambanci na asali. Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 40 yana ba da ma'auni mai kyau tsakanin katako mai mai da hankali da faɗin gani. Ruwan tabarau mai watsewa fari yana taimakawa wajen daidaita fitowar haske, yana rage wurare masu zafi da samar da bayyanar da ya fi daidaito.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Ma'auni na Fasaha)

9.1 Zan iya tuƙi LED kore da rawaya a halin yanzu ɗaya?

Ee, gwaji da yanayin aiki na yau da kullun ga duka launuka shine I_F= 20mA. Duk da haka, dole ne ku yi la'akari da bambance-bambancen ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) lokacin ƙirar ƙimar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ga kowane launi. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor kamar R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F.

9.2 Menene bambanci tsakanin Kololuwar Tsawon Tsawon da Tsawon Tsawon da ya fi Rinjaye?

Kololuwar Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P):Tsawon tsawon da rarraba ikon bakan (\"lanƙwasa fitowar haske\") ya fi girma. Auna ne na zahiri.
Mafi Rinjaye Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):An samo shi daga ma'auni na launi akan zanen launi na CIE, yana wakiltar tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya na launin bakan tsafta wanda ya dace da launin da ake gani na LED. Ya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.

9.3 Me ya sa matsakaicin watsawar wuta ya bambanta ga rawaya da kore?

Bambancin ya samo asali ne daga kayan semiconductor daban-daban (AlInGaP don rawaya, InGaN don kore) da ingancinsu na ciki da halayen zafi. Ƙarancin ƙimar wuta ga LED kore yana nuna buƙatar ƙarin kulawa da zafi a manyan halayen tuƙi.

10. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira mai Amfani

Yanayi:Ƙirar allon matsayi tare da alamomi 5 kore da 3 rawaya, wanda aka kunna daga layin dogo na 5V. Manufa: Cimma haske na yau da kullun a 20mA kowace LED.

1. Na'urori masu Iyakance Halin Yanzu:
   • Don Kore (Na yau da kullun V_F= 3.2V): R_kore= (5V - 3.2V) / 0.020A = 90 Ω. Yi amfani da daidaitaccen 91 Ω, 1/8W ko 1/4W resistor.
   • Don Rawa (Na yau da kullun V_F= 2.0V): R_rawaya= (5V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 150 Ω. Yi amfani da daidaitaccen resistor 150 Ω.
2. Shimfidawa:Sanya na'urori kusa da fil ɗin anode na LED. Tabbatar cewa an kiyaye tsabtar solder na 2mm daga mai riƙe na LED akan shimfidar PCB.
3. Ƙididdigar Wuta:
   • Jimlar halin yanzu: (5 * 20mA) + (3 * 20mA) = 160mA.
   • Tabbatar cewa wadataccen wutar lantarki na 5V zai iya isar da wannan halin yanzu tare da gefe.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes Masu Fitowa Hasken (LED) na'urori ne na semiconductor p-n junction. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons daga yankin n da ramuka daga yankin p ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, ana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Launi (tsawon tsawon) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar tazarar band na makamashi na kayan semiconductor: AlInGaP don launuka rawaya/ja/lemu da InGaN don launuka kore/shudi/fari. Ruwan tabarau mai watsewa fari yana ƙunshe da phosphors ko barbashi masu watsawa don laushi da watsa fitowar haske.

12. Trends na Fasaha

LED ta hanyar rami kamar kunshin T-1 sun kasance masu dacewa a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ingantaccen hawa na injiniya, babban dogaro a cikin yanayi mai tsauri, ko haɗawa da hannu/prototyping. Duk da haka, yanayin masana'antu yana ci gaba da karkata zuwa kunshin na'urar da aka haɗa ta saman (SMD) don haɗawa ta atomatik, mafi girma yawa, da ingantaccen aikin zafi. Ci gaba a cikin kayan kamar InGaN ya inganta inganci da haske na LED kore a hankali, yana rufe tazarar aikin tarihi tare da wasu launuka. Ci gaba na gaba na iya mayar da hankali kan haɓaka inganci (lumens kowace watt) da daidaiton launi a cikin yankuna masu zafi.