T-1 3mm LED Kore Mai Haske 680-1900mcd - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 2.7-3.8V - Ƙarfin Wuta 108mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun wani diode mai fitar da haske (LED) kore mai inganci a cikin daidaitaccen marufin T-1 (3mm) na cikin rami. An ƙera na'urar don aikace-aikacen nuni da haske na gabaɗaya inda ake buƙatar haske mai ƙarfi, ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, da ingantaccen aiki. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da bin ka'idojin RoHS, ingantaccen ƙarfin haske, da dacewa da kewayon lantarki masu ƙarancin amper, wanda ya sa ya dace da kayan lantarki na masu amfani, sarrafa masana'antu, da alamomin panel.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Ana ayyana iyakokin aiki na na'urar a yanayin zafin muhalli (T_A) na 25°C. Matsakaicin ci gaba na halin yanzu na gaba shine 30 mA, tare da matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na 100 mA wanda aka yarda a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1ms faɗin bugun jini). Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wuta shine 108 mW. Kewayon zafin aiki daga -30°C zuwa +80°C, kuma kewayon zafin ajiya daga -40°C zuwa +100°C. Don yin gyaɗa, igiyoyin za su iya jure 260°C har zuwa matsakaicin dakika 5 idan aka auna 1.6mm daga jikin LED.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Ana auna mahimman ma'auni na aiki a T_A=25°C da halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 20 mA. Ƙarfin haske (I_V) ya bambanta daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 680 mcd zuwa na yau da kullun 1900 mcd. Kusurwar kallo (2θ_1/2) yawanci digiri 40 ne. Na'urar tana fitar da hasken kore tare da tsayin tsayin tsayin tsakiya (λ_P) na 523 nm da tsayin tsayin tsakiya (λ_d) daga 520 nm zuwa 538 nm. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F) yana tsakanin 2.7V zuwa 3.8V, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 3.3V. Halin yanzu na baya (I_R) shine matsakaicin 10 μA a ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (V_R) na 5V. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba a ƙera na'urar don aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙarancin baya ba; yanayin V_Rdon gwajin I_Rkawai ne.

3. Ƙayyadaddun Tsarin Rarraba

Ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa kwandon ayyuka bisa ƙarfin haske da tsayin tsayin tsakiya don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a aikace-aikace.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Haske

Raka'a suna cikin millicandelas (mcd) a 20 mA. An ayyana manyan kwandon ayyuka guda biyu: Kwandon NP (680 mcd zuwa 1150 mcd) da Kwandon QR (1150 mcd zuwa 1900 mcd). Ana amfani da juzu'i na ±15% ga kowane iyakar kwandon aiki.

3.2 Rarraba Tsayin Tsayin Tsakiya

Raka'a suna cikin nanometers (nm) a 20 mA. An ayyana kwandon ayyuka biyar: G10 (520.0-523.0 nm), G11 (523.0-527.0 nm), G12 (527.0-531.0 nm), G13 (531.0-535.0 nm), da G14 (535.0-538.0 nm). Ana amfani da juzu'i na ±1 nm ga kowane iyakar kwandon aiki.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Duk da yake ba a ba da takamaiman bayanan hoto a cikin rubutun da aka cire ba, yawanci lanƙwasa aiki na irin waɗannan LED ɗin za su haɗa da alaƙa tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F), yana nuna halayen diode na ma'auni. Wani muhimmin lanƙwasa zai zana ƙarfin haske (I_V) akan halin yanzu na gaba (I_F), yana nuna alaƙar kusa da layi a cikin kewayon aiki. Tasirin zafin muhalli akan ƙarfin haske shima yana da mahimmanci, yawanci yana nuna raguwar fitarwa yayin da zafin yake ƙaruwa. Lanƙwasa rarraba bakan zai tsaya a kusa da kololuwar 523 nm tare da faɗin rabin (Δλ) na 35 nm, yana ayyana tsaftar launin kore.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

Na'urar tana amfani da shahararren marufin T-1 (diamita 3mm) na cikin rami tare da ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa fari. Muhimman bayanan girma sun haɗa da: duk girma suna cikin millimeters, tare da juzu'i na gabaɗaya na ±0.25mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade. Matsakaicin fitowar guduro a ƙarƙashin flange shine 1.0mm. Ana auna tazarar jagora a wurin da jagororin suka fito daga jikin marufi. Ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa yana taimakawa wajen samun faɗin kusurwar kallo da daidaito idan aka kwatanta da ruwan tabarau masu tsabta.

6. Jagororin Gyaɗa da Haɗawa

6.1 Siffantar Jagora da Sarrafawa

Dole ne a yi siffantar jagora a daidaitaccen zafin ɗaki kumakafintsarin gyaɗa. Dole ne a yi lanƙwasa aƙalla 1.6mm nesa da gindin ruwan tabarau na LED. Ba za a yi amfani da gindin firam ɗin jagora a matsayin madaidaici ba yayin lanƙwasa don guje wa motsawa zuwa cikin gida da haɗin waya. Yayin haɗin PCB, yakamata a yi amfani da ƙaramin ƙarfi.

6.2 Tsarin Gyaɗa

Dole ne a kiyaye mafi ƙarancin tsabta na 1.6mm tsakanin gindin ruwan tabarau da wurin gyaɗa. Dole ne a guji tsoma ruwan tabarau cikin gyaɗa don hana hawan epoxy, wanda zai iya haifar da matsalolin gyaɗa. Hakanan an haramta gyara matsayin LED bayan gyaɗa. Ana ba da shawarar yanayi:

• Ƙarfe mai Gyaɗa:Zafin jiki 400°C matsakaici, lokaci 3 seconds matsakaici (sau ɗaya kawai).
• Gyaɗa Mai Kaɗawa:Dumama kafin 120°C matsakaici na 60 sec matsakaici, kaɗawar gyaɗa a 260°C matsakaici na 5 sec matsakaici.

6.3 Ajiya da Tsaftacewa

Don ajiya a waje da ainihin marufi, ana ba da shawarar amfani da shi cikin watanni uku. Don ajiya mai tsayi, yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da busassun abu ko yanayin nitrogen. Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole, yi amfani da kaushi na barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

Daidaitaccen tsarin marufi shine: 1,000 guda a kowace jakar ajiye tashin hankali. Ana shirya jakunkuna goma a cikin akwatin ciki, jimlar 10,000 guda a kowace akwatin ciki. Ana shirya akwatuna takwas na ciki a cikin akwatin jigilar waje, wanda ya haifar da jimlar 80,000 guda a kowace akwatin waje. Ana yiwa alamar lambar rarraba ƙarfin haske a kowace jakar ajiya don bin sawu.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED an yi niyya ne don kayan aikin lantarki na yau da kullun ciki har da na'urori na sarrafa ofis, kayan aikin sadarwa, da kayan amfani na gida. Ƙarfinsa mai ƙarfi ya sa ya dace da alamomin yanayi, hasken baya na panel da maɓalli, da hasken ado inda ake buƙatar sigina kore.

8.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Tsarin Kewayawa

LEDs na'urori ne masu aiki da halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske lokacin tuka LED da yawa a layi daya, ana ba da shawarar sosai don amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da kowane LED (Tsarin Kewayawa A). Tukan LED da yawa a layi daya ba tare da resistors ɗin kowane ɗaya ba (Tsarin Kewayawa B) na iya haifar da bambance-bambancen haske saboda bambance-bambance a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F) na kowane na'ura. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor na jere ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_Wadata- V_F) / I_F, inda I_Fshine halin yanzu da ake so (misali, 20mA).

8.3 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Aikace-aikace Masu Muhimmanci

Yi shawara tare da mai ba da kafafun kafin amfani da wannan LED a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar amintacciyar aminci, musamman inda gazawar za ta iya haifar da rayuwa ko lafiya (misali, jiragen sama, tsarin likita, na'urorin tsaro).

9. Zubar da Tashin Hankali na Lantarki (ESD) da Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Sarrafawa

LEDs suna da hankali ga zubar da tashin hankali na lantarki da hawan wutar lantarki. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da abin wuya ko safar hannu na hana tashin hankali lokacin sarrafawa. Duk kayan aiki, ciki har da ƙarfe masu gyaɗa da teburin aiki, dole ne a kafa su da kyau. Guji amfani da kowane matsi na injiniya ga jagororin, musamman lokacin da na'urar ta yi zafi yayin gyaɗa.

10. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban bambance-bambancen wannan na'urar a cikin ajinsa ya haɗa da kewayon ƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi (har zuwa 1900 mcd) daga daidaitaccen marufin T-1, yana ba da haske mai mahimmanci a cikin siffar gama gari. Amfani da fasahar InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) yana ba da fitar da kore mai inganci. Ƙayyadaddun tsarin rarraba don duka ƙarfi da tsayin tsayin tsakiya yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton launi da haske, yana rage buƙatar daidaitawa bayan samarwa.

11. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

11.1 Shin zan iya tuka wannan LED ba tare da resistor na jere ba?

A'a. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki da LED kai tsaye daga tushen wutar lantarki saboda na'urar ce mai tuka halin yanzu. Ƙananan bambancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na iya haifar da babban canji a cikin halin yanzu, mai yuwuwar wuce matsakaicin ƙima da lalata LED. Resistor na jere yana da mahimmanci don aiki mai tsayi da aminci.

11.2 Me yasa akwai kewayon ƙarfin haske (680-1900 mcd)?

Kewayon yana wakiltar tsarin rarraba. Saboda bambance-bambancen tsarin samarwa, ana rarraba LED bayan samarwa bisa ga aikin da aka auna. Takardun bayanan ya ƙayyade iyakoki mafi ƙanƙanta da matsakaici don kwandon ayyuka masu samuwa (NP da QR). Masu ƙira yakamata su yi la'akari da juzu'i na ±15% a cikin kwandon aiki lokacin ƙira don takamaiman matakin haske.

11.3 Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayin tsakiya da tsayin tsayin tsakiya?

Tsayin tsayin tsakiya (λ_P) shine tsayin tsayin tsakiya wanda rarraba ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma (523 nm ga wannan LED). Tsayin tsayin tsakiya (λ_d) an samo shi ne daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsayin tsayin tsakiya guda ɗaya na hasken monocromatic wanda, lokacin da aka haɗa shi da takamaiman tunani fari, ya dace da launin LED. Shi ne launin fahimta. Kewayon tsayin tsayin tsakiya shine 520-538 nm.

12. Nazarin Yanayin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi:Ƙirƙirar panel na yanayi mai nuni da yawa don kayan aikin masana'antu da ke buƙatar LED kore 10 masu haske iri ɗaya.Matakan Ƙira:1. Zaɓi LED daga kwandon aiki iri ɗaya na ƙarfin haske (misali, QR) da ƙunƙuntaccen kwandon aiki na tsayin tsayin tsakiya (misali, G11) don daidaito. 2. Mai ba da wutar lantarki shine 5V DC. 3. Amfani da V na yau da kullun_Fna 3.3V da manufa I_Fna 20 mA, lissafin resistor na jere: R = (5V - 3.3V) / 0.02A = 85 Ohms. Ana iya amfani da daidaitaccen resistor 82 Ohm ko 100 Ohm, yana ɗan daidaita halin yanzu. 4. Aiwatar da Tsarin Kewayawa A, ta amfani da resistor ɗaya ga kowane LED. 5. Yayin shimfidar PCB, tabbatar da shawarar 1.6mm tsabta tsakanin jikin LED da kushin gyaɗa. 6. Bi bayanin gyaɗa mai kaɗawa daidai. Wannan hanya tana tabbatar da aiki mai aminci da kamanni iri ɗaya.

13. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Diode Mai Fitowa Haske (LED) diode ne na semiconductor p-n junction. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, ana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Launi (tsayin tsayin tsakiya) na hasken da aka fitar ana ƙaddara shi ta hanyar tazarar band na kayan semiconductor. Wannan takamaiman LED yana amfani da haɗin gwiwar semiconductor na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride), wanda aka ƙera shi don samun tazarar band daidai da fitar da hasken kore.

14. Trends na Fasaha

Masana'antar LED na ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin inganci (lumens kowace watt), yana ba da damar samun haske mafi girma a ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki. Akwai wani yanayi zuwa ƙunƙuntaccen juzu'i na rarraba don duka launi da kwarara don biyan buƙatun aikace-aikace kamar nunin cikakken launi da hasken gine-gine inda daidaito ya fi mahimmanci. Duk da yake marufa na cikin rami kamar T-1 sun kasance sananne don ƙirƙira, amfani mai son, da wasu aikace-aikacen masana'antu, marufa na na'urar haɗawa da saman (SMD) sun mamaye samarwa mai yawa saboda ƙananan girmansu da dacewa don haɗawa ta atomatik. Fasahar InGaN na tushe don LED kore da shuɗi ta balaga amma tana ci gaba da ganin haɓaka a cikin inganci da aminci.