LTL30EKFGJ Through-Hole LED Datasheet - T-1 3/4 Package - 2.4V - 30mA - Amber/Yellow-Green - Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

This document details the specifications of the LTL30EKFGJ, a through-hole LED lamp designed for status indication and general illumination in a wide range of electronic applications. The device offers two distinct colors: amber and yellow-green, providing design flexibility for visual feedback systems. The LED employs the popular T-1 3/4 (approximately 5mm) diameter package with a diffused white lens, ensuring a wide viewing angle and uniform light distribution.

The core advantages of this product include low power consumption and high luminous efficacy, making it suitable for battery-powered or energy-efficiency-focused designs. It is manufactured using lead-free materials and fully complies with the RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) directive, meeting modern environmental and regulatory standards. The through-hole design facilitates easy manual or automated assembly onto printed circuit boards (PCBs).

The target market encompasses a broad range of electronic industries, including communication equipment, computer peripherals, consumer electronics, and household appliances. Its primary function is to provide clear and reliable visual indication for power, activity status, or system status.

2. Detailed Technical Parameters

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Operating the device beyond these limits may cause permanent damage. Ratings are specified at an ambient temperature (TA) of 25°C.

• Power Dissipation:80 mW (applicable to both amber and yellow-green). This parameter defines the maximum power that the LED can safely dissipate as heat.
• Peak Forward Current:90 mA (Pulse condition: duty cycle ≤ 1/10, pulse width ≤ 10μs). This is the maximum instantaneous current for short pulses, suitable for multiplexing or brief high-brightness flashing.
• DC Forward Current:30 mA. This is the recommended maximum continuous forward current to ensure long-term reliable operation.
• Operating Temperature Range:-40°C to +85°C. The device is rated for industrial-grade temperature tolerance.
• Temperature Range for Storage:-40°C to +100°C.
• Pin Soldering Temperature:260°C, ɗan lokaci mafi tsayi na dakika 5, wurin aunawa yana nesa da jikin LED 2.0mm.

2.2 Electrical and Optical Characteristics

Ana auna waɗannan sigogi a TA=25°C da daidaitaccen gwajin kwarara (IF) na 20mA, sai dai idan an faɗi wani abu. Suna bayyana aikin da ake yi a yanayin aiki na yau da kullun.

• Luminous intensity (Iv):
  • Yellow-green: typical value 110 mcd, range from minimum 50 mcd to maximum 110 mcd.
  • Amber: typical value 240 mcd, range from minimum 110 mcd to maximum 240 mcd.
  • Note:Guaranteed values include a ±30% test tolerance. Measurement uses a sensor/filter approximating the CIE photopic response curve.
• Viewing angle (2θ1/2):Both colors are approximately 80 degrees. This is the full angle at which the luminous intensity drops to half of its axial (center) value, indicating a wide beam pattern.
• Peak Emission Wavelength (λP):
  • Yellow-green: 575 nm.
  • Amber: 611 nm.
• Dominant Wavelength (λd):
  • Yellow-green: 572 nm.
  • Amber: 605 nm.
  • Note:This value is derived from the CIE chromaticity diagram and represents the perceived color.
• Spectral line half-width (Δλ):
  • Yellow-green: 11 nm.
  • Amber: 17 nm. A broader half-width typically results in lower color saturation and an appearance closer to a "soft" hue.
• Forward Voltage (VF):
  • Yellow-Green: 2.1V (Typ.), 2.4V (Max.) at IF=20mA.
  • Amber: 2.1V (Typical), 2.4V (Maximum), at IF=20mA.
• Reverse Current (IR):10 μA (Maximum), at Reverse Voltage (VR) of 5V.Key Attention:This device is not designed for reverse bias operation; this test condition is for characterization only. Applying reverse voltage in a circuit will damage the LED.

3. Grading System Specification

To ensure consistency in brightness and color in production applications, LEDs are sorted into different bins. For critical color matching applications, designers should specify the required bin code when ordering.

3.1 Luminous Intensity Binning

LEDs are grouped according to their luminous intensity measured at 20mA.

• Yellow-green binning:C (50-65 mcd), D (65-85 mcd), E (85-110 mcd), F (110-140 mcd). The tolerance for each bin limit is ±15%.
• Amber binning:F (110-140 mcd), G (140-180 mcd), H (180-240 mcd), J (240-310 mcd), K (310-400 mcd). The tolerance for each bin limit is ±15%.

3.2 Dominant Wavelength Binning (Yellow-Green Only)

For precise color control, yellow-green LEDs are further binned by dominant wavelength.

• Hue grading code:H06 (564.0 - 568.0 nm), H07 (568.0 - 572.0 nm), H08 (572.0 - 574.0 nm). The tolerance for each grade limit is ±1 nm.

This grading allows designers to select LEDs that appear consistent in color across a product, which is crucial for multi-LED displays or indicator lights.

4. Performance Curve Analysis

Although specific graphical curves (Figure 1, Figure 6) are referenced in the datasheet, the typical correlation can be described as follows:

• I-V (Current-Voltage) Curve:The forward voltage (VF) has a logarithmic relationship with the forward current (IF). At the recommended operating point of 20mA, the typical VF is 2.1V, but it can vary up to 2.4V. This variation underscores the necessity of using a current-limiting resistor, not a voltage source, to drive the LED.
• Luminous Intensity vs. Current:In the normal operating range (up to 30mA DC), the intensity is roughly proportional to the forward current. Exceeding the maximum current causes superlinear heating, rapidly reducing light output and lifespan.
• Temperature Characteristics:Luminous intensity typically decreases as the junction temperature rises. The wide operating temperature range (-40°C to +85°C) indicates stable performance in extreme environments, although brightness at the high-temperature end will be lower than at 25°C.
• Spectral Distribution:The provided peak wavelength (λP) and dominant wavelength (λd), along with the spectral half-width (Δλ), define the emission spectrum. The amber LED has a broader spectrum (Δλ=17nm) with a central wavelength around 611nm, while the yellow-green spectrum is narrower (Δλ=11nm) with a central wavelength around 575nm.

5. Mechanical and Packaging Information

5.1 Outline Dimensions

The LED is housed in a standard T-1 3/4 radial leaded package. Key dimensional specifications include:

• All dimensions are in millimeters (with inch equivalents provided).
• Standard tolerance is ±0.25mm, unless otherwise specified.
• Maximum resin protrusion under the flange is 1.0mm.
• Pin pitch is measured at the point where the pins exit the package body, which is critical for PCB layout.

The package uses a diffused white lens, which helps scatter light to achieve a wide viewing angle of 80 degrees, resulting in a softer appearance and less glare compared to a clear lens.

5.2 Polarity Identification

LTL30EKFGJ是一款Common AnodeDevice. This means the anode (positive pin) is internally shared, while the cathode (negative pin) for each color is independent. The longer pin is typically the common anode. Always verify the polarity using the diagram in the datasheet before soldering to prevent damage from reverse connection.

6. Welding and Assembly Guide

Proper handling is crucial for maintaining reliability and preventing damage to the LED epoxy lens or internal chip.

6.1 Pin Forming and PCB Assembly

• At a distance of at least 3mm from the LED lensAt least 3mm from the baseBend the leads. Do not use the package body as a fulcrum.
• Lead forming must be performedBefore weldingAnd it is carried out at room temperature.
• During PCB insertion, use the minimum required clamping force to avoid applying excessive mechanical stress to the pins or package.

6.2 Soldering Process

Maintain the gap between the solder joint and the lens basewith a minimum clearance of 2mmDo not immerse the lens in solder.

• Manual soldering (soldering iron):
  • Maximum temperature: 350°C.
  • Maximum duration: 3 seconds per pin.
  • Each solder joint is limited to one soldering cycle.
• Wave soldering:
  • Preheating temperature: maximum 100°C.
  • Preheating time: maximum 60 seconds.
  • Wave soldering temperature: maximum 260°C.
  • Soldering time: maximum 5 seconds.
  • Ensure the wave soldering distance is not less than 2mm from the lens base when positioning the LED.
• Critical Warning:Excessive temperature or duration can melt the epoxy lens, leading to internal bond wire failure or semiconductor material degradation.Infrared reflow soldering is not suitable forThis type of through-hole package.

6.3 Storage and Cleaning

• Storage:Store in an environment not exceeding 30°C and 70% relative humidity. LEDs removed from the original moisture barrier bag should be used within three months. For storage outside the original packaging for longer periods, use a sealed container with desiccant or a nitrogen dry cabinet.
• Cleaning:If necessary, clean only using alcohol-based solvents such as isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Avoid harsh or abrasive cleaners.

7. Packaging and Ordering Information

7.1 Packaging Specifications

The product is packaged according to industry standards, suitable for automatic or manual handling:

• Basic Unit:500, 200, or 100 pieces per bag.
• Inner Box:Contains 10 packaging bags, totaling 5,000 pieces.
• Outer Carton (Shipping Box):Contains 8 inner boxes, totaling 40,000 pieces.
• The note indicates that within a shipping batch, only the final packaging may not be a full quantity.

7.2 Model Number Interpretation

Part number LTL30EKFGJ follows a manufacturer-specific coding system, potentially indicating package type (T-1 3/4), color (amber/yellow-green), and intensity binning. For precise ordering, the requiredBinning Code(Luminous intensity binning, and for yellow-green, dominant wavelength binning must also be specified).

8. Application Design Considerations

8.1 Drive Circuit Design

LED is a current-driven device.The most critical design rule is to use a series current-limiting resistor for each LED or each parallel LED string.

• Recommended Circuit (Circuit A):A voltage source (Vcc), a series resistor (R), and an LED. The resistor value is calculated as: R = (Vcc - VF) / IF, where VF is the LED forward voltage (use the maximum value of 2.4V for design margin), and IF is the desired forward current (e.g., 20mA).
• Circuit to Avoid (Circuit B):Connecting multiple LEDs directly in parallel and sharing a single resistor. Minor differences in the I-V characteristics (VF) among individual LEDs will lead to current imbalance, causing significant variations in brightness and potentially causing the LED with the lowest VF to fail due to overcurrent.

8.2 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection

LEDs are sensitive to electrostatic discharge. The following precautions should be taken during handling and assembly:

• Operatoren müssen Erdungsarmbänder oder antistatische Handschuhe tragen.
• Alle Arbeitsstationen, Werkzeuge und Geräte müssen ordnungsgemäß geerdet sein.
• Verwenden Sie einen Ionisator, um elektrostatische Ladungen zu neutralisieren, die sich auf Kunststofflinsen ansammeln können.
• Ensure personnel are trained in ESD safe handling procedures.

8.3 Thermal Management

Although the power consumption is low (maximum 80mW), keeping the LED within its operating temperature range is crucial for its lifespan and stable light output. Ensure sufficient airflow inside the final product enclosure, especially when multiple LEDs are used in close proximity or in high ambient temperature conditions.

9. Technical Comparison and Selection Guide

The LTL30EKFGJ offers a specific combination of attributes. When selecting an indicator LED, consider the following points in comparison to alternatives:

• Compared to smaller SMD LEDs:Through-hole LEDs like these are often easier for prototyping, manual assembly, and repair. Compared to SMD LEDs of similar size, they typically offer higher single-point brightness and a wider viewing angle, but require PCB drilling and occupy more space on both sides of the board.
• Compared to LEDs with clear lenses:Diffused white lenses provide a wider, softer viewing angle and conceal the internal chip, offering a more uniform "glow" effect, making them ideal for panel indicator lights. Transparent lens LEDs have a more concentrated beam and higher axial intensity, but may appear as a bright point light source.
• Color Selection:Amber (605nm) offers high visibility and is commonly used for warnings or alerts. Yellow-green (572nm) is close to the peak sensitivity of the human eye (555nm), making it appear very bright at lower power levels, which makes it an ideal choice for general status indicators.
• Current Drive:Its maximum DC current of 30mA is standard for 5mm LEDs. For ultra-low-power applications, similar devices rated at 10-20mA may be more suitable.

10. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

10.1 Can I drive this LED directly with a 5V or 3.3V logic pin?

Hapana, isipokuwa utatumia kipingamanishi cha kudhibiti mkondo.Kuunganisha moja kwa moja kutajaribu kuvuta mkondo zaidi ya 30mA kupitia LED na pini ya microcontroller, ukiwezekana kuharibu vyote viwili. Hakikisha unahesabu na kutumia kipingamanishi mfululizo kulingana na voltage ya chanzo chako cha umeme.

10.2 Why is the maximum luminous intensity given as a range (e.g., 110-240 mcd for amber)?

This reflects thebinning systemThe absolute maximum in the datasheet is 240 mcd, but the actual shipped parts will fall into specific intensity bins (F, G, H, J, K). You must specify the required bin to guarantee your design meets the minimum brightness level.

10.3 What is the difference between peak wavelength and dominant wavelength?

Peak Wavelength (λP)It is the single wavelength with the highest emitted optical power.Dominant Wavelength (λd)It is the single wavelength of a pure monochromatic light that appears to the human eye to have the same color. λd is more relevant for color indication applications, while λP is more relevant for optical sensing.

10.4 Can I use this LED outdoors?

Takaddun bayanin yana nuna cewa ya dace da aikace-aikacen "alamar ciki da waje". Kewayon zafin jiki na aiki (-40°C zuwa +85°C) yana goyan bayan wannan. Duk da haka, don amfani na dogon lokaci a waje, ya kamata a yi la'akari da ƙarin kariya daga hasken ultraviolet da shigar danshi, waɗanda ƙila ba a cika ƙayyadaddun su a cikin wannan daidaitaccen kulli ba.

11. Practical Application Examples

11.1 Power Indicator Lights on Consumer Electronics

Scenario:Design a "Power On" indicator light for a device powered by a 12V DC wall adapter.
Design:Use amber LED for warm, clear indication. Target current is set to 15mA for good brightness and lifespan.
Calculation:R = (Vcc - VF) / IF = (12V - 2.4V) / 0.015A = 640 ohms. Use the closest standard value of 680 ohms. Recalculate current: IF = (12V - 2.1V) / 680Ω ≈ 14.6mA (safe and within specifications).
Implementation:Connect the 680Ω resistor in series with the LED anode to the 12V power rail. Connect the LED cathode to ground.

11.2 Multi-LED Status Array

Scenario:A panel containing 5 LEDs displays different system statuses (e.g., ready, active, error, etc.). Color consistency is important.
Design:All indicators use yellow-green LEDs. When ordering, specify a strictDominant Wavelength Bin (e.g., H07)da wani takamaimanmatakin ƙarfin haske (misali E ko F)Ana sarrafa kowane LED daga layin wutar lantarki na jama'a ta hanyar nasa takamaiman resistor mai iyakancewar ƙarfi, don tabbatar da daidaiton haske ko da idan akwai ɗan bambanci a cikin VF.

12. Working Principle

LED yana aiki bisa ka'idar haske ta lantarki na diode semiconductor. Lokacin da aka sanya ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau wanda ya wuce ƙarfin cikin gida na diode (kusan 2.1V don waɗannan na'urorin), electrons da ramuka suna shiga cikin yanki mai aiki daga kayan n-type da p-type, bi da bi. Waɗannan masu ɗaukar kaya suna haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photon (haske). Takamaiman tsayin hasken da aka fitar (launi) yana ƙayyade ta hanyar makamashin tazarar band na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su a yankin mai aiki. Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai watsawa da ke kewaye da guntuwar semiconductor ana amfani da shi don fitar da haske, siffanta hasken kuma kare ingantaccen tsarin ciki.

13. Technology Trends

Ko da yake LED na shigar da kai tsaye yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar gargajiya, ƙirar samfuri, da wasu aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai ƙarfi na baki ɗaya ko sauƙin kulawa, yanayin masana'antu yana ƙara juyawa zuwa na'urorin haɗawa ta saman (SMD). SMD LED tana da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci a cikin haɗawa ta atomatik, adana sararin allo, da rage tsayi. Duk da haka, abubuwa kamar LTL30EKFGJ na shigar da kai tsaye suna da alaƙa saboda ƙarfin injiniyarsu, kyakkyawan ikon sanyaya ta hanyar filaye, da sauƙi a cikin ƙananan adadi ko ayyukan ilimi. Ci gaban fasahar kayan yana ƙara haɓaka inganci, tsawon rai, da daidaiton launi na kowane nau'in LED, gami da bambance-bambancen shigar da kai tsaye.