Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
- 1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali
- 1.2 Aikace-aikacen Da Ake Nufi
- 2. Bincike na Ma'auni na Fasaha
- 2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar
- 2.2 Halayen Lantarki & Na Gani
- 2.3 Abubuwan Da Ake Kula Da Zafi
- 3. Ƙayyadaddun Tsarin Ajiya
- 3.1 Ajiyar Ƙarfin Hasken
- 3.2 Ajiyar Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa
- 4. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshi
- 4.1 Girman Bayyani
- 4.2 Gano Polarity
- 5. Jagororin Haɗawa & Sarrafawa
- 5.1 Yanayin Ajiya
- 5.2 Siffantar Jagora
- 5.3 Tsarin Solder
- 5.4 Tsaftacewa
- 5.5 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)
- 6. Ƙirar Da'ira & Hanyar Tuƙi
- 6.1 Ka'idar Tuƙi ta Asali
- 6.2 Da'irar da Ake Ba da Shawara
- 6.3 Da'irar da Ba a Ba da Shawara Ba
- 7. Bayanin Kunshi & Oda
- 7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kunshi
- 8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace & Abubuwan Da Ake Kula Da Zane
- 8.1 Aikace-aikacen Da Suka Dace
- 8.2 Lissafin Bincike na Zane
- 9. Kwatancen Fasaha & Matsayi
- 10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQs)
- 10.1 Zan iya tuka wannan LED ba tare da resistor na jeri ba?
- 10.2 Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa da Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa?
- 10.3 Zan iya amfani da wannan don nuna wutar lantarki mai juyawa?
- 10.4 Ta yaya zan zaɓi daidaitaccen kwandon ajiya?
- 11. Misalin Ƙira na Aiki
- 12. Ka'idar Aiki & Fasaha
- 13. Trends na Masana'antu & Mahallin
1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
LTLR42FTBGAJ fitilar LED ce mai rami da aka tsara don nuna matsayi da haskakawa gabaɗaya a cikin aikace-aikacen lantarki iri-iri. Tana da sanannen kunshin diamita T-1 (3mm) tare da ruwan tabarau mai watsawa fari, tana fitar da haske tare da babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa a cikin bakan shudi (470nm). Wannan kayan yana da halayen ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, babban aminci, da dacewa da daidaitattun hanyoyin hawa PCB.
1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali
- Bin Ka'idojin RoHS:Samfurin ba shi da gubar (Pb), yana cika ka'idojin muhalli.
- Ingantacciyar Aiki:Yana ba da ƙarfin haske mai girma dangane da amfanin wutar lantarki.
- Sauƙin Ɗaukar Tsari:Ana samunsa a cikin daidaitaccen kunshin T-1, wanda ya dace da hawa iri-iri akan PCBs ko bangon waya.
- Ƙarancin Gudanar da Wutar Lantarki:Ya dace da IC tare da ƙananan buƙatun wutar lantarki, yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar da'ira.
- Amincewa:An gina shi don aiki mai ƙarfi a cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon zafin jiki.
1.2 Aikace-aikacen Da Ake Nufi
Wannan LED ta dace da sassa daban-daban da ke buƙatar bayyanannun alamomin gani masu dogaro. Manyan wuraren aikace-aikace sun haɗa da:
- Kayan Sadarwa:Fitilolin matsayi akan na'urorin hanyar sadarwa, modem, masu sauya hanya.
- Na'urorin Kwamfuta:Fitilolin wutar lantarki, ayyukan HDD, da alamun aiki.
- Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani:Alamomi akan kayan sauti/bidiyo, kayan aikin gida.
- Kayan Aikin Gida:Alamomin nuni da bangon sarrafawa.
- Sarrafa Masana'antu:Alamomin matsayin inji, kuskure, da aiki.
2. Bincike na Ma'auni na Fasaha
Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani, fassarar haƙiƙa na mahimman ma'auni na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi da aka ayyana a cikin takardar bayanai. Fahimtar waɗannan ƙayyadaddun bayanai yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira daidai da aiki mai aminci.
2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar
Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.
- Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (PD):Matsakaicin 72 mW. Wannan shine jimillar wutar lantarki da kunshin LED zai iya watsawa azaman zafi. Wucewa wannan iyaka yana haifar da haɗarin lalacewa ta zafi.
- Matsakaicin Gudanar da Wutar Lantarki na DC (IF):Ci gaba da 20 mA. Kada a tuka LED tare da ci gaba da gudanar da wutar lantarki na DC wanda ya wuce wannan ƙimar.
- Matsakaicin Gudanar da Wutar Lantarki:60 mA, ana yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (ayyukan aiki ≤ 1/10, faɗin bugun jini ≤ 10µs). Yana da amfani don ƙwanƙwasa, ƙwanƙwasa mai haske.
- Zafin Aiki (TA):-30°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin yanayi don aiki na al'ada.
- Zafin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +100°C. Kewayon zafin jiki don ajiyar da ba ta aiki ba.
- Zafin Solder na Jagora:260°C na matsakaicin dakika 5, ana auna shi 2.0mm daga jikin LED. Yana da mahimmanci ga hanyoyin solder na hannu ko igiyar ruwa.
2.2 Halayen Lantarki & Na Gani
Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na yau da kullun da aka auna a zafin yanayi (TA) na 25°C da gudanar da wutar lantarki (IF) na 10mA, sai dai idan an faɗi.
- Ƙarfin Hasken (IV):65 zuwa 310 mcd (millicandela). Ainihin ƙarfin yana cikin kwandon ajiya (duba Sashe na 4). Gwajin ya haɗa da juzu'in ma'auni na ±15%.
- Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 100 (na al'ada). Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar axial (a tsakiya). Ruwan tabarau mai watsawa fari yana haifar da faffadan tsarin dubawa, daidai.
- Matsakaicin Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (λP):468 nm. Tsayin raƙuman ruwa inda fitarwar bakan ta fi ƙarfi.
- Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (λd):460 zuwa 475 nm (an ajiye shi). Wannan shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane wanda ke ayyana launin LED, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE.
- Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):25 nm (na al'ada). Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan; ƙaramin ƙima yana nufin haske mafi monochromatic.
- Matsakaicin Wutar Lantarki (VF):2.6V zuwa 3.6V, tare da ƙimar al'ada na 3.2V a 10mA. Wannan shine raguwar wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudanar da wutar lantarki.
- Matsakaicin Gudanar da Wutar Lantarki (IR):Matsakaicin 10 µA a matsayin wutar lantarki mai juyawa (VR) na 5V.Mahimmanci:Ba a tsara wannan na'urar don aikin juyawa ba; wannan ma'auni don dalilai na gwaji ne kawai.
2.3 Abubuwan Da Ake Kula Da Zafi
Duk da ba a bayyana su dalla-dalla a cikin lanƙwasa ba, ana nuna sarrafa zafi ta hanyar ƙimar rushewar wutar lantarki da kewayon zafin aiki. Tuka LED a matsakaicin gudanar da wutar lantarki ta ci gaba (20mA) tare da V na al'adaFna 3.2V yana haifar da rushewar wutar lantarki na 64mW, kusa da matsakaicin matsakaicin 72mW. Saboda haka, a cikin manyan yanayin zafi ko wuraren da aka rufe, yana da kyau a rage gudanar da wutar lantarki don tabbatar da dogon lokaci aminci da hana raguwar ƙarfin haske.
3. Ƙayyadaddun Tsarin Ajiya
Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LEDs zuwa kwandon ajiyar aiki. LTLR42FTBGAJ yana amfani da tsarin ajiya mai girma biyu don ƙarfin haske da babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa.
3.1 Ajiyar Ƙarfin Hasken
Raka'o'i suna cikin millicandela (mcd) da aka auna a IF= 10mA. Kowane kwandon ajiya yana da juzu'i na ±15% akan iyakokinsa.
- Kwandon Ajiya DE:Mafi ƙarancin 65 mcd, Matsakaicin 110 mcd.
- Kwandon Ajiya FG:Mafi ƙarancin 110 mcd, Matsakaicin 180 mcd.
- Kwandon Ajiya HJ:Mafi ƙarancin 180 mcd, Matsakaicin 310 mcd.
An yiwa alamar lambar kwandon ajiya akan kowane jakar tattarawa, yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar madaidaicin matakin haske don aikace-aikacensu.
3.2 Ajiyar Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa
Raka'o'i suna cikin nanometers (nm) da aka auna a IF= 10mA. Kowane kwandon ajiya yana da juzu'i na ±1nm akan iyakokinsa.
- Kwandon Ajiya B07:460.0 nm zuwa 465.0 nm.
- Kwandon Ajiya B08:465.0 nm zuwa 470.0 nm.
- Kwandon Ajiya B09:470.0 nm zuwa 475.0 nm.
Wannan ajiyar tana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon launin shudi don aikace-aikacen da daidaitawar launi ke da mahimmanci.
4. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshi
4.1 Girman Bayyani
LED ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen bayanin kunshin T-1 (3mm) mai jagora na radial. Muhimman bayanan girma daga takardar bayanai sun haɗa da:
- Duk girma suna cikin millimeters (ana ba da inci a cikin baka).
- Matsakaicin juzu'i shine ±0.25mm (±0.010\") sai dai idan an faɗi.
- Matsakaicin tsinkaya na guduro a ƙarƙashin ƙwanƙwasa shine 1.0mm (0.04\").
- Ana auna tazarar jagora inda jagororin suka fito daga jikin kunshin.
- Matsakaicin tsayin fil ɗin shine 27.5mm.
4.2 Gano Polarity
Ga LEDs masu rami, mafi tsayin jagora shine anode (tabbatacce), kuma mafi guntu jagora shine cathode (maras kyau). Bugu da ƙari, jikin LED sau da yawa yana da gefe mai lebur kusa da jagoran cathode. Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen polarity yayin shimfidar PCB da haɗawa.
5. Jagororin Haɗawa & Sarrafawa
Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aikin LED da aminci.
5.1 Yanayin Ajiya
Don mafi kyawun rayuwar shiryayye, yakamata a adana LEDs a cikin yanayi wanda bai wuce 30°C da 70% zafi ba. Idan an cire shi daga ainihin kunshin shinge na danshi, ana ba da shawarar amfani da abubuwan a cikin watanni uku. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci a waje da ainihin jakar, yi amfani da akwati mai rufewa tare da busassun abu ko na'urar bushewa mai cike da nitrogen.
5.2 Siffantar Jagora
- Dole ne a yi lanƙwasakafinsolder, a zafin daki.
- Ya kamata a yi lanƙwasa a wani wuri aƙalla 3mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau na LED.
- Kada ku yi amfani da gindin LED (firam ɗin jagora) azaman fulcrum yayin lanƙwasa.
- Yayin shigar da PCB, yi amfani da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin ƙulla da ake buƙata don guje wa matsin lamba na injiniya akan kunshin.
5.3 Tsarin Solder
Dokar Mahimmanci:Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa na 2mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau na epoxy zuwa wurin solder. Kada ku nutsar da ruwan tabarau cikin solder.
- Ƙarfe na Solder:Matsakaicin zafin jiki 350°C. Matsakaicin lokacin solder dakika 3 kowace jagora. Yakamata a yi solder sau ɗaya kawai.
- Solder na Igwa:Matsakaicin zafin jiki kafin 100°C har zuwa dakika 60. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na igiyar ruwa 260°C. Matsakaicin lokacin solder dakika 5.
- Mahimmanci:Solder na sake kunnawa na Infrared (IR)bai dace baga wannan samfurin LED mai rami. Yawan zafi ko lokaci na iya lalata ruwan tabarau ko haifar da gazawar bala'i.
5.4 Tsaftacewa
Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, yi amfani da kaushi na barasa kawai kamar isopropyl alcohol. Guji m ko kaushi masu tsauri.
5.5 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)
LEDs suna da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki. Dole ne a ɗauki matakan kariya:
- Yakamata ma'aikata su sanya bel ɗin wuyan da aka kafa ko safofin hannu masu hana tashin hankali.
- Dole ne duk kayan aiki, teburin aiki, da rumbun ajiya su kasance da tushe daidai.
- Yi amfani da ionizer don daidaita cajin tsaye wanda zai iya taruwa akan ruwan tabarau na filastik saboda gogayyar sarrafawa.
6. Ƙirar Da'ira & Hanyar Tuƙi
6.1 Ka'idar Tuƙi ta Asali
LED na'urar aiki ce ta wutar lantarki. Haskenta yana sarrafawa da farko ta hanyar gudanar da wutar lantarki (IF), ba wutar lantarki ba. Saboda haka, tsarin iyakance wutar lantarki ya zama dole.
6.2 Da'irar da Ake Ba da Shawara
Takardar bayanai tana ba da shawara sosai don amfani da resistor na jeri don kowane LED, ko da lokacin da aka haɗa LEDs da yawa a layi daya zuwa tushen wutar lantarki (Da'ira A).
Da'ira A (Ana Ba da Shawara):Kowane LED yana da nasa resistor na iyakance wutar lantarki (Riyaka). Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: Riyaka= (Vwadata- VF) / IF. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a duk LEDs ta hanyar rama ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin matsakaicin wutar lantarki (VF) na na'urori guda ɗaya.
6.3 Da'irar da Ba a Ba da Shawara Ba
Da'ira B (Ba a Ba da Shawara Ba):An haɗa LEDs da yawa a layi daya tare da resistor ɗaya na raba iyakance wutar lantarki. Wannan tsari yana da matsala saboda LED tare da mafi ƙarancin VFzai jawo ƙarin wutar lantarki, ya zama mai haske kuma yana iya zama mai matsi, yayin da sauran suka kasance masu duhu. Wannan yana haifar da haske mara daidaituwa da rage aminci.
7. Bayanin Kunshi & Oda
7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kunshi
An tattara samfurin a cikin tsarin matakai:
- Jakar Tattarawa:Ya ƙunshi 1000, 500, 200, ko guda 100. An yiwa alamar lambar kwandon ajiya akan kowane jakar.
- Akwatin Ciki:Ya ƙunshi jakunkunan tattarawa 10, jimlar guda 10,000.
- Akwatin Waje (Akwatin Jigilar Kaya):Ya ƙunshi akwatuna na ciki 8, jimlar guda 80,000. A cikin kayan jigilar kaya, ƙarshen kunshin kawai zai iya ƙunsar adadin da bai cika ba.
8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace & Abubuwan Da Ake Kula Da Zane
8.1 Aikace-aikacen Da Suka Dace
Wannan LED ta dace da alamun ciki da waje, da kuma daidaitattun kayan lantarki inda ake buƙatar alamar shudi ko fari mai watsawa. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana sa ya dace da bangon waya inda ake buƙatar ganin alama daga kusurwoyi daban-daban.
8.2 Lissafin Bincike na Zane
- Iyakar Wutar Lantarki:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jeri. Yi lissafin don I da ake soF(≤20mA DC) ta amfani da matsakaicin VFdaga takardar bayanai don ƙira mai aminci.
- Gudanar da Zafi:Yi la'akari da zafin yanayi da iskar iska. Rage gudanar da wutar lantarki a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.
- Shimfidar PCB:Tabbatar da daidaitaccen sawun polarity. Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa na solder-zuwa-ruwan tabarau na 2mm a cikin ƙirar kushin.
- Ajiya:Ƙayyade ƙarfin haske da ake buƙata (IV) da babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd) kwandon ajiya don daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa.
- Hatsarin Kariya daga ESD:Aiwatar da sarrafa ESD a yankin haɗawa.
9. Kwatancen Fasaha & Matsayi
LTLR42FTBGAJ yana da matsayi na al'ada a cikin kasuwar fasahar haske. Babban abubuwan da suka bambanta su ne:
- Kunshi:Kunshin rami na T-1 da aka saba da shi yana ba da sauƙin amfani don ƙirar samfuri, haɗa hannu, da aikace-aikacen inda ba a buƙatar fasahar hawa saman (SMT) ko ake so.
- Ruwan Tabarau:Ruwan tabarau mai watsawa fari yana ba da faɗi, daidaitaccen kusurwar dubawa kuma yana laushin wurin haske idan aka kwatanta da ruwan tabarau mai tsabta, yana mai da shi kyakkyawa don alamomin bangon gaba.
- Launi:Fitowar shudi/fari na 470nm zaɓi ne na gama gari don wutar lantarki, matsayi, da alamomin aiki, yana ba da kyakkyawar ganuwa.
- Mayar da Hankali ga Amincewa:Cikakkun jagororin sarrafawa, solder, da ESD suna jaddada ƙira don aminci, yana mai da shi dacewa da samfuran masana'antu da masu amfani waɗanda ke buƙatar dogon lokacin aiki.
10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQs)
10.1 Zan iya tuka wannan LED ba tare da resistor na jeri ba?
No.Haɗa LED kai tsaye zuwa tushen wutar lantarki zai haifar da wutar lantarki mai yawa, wanda zai lalata na'urar nan take. Koyaushe ana buƙatar resistor na jeri (ko wata da'ira mai daidaita wutar lantarki).
10.2 Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa da Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa?
Matsakaicin Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (λP):Tsayin raƙuman ruwa na zahiri inda LED ke fitar da mafi ƙarfin ƙarfin gani.Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (λd):Launin da aka gane kamar yadda amsawar idon ɗan adam ta ayyana (ma'aunin CIE). Ga LEDs shudi, waɗannan ƙimar sau da yawa suna kusa. λdya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.
10.3 Zan iya amfani da wannan don nuna wutar lantarki mai juyawa?
No.Takardar bayanai ta bayyana a sarari cewa ba a tsara na'urar don aikin juyawa ba. Matsakaicin gudanar da wutar lantarki mai juyawa (IR) ma'auni ne don dalilai na gwaji kawai. Yin amfani da wutar lantarki mai juyawa na iya lalata LED.
10.4 Ta yaya zan zaɓi daidaitaccen kwandon ajiya?
Zaɓi kwandon ajiyar ƙarfin haske (DE, FG, HJ) dangane da hasken da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacenku. Zaɓi kwandon ajiyar babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa (B07, B08, B09) dangane da takamaiman inuwar shudi/fari da ake buƙata, musamman idan ana daidaita LEDs da yawa akan bangon waya.
11. Misalin Ƙira na Aiki
Yanayi:Ƙirƙiri alamar wutar lantarki ta 12V DC ta amfani da LED LTLR42FTBGAJ. Manufar gudanar da wutar lantarki (IF) na 15mA don daidaita haske da tsawon rai.
- Ƙayyade Matsakaicin Wutar Lantarki (VF):Yi amfani da matsakaicin ƙima daga takardar bayanai don ƙira mai ra'ayin mazan jiya: VF(matsakaici)= 3.6V.
- Ƙididdigar Resistor na Jerin:R = (Vwadata- VF) / IF= (12V - 3.6V) / 0.015A = 560 Ohms. Mafi kusancin daidaitaccen ƙimar resistor E24 shine 560Ω.
- Ƙididdigar Wutar Lantarki na Resistor:P = IF2* R = (0.015)2* 560 = 0.126W. Daidaitaccen resistor 1/4W (0.25W) ya isa.
- Shimfidar PCB:Sanya resistor a jere tare da anode na LED. Tabbatar cewa kushin cathode na LED yana aƙalla 2mm daga gefen sawun jikin LED don kiyaye buƙatar nisa na solder.
12. Ka'idar Aiki & Fasaha
LTLR42FTBGAJ ya dogara ne akan tsarin diode na semiconductor ta amfani da kayan Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) don yankin aiki mai fitar da haske. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki mai gudu wanda ya wuce bakin kofa na diode, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yankin aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin yadudduka na InGaN yana ƙayyade matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa, a wannan yanayin, kusan 468nm (hasken shudi). Bayyanar fari mai watsawa ana samun ta ta hanyar haɗa guntu LED shudi tare da ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai lulluɓe da phosphor ko watsawa, wanda ke watsa haske don ƙirƙirar katako mai faɗi da tasirin gani mai laushi.
13. Trends na Masana'antu & Mahallin
LEDs masu rami kamar kunshin T-1 sun kasance masu dacewa a cikin takamaiman ƙananan wurare duk da ƙaura na masana'antu zuwa fasahar na'urar hawa saman (SMD). Babban fa'idodinsu su ne ƙarfin injiniya, sauƙin solder na hannu don ƙirar samfuri da gyara, da dacewa da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar hawa a kai tsaye zuwa PCB ko cikin bangon waya. Trend a cikin ɓangaren rami yana zuwa ga ingantacciyar inganci (ƙarin fitowar haske kowace mA), ingantaccen aminci a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsauri, da ci gaba da bin RoHS/REACH. Don sabbin ƙira, injiniyoyi yawanci suna kimanta madadin SMD don ceton sarari da fa'idodin haɗawa ta atomatik, amma zaɓuɓɓukan rami sau da yawa ana fifita su don kayan koyarwa, ayyukan sha'awa, sarrafa masana'antu tare da girgiza mai girma, ko kuma lokacin da ƙirar ta kira musamman alamar salon \"fitila\" na al'ada.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |