Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
- 1.1 Siffofi
- 1.2 Aikace-aikace
- 2. Girman Bayyanawa
- 3. Iyakar Ƙimar Ƙima
- 4. Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani
- 5. Matsakaicin Lanƙwasa Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani
- 6. Ƙayyadaddun Tsarin Rarrabawa
- 6.1 Teburin Kwandon Gani da na Lantarki
- 6.2 Zanen Launi na C.I.E. 1931
- 7. Ƙayyadaddun Marufi
- 8. Gargaɗi da Jagororin Aikace-aikace
- 8.1 Aikace-aikace
- 8.2 Ajiya
- 8.3 Tsaftacewa
- 8.4 Siffantar Jagora da Haɗawa
- 8.5 Gyaɗa
- 8.6 Hanyar Tuƙi
- 9. Abubuwan Ƙira da Bayanan Aikace-aikace
- 9.1 Gudanar da Zafi
- 9.2 Ƙirar Da'ira don Daidaitaccen Hasken
- 9.3 Haɗin Injina
- 10. Kwatance da Jagorar Zaɓi
1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
LTW-1NHDR5JH231 fitilar LED ce mai rami ta ciki wacce aka ƙera don amfani da mai riƙe na kusurwa mai dama na filastik baƙi ko na halitta (gida), wanda kuma ake kira da Alamar Allon Kewayawa (CBI). Wannan tsari yana samar da tushen haske mai ƙarfi wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen lantarki iri-iri. An ƙera samfurin don sauƙin haɗawa a kan allunan kewayawa da aka buga (PCBs).
1.1 Siffofi
- An ƙera shi don sauƙin haɗawa a allon kewayawa.
- Tushen haske mai ƙarfi don dogaro.
- Ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki da ingantaccen aiki.
- Samfurin da ba shi da gubar wanda ya bi ka'idojin RoHS.
- Yana amfani da fitila mai girman T-1 tare da Farin LED na InGaN da farin lensa mai watsawa.
1.2 Aikace-aikace
Wannan fitilar LED ta dace da aikace-aikace masu yawa, gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga:
- Kayan aikin kwamfuta
- Na'urorin sadarwa
- Kayan lantarki na masu amfani
- Kayan aikin masana'antu
2. Girman Bayyanawa
Ana ba da zanen injina don LTW-1NHDR5JH231 a shafi na 2 na takardar bayani. Muhimman bayanan kula game da girmansu sun haɗa da:
- Duk girmansu an ƙayyade su a cikin milimita, tare da inci a cikin baka.
- Tolerance na asali shine ±0.25mm (±0.010\") sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka.
- Kayan mai riƙe baƙin filastik ne.
- Fitilar LED kanta farare ce.
- Duk ƙayyadaddun bayanai na iya canzawa ba tare da sanarwa ba.
3. Iyakar Ƙimar Ƙima
Ana ƙayyade ƙimar da ke gaba a yanayin zafin muhalli (TA) na 25°C. Wucewa waɗannan ƙimomi na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar.
| Sigogi | Matsakaicin Ƙima | Naúrar |
|---|---|---|
| Rushewar Wutar Lantarki | 108 | mW |
| Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (Duty Cycle ≤1/10, Faɗin bugun jini ≤10ms) | 100 | mA |
| Halin Yanzu na Gaba na DC | 30 | mA |
| Rage Ƙima (Layin daga 30°C) | 0.45 | mA/°C |
| Kewayon Zafin Aiki | -40 zuwa +85 | °C |
| Kewayon Zafin Ajiya | -40 zuwa +100 | °C |
| Zafin Gyaɗa na Jagora (2.0mm daga jiki) | 260 na dakika 5 matsakaici. | °C |
4. Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani
Ana auna halayen da ke gaba a TA=25°C ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji.
| Sigogi | Alama | Min. | Typ. | Max. | Naúrar | Yanayin Gwaji |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken | Iv | 880 | 1900 | 3200 | mcd | IF = 20mA |
| Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2) | - | - | 65 | - | digiri | - |
| Matsayin Launi x | x | - | 0.30 | - | - | IF = 20mA |
| Matsayin Launi y | y | - | 0.29 | - | - | IF = 20mA |
| Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba | VF | 2.8 | 3.2 | 3.6 | V | IF = 20mA |
| Halin Yanzu na Baya | IR | - | - | 10 | μA | VR = 5V |
Bayanan kula:
- Ana auna ƙarfin hasken haske tare da firikwensin da tacewa wanda ke kusantar da lanƙwasa amsawar ido na CIE photopic.
- θ1/2 shine kusurwar kashe-axis inda ƙarfin hasken haske ya rabi ƙimar axial.
- Ana yiwa alamar lambar rarrabuwar Iv a kan kowace jakar tattarawa.
- Garanti na Iv ya haɗa da tolerance na ±15%.
- Matsayin launi (x, y) an samo su daga zanen launi na CIE na 1931.
- Yanayin ƙarfin lantarki na baya don gwajin IR ne kawai; ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin baya ba.
5. Matsakaicin Lanƙwasa Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani
Takardar bayani ta haɗa da matsakaicin lanƙwasa halaye (wanda aka nuna a shafi na 4) wanda ke kwatanta alaƙa tsakanin sigogi daban-daban. Waɗannan lanƙwasan suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban, kamar halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin hasken haske da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Bincika waɗannan lanƙwasan yana taimaka wa masu ƙira su inganta da'irori don daidaitaccen haske da inganci a cikin kewayon wuraren aiki.
6. Ƙayyadaddun Tsarin Rarrabawa
Ana rarraba LTW-1NHDR5JH231 bisa ga kwandon gani da na lantarki don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace-aikace.
6.1 Teburin Kwandon Gani da na Lantarki
Kwandon Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (Iv, mcd @ IF=20mA)
| Lambar Kwando | Mafi ƙanƙanta (mcd) | Matsakaici (mcd) |
|---|---|---|
| P | 880 | 1150 |
| Q | 1150 | 1500 |
| R | 1500 | 1900 |
| S | 1900 | 2500 |
| T | 2500 | 3200 |
Lura: Tolerance na kowane iyakar kwando shine ±15%.
Matsayi na Hue (Matsayin Launi, CC(x,y) @ IF=20mA)
Takardar bayani tana ba da cikakken tebur (a shafi na 6) wanda ke ayyana matsayi na hue da yawa (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2). Ana ayyana kowane matsayi ta wurin yanki mai siffar huɗu akan zanen launi na CIE 1931 ta amfani da saiti huɗu na (x, y) daidaitawa. Wannan yana ba da damar zaɓin launi daidai. Tolerance na kowane iyakar kwando shine ±0.01 a cikin ƙimar daidaitawa.
6.2 Zanen Launi na C.I.E. 1931
An haɗa da zanen launi na CIE 1931 na tunani (a shafi na 7) don wakilta da ido kwandon hue da aka ayyana a cikin tebur. Wannan zane kayan aiki ne na daidaitawa don ƙayyadadawa da fahimtar launin tushen haske.
7. Ƙayyadaddun Marufi
Daidaitaccen tsarin tattarawa don LTW-1NHDR5JH231 shine kamar haka:
- Naúrar Tushe:Guda 180 a kowace tire.
- Akwatin Ciki:Tire 8 a kowace akwatin ciki, jimlar guda 1,440.
- Akwatin Waje:Akwatin ciki 8 a kowace akwatin waje, jimlar guda 11,520.
Bayanin kula ya ƙayyade cewa a cikin kowane kayan jigilar kaya, kawai marufi na ƙarshe zai iya zama marufi mara cikakke.
8. Gargaɗi da Jagororin Aikace-aikace
8.1 Aikace-aikace
Wannan fitilar LED ta dace da alamar ciki da waje, da kuma na'urorin lantarki na yau da kullun.
8.2 Ajiya
Don mafi kyawun tsawon rai, yakamata a adana LEDs a cikin muhalli wanda bai wuce 30°C ko 70% zafi na dangi ba. LEDs da aka cire daga ainihin marufinsu yakamata a yi amfani da su cikin watanni uku. Don tsawaita ajiya a waje da ainihin marufi, yakamata a ajiye su a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da busassun abu ko a cikin yanayin nitrogen.
8.3 Tsaftacewa
Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole, yi amfani da kaushi na barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol.
8.4 Siffantar Jagora da Haɗawa
- Lankwasa jagororin a wani batu aƙalla 3mm daga gindin lensa na LED.
- Kada ka yi amfani da gindin firam ɗin jagora a matsayin fulcrum.
- Yi siffantar jagora a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun kuma kafin gyaɗa.
- Yayin haɗawar PCB, yi amfani da ƙaramin ƙarfin ƙulle don guje wa damuwa na injina.
8.5 Gyaɗa
Dole ne a bi mahimman jagororin gyaɗa don hana lalacewa:
- Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin tsabta na 2mm daga gindin lensa/spacer zuwa wurin gyaɗa.
- Kutsa kai lensa/spacer cikin gyaɗa.
- Kada ka yi amfani da damuwa na waje ga firam ɗin jagora yayin gyaɗa yayin da LED ke da zafi.
Sharuɗɗan Gyaɗa da Aka Ba da Shawara:
| Hanya | Sigogi | Ƙima | Bayanin kula |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfe na Gyaɗa | Zazzabi | 350°C Matsakaici. | Sau ɗaya kawai. Ƙarshen ƙarfe ba ya kusa da 2mm daga gindin kwalliyar epoxy. |
| Lokaci | Dakika 3 Matsakaici. | ||
| Matsayi | - | ||
| Gyaɗar Taguwar Ruwa | Zafin Gyaɗa Kafin | 120°C Matsakaici. | Taguwar ruwan gyaɗa ba ta ƙasa da 2mm daga gindin kwalliyar epoxy. IR reflow bai dace da wannan samfurin mai rami ta ciki ba. |
| Lokacin Gyaɗa Kafin | Dakika 100 Matsakaici. | ||
| Zafin Taguwar Gyaɗa. | 260°C Matsakaici. | ||
| Lokacin Gyaɗa | Dakika 5 Matsakaici. | ||
| Matsayin Tsoma | - |
Gargadi: Yawan zafi ko lokaci na iya canza siffar lensa ko haifar da gazawar bala'i.
8.6 Hanyar Tuƙi
LEDs na'urori ne masu sarrafa halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske lokacin haɗa LEDs da yawa a layi daya, ana ƙarfafa ba da shawarar yin amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da kowane LED (Samfurin Da'ira A). Yin amfani da resistor guda ɗaya don LEDs da yawa a layi daya (Samfurin Da'ira B) ba a ba da shawara ba, saboda ɗan bambanci a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) tsakanin kowane LED na iya haifar da bambanci mai mahimmanci a cikin halin yanzu, saboda haka, haske.
9. Abubuwan Ƙira da Bayanan Aikace-aikace
9.1 Gudanar da Zafi
Duk da yake na'urar tana da ƙarancin wutar lantarki (108mW matsakaici), daidaitaccen ƙirar thermal har yanzu yana da mahimmanci don dogaron dogon lokaci, musamman lokacin aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙima ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma. Dole ne a yi la'akari da ƙimar rage ƙima na 0.45 mA/°C sama da 30°C don tabbatar da halin yanzu na gaba na DC bai wuce iyakokin aminci ba. Isasshen tazara akan PCB da yuwuwar iskar iska na iya taimakawa sarrafa zafin haɗuwa.
9.2 Ƙirar Da'ira don Daidaitaccen Hasken
Tsarin rarrabawa don ƙarfin hasken haske (Iv) da launi (x, y) siffa ce mai mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton launi ko haske. Masu ƙira yakamata su ƙayyade kwandon da ake buƙata lokacin yin oda. Bugu da ƙari, kamar yadda aka haskaka a sashin hanyar tuƙi, amfani da resistors na jere na kowane LED shine hanya mafi aminci don cimma daidaitaccen haske a cikin tsararrun LED masu yawa, yana rama da rarraba halitta a cikin siffar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED.
9.3 Haɗin Injina
An ƙera samfurin don amfani da takamaiman mai riƙe na kusurwa mai dama (CBI). Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar cewa shimfidar wurin PCB ta ɗauki ƙafar mai riƙe da kuma yankin da aka ba da shawarar don guje wa gyaɗa (2mm daga gindin lensa). Umarnin siffantar jagora da ƙaramin ƙarfin ƙulle suna da mahimmanci don guje wa sanya damuwa na injina akan kunshin LED, wanda zai iya haifar da gazawa da wuri ko fashewar lensa.
10. Kwatance da Jagorar Zaɓi
LTW-1NHDR5JH231 yana ba da haɗin fitila ta T-1 ta daidaitawa tare da tsarin mai riƙe na musamman. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da sauƙin haɗawa da samuwar zaɓin kallon kusurwa mai dama ta hanyar mai riƙe. Cikakken tsarin rarrabawa yana ba da damar zaɓi daidai don aikace-aikacen inda launi ko daidaitawar ƙarfi ke da mahimmanci. Lokacin zaɓar LED, mahimman sigogi don kwatanta sun haɗa da ƙarfin hasken haske (Iv), kusurwar dubawa, ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF), da mahimman ƙimar ƙima masu alaƙa (halin yanzu, wutar lantarki, zafin jiki). Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na wannan na'urar na 3.2V a 20mA ya zama gama gari ga fararen LEDs na InGaN, yana sa ya dace da daidaitattun wadatar wutar lantarki na matakin dabaru lokacin amfani da daidaitaccen resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |