LTL-R42M12NH51 Multi-Color Through-Hole LED Lamp Datasheet - 20mA - Simplified Chinese Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

LTL-R42M12NH51 is a multi-color circuit board indicator (CBI) specifically designed for through-hole mounting on printed circuit boards (PCB). It features a black plastic right-angle housing with integrated LED chips. This component is designed for easy assembly and provides high-contrast visual indication, suitable for a variety of electronic applications.

1.1 Core Advantages

• Easy Assembly:Designed to facilitate a straightforward board assembly process.
• Enhanced Contrast:The black housing material improves contrast, making the LED light more easily noticeable.
• High Energy Efficiency:It features low power consumption and high luminous efficiency.
• Environmental Compliance:This is a lead-free product compliant with the RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) directive.
• Flexible Packaging:The CBI concept supports multiple configurations, including top-view or right-angle orientation, and stackable horizontal or vertical arrays.

1.2 Target Applications

This LED is suitable for a wide range of electronic devices, including:

• Computer Systems and Peripherals
• Communication Equipment
• Consumer Electronics
• Industrial Equipment and Control Devices

2. In-depth Analysis of Technical Parameters

This section provides a detailed and objective analysis of the key electrical, optical, and thermal parameters of the LTL-R42NH51 LED lamp.

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

These ratings define the stress limits that may cause permanent damage to the device. Operation at or beyond these limits is not recommended.

• Power Dissipation (Pd):Red, Yellow, and Yellow-Green LEDs: 52 mW; Blue LED: 117 mW. This parameter indicates the maximum power the LED can dissipate as heat at an ambient temperature (TA) of 25°C.
• Peak Forward Current (I_FP):Red/Yellow/Yellow-Green: 60 mA; Blue: 100 mA. This is the maximum allowable pulse current (duty cycle ≤1/10, pulse width ≤0.1ms).
• Direct forward current (I_F):All colors are 20 mA. This is the recommended continuous operating current.
• Temperature range:Operating temperature: -40°C to +85°C; Storage temperature: -40°C to +100°C. These define the environmental limits for reliable operation and non-operating storage.
• Pin soldering temperature:Maximum 260°C for 5 seconds, measured at a point 2.0mm from the LED body. This is critical for wave soldering or hand soldering processes.

2.2 Electrical and Optical Characteristics

Measured under standard test conditions at TA=25°C. The device contains four LEDs: LED1 (red/yellow bicolor), LED2 and LED3 (yellow-green), LED4 (blue).

• Luminous Intensity (I_V):
  • Red/Yellow (LED1 @ 20mA): Typical 110 mcd, range from 50 mcd (min) to 240 mcd (max).
  • Yellow-Green (LED2,3 @ 10mA): Typical 19 mcd, range from 8.7 mcd to 50 mcd.
  • Blue (LED4 @ 20mA): Typical 400 mcd, range from 180 mcd to 880 mcd.
  • Note:Guaranteed I_Vvalues include a ±30% test tolerance.
• Viewing Angle (2θ_1/2):Red, yellow, yellow-green are 100 degrees; blue light is 60 degrees. This is the total angle where the luminous intensity is at least half of the peak axial intensity.
• Wavelength:
  • Peak emission wavelength (λ_P): Red ~632 nm, yellow ~591 nm, yellow-green ~572 nm, blue ~468 nm.
  • Dominant wavelength (λ_d): Defines perceived color. Range: Red 617-632 nm, yellow 583-596 nm, yellow-green 566-574 nm, blue 460-475 nm.
• Spectral line half-width (Δλ):Red/yellow/blue about 20 nm; yellow-green about 15 nm. This indicates the purity of the color.
• Forward voltage (V_F):
  • Red: Typical value 2.1V (Max 2.6V)
  • Yellow: Typical value 2.1V (Max 2.6V)
  • Yellow-green: Typical value 2.0V (Max 2.6V)
  • Blue: Typical value 3.2V (Max 3.8V)
• Reverse current (I_R):At a reverse voltage (V_R) of 5V, maximum 100 μA.Muhimman Bayani:Wannan na'urar ba an tsara ta don aiki a baya ba; wannan gwajin yanayin kawai ana amfani da shi don siffanta.

2.3 Thermal Characteristics

Babban la'akari na thermal shine iyakar amfani da wutar lantarki (Pd), wanda ke raguwa yayin da yanayin zafi ya karu. Ƙayyadaddun ƙimar Pd yana aiki a 25°C. Don tabbatar da dogon lokaci mai aminci, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye zafin jiki a cikin iyakokin ta hanyar sarrafa yanayin zafi da ƙirar thermal na PCB. Faɗin kewayon zafin aiki (-40°C zuwa +85°C) yana nuna ƙarfin sa don yanayi daban-daban.

3. Binning System Description

Takaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai suna nuna bambance-bambancen aiki ta hanyar mafi ƙarancin/na al'ada/matsakaicin ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Muhimman sigogi waɗanda ke shafar grading ko bambancin yanayi sun haɗa da:

• Luminous Intensity (I_V) Grading:As shown in the figure, I_VThe range is very wide (e.g., blue light: 180-880 mcd). Designers must consider this ±30% test tolerance range to ensure brightness consistency in applications, which may require the use of current-limiting resistors or the selection of binned components.
• Wavelength/Dominant Wavelength Binning:λ_dThe specified range (e.g., red: 617-632 nm) defines the possible color variation. Applications requiring precise color matching may need components binned to tighter wavelength tolerances.
• Forward voltage (V_F) Grading:V_FThe range (e.g., blue light: typical 3.2V, maximum 3.8V) is important for designing drive circuits, especially when multiple LEDs are connected in parallel, to ensure uniform current distribution.

4. Performance Curve Analysis

The datasheet references typical characteristic curves. Although specific charts are not reproduced in the text, they usually contain the following relationships crucial for design:

• I-V (Current-Voltage) Curve:Display the relationship between forward voltage (V_F) and forward current (I_F). It is nonlinear, similar to a diode curve with a specific turn-on voltage for the semiconductor material (lower for red/yellow/green, higher for blue).
• Relative luminous intensity vs. forward current:Shows how light output increases with current, typically approximately linear within the normal operating range, with efficiency dropping at very high currents.
• Relative luminous intensity vs. ambient temperature:Shows the derating of light output as junction temperature increases. This is crucial for applications operating in high ambient temperatures.
• Spectral distribution:A plot of relative intensity versus wavelength, showing the peak emission wavelength (λ_P) and spectral half-width (Δλ).

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshewa

5.1 Girman Siffa

This device adopts a right-angle through-hole package. Key dimension specifications:

• All dimensions are in millimeters. Unless otherwise specified, the default tolerance is ±0.25mm.
• The housing material is black plastic.
• The specific lens configuration is: LED1 (red/yellow bicolor) uses a white diffused lens; LED2 and LED3 (yellow-green) use a green diffused lens; LED4 (blue) uses a white diffused lens.

5.2 Gane Halayen Ƙarfi

Polarity must be noted during assembly. The outline drawing in the datasheet typically indicates the cathode (negative) pin, usually identified by a flat on the lens housing, a shorter pin, or a specific mark on the PCB footprint. Correct polarity is crucial for device operation.

6. Jagorar Walda da Haɗawa

Proper handling is crucial to prevent damage.

• Storage:Store at ≤30°C and ≤70% relative humidity. If removed from the original packaging, use within 3 months. For longer storage, use a sealed container with desiccant or a nitrogen environment.
• Tsabtso:Yanzu a bukata, yi amfani da kaushi na tushen barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol.
• Ƙirƙirar ƙugiya:Lanƙwasa ƙugiyoyin a nesa mai nisa da tushen ruwan tabarau na LED ≥3mm. Yi ƙirƙira kafin yin gama a zafin daki. Guji amfani da tushen firam ɗin igiya a matsayin madaidaicin jiki.
• Haɗa PCB:Aiwatar da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin matsi don guje wa damuwa na inji.
• Gama:
  • Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa daga gindin ruwan tabarau/ma'auni zuwa mahaɗin gama a 2mm.
  • Avoid immersing the lens/holder in solder.
  • During the soldering process when the LED is hot, avoid applying external stress to the pins.
  • Recommended conditions:
    • Soldering iron:Maximum 350°C, up to 3 seconds per solder joint.
    • Wave soldering:Preheating ≤120°C, ≤100 seconds; Soldering wave ≤260°C, ≤5 seconds.
  • Warning:Excessively high temperature or duration may cause lens deformation or lead to catastrophic failure.

7. Hanyoyin Turawa da Ƙirar Lantarki

LED is a current-driven device.

• Recommended Circuit (Circuit A):When multiple LEDs are connected in parallel,eachLED yana haɗe da resistor mai iyakancewar kwarara. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske ta hanyar ramban bambancin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) na kowane LED.
• Tsarin da ba a ba da shawarar ba (Tsarin B):Ba a ƙarfafa haɗa LED-ori da yawa tare da raba resistor ɗaya mai iyakancewar kwarara ba. Ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin halayen I-V zasu haifar da rarraba kwarara mara daidaitu, wanda zai haifar da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a haske tsakanin LED-ori.
• Ƙarfin kwarara bai kamata ya wuce ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin kwarara na DC na gaba (20mA ga duk launuka) ba.

8. Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

LED yana da saukin lalacewa ta hanyar zubar da lantarki ta electrostatic.

• Matakan Kariya:
  • Yi amfani da bandeji na hannu mai ɗaukar wutar lantarki ko safar hannu na hana wutar lantarki.
  • Tabbatar cewa duk na'urori, tashoshin aiki da kuma rumfunan ajiya suna da ƙasa daidai.
  • Yi amfani da na'urar samar da ions don daidaita cajin wutar lantarki akan ruwan tabarau na filastik.
• Horon ESD:Ma'aikatan da ke aiki a yankunan amincin wutar lantarki ya kamata su sami takaddun shaida na ESD.

9. Ƙa'idodin Tattarawa

The datasheet includes a dedicated section (6) for packaging specifications. This typically details:

• Carrier medium (e.g., tape and reel, tube, bulk).
• Quantity per reel/tube.
• Reel dimensions and orientation.
• Labeling information for traceability.

10. Bayanin Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

10.1 Typical Application Scenarios

Ideal for status indicators, power indicators, mode indicators, and backlighting in target markets (computer, communication, consumer, industrial). The right-angle form factor is particularly useful when the PCB is mounted perpendicular to the user's line of sight.

10.2 Design Considerations

• Current Limiting:Always use a series resistor. Use the formula R = (V_{Power Supply}- V_F) / I_FCalculate the resistance value. Use the maximum V from the datasheet to ensure that I does not exceed 20mA under worst-case conditions._Fvalue to ensure that I_Fdoes not exceed 20mA.
• Thermal Management:Consider PCB layout for heat dissipation, especially when operating at high ambient temperatures or near maximum current.
• Visual Design:The black housing improves contrast, but the viewing angle varies with different colors (red/yellow/green are wider, blue light is narrower). This must be considered in the mechanical design of the bezel or light guide tube.

11. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

• Tambaya: Shin zan iya sarrafa LED shuɗi kamar sauran LED, ta amfani da 20mA?
  Amsa: A'a, duk launuka ciki har da shuɗi, ana ƙayyadad da ƙarfin kwararar DC a 20mA.
• Tambaya: Me ya sa ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED shuɗi ya fi girma?
  Amsa: LED shuɗi yawanci ana yin su da kayan semiconductor na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride), wanda ke da tazara mafi faɗi fiye da na LED ja/rawaya/kore (kamar AlInGaP). Tazarar mafi faɗi tana buƙatar ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma don tada electrons da samar da photons.
• Tambaya: Me zai faru idan na haɗa LED a baya?
  Amsa: Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya zai iya haifar da babban ƙarfin kwararar baya (har zuwa 100 μA a 5V bisa yanayin gwaji) kuma yana iya lalata LED. Na'urar ba a ƙirƙira ta don aiki a baya ba. A kula da polarity koyaushe.
• Tambaya: Ta yaya zan tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin ƙirar LED da yawa?
  Amsa: Yi amfani da da'irar A da aka ba da shawara: Ka sanya kowane LED da nasa mai iyakancewar kwarara. Kada ka haɗa LED da yawa a kan guda ɗaya mai iyakancewar kwarara (da'irar B).

12. Working Principle

Diode mai haskakawa (LED) na'urar semiconductor ce da ke haskakawa ta hanyar lantarki. Lokacin da ake amfani da ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau akan haɗin p-n, electrons da ramuka suna haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Launin hasken da aka fitar (tsawon raƙuman ruwa) yana ƙayyadaddun makamashin tazarar band na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su. LTL-R42M12NH51 yana haɗa guntuwar semiconductor da yawa a cikin akwati guda don samar da launuka daban-daban (ja/rawaya/rawaya-kore/shudi). Kayan ruwan tabarau na yaduwa yana taimakawa wajen watsa haske, samar da tsarin kallo mai faɗi da daidaito.