Takardar Bayani na Fitilar LED Mai Launin Rai-Rai Mai Launin Kore - Mai Rike Kusa da Kusa - Girman 3.0mm Dia. - Ƙarfin Wuta 2.5V - Ƙarfin Wuta 52mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakkun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun fitilar LED mai alama da aka ɗora ta hanyar rami. Na'urar ta ƙunshi guntun LED na AlInGaP mai launin kore-rai-rai da ke cikin mai riƙe baƙi na filastik mai kusurwa dama, wanda ke da ruwan tabarau mai launin kore mai yaduwa. An tsara wannan tsari a matsayin Alamar Allon Kewaye (CBI), yana ba da sauƙin haɗawa da ingantaccen bambanci na gani a kan allon.

1.1 Siffofi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan ɓangaren sun haɗa da tsarinsa don sauƙaƙe haɗawar PCB, ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, ingantaccen aiki, da bin ka'idojin marasa gubar da RoHS. Gidan baƙin yana inganta bambanci sosai, yana sa alamar ta fi bayyana. An yi niyya ne don aikace-aikacen lantarki masu yawa, gami da na'urorin kwamfuta, na'urorin sadarwa, na'urorin amfani da masu amfani, da kayan aikin masana'antu.

2. Bincike na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Maɓallan ma'auni sun haɗa da matsakaicin ɓarnar wutar lantarki na 52mW, ci gaba da gaba na gaba (IF) na 20mA, da matsakaicin gaba na gaba na 60mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini. An ƙayyade kewayon zafin aiki daga -30°C zuwa +85°C. Matsakaicin raguwar ƙarfin gaba shine 0.27 mA/°C sama da zafin yanayi na 30°C. Zafin gyaɗa na gubar bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba har zuwa 5 seconds, tare da mafi ƙarancin nisa na 2.0mm daga jikin LED.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

An auna a daidaitaccen gwajin gwaji na IF=10mA da TA=25°C, na'urar tana nuna aikin yau da kullun. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da ƙimar yau da kullun na 19 mcd, tare da mafi ƙarancin 8.7 mcd da matsakaicin 50 mcd, an rarraba su zuwa takamaiman kwandon. Ƙarfin wutar gaba (VF) yawanci shine 2.5V, tare da matsakaicin 2.5V. Matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd) yawanci shine 569 nm, yana ayyana launin kore-rai-rai, tare da rabin faɗin bakan na 15 nm. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) shine faɗin digiri 100, siffa ta ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa.

3. Ƙayyadaddun Teburin Kwandon

An rarraba samfurin zuwa kwandon bisa maɓallan ma'auni na gani don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace-aikace.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken

An rarraba ƙarfin haske zuwa lambobin kwandon guda huɗu (L3, L2, L1, M1) tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙimar mafi ƙanƙanta da mafi girma daga 8.7 mcd zuwa 50 mcd a IF=10mA. An yi amfani da jurewar ±15% ga kowane iyakar kwandon.

3.2 Rarraba Matsakaicin Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa

Ana sarrafa launi ko launi ta hanyar kwandon tsayin raƙuman ruwa. Lambobin H06 zuwa H09 sun ƙunshi kewayon daga 566.0 nm zuwa 574.0 nm, tare da ƙaramin jurewar ±1 nm ga kowane iyakar kwandon, yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi.

4. Bincike na Lankwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman bayanan hoto a cikin takardar, lankwasan na yau da kullun don irin waɗannan na'urori za su kwatanta alaƙar da ke tsakanin gaba da ƙarfin haske, ƙarfin wutar gaba da zafin jiki, da rarraba ƙarfin bakan da ke kololuwa kusan 572 nm. Waɗannan lankwasan suna da mahimmanci ga masu zane don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban da kuma inganta da'irori don daidaitaccen aiki a cikin bambancin zafin jiki.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

5.1 Girman Bayani

Na'urar tana amfani da daidaitaccen fakitin LED na T-1 (diamita 3.0mm) da aka ɗora a cikin mai riƙe baƙi na filastik mai kusurwa dama. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da tazarar fil da nisa daga allon zuwa ruwan tabarau. Duk ƙayyadaddun girma suna ±0.25mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade su. Kayan mai riƙe an lura da shi a matsayin filastik baƙi.

5.2 Ƙayyadaddun Marufi

Ana samar da abubuwan akan reels na inci 13 don haɗawa ta atomatik. Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 350. Kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya an yi shi da baƙin gubar polystyrene alloy mai kauri na 0.50 mm ±0.06 mm. An ba da cikakkun bayanai na reel da girman kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya don dacewa da daidaitattun kayan aikin zaɓi da wuri.

6. Jagororin Gyaɗa da Haɗawa

6.1 Ajiya da Gudanarwa

Ya kamata a adana LEDs a cikin yanayi da bai wuce 30°C da 70% zafi ba. Idan an cire su daga ainihin marufi na hana danshi, ya kamata a yi amfani da su cikin watanni uku ko a adana su a cikin yanayi mai sarrafa bushewa (misali, tare da busassun abu ko nitrogen).

6.2 Siffar Jagora

Idan an buƙata, dole ne a lanƙwasa jagororin a wani wuri aƙalla 3mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau na LED. Karkatarwa ba dole ba ne ta yi amfani da jikin LED a matsayin fulcrum. Dole ne a yi wannan aikin a zafin daki kuma kafin aikin gyaɗa.

6.3 Tsarin Gyaɗa

An ba da cikakkun jagorori don duka gyaɗa da hannu da igiyar ruwa. Dole ne a kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa na 2mm tsakanin wurin gyaɗa da gindin ruwan tabarau/mai riƙe. Kada a taɓa nutsar da ruwan tabarau cikin gyaɗa.

• Gyaɗa da Hannu:Matsakaicin zafin ƙarfe 350°C ba fiye da seconds 3 ba kowace jagora.
• Gyaɗa da Igya:Yi pre-heat zuwa matsakaicin 120°C har zuwa seconds 100, sannan a bi shi da igiyar gyaɗa a matsakaicin 260°C ba fiye da seconds 5 ba.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

Ana ba da shawarar isopropyl barasa ko makamancin haka na tushen barasa don tsaftacewa idan ya cancanta.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Zane

7.1 Zanen Da'irar Turawa

LEDs na'urori ne masu turawa na yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske lokacin amfani da LEDs da yawa, ana ƙarfafa ba da shawarar yin amfani da resistor na iyakance yanzu na mutum ɗaya a jere tare da kowane LED (Samfurin Da'ira A). Haɗa LEDs kai tsaye a layi daya ba tare da resistors na mutum ɗaya ba (Samfurin Da'ira B) ba a ba da shawarar ba, saboda ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin halayen ƙarfin wutar gaba (Vf) na kowane LED zai haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin rabon yanzu, saboda haka, haske.

7.2 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

LED yana da saukin lalacewa daga zubar da wutar lantarki. Dole ne a aiwatar da ingantattun sarrafawa na ESD yayin gudanarwa da haɗawa. Wannan ya haɗa da amfani da bel ɗin wuyan hannu da aka kafa, tabarmi masu hana tashin hankali, tashoshin aiki da aka kafa, da ionizers don kawar da cajin tsaye wanda zai iya taruwa akan ruwan tabarau na filastik.

7.3 Yanayin Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

Wannan fitilar alama ta dace da aikace-aikace masu yawa da suka haɗa da alamomin yanayi akan allon uwa na kwamfuta ko na gefe, fitilun sigina a cikin kayan aikin sadarwa, alamomin wutar lantarki/aiki a cikin na'urorin amfani da masu amfani, da fitilun panel a cikin tsarin sarrafa masana'antu. Siffar kusurwa dama tana da amfani musamman lokacin da ake buƙatar ganin alama daga gaba ko gefen akwati yayin da aka ɗora shi a kai tsaye akan PCB.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da La'akari da Zane

Idan aka kwatanta da LEDs marasa yaduwa ko ƙunƙuntaccen kusurwar kallo, wannan na'urar tana ba da fitilar haske mai faɗi, mai laushi wanda ya dace da alamar yanayi. Mai riƙe baƙin yana ba da mafi girman bambanci a cikin yanayin haske mai haske da duhu. Dole ne masu zane su yi la'akari da ƙimar resistor na iyakance yanzu bisa ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ƙarfin gaba da ake so (yawanci 10-20mA), yayin da kuma su yi la'akari da ɓarnar wutar lantarki a cikin resistor. Gudanar da zafin jiki akan PCB gabaɗaya ba damuwa ba ne ga alama guda ɗaya a waɗannan matakan wutar lantarki, amma har yanzu tsarin ya kamata ya guji sanya abubuwan da ke haifar da zafi kusa da LED kai tsaye.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai kololuwa da tsayin raƙuman ruwa?

A: Tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai kololuwa (λP) shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa inda fitarwar bakan ta kasance mafi girma (572 nm na yau da kullun). Tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd) an samo shi ne daga fahimtar launi ta idon ɗan adam (jadawalin CIE) kuma shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya wanda ya fi wakiltar launin da ake gani (569 nm na yau da kullun). Don ma'anar launi, λd ya fi dacewa.

Q: Zan iya turawa wannan LED a 20mA akai-akai?

A: Ee, 20mA shine matsakaicin ƙimar ci gaba da DC na gaba. Duk da haka, don mafi tsawon rayuwa da aminci, yin aiki a ko ƙasa da gwajin gwaji na yau da kullun na 10mA yana da kyau idan buƙatun haske na aikace-aikacen sun ba da izini.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambar kwandon ƙarfin haske?

A> Lambar kwandon (misali, L2) da aka buga akan marufi yana nuna kewayon fitar da haske da aka garantiyar don wannan rukunin LEDs. Misali, kwandon L2 yana garantin Iv tsakanin 12.6 da 19 mcd a 10mA. Zaɓin takamaiman kwandon yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin haske a cikin raka'o'i da yawa a cikin samfurin ku.

10. Nazarin Shari'ar Zane na Aiki

Yi la'akari da zana alamar yanayi ta gaban panel don na'urar hanyar sadarwa. An ɗora PCB a tsaye a cikin akwatin. Yin amfani da wannan LED mai kusurwa dama yana ba shi damar gyaɗa kai tsaye akan PCB a tsaye, tare da ruwan tabarau yana nuni ta gefe ta taga a cikin akwati. Mai zane ya zaɓi resistor mai iyakance yanzu don samar da wutar lantarki 5V don cimma kusan 15mA na gaba, yana haifar da alama mai haske, bayyananne. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 100 yana tabbatar da ganin haske daga faɗin kewayon a gaban na'urar. Ruwan tabarau mai launin kore mai yaduwa yana ba da haske mai daɗi, mara kyalli wanda ya dace da yanayin cikin gida.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

Na'urar tana aiki akan ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki a gaba a kan guntun AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide), electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman abun da ke cikin kayan semiconductor yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda ke ayyana launin fitar da haske—a wannan yanayin, kore-rai-rai. Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai yaduwa yana watsa hasken, yana haifar da faɗin kusurwar kallo da mafi daidaito.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Amfani da kayan AlInGaP don LED ɗin amber, rawaya, da kore yana wakiltar fasaha mai girma kuma mai inganci. Ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin masana'antar LED mai faɗi yana mai da hankali kan ƙara inganci (lumens kowace watt), inganta yadda ake yin launi, da ba da damar ƙarin ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Don LED ɗin nau'in alama, trends sun haɗa da ƙarin ƙanƙanta, haɗakar resistors na gida ko ICs don sauƙaƙe turawa, da haɓaka mafi faɗin kusurwar kallo da mafi daidaiton launi ta hanyar ingantaccen rarrabawa da hanyoyin masana'antu. Fakitin rami mai kusurwa dama ya kasance sananne don ƙarfin injiniyarsa da sauƙin haɗawa da hannu ko atomatik a cikin samfuran lantarki iri-iri.