Takardar Bayanan Fasaha na LED 67-21 Series - Girman Kunshin 2.0x1.25x1.1mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 1.75-2.35V - Launi mai haske Orange - Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Jerin 67-21 yana wakiltar iyali na LED na Surface-mount Top View da aka tsara don aikace-aikacen nuna alama da hasken baya. Wannan bambance-bambancen na musamman yana da launin orange mai haske da ke fitowa daga guntu na AlGaInP. Na'urar tana cikin ƙaramin kunshin P-LCC-2 mai jiki fari da taga mai tsafta mara launi, wanda ke taimakawa wajen halayen kusurwar gani mai faɗi. Wani muhimmin fasalin ƙira shine haɗakar inter-reflector a cikin kunshin, wanda ke inganta ingancin haɗakar haske. Wannan ya sa LED ta dace musamman don amfani da bututun haske, wanda ake buƙata a cikin ƙirar na'urar lantarki na zamani. Ƙarancin buƙatun halin yanzu na gaba yana ƙara ƙarfafa sha'awar sa don kayan aikin tafi-da-gidanka masu amfani da baturi ko masu hankali ga wutar lantarki.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa

Babban fa'idodin wannan jerin LED sun haɗa da dacewarsa don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik, dacewa da dabarun gyaɗa na gama-gari (vapor-phase, infrared reflow, da wave soldering), da samun sa akan tef da reel don samarwa mai yawa. Samfurin ne mara gubar wanda ya dace da umarnin RoHS. Kasuwannin manufa sun bambanta, sun haɗa da cikin mota (misali, hasken baya na dashboard da maɓalli), kayan aikin sadarwa (misali, alamomi akan wayoyi da na'urorin faks), hasken maɓalli da alamomi gabaɗaya, hasken baya na LCD, da aikace-aikacen nuna alama na gabaɗaya inda ake buƙatar fitar haske mai dogaro, mai daidaito.

2. Bincike mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Aikin LED an ayyana shi ta cikin cikakken saiti na ma'auni na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi da aka auna a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayi (Ta=25°C).

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a nufin su don ci gaba da aiki ba. Manyan iyakoki sun haɗa da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (V_R) na 12V, halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 25mA, da kololuwar halin yanzu na gaba (I_FP) na 60mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki a 1kHz). Matsakaicin raguwar wutar lantarki (P_d) shine 60mW. An ƙididdige na'urar don aiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C kuma tana iya jurewa fitar da wutar lantarki (ESD) na 2000V (Samfurin Jikin Mutum). Bayanan yanayin zafin gyaɗa suna da mahimmanci: sake gyaɗa a 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10, ko gyaɗa da hannu a 350°C na matsakaicin dakika 3.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da na Gani

A ƙarƙashin daidaitaccen gwajin halin yanzu na 20mA, na'urar tana nuna aikin yau da kullun. Ƙarfin haske (I_V) ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 90 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 225 mcd. Kusurwar kallo (2θ_1/2), wanda aka ayyana shi azaman kusurwar da ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwar, yawanci digiri 120 ne, yana tabbatar da fitar da kusurwar faɗi. Tsayin tsayin tsayin tsayi (λ_d), wanda ke ayyana launin da ake gani, an ƙayyade shi tsakanin 600.5 nm da 612.5 nm don wannan bambance-bambancen orange mai haske, tare da madaidaicin tsayin tsayin tsayi (λ_p) kusan 611 nm. Faɗin bakan (Δλ) yana kusan 15 nm. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F) a 20mA ya bambanta daga 1.75V zuwa 2.35V, yayin da halin yanzu na baya (I_R) a 12V shine 10 μA matsakaici.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara bisa mahimman ma'auni.

3.1 Binning na Tsayin Tsayin Tsayi

Tsayin tsayin tsayi an rarraba shi zuwa ƙungiyoyi huɗu (Lambobin Bin D8, D9, D10, D11). Kowane kwandon shara yana ɗaukar kewayon 3nm, daga D8 (600.5-603.5nm) zuwa D11 (609.5-612.5nm). Ana amfani da jurewar ±1nm.

3.2 Binning na Ƙarfin Hasken

Ƙarfin haske an rarraba shi zuwa kwandon shara huɗu: Q2 (90-112 mcd), R1 (112-140 mcd), R2 (140-180 mcd), da S1 (180-225 mcd). An lura da jurewar ±11% don ƙarfi.

3.3 Binning na Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba

An raba ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba zuwa kwandon shara uku: 0 (1.75-1.95V), 1 (1.95-2.15V), da 2 (2.15-2.35V), tare da jurewar 0.1V.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanai tana ba da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke kwatanta halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi

Lanƙwasa ta nuna cewa ƙarfin haske ya dogara sosai akan zafin haɗuwa. An daidaita ƙarfi zuwa 100% a 25°C. Yayin da yanayin yanayi ya ƙaru, ƙarfin yana raguwa. Akasin haka, a ƙananan yanayin zafi, ƙarfin yana ƙaru. Wannan tasirin kashe zafi na yau da kullun ne don hanyoyin hasken semiconductor kuma dole ne a yi la'akari da shi a cikin ƙirar sarrafa zafi, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.

4.2 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Wannan jadawali yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi tsakanin halin yanzu da ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu. Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan lanƙwasa don zaɓar madaidaicin resistors masu iyakancewa halin yanzu don cimma haske da ake so yayin da suke tsayawa cikin iyakokin lantarki na na'urar.

4.3 Rarraba Bakan

Lanƙwasa rarraba ƙarfin bakan tana nuna kololuwa guda ɗaya a kusa da 611 nm, wanda ke da halayen LED na orange na tushen AlGaInP. Ƙananan bandwidth (kimanin 15nm FWHM) yana nuna kyakkyawan tsaftar launi.

4.4 Tsarin Tsarin Radiation

Zanen polar yana kwatanta rarraba sararin samaniya na haske. Tsarin yana kusan Lambertian, yana tabbatar da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120. Wannan bayanin fitarwa iri ɗaya yana da amfani ga aikace-aikacen bututun haske da hasken yanki mai faɗi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

LED yana da ƙaramin ƙafa. Matsakaicin girman kunshin shine 2.0mm tsawon, 1.25mm faɗi, da 1.1mm tsayi. Ruwan tabarau (taga) yana da diamita na 1.1mm. An ayyana filayen anode da cathode a sarari, tare da ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa don ƙirar PCB. Duk ƙididdiga da ba a bayyana ba suna ±0.1mm.

5.2 Gano Polarity

An yiwa cathode alama ta hanyar notch ko chamfer a kusurwa ɗaya na kunshin. Daidaitaccen jagorar polarity yana da mahimmanci yayin haɗawa don tabbatar da aikin da ya dace.

6. Jagororin Gyaɗa da Haɗawa

Na'urar ta dace da daidaitattun hanyoyin SMT. Don sake gyaɗa, bai kamata a wuce matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C fiye da dakika 10 ba. Don gyaɗa da hannu, zafin ƙarfen ƙarfe ya kamata a iyakance zuwa 350°C tare da lokacin tuntuɓar matsakaicin dakika 3 kowace jagora. Waɗannan iyakoki suna hana lalacewar zafi ga kunshin filastik da cikin mutuwa da haɗin waya.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

Ana ba da LED akan tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya na 8mm, tare da guda 2000 a kowace reel. Girman reel an daidaita shi don injunan zaɓe da sanyawa ta atomatik. Kunshin ya haɗa da matakan hana danshi: an rufe abubuwan a cikin jakar hana danshi na aluminum tare da desiccant da katin nuna danshi don karewa daga shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da \"popcorning\" yayin sake gyaɗa.

7.1 Bayanin Alamar

Alamar reel ta ƙunshi mahimman bayanai: Lambar Sashe (PN), Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki (CPN), adadi (QTY), lambar kuri'a (LOT NO), da takamaiman lambobin kwandon shara don Ƙarfin Hasken (CAT), Tsayin Tsayin Tsayi (HUE), da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (REF). Wannan yana ba da damar bin sawun daidai kuma yana tabbatar da amfani da madaidaicin matakin kayan a cikin samarwa.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Hasken Ciki na Mota:Ya dace don hasken baya na gumakan dashboard, maɓalli, da maɓalli saboda dogaronsa a cikin yanayin zafi mai faɗi (-40°C zuwa +85°C).
• Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani:Cikakke ne don alamomin matsayi akan na'urorin hanyar sadarwa, modem, caja, da kayan aikin sauti. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana tabbatar da ganuwa daga kusurwoyi daban-daban.
• Aikace-aikacen Bututun Hasken:Ingantaccen haɗakar haske daga inter-reflector ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai kyau don jagorantar haske ta hanyar bututun haske na filastik zuwa gaban allon ko nunin.
• Allunan Sarrafa Masana'antu:Ya dace don alamomin matsayin na'ura inda ake buƙatar sigina mai haske, mai haske.

8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin don iyakance halin yanzu na gaba. Lissafa ƙimar resistor bisa ƙarfin wutar lantarki (V_CC), ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED (V_Fdaga zaɓaɓɓen kwandon shara), da halin yanzu na aiki da ake so (I_F, kar a wuce 25mA ci gaba).
• Gudanar da Thermal:Duk da cewa raguwar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa, ci gaba da aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko manyan halin yanzu zai rage fitar haske kuma yana iya rage tsawon rayuwa. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko iska idan ya cancanta.
• Kariya ta ESD:Ko da yake an ƙididdige shi don 2000V HBM, yakamata a kiyaye matakan kula da ESD na yau da kullun yayin haɗawa da sarrafawa.
• Ƙirar Gani:Don aikace-aikacen bututun haske, nisa da daidaitawa tsakanin LED da ƙofar shigar bututun haske suna da mahimmanci don haɓaka ingancin haɗakar.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan kunshin LED, jerin 67-21 suna ba da fa'idodi daban-daban. Kunshin P-LCC-2 tare da inter-reflector yana ba da mafi girman cire haske da ƙarin sarrafa tsarin radiation fiye da na'urorin LED na asali. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 ya fi yawancin LED na kallon gefe ko kusurwa mai ƙunci, yana ba da ƙarin sassauƙan ƙira. Dacewarsa tare da duk manyan hanyoyin gyaɗa da kunshin tef-da-reel ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai dacewa da samarwa idan aka kwatanta da na'urori masu buƙatar kulawa ta musamman.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Wane ƙimar resistor yakamata in yi amfani da shi tare da samar da wutar lantarki 5V?

Yin amfani da matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_{F_max}= 2.35V) don tabbatar da isasshen halin yanzu a ƙarƙashin kowane yanayi, da kuma niyyar halin yanzu na aiki mai aminci na 20mA, lissafin shine: R = (V_CC- V_F) / I_F= (5V - 2.35V) / 0.020A = 132.5Ω. Daidaitaccen resistor na 130Ω ko 150Ω zai dace. Koyaushe tabbatar da haske tare da ainihin V_Fkwandon shara na abubuwan ku.

10.2 Me yasa ƙarfin haske ke raguwa a yanayin zafi mai girma?

Wannan ya samo asali ne daga ainihin ilimin kimiyyar lantarki na fitar da hasken semiconductor. Yayin da zafin haɗuwa ya tashi, hanyoyin sake haɗawa mara radiation (waɗanda ke haifar da zafi maimakon haske) suna ƙaruwa, kuma ingancin tsarin sake haɗawar radiation yana raguwa. Wannan al'amari, wanda aka sani da kashe zafi, yana da halayen duk LED kuma an rubuta shi a cikin lanƙwasa aiki.

10.3 Shin zan iya tuƙi wannan LED tare da siginar PWM don duhu?

Ee, Pulse-width modulation (PWM) hanya ce mai tasiri don duhu LED. Ya ƙunshi kunna LED da kashewa a mitar da ta isa ba za a iya gane shi ga idon mutum ba (yawanci >100Hz). Hashen da ake gani yana daidai da tsarin aiki. An fi son wannan hanyar fiye da duhu na halin yanzu na analog saboda yana kiyaye daidaiton launi a cikin matakan haske.

11. Ƙirar Aiki da Amfani na Aiki

Harka: Ƙirar Alamar Matsayi don Na'urar Tafi-da-gidanka

Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar kayan aikin hannu mai amfani da baturi. Ana buƙatar alamar matsayi mai haske, mara shakka (misali, \"wutar lantarki tana kunne\" ko \"caji\"). An zaɓi jerin 67-21 saboda ƙarancin buƙatun halin yanzu (tsawaita rayuwar baturi), faɗin kusurwar kallo (ana iya gani daga kowane kusurwar sarrafawa), da ƙaramin ƙafa. Mai ƙira ya zaɓi halin yanzu na tuƙi na 15mA (ƙasa da yanayin gwaji na 20mA) don ƙara kiyaye wutar lantarki, yana nuni ga lanƙwasa I-V da ƙarfi don hasashen sakamakon haske. An ƙera bututun haske don tura hasken daga LED da aka ɗora akan babban PCB zuwa ƙaramin taga akan murhun na'urar. An zaɓi launin orange mai haske don babban bambanci da ganuwa a sarari. BOM ya ƙayyade lambobin kwandon shara da ake buƙata (misali, HUE: D10, CAT: R1) don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin duk raka'o'in da aka kera.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Fitar haske a cikin wannan LED ya dogara ne akan ƙa'idar electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor. Yankin aiki ya ƙunshi Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide (AlGaInP). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlGaInP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yayi daidai da tsayin tsayin tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, a cikin bakan orange (~611 nm). Kunshin epoxy resin mara launi yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau, yana siffata fitar haske kuma yana ba da kariyar muhalli.

13. Trends na Masana'antu da Ci gaba

Trend a cikin LED na nuna alama yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci, ƙananan kunshin, da mafi girman haɗakarwa. Duk da yake keɓaɓɓun LED kamar jerin 67-21 sun kasance masu mahimmanci don sassauƙa, akwai ƙaruwar amfani da ƙirar LED na haɗe-haɗe tare da ingantattun direbobi da masu sarrafawa. Bugu da ƙari, ci gaban kimiyyar kayan yana iya haifar da ƙarin ingantattun masu fitar da orange da ja tare da mafi kyawun aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma. Bukatar dogaro, alamomin rayuwa mai tsawo a cikin aikace-aikacen mota da masana'antu yana tabbatar da dacewar ƙaƙƙarfan abubuwa, kamar wannan jerin. Ƙarfafa akan haɗawa ta atomatik da bin sawun sarkar wadata (wanda ke bayyane a cikin cikakken binning da lakabi) yana nuna faɗaɗa yanayin masana'antu.