Takardar Bayani na LTC-561JG LED Display - Tsayin Lamba 0.56-inch - AlInGaP Kore - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 2.6V - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTC-561JG wani na'ura ne mai nuni mai lamba uku mai sassa bakwai, mai inganci kuma mai ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki. Babban aikinsa shine a cikin na'urori da ke buƙatar nuni mai haske da bayyananne kamar kayan gwaji, na'urorin sarrafa masana'antu, kayan aikin ma'auni, da na'urorin lantarki na gida. Babban fa'idar wannan na'urar ta ta'allaka ne a cikin amfani da fasahar AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) mai ci gaba don guntu na LED, wanda ke ba da ingantaccen ingancin haske da tsaftar launi idan aka kwatanta da kayan gargajiya.

Nunin yana da tsayin lamba na 0.56 inches (14.2 mm), yana ba da ingantaccen karantawa. An ƙera shi azaman tsarin haɗin anode gama gari (multiplex common anode), wanda ke sauƙaƙa da'irar tuƙi lokacin haɗawa da microcontroller ko na'urorin tuƙa nuni. Babban manufar ƙira shine samun ingantaccen aiki a ƙananan ƙwayoyin tuƙi, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ake amfani da baturi ko masu kula da makamashi. Sassa suna ci gaba kuma iri ɗaya ne, kuma an rarraba na'urar don ƙarfin haske don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukunin samarwa.

2. Cikakken Bayani na Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hoto da na Gani

Aikin gani shine jigon aikin wannan nuni. A daidaitaccen gwajin ƙwayar 1mA a kowane sashe, matsakaicin ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da ƙimar al'ada na 577 µcd, tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙayyadaddun ƙimar 200 µcd. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa nuni yana da isasshen haske don yawancin yanayin hasken cikin gida. Fitowar haske tana da tsayin raƙuman raƙuman ruwa (λp) na 571 nm da tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd) na 572 nm, wanda ya sanya shi a cikin yankin kore mai tsafta na bakan gani. Rabin faɗin layin bakan (Δλ) shine 15 nm, yana nuna ƙuntataccen fitar launi mai kyau.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki

Ma'auni na lantarki suna ayyana iyakokin aiki da buƙatun wutar lantarki. Matsakaicin ƙididdiga na cikakke yana ba da iyakoki don aiki mai aminci: matsakaicin ɓarnar wutar lantarki na 70 mW a kowane sashe, matsakaicin ƙwayar gaba na 60 mA (a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin 1/10), da ci gaba da ƙwayar gaba na 25 mA a 25°C, yana raguwa da layi ta 0.33 mA/°C sama da wannan zafin jiki. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya a kowane sashe shine 5V.

A ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na al'ada (Ta=25°C), ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) a kowane sashe shine 2.6V a ƙwayar tuƙi na 20mA. Wani muhimmin siffa da aka haskaka a cikin takardar bayani shine kyawawan halaye na ƙananan ƙwayoyin na'urar; ana gwadawa da zaɓa don yin aiki mai kyau tare da ƙwayar tuƙi mai ƙarancin 1mA a kowane sashe, wanda ke rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki na tsarin gaba ɗaya. An ƙayyade ƙwayar baya (Ir) a matsakaicin 100 µA a cikakken 5V na baya.

2.3 Ƙayyadaddun Zafin Jiki da Muhalli

An ƙididdige na'urar don kewayon zafin jiki na aiki daga -35°C zuwa +105°C da kuma irin wannan kewayon zafin ajiya. Wannan faɗin kewayon ya sa ya dace don amfani a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, daga firijin masana'antu zuwa kayan aiki kusa da tushen zafi. Takardar bayani kuma tana ba da takamaiman jagorar soldering: ana iya sanya kayan aikin zuwa soldering na igiyar ruwa ko sake karkatarwa tare da zafin jiki a 1/16 inch (kusan 1.6 mm) ƙasa da matakin wurin zama bai wuce 260°C na dakika 3 ba. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don haɗin PCB don hana lalacewar zafi ga guntu na LED ko kunshin filastik.

3. Tsarin Rarrabawa da Daidaitawa

An rarraba LTC-561JG don ƙarfin haske. Wannan yana nufin ana gwada raka'o'i kuma a raba su cikin kwandon shara dangane da ƙimar hasken da aka auna a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji (yawanci 1mA). Wannan tsarin rarrabawa yana tabbatar da cewa masu ƙira suna karɓar nunin da ke da matakan haske masu daidaito, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga nunin lambobi da yawa ko samfuran da ake amfani da raka'o'i da yawa a gefe. Takardar bayani ta ƙayyade ma'aunin daidaitawar ƙarfin haske (don yanki mai kama da haske) na 2:1 matsakaici. Wannan ma'auni yana ayyana yiwuwar bambanci a cikin haske tsakanin sassan na'ura guda ɗaya, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani a duk lambar da aka nuna.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwan Aiki

Duk da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani game da takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, lanƙwan na al'ada don irin wannan na'urar zai haɗa da:

• Ƙwayar Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lanƙwan I-V):Wannan lanƙwan yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta dace ba tsakanin ƙwayar da ke ratsa LED da ƙarfin lantarki a cikinta. Yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance ƙwayar.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Ƙwayar Gaba:Wannan jadawali yana nuna yadda haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙwayar tuƙi. Yawanci yana ƙasa da layi, ma'ana inganci yana raguwa a manyan ƙwayoyi.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Zafin Yanayi:Wannan lanƙwan yana nuna raguwar zafin jiki na fitar haske. Yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru, ingancin haske gabaɗaya yana raguwa.
• Rarraba Bakan:Jadawali na matsakaicin ƙarfi dangane da tsayin raƙuman ruwa, yana nuna ƙuntataccen kololuwa a kusa da 571-572 nm.

Waɗannan lanƙwan suna ba wa injiniyoci damar haɓaka yanayin tuƙi don takamaiman aikace-aikace, daidaita haske, amfani da wutar lantarki, da tsawon rayuwar na'urar.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Jiki

Kunshin shine nau'in rami ta hanyar gama gari. An ba da duk mahimman girma a cikin milimita. Matsakaicin juzu'i don yawancin girma shine ±0.25 mm, yana tabbatar da dacewa da tsarin PCB na al'ada da soket. Wani takamaiman bayanin kula ya ambaci matsakaicin juzu'in canjin ƙugiya na +0.4 mm, wanda ke da mahimmanci don na'urar shigar da kai ta atomatik.

5.2 Pinout da Da'irar Ciki

Na'urar tana da tsarin ƙugiya 12. Jadawalin da'irar ciki yana nuna cewa nuni ne na anode gama gari da aka haɗa (multiplexed). Lambobi uku suna raba cathode na sassansu, kuma kowane lamba yana da nasa ƙugiyar anode gama gari (ƙugiyoyi 12, 9, da 8 don Lamba 1, 2, da 3 bi da bi). Wannan yana ba da damar microcontroller don haskaka lamba ɗaya a lokaci guda ta kunna anodensa da kuma zubar da ƙwayar ta hanyar ƙugiyoyin cathode na sashe masu dacewa. Haɗin ƙugiya shine: 1:E, 2:D, 3:DP (Matsakaici na Decimal), 4:C, 5:G, 6:NC (Babu Haɗi), 7:B, 8:Anode Lamba 3, 9:Anode Lamba 2, 10:F, 11:A, 12:Anode Lamba 1.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin ƙayyadaddun zafin jiki, matsakaicin zafin jiki na soldering da aka yarda shine 260°C na dakika 3, wanda aka auna 1.6mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama. Yana da mahimmanci a bi wannan don hana kunshin filastik daga karkace ko haɗin waya na ciki daga gazawa. Don soldering sake karkatarwa, ana ba da shawarar bayanin martaba tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki ƙasa da 260°C da ƙayyadadden lokaci sama da ruwa. Don soldering na hannu, ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafin jiki tare da ƙaramin lokacin tuntuɓar. Ya kamata a adana na'urar a cikin jakar hana danshi ta asali har sai an yi amfani da ita don hana shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da "popcorning" yayin sake karkatarwa.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

7.1 Da'irorin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Ƙirar anode gama gari da aka haɗa tana buƙatar da'irar tuƙi. Wannan yawanci ya haɗa da amfani da microcontroller tare da isassun ƙugiyoyin I/O ko takamaiman IC mai tuƙa nuni na LED (kamar MAX7219 ko TM1637). Direban zai bi da bi kunna anode na kowane lamba (ta hanyar sauya transistor) yayin da yake fitar da tsarin sassan da ya kamata a haskaka akan wannan lambar. Ana buƙatar resistor mai iyakancewa a jere tare da kowane layin cathode na sashe (ko an gina shi a cikin direban IC). Ƙimar wannan resistor ana ƙididdige ta dangane da ƙwayar sashe da ake so da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED. Misali, tare da wadata 5V da ƙwayar da ake so na 5mA: R = (Vcc - Vf) / I = (5V - 2.6V) / 0.005A = 480Ω (za a yi amfani da resistor na al'ada na 470Ω).

7.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

• Ƙimar Sabuntawa:Lokacin haɗawa, dole ne ƙimar sabuntawa ta yi yawa sosai (yawanci >60 Hz) don guje wa flicker da ake iya gani.
• Iyakance Ƙwayar:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistors masu iyakancewa ƙwayar. Tuƙa LED kai tsaye daga ƙugiyar microcontroller na iya lalata LED da microcontroller.
• Tsarin Wutar Lantarki:Kauce wa amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya ko wuce matsakaicin ƙididdiga na cikakke.
• Kusurwar Kallo:Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana da fa'ida, amma har yanzu ya kamata a yi la'akari da matsayin hawa dangane da layin gani na al'ada na mai amfani.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Fa'idodi

Babban abin da ya bambanta LTC-561JG shine amfani da fasahar AlInGaP don fitar kore. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaP (Gallium Phosphide), AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen ingancin haske sosai, yana haifar da nunin da ya fi haske don irin wannan ƙwayar, ko daidaitaccen haske a ƙananan wutar lantarki. "Bukatar ƙarancin wutar lantarki" da ikon aiki har zuwa 1mA a kowane sashe sakamakon fa'idar wannan kayan ne. Bugu da ƙari, ginin "fuskar launin toka da fararen sassa" yana haɓaka ma'aunin bambanci, yana sa sassan kore masu haske su fito fili a kan bango, musamman a cikin yanayin haske mai yawa.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Menene mafi ƙarancin ƙwayar da ake buƙata don ganin nuni da ake iya gani?

A: An siffanta na'urar har zuwa 1mA a kowane sashe, wanda zai samar da fitarwa da ake iya gani (mafi ƙarancin 200 µcd). Don aikace-aikacen ƙarancin wutar lantarki, ana iya amfani da ƙwayoyi a cikin kewayon 1-2mA.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan nuni tare da microcontroller 3.3V?

A: I. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba shine 2.6V. Tare da wadata 3.3V, akwai 0.7V a kan resistor mai iyakancewa ƙwayar, wanda ya isa don daidaita ƙwayar a ƙananan zuwa matsakaicin ƙwayoyi (misali, 5-10mA).

Q: Me ya sa akwai ƙugiya "Babu Haɗi" (Ƙugiya 6)?

A> Wannan ya zama ruwan dare a cikin kunshin nuni don kiyaye ƙidayar ƙugiya da alamar ƙafa a duk nau'ikan samfuran daban-daban (misali, tare da ko ba tare da maki goma sha ɗaya ba, launuka daban-daban). Yana ba da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya amma bai kamata a haɗa shi da lantarki ba.

Q: Ta yaya zan sami daidaitaccen haske a duk lambobi uku?

A> A cikin aikin haɗawa, tabbatar da cewa lokacin kunna (aikin aiki) yana daidai ga kowane lamba. Hakanan, yi amfani da bayanan rarrabawar ƙarfin haske; ƙayyadaddun ƙuntataccen kwandon daga mai siyar da ku yana taimakawa.

10. Nazarin Lamarin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Nunin Multimeter Mai ɗaukuwa

Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar multimeter na lamba na hannu. Manyan buƙatun sune: aikin baturi (9V), bayyananniyar karantawa a waje/cikin gida, da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki don tsawaita rayuwar baturi. LTC-561JG shine ɗan takara mai kyau. Mai ƙira ya zaɓi tuƙa kowane sashe a 2mA. Ta amfani da direban IC mai haɗawa wanda aka kunna daga baturin 9V (an rage shi zuwa 5V don dabaru), ana iya ƙididdige matsakaicin ƙwayar da aka zana don nuni "888" mai cikakken haske. Tare da lambobi 3 * sassa 7 = sassa 21 masu haske, amma saboda haɗawa, lamba ɗaya ne kawai ke kunne a lokaci guda. Matsakaicin ƙwayar kowane lamba shine sassa 7 * 2mA = 14mA. Tare da aikin aiki na 1/3, matsakaicin ƙwayar shine ~4.7mA. Ƙara ƙwayar hutawa ga direban, jimlar yana ƙasa da 10mA, yana ba da damar aiki na ɗaruruwan sa'o'i akan daidaitaccen baturi 9V. Babban haske da bambanci suna tabbatar da karantawa a cikin yanayin haske daban-daban.

11. Ƙa'idar Aiki

Na'urar tana aiki akan ƙa'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin p-n semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin kunna diode (kusan 2.05V don wannan na'urar AlInGaP), electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki. A cikin AlInGaP, wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi da farko a cikin nau'in photons a cikin kewayon tsayin raƙuman ruwa na kore (kusan 572 nm). Kowane ɗayan sassa bakwai (A zuwa G) da maƙasudin goma sha ɗaya (DP) ya ƙunshi ɗaya ko fiye da waɗannan guntu na LED. A cikin tsarin anode gama gari, duk anodes na LED na takamaiman lamba an haɗa su tare a ciki. Don haskaka sashe, an haɗa cathoden sa zuwa ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki (ƙasa ta hanyar resistor) yayin da anode gama gari na lambarsa ke haɗawa da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai kyau.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Duk da yake nunin sassa bakwai ya kasance ko'ina don karatun lamba, fasahar LED ta ƙasa tana ci gaba da haɓaka. AlInGaP yana wakiltar tsarin kayan balagagge kuma mai inganci sosai don LED ja, orange, amber, da kore. Trends na yanzu a cikin fasahar nuni sun haɗa da canzawa zuwa micro-LED na tushen silicon gaba ɗaya da ƙarin ƙanƙanta. Koyaya, don nunin lamba mai matsakaicin girma ta hanyar rami, AlInGaP yana ba da daidaitaccen ma'auni na aiki, aminci, da farashi. Yarjejeniyar zuwa ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki a cikin duk na'urorin lantarki ta dace daidai da ikon wannan nuni na yin aiki a ƙananan ƙwayoyi. Bugu da ƙari, bin ka'idojin RoHS (kunshin mara gubar) da aka ambata a cikin takardar bayani yana nuna motsin masana'antu gaba ɗaya zuwa hanyoyin masana'antu masu dacewa da muhalli.