LTST-C170KRKT Janar LED Datasheet - AlInGaP Mai Haske Sosai - 20mA - 2.4V - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na babban LED mai hawa sama wanda ke amfani da fasahar AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) chip. Babban aikace-aikacensa shine a cikin kayan aikin lantarki da ke buƙatar ingantaccen tushen haske mai jan haske. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da bin ka'idojin muhalli, babban ƙarfin haske, da dacewa da tsarin haɗawa da gini na atomatik na zamani.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsayin Madaidaici

An ƙera na'urar don yin aiki a cikin ƙayyadaddun iyakokin muhalli da na lantarki don tabbatar da dogon lokacin aminci. Matsakaicin ci gaba na yanzu an ƙididdige shi a 30 mA a yanayin zafi (Ta) na 25°C. Bayan 50°C, dole ne a rage yawan DC na yanzu daidai gwargwado a cikin 0.4 mA a kowace digiri Celsius na haɓakar zafin jiki. Matsakaicin raguwar wutar lantarki shine 75 mW. Na'urar na iya jure ƙarfin juyawa har zuwa 5 V. An ƙayyade kewayon zafin aiki da ajiya daga -55°C zuwa +85°C, wanda ya sa ya dace da yanayi iri-iri.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na'urar Gani

Ana auna ma'auni na aiki a yanayin gwaji na Ta=25°C da ƙarfin gaba (IF) na 20 mA. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da ƙimar al'ada na 54.0 millicandelas (mcd), tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙimar da aka ƙayyade na 18.0 mcd. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2), wanda aka ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar axis, shine digiri 130, yana ba da faɗin filin haske. Tsawon tsayin da ya fi girma (λd), wanda ke ayyana launin da ake gani, shine 631 nm, yana sanya shi a cikin bakan jan haske. Ƙarfin gaba (Vf) yawanci yana auna 2.4 V tare da matsakaicin 2.4 V a 20 mA. Juyawar yanzu (Ir) an iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin 10 μA a cikin cikakken 5 V na juyawa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace-aikace, ana rarraba fitowar haske na waɗannan LED ɗin zuwa takamaiman kwandon ƙarfi. Binning ya dogara ne akan ƙarfin haske da aka auna a 20 mA. Lambobin kwandon da ake samu sune: M (18.0-28.0 mcd), N (28.0-45.0 mcd), P (45.0-71.0 mcd), Q (71.0-112.0 mcd), da R (112.0-180.0 mcd). Ana amfani da juzu'i na +/-15% ga kowane kwandon ƙarfi. Wannan tsarin yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun haske don aikace-aikacensu, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani a cikin samfuran da ke amfani da LED ɗin da yawa.

4. Bincike na Lankwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman bayanan hoto a cikin takardar bayanai (misali, Hoto na 1 don fitar da bakan, Hoto na 6 don kusurwar kallo), bayanan tebur da aka bayar yana ba da damar bincike mai mahimmanci. Dangantakar tsakanin ƙarfin gaba da ƙarfin haske yawanci tana da ƙarfi ga LED ɗin AlInGaP, ma'ana haske yana ƙaruwa fiye da daidai gwargwado tare da yanzu har zuwa wani lokaci. Ƙarfin gaba yana nuna alaƙar logarithmic tare da yanzu. Ramin rabin bakan na 20 nm yana nuna cikakken jan launi mai tsafta. Aiki zai bambanta da yanayin zafin muhalli; ƙarfin haske gabaɗaya yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru, yayin da ƙarfin gaba ya ragu kaɗan.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

LED ɗin yana cikin daidaitaccen marufi mai hawa sama wanda ya dace da EIA. Cikakkun zane-zane masu girma suna ƙayyadad da daidaitaccen tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, da matsayin jagora. Ruwan tabarau yana da tsafta, wanda ke haɓaka fitowar haske ta hanyar rage sha na ciki. Ana samar da kayan aikin akan tef ɗin mai faɗi 8mm, wanda aka nannade akan reels masu diamita 7-inch, wanda shine ma'auni don kayan aikin haɗawa da zaɓi na atomatik. Ƙayyadaddun tef da reel sun bin ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994, yana tabbatar da dacewa da masu ciyarwa na masana'antu.

6. Jagororin Gini da Haɗawa

6.1 Gini da Juyawa

Na'urar ta dace da tsarin gini na juyawa na infrared (IR) da na tururi, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don haɗin PCB mai yawa. An ba da shawarar bayanin martaba na juyawa don gini mara gubar (Pb-free). Manyan sigogi sun haɗa da yankin pre-heat har zuwa 150-200°C, matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin sama da 260°C an iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin dakika 10. LED ɗin na iya jure wannan zagayowar juyawa har sau biyu kawai.

6.2 Gini da Hannu & Ajiya

Idan ana buƙatar gini da hannu tare da ƙarfe, dole ne zafin ƙarshen bai wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa dakika 3 a kowane fakitin, sau ɗaya kawai. Don ajiya, ya kamata a ajiye LED ɗin a cikin yanayi wanda bai wuce 30°C da 70% zafi ba. Abubuwan da aka cire daga ainihin marufin shinge na danshi ya kamata a sake juyawa a cikin sa'o'i 672 (kwanaki 28). Idan ajiyar ya wuce wannan lokacin, ana ba da shawarar tsarin gasa a kusan 60°C na tsawon awanni 24 kafin haɗawa don cire danshin da aka sha da kuma hana "popcorning" yayin juyawa.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan gini, kawai dole ne a yi amfani da takamaiman abubuwan narkewa na barasa kamar ethyl alcohol ko isopropyl alcohol. Ya kamata a nutsar da LED a yanayin zafi na al'ada na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Amfani da masu tsaftacewa na sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata kayan marufi na filastik.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

Daidaitaccen marufi shine reel 7-inch wanda ya ƙunshi guda 3000. Don adadin da bai kai cikakken reel ba, ana samun mafi ƙarancin fakitin guda 500 don sauran adadin. Tsarin tef yana tabbatar da cewa abubuwan suna daidaitaccen yanayi da tazara. Ƙayyadaddun marufi sun lura cewa an rufe fanko a cikin tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya tare da tef ɗin murfi, kuma an ba da izinin mafi yawan abubuwan da suka ɓace guda biyu a jere, waɗanda su ne tabbataccen inganci don sarrafa atomatik.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuƙi

LED ɗin na'urori ne masu tuƙi na yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske lokacin tuƙi da yawa LED a layi daya, ana ba da shawarar sosai don amfani da resistor na iyakance yanzu na kowane LED a jere (Samfurin Da'irar A). Ba a ba da shawarar tuƙi LED kai tsaye a layi daya ba tare da resistors ɗin kowane ɗaya ba (Samfurin Da'irar B), saboda ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin halayen ƙarfin gaba (Vf) daga LED ɗaya zuwa wani na iya haifar da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin rabon yanzu da, saboda haka, haske.

8.2 Kariya daga Zubar da Lantarki (ESD)

Wannan ɓangaren yana da hankali ga zubar da lantarki. Dole ne a aiwatar da ingantattun matakan sarrafa ESD yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da amfani da bel ɗin wuyan hannu da saman aiki, safar hannu masu hana tsaye, da ionizers don kawar da cajin tsaye wanda zai iya taruwa akan ruwan tabarau na filastik. Lalacewar ESD na iya bayyana azaman babban yawan zubar da juyawa, ƙarancin ƙarfin gaba mara kyau, ko gazawar haskakawa a ƙananan yanayi. Gwaji mai sauƙi don lalacewar ESD shine don bincika haskakawa da ƙarfin gaba wanda ya fi 1.4V a ƙananan gwajin yanzu na 0.1mA.

8.3 Iyakar Aikace-aikace da Gargadi

Wannan LED an yi niyya ne don amfani da shi a cikin kayan aikin lantarki na yau da kullun kamar kayan aikin ofis, na'urorin sadarwa, da kayan aikin gida. Ba a ƙirƙira shi ko cancanta don aikace-aikacen aminci masu mahimmanci inda gazawar zai iya haifar da rayuwa ko lafiya (misali, jirgin sama, tallafin rayuwa na likita, tsarin amincin sufuri). Don irin waɗannan aikace-aikace, dole ne a samo abubuwan da suka dace da cancantar aminci.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP shine babban bambance-bambance. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaP na al'ada, LED ɗin AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen inganci mai haske sosai, yana haifar da fitowar haske mai haske sosai don irin wannan yanzu. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 yana da fa'ida ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar faɗin gani. Dacewa da zafin jiki mai zafi, bayanan martaba na juyawa mara gubar ya sa ya zama ɓangaren zamani wanda ya dace da layukan masana'antu masu bin ka'idojin RoHS. Tsarin binning da aka ayyana yana ba da matakin daidaiton haske wanda ke da mahimmanci ga nuni da yawa na LED da allunan nuni.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayin kololuwa da tsayin tsayin da ya fi girma?

A: Tsayin tsayin kololuwa (λP) shine tsayin tsayin guda ɗaya wanda fitowar ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma (639 nm na al'ada). Tsayin tsayin da ya fi girma (λd) an samo shi ne daga ginshiƙin launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsayin tsayin guda ɗaya wanda ya fi dacewa da launin hasken da ake gani (631 nm). Tsayin tsayin da ya fi girma ya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.

Q: Zan iya tuƙi wannan LED a matsakaicin DC na 30mA na yau da kullun?

A: Ee, amma kawai idan yanayin zafin muhalli yana ko ƙasa da 25°C. A manyan yanayin zafin muhalli, dole ne a rage yanzu bisa ga ƙimar ragewa na 0.4 mA/°C sama da 50°C don guje wa wuce gona da iri na matsakaicin zafin jiki da kuma lalata aminci.

Q: Me ya sa ake ba da shawarar resistor na jere na kowane LED a layi daya?

A: Ƙarfin gaba (Vf) na LED yana da juzu'i na samarwa. Ba tare da resistors ɗin kowane ɗaya ba, LED ɗin da ke da ƙaramin Vf kaɗan zai ja yanzu da yawa, ya zama mai haske kuma yana iya yin zafi sosai, yayin da waɗanda ke da babban Vf za su yi duhu. Resistor yana aiki azaman mai sarrafa yanzu mai sauƙi ga kowane LED.

11. Misalai na Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Misali na 1: Allon Nuna Matsayi:Allon sarrafawa yana buƙatar alamun matsayi goma masu jan haske iri ɗaya. Mai zane yana zaɓar LED ɗin daga kwandon ƙarfi iri ɗaya (misali, Bin P) don tabbatar da daidaiton gani. Kowane LED ana tuƙa shi ta hanyar samar da wutar lantarki 5V ta hanyar resistor na jere. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor kamar R = (Vsupply - Vf_LED) / I_LED. Ta amfani da Vf na al'ada na 2.4V da manufar yanzu na 20mA, R = (5 - 2.4) / 0.02 = 130 Ohms. Za a yi amfani da resistor na al'ada na 130Ω ko 150Ω don kowane LED da kansa.

Misali na 2: Yanayin Zafi Mai Zafi:Ana buƙatar LED a cikin akwati inda aka auna yanayin zafin muhalli na gida kusa da PCB ya kai 70°C. Dole ne a rage matsakaicin DC na yanzu da aka ba da izini. Ragewa yana farawa a 50°C. Haɓakar zafin jiki sama da 50°C shine 70°C - 50°C = 20°C. Rage yanzu = 20°C * 0.4 mA/°C = 8 mA. Saboda haka, matsakaicin yanzu na aminci na yau da kullun a 70°C yanayin muhalli shine 30 mA - 8 mA = 22 mA. Ya kamata a ƙera da'irar tuƙi don kada ta wuce wannan yanzu.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Fitowar haske a cikin wannan LED ya dogara ne akan ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin p-n semiconductor da aka yi da kayan AlInGaP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. Makamashin da aka saki yayin wannan sake haɗuwa ana fitar da shi ta hanyar photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na Aluminum, Indium, Gallium, da Phosphide a cikin lattice crystal yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana ayyana tsayin tsayin (launi) na fitowar haske—a wannan yanayin, ja. Ruwan tabarau na epoxy yana rufe guntu, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, da kuma siffar tsarin fitowar haske.

13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

Fasahar AlInGaP tana wakiltar cikakkiyar mafita mai inganci ga jan, orange, da rawaya LED. Ci gabanta ya kasance babban mataki na gaba daga tsofaffin fasahohi, yana ba da ingantaccen haske da inganci. Trends na yanzu a cikin LED ɗin nuna suna mayar da hankali ne kan ƙara inganci (lumens a kowace watt) ƙari, yana ba da damar rage amfani da wutar lantarki da rage samar da zafi. Hakanan akwai yunƙurin ƙananan marufi yayin da ake kiyayewa ko ƙara fitowar haske. Bugu da ƙari, masana'antu na ci gaba da jaddada dacewa da tsarin haɗawa mai tsanani (kamar juyawa mara gubar mai zafi) da ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatun aminci don aikace-aikacen mota da na masana'antu, wuraren da ake amfani da abubuwa kamar wannan.