Bayanin Fasaha na LED na SMD LTST-C191KSKT-5A - Tsayin 0.55mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 2.0V - Launi Rawaya - Ragewar Wutar 75mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfurin Gabaɗaya

LTST-C191KSKT-5A LED ne na SMD wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani masu ƙarancin sarari. Matsayinsa na farko shi ne a matsayin mai nuna haske mai ƙarfi, ko kuma tushen haske na baya. Babban fa'idar wannan kayan aiki shine tsayinsa mai ƙasƙanci wanda ya kai 0.55mm kawai, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikace inda tsayin daka yake da muhimmanci, kamar a cikin na'urorin lantarki masu siriri, na'urorin sawa, da kuma allunan nuni na ci-gaba.

Kasuwarsa ta haɗa da masu kera kayan aikin ofis, na'urorin sadarwa, da kayan aikin gida waɗanda ke buƙatar masu nuna yanayi masu aminci, masu haske, da ƙanƙanta. Samfurin ya bi ka'idojin RoHS, yana tabbatar da cewa ya cika ka'idojin muhalli na duniya game da hana abubuwa masu haɗari. Ana jera shi a kan tef mai nisan milimita 8 a kan reels masu diamita inci 7, wanda ya sa ya dace da layukan haɗawa ta atomatik masu sauri, wanda ke da muhimmanci ga ingantaccen samarwa mai yawa.

2. Fahimtar Ma'anar Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Haskakawa da na Gani

LED yana amfani da guntun AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide), wanda aka sani da samar da hasken rawaya mai inganci. A daidai gwargwadon ƙarfin gwaji (IF) na 5mA da kuma yanayin zafi (Ta) na 25°C, ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana tsakanin mafi ƙanƙanta 11.2 millicandelas (mcd) zuwa mafi girma 45.0 mcd, tare da ƙimar da aka bayar don tunani. Wannan faɗin kewayon ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar tsarin rarrabawa (daki-daki daga baya). Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) an ƙayyade shi a matsayin digiri 130, yana nuna tsarin fitar da haske mai faɗi wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haskakawa ko ganuwa daga kusurwoyi masu faɗi.

Matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd), wanda ke ayyana launin da ake gani, yana tsakanin 587.0 nm da 594.5 nm a 5mA, yana sanya shi a cikin bakan rawaya. Matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λp) yawanci 588 nm ne. Ramin rabin faɗin bakan (Δλ) yana kusan 15 nm, yana nuna fitar da launi mai tsafta tare da ƙaramin yaduwar bakan.

2.2 Sigogi na Lantarki

Ƙarfin wutar gaba (VF) a 5mA yawanci 2.00V ne, tare da izinin kewayon daga 1.70V zuwa 2.30V. Wannan sigogi yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira don tabbatar da iyakancewar halin yanzu daidai. Matsakaicin ƙarfin halin yanzu na DC shine 30 mA, amma don aiki mai dogon lokaci mai aminci, tuƙi a ko ƙasa da yanayin gwaji na 5mA shine ma'auni. Ana ba da izinin ƙarfin halin yanzu na kololuwa na 80 mA a ƙarƙashin yanayi na bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms). Ƙimar ƙarfin wutar baya shine 5V, wannan shine matakin kariya na ma'auni akan kuskuren juyawa. Na'urar tana da ƙaramin ƙarfin halin yanzu na baya (IR) na 10 μA mafi girma a 5V juyawar baya da kuma ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki (C) na 40 pF a 0V da 1MHz.

2.3 Halayen Zafi da Wuta

Matsakaicin ragewar wutar an ƙididdige shi a 75 mW. Wannan sigogi yana ayyana jimillar ƙarfin wutar lantarki (VF * IF) wanda za'a iya canzawa zuwa haske da zafi ba tare da lalata na'urar ba. Bayanin yana ƙayyade ma'aunin rage ƙarfin halin yanzu na gaba na 0.4 mA/°C, farawa daga 50°C. Wannan yana nufin cewa ga kowane digiri Celsius sama da 50°C, dole ne a rage matsakaicin ƙarfin halin yanzu na ci gaba da 0.4 mA don hana yin zafi da yawa da kuma tabbatar da dogon rayuwa. Yanayin aiki da adanawa yana daga -55°C zuwa +85°C, yana nuna ingantaccen aiki a cikin kewayon muhalli mai faɗi.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa rukunoni bisa mahimman sigogi. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikace don daidaiton launi da haske.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba

An rarraba ƙarfin wutar gaba zuwa lambobi uku: E2 (1.70V - 1.90V), E3 (1.90V - 2.10V), da E4 (2.10V - 2.30V). Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.1V ga kowane rukunin. Zaɓin LED daga rukunin wutar lantarki ɗaya yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye daidaiton haske lokacin da ake tuƙa LED ɗin da yawa a layi ɗaya daga tushen wutar lantarki guda ɗaya.

3.2 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Haskakawa

An rarraba ƙarfin haskakawa zuwa rukunoni uku: L (11.2 - 18.0 mcd), M (18.0 - 28.0 mcd), da N (28.0 - 45.0 mcd). Ana amfani da jurewar ±15% ga kowane rukunin. Wannan rarrabawar yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen inda daidaiton hasken da ake gani a cikin masu nuna alama da yawa ke da muhimmanci.

3.3 Rarrabawar Matsakaicin Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa

Ana sarrafa launin rawaya ta hanyar rukunin matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa: J (587.0 - 589.5 nm), K (589.5 - 592.0 nm), da L (592.0 - 594.5 nm). Jurewar kowane rukunin shine ±1 nm. Wannan sarrafa daidai yana tabbatar da ƙaramin bambancin launi tsakanin batutuwan samarwa daban-daban ko a cikin jerin LED.

4. Bincike kan Lankwasa Ayyuka

Yayin da aka yi nuni da takamaiman lankwaso a cikin bayanin (Hoto 1, Hoto 6), ana iya bayyana halayensu na yau da kullun bisa ilimin kimiyyar semiconductor da sigogin da aka bayar.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lankwasa I-V)

Guntun AlInGaP yana nuna lankwasa I-V wanda ƙarfin wutar gaba yana ƙaruwa da logarithmic tare da halin yanzu. Matsakaicin VF na 2.0V a 5mA shine mahimmin wurin aiki. Tuƙi LED a cikin halin yanzu mafi girma zai ƙara VV ɗan kaɗan (zuwa matsakaicin 2.3V) kuma yana ƙara fitar da haske sosai, amma kuma zai ƙara ragewar wutar lantarki da zafin haɗuwa, wanda dole ne a sarrafa shi a cikin matsakaicin ƙididdiga.

4.2 Halayen Zafin Jiki

Ƙarfin hasken LED gabaɗaya yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗuwa ya ƙaru. Ƙayyadaddun rage ƙarfin halin yanzu (0.4 mA/°C sama da 50°C) sakamako ne kai tsaye na wannan halayen zafi. Yanayin zafi mai girma ko ƙarfin tuƙi mai yawa wanda ke haifar da dumama kai zai rage fitar da haske kuma zai iya haɓaka lalacewa idan aka wuce iyaka.

4.3 Rarraba Bakan

Fitarwar bakan tana tsakiya a kusa da 588 nm (kololuwa) tare da kunkuntar rabin faɗi na 15 nm. Wannan yana haifar da launin rawaya mai cikakken cikawa. Matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa na iya canzawa ɗan kaɗan tare da canje-canje a cikin halin yanzu na tuƙi da zafin jiki, amma tsarin rarrabawa yana tabbatar da cewa launin ƙarshe ya kasance a cikin ƙayyadaddun ƙungiyoyi masu kunkuntar.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

5.1 Girman Jiki

LED yana da ƙirar ƙafar marufi na masana'antu na EIA. Mahimmin girmansa shine tsayinsa na 0.55mm, wanda ke ayyana halayensa na \"mai siriri sosai\". Cikakkun zane-zane na injiniya a cikin bayanin suna ba da tsayi, faɗi, da sauran mahimman girma don ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa na PCB, duk a cikin milimita tare da jurewar ma'auni na ±0.10 mm sai dai idan an lura daban.

5.2 Ƙirar Kafafen Solder

Bayanin ya haɗa da girmen kafafen solder da aka ba da shawarar. Bin waɗannan shawarwari yana da mahimmanci don cimma haɗin solder mai aminci yayin hanyoyin sake kunnawa, yana tabbatar da haɗin injiniya daidai da haɗin zafi/lantarki. Ƙirar kafafen tana lissafin girman kayan aiki da kuma fillet ɗin solder da ake buƙata.

5.3 Gano Polarity

Kayan aikin yana da anode da cathode. Zanen bayanin yana nuna polarity, yawanci ana yiwa alama akan na'urar kanta ko kuma ana iya gane shi ta tsarinsa na ciki da fasali na waje. Daidaitaccen alkiblar polarity yayin haɗawa wajibi ne don na'urar ta yi aiki.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Sigogi na Solder na Sake Kunnawa

LED ya dace da duka hanyoyin solder na sake kunnawa na infrared (IR) da na lokaci. Don tsari na yau da kullun, an ƙayyade matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 5. Don hanyoyin marasa gubar (Pb-free), an ba da shawarar takamaiman bayanin sake kunnawa, yawanci ya haɗa da ɗan ƙaramin matsakaicin zafin jiki ko daidaita ƙimar hawan. Riƙe da waɗannan bayanan yana hana lalacewar zafi ga marufin epoxy na LED da kuma mutuwar semiconductor.

6.2 Kariya da Yanayin Ajiya

Ya kamata a adana LED a cikin muhallin da bai wuce 30°C da 70% zafi ba. Da zarar an cire su daga ainihin marufi mai hana danshi, ya kamata a sake solder su a cikin sa'o'i 672 (kwanaki 28) don hana shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da \"popcorning\" ko rabuwa yayin sake kunnawa. Idan ajiya ta wuce wannan lokacin, ana ba da shawarar tsarin gasa (misali, 60°C na awanni 24) don cire danshi.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da kaushi da aka ƙayyade. Nitse LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana yarda. Sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na filastik ko amincin marufi.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana samar da samfurin a cikin tef mai ɗaukar hoto mai faɗin 8mm, wanda aka nannade akan reels masu diamita inci 7 (178mm) na ma'auni. Kowane reel yana ɗauke da guda 5000. Marufin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994. Tef ɗin saman yana rufe aljihun kayan aiki. Akwai jagorori don matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da suka ɓace a jere da kuma mafi ƙarancin adadin shirya don ragowar sassa.

7.2 Tsarin Lambar Sashe

Lambar sashe LTST-C191KSKT-5A tana ɓoye takamaiman halayen samfur. Yayin da cikakken dabaru na suna kamfani na iya zama na musamman, yawanci ya haɗa da masu gano jerin (LTST), girman/lambar (C191), launin/nau'in ruwan tabarau (KSKT don ruwan tabarau mai tsabta tare da guntun AlInGaP rawaya), da yiwuwar bayanin rukunin ko bambance-bambance (5A).

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED ya dace da masu nuna yanayi, hasken baya don maɓalli ko alamomi, da haskakawa na panel a cikin na'urori inda tsayi ya zama ƙuntatawa. Misalai sun haɗa da wayoyin hannu, kwamfutocin hannu, kwamfutocin hannu masu siriri, masu sarrafa nesa, masu nuna alamar dashboard na mota (inda sararin da ke bayan panel ya iyakance), da na'urorin kiwon lafiya masu ɗaukuwa.

8.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Ƙirar Da'ira

LED na'urori ne masu tuƙi na halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske, musamman lokacin da aka haɗa LED ɗin da yawa a layi ɗaya, ana ƙarfafa ba da shawarar yin amfani da resistor mai iyakancewar halin yanzu na jeri ga kowane LED. Ana hana tuƙa LED ɗin da yawa a layi ɗaya kai tsaye daga tushen wutar lantarki (ba tare da resistors ɗaya ɗaya ba) saboda ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin halayen ƙarfin wutar gaba (VF) tsakanin LED ɗin ɗaya na iya haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin rabon halin yanzu, saboda haka, haske. Sauƙaƙan da'irar tuƙi ta ƙunshi tushen wutar lantarki, resistor na jeri (R = (Vsource - VF) / IF), da LED.

8.3 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

LED yana da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki. Dole ne a kiyaye kariyar sarrafawa: yi amfani da bel ɗin wuyan da aka kafa da saman aiki, adana abubuwan a cikin marufi mai hana tashin hankali, da kuma amfani da masu ionizer don kawar da cajin tsaye wanda zai iya taruwa akan ruwan tabarau na filastik. Abubuwan ESD na iya haifar da gazawa nan take ko lalacewa mai ɓoye wanda ke rage tsawon rayuwar na'urar.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban abin da ya bambanta LTST-C191KSKT-5A shine tsayinsa na 0.55mm. Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED ɗin guntu waɗanda galibi suke tsayin 0.6mm ko 0.8mm, wannan yana wakiltar raguwa mai mahimmanci ga ƙirar mafi siriri. Yin amfani da fasahar AlInGaP yana ba da inganci mafi girma da hasken rawaya mai haske idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP akan GaP don launi ɗaya. Dacewarsa da daidaitattun hanyoyin sake kunnawa na IR da marufi na tef-da-reel ya sa ya zama mai sauƙin haɗawa kamar kowane ɓangaren SMD, duk da ci-gaban siririnsa.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi bisa Sigogi na Fasaha

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 20mA a ci gaba?

A: Matsakaicin ƙarfin halin yanzu na DC shine 30 mA, don haka 20mA yana cikin iyaka. Koyaya, dole ne ku duba ragewar wutar lantarki (P = VF * IF). A 20mA da matsakaicin VF na 2.0V, wutar lantarki 40mW ce, wanda ke ƙasa da matsakaicin 75mW. Tabbatar an yi la'akari da yanayin yanayi, kuma a yi amfani da rage ƙarfin halin yanzu idan yanayin aiki ya wuce 50°C.

Q: Me yasa akwai irin wannan faɗin kewayon a cikin ƙarfin haskakawa (11.2 zuwa 45.0 mcd)?

A: Wannan kewayon yana wakiltar jimillar yaduwa a duk samarwa. Ta hanyar tsarin rarrabawa (L, M, N), masu kera za su iya siyan LED daga takamaiman rukunin ƙarfi mai kunkuntar don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace-aikacensu.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin raƙuman ruwa na kololuwa da matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa?

A: Tsayin raƙuman ruwa na kololuwa (λp) shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa inda fitar da ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma. Matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd) an samo shi daga ma'auni na launi akan zanen CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya na hasken monochromatic mai tsafta wanda zai dace da launin da ake gani na LED. Ga LED mai kunkuntar bakan kamar wannan, galibi suna kusa sosai.

Q: Shin ana buƙatar sink ɗin zafi?

A: Don aikin yau da kullun a 5mA ko makamancin haka ƙananan halin yanzu, ba a buƙatar takamaiman sink ɗin zafi saboda ragewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa sosai. PCB kanta tana aiki azaman sink ɗin zafi. Don aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙididdiga na halin yanzu, ana ba da shawarar sarrafa zafi da kyau na shimfidar PCB.

11. Misalin Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Yi la'akari da ƙira mai nuna yanayi don sabon agogon waya. Babban allon yana da iyakacin tsayi Z. LTST-C191KSKT-5A, tare da tsayinsa na 0.55mm, zai iya dacewa a ƙarƙashin ƙaramin Layer mai watsawa. Mai zane ya zaɓi sassa daga rukunin ƙarfi na \"M\" da rukunin tsayin raƙuman ruwa na \"K\" don tabbatar da cewa duk raka'o'in agogo suna da daidaitaccen hasken rawaya mai daɗi don faɗakarwar sanarwa. Ana amfani da layin wadata na 3.3V. An ƙididdige resistor na jeri kamar R = (3.3V - 2.0V) / 0.005A = 260 Ohms. An zaɓi resistor na ma'auni na 270-ohm, wanda ya haifar da halin yanzu na kusan 4.8mA, cikin aminci a cikin iyakoki. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin mai nuna alama daga kusurwoyi daban-daban lokacin da aka kalli wuyan hannu.

12. Gabatar da Ƙa'idar Aiki

LED diode ne na haɗin p-n semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin da aka gina a cikin haɗin, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, ana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Launin hasken yana ƙaddara ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. Tsarin kayan AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan LED yana da bandgap daidai da hasken rawaya. Ruwan tabarau mai tsabta yawanci an yi shi da epoxy kuma an ƙera shi don fitar da hasken da aka samar a cikin guntun semiconductor yadda ya kamata.

13. Trends na Ci gaban Fasaha

Trend a cikin LED masu nuna alama yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace watt na lantarki), ƙananan siffofi, da ƙananan bayanai. Tsayin 0.55mm na wannan na'urar yana wakiltar ci gaba da turawa don ƙanƙanta. Ci gaba na gaba na iya haɗawa da ƙarin marufi masu siriri, haɗakar da IC ɗin tuƙi a cikin marufin LED (LED masu hankali), da faɗaɗa gamut ɗin launi ko ingantaccen yin launi don aikace-aikacen haske. Bugu da ƙari, ci gaba a cikin kayan substrate da ƙirar guntu yana nufin rage raguwar inganci (ragewar inganci a cikin halin yanzu mafi girma) da inganta amincin a cikin yanayin aiki mafi girma. Turawa don faɗaɗa amfani da kayan marasa gubar da marasa halogen daidai da ka'idojin muhalli masu tasowa kuma ya kasance babban abin da masana'antu ke mayar da hankali.