LTST-C198KGKT SMD LED Takardar Bayani - 0.2mm Siriri - 2.6V Karfin Gaba - AlInGaP Kore - 78mW Wutar Lantarki - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTST-C198KGKT wani LED ne mai siriri sosai, wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani da ke da ƙaramin girma. Babban fasalin sa shine ƙarancin tsayinsa wanda ya kai 0.2 millimeters kawai, wanda ya sa ya dace da na'urori inda sarari da tsayin kayan aiki ke da matukar muhimmanci. Na'urar tana amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don samar da fitilar kore mai haske sosai. An tattara shi a cikin kaset ɗin 8mm na masana'antu akan reels na inci 7, wanda ke tabbatar da dacewa da kayan aikin haɗawa da sauri da kuma hanyoyin gyarawa na infrared reflow. Wannan LED an rarraba shi azaman samfurin kore kuma ya bi ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hatsari).

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

Babban fa'idodin wannan ɓangaren ya samo asali ne daga haɗin ƙaramin girmansa da aikin sa. Siririn 0.2mm yana ba da damar haɗawa cikin samfuran siriri sosai. Fasahar Chip na AlInGaP tana ba da ingantaccen inganci na haske idan aka kwatanta da kayan gargajiya, wanda ke haifar da haske mai ƙarfi daga ƙaramin siffa. Cikakkiyar dacewa da layukan haɗawa na atomatik na SMT (Fasahar Haɗawa ta Surface) yana sauƙaƙe masana'antu da rage farashin samarwa. Tsarin sa kuma ya dace da I.C. (Integrated Circuit), yana ba da damar tuƙi kai tsaye daga fitattun fitattun bayanan logic.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike, mai ma'ana game da halayen lantarki, na gani, da na zafi da aka ƙayyade a cikin takardar bayani.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Waɗannan ƙimar suna bayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a nufin su don aiki na yau da kullun ba. Matsakaicin ci gaba na yanzu (DC) shine 30 mA. Ana iya samun mafi girman ƙarfin gaba na 80 mA amma kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin 1/10 da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms don hana yin zafi sosai. Matsakaicin ƙarfin baya da za a iya amfani da shi shine 5V. Wuce wannan zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa. Na'urar na iya ɓata har zuwa 78 mW na wutar lantarki. Kewayon zafin aiki daga -30°C zuwa +85°C, kuma ana iya adana shi a cikin zafin daga -40°C zuwa +85°C. Don gyarawa, zai iya jure zafin kololuwar infrared reflow na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki & Na Gani

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na zafin yanayi na 25°C da ƙarfin gaba (IF) na 20 mA, sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da ƙimar al'ada na 60.0 millicandelas (mcd), tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙayyadaddun ƙimar 36.0 mcd. Ana auna wannan ƙarfin ta amfani da firikwensin da tacewa wanda ke kwaikwayon amsawar gani na idon ɗan adam. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2), wanda aka ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwar inda ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar axis, shine digiri 130, yana nuna faɗin tsarin kallo. Babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd), wanda ke ayyana launin da ake gani, shine 570 nm (kore). Matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λp) shine 574 nm. Rabin faɗin layin gani (Δλ) shine 15 nm, yana bayyana tsaftar gani. Ƙarfin gaba (VF) yawanci yana kewayo daga 2.1V zuwa 2.6V a 20mA. Ƙarfin baya (IR) shine matsakaicin 10.0 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da baya na 5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa kwandon aiki. LTST-C198KGKT yana amfani da tsarin rarrabawa mai girma biyu dangane da ƙarfin haske da babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken

An rarraba ƙarfin haske zuwa kwandon uku: N2 (36.0 - 45.0 mcd), P (45.0 - 71.0 mcd), da Q (71.0 - 112.0 mcd). Ana amfani da juzu'i na +/-15% a cikin kowane kwandon. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar LED ɗin dangane da matakin haske da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacensu, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani a cikin samfuran da ke amfani da LED ɗin da yawa.

3.2 Rarrabawar Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa

Babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa, wanda ke ƙayyade ainihin inuwar kore, an rarraba shi zuwa kwandon uku: C (567.5 - 570.5 nm), D (570.5 - 573.5 nm), da E (573.5 - 576.5 nm). Juzu'in kowane kwandon shine +/- 1 nm. Wannan matsakaicin sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen inda daidaiton launi ke da mahimmanci, kamar a cikin alamomin matsayi ko nunin cikakken launi.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman jadawali a cikin takardar bayani (Fig.1, Fig.5), ana iya tattauna abubuwan da suka shafi. Dangantakar tsakanin ƙarfin gaba (IF) da ƙarfin gaba (VF) yawanci exponential ne, yana bin lissafin diode. Dole ne masu zane su yi la'akari da kewayon VF lokacin da suke ƙirƙirar da'irori masu iyakancewa na yanzu. Lanƙwasa ƙarfin haske da ƙarfin gaba gabaɗaya layi ne a cikin kewayon aiki amma zai cika a manyan igiyoyin ruwa saboda tasirin zafi. Dogaron zafin jiki na ƙarfin gaba mara kyau ne (VF yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya karu), wanda shine daidaitaccen sifa na diodes na semiconductor. Lanƙwasa rarraba gani zai nuna kololuwa a 574 nm tare da faɗin 15 nm a rabin matsakaici.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Marufi

5.1 Girman Kunshin da Polarity

LED yana da daidaitaccen tsarin kunshin EIA. An gano cathode a sarari a cikin kaset da zanen kunshin reels. An ba da zane-zane masu daidaitaccen girma a cikin takardar bayani, tare da duk ma'aunai a cikin millimeters da juzu'i na gabaɗaya na ±0.10 mm. Siririn siriri na 0.2mm shine mahimmin ƙayyadaddun injiniya.

5.2 Tsarin Gyarawa da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da shirin gyarawa da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗin gyarawa da daidaitawar da ta dace yayin reflow. Shawarar ta haɗa da matsakaicin kauri na stencil na 0.08mm don sarrafa ƙarar man gyarawa da hana gado ko kabari na ƙaramin ɓangaren.

6. Jagorar Gyarawa & Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Reflow Soldering

An ba da shawarar bayanin reflow na infrared don hanyoyin gyarawa marasa gubar (Pb-free), wanda ya dace da ka'idojin JEDEC. Manyan ma'auni sun haɗa da yankin pre-heat na 150-200°C, matsakaicin lokacin pre-heat na dakika 120, matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin sama da ruwa (a matsakaicin zafin jiki) an iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin dakika 10. An tsara bayanin don rage damuwa na zafi akan kunshin LED yayin da yake tabbatar da ingantaccen reflow na gyarawa.

6.2 Yanayin Ajiya da Sarrafawa

Zubar da wutar lantarki (ESD) na iya lalata LED. Dole ne a sarrafa shi tare da igiyoyin wuyan hannu da kuma akan kayan aikin da aka kafa da kyau. Don ajiya, buhunan hana danshi da ba a buɗe ba tare da busassun abu ya kamata a kiyaye su a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH, tare da tsawon rayuwa na shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe, ya kamata a adana LED ɗin a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH kuma a yi amfani da su cikin mako guda. Idan an adana su da dadewa daga ainihin jakar, ya kamata a gasa su a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin gyarawa don cire danshin da aka sha da hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole bayan gyarawa, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da kaushi da aka ƙayyade. Ana ba da shawarar nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata kayan kunshin ko ruwan tabarau.

7. Bayanin Kunshin & Oda

Daidaitaccen kunshin shine kaset 8mm akan reels mai diamita inci 7 (178mm). Kowane cikakken reel yana ɗauke da guda 5000. Don adadin ƙasa da cikakken reel, mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 ya shafi ragowar kuri'u. Ƙayyadaddun kaset da reels sun bi ka'idojin ANSI/EIA 481. Kaset yana da murfin saman don kare abubuwan, kuma matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da ba a samu ba a jere a cikin kaset shine biyu.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Wannan LED an yi niyya ne don kayan aikin lantarki na yau da kullun. Siririnsa ya sa ya dace da hasken baya a cikin kayan lantarki na masu amfani masu siriri sosai (wayoyin hannu, kwamfutocin hannu, kwamfutoci), alamomin matsayi a cikin na'urorin da ake ɗauka, da hasken panel a cikin kayan aikin kayan aiki. Haskensa mai ƙarfi da faɗin kusurwar kallo sun dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar kyakkyawan gani.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Zane

Dole ne masu zane na'urar su aiwatar da iyakancewa mai dacewa, yawanci ta amfani da resistor na jerin, don tabbatar da ƙarfin gaba bai wuce matsakaicin ƙimar DC na 30 mA ba. Dole ne a yi la'akari da bambancin ƙarfin gaba (2.1V zuwa 2.6V) a cikin ƙirar wutar lantarki. Don daidaiton gani a cikin tsararrun LED da yawa, ƙayyade LED ɗin daga kwandon ƙarfi da tsayin raƙuman ruwa ɗaya yana da mahimmanci. Tsarin PCB dole ne ya bi ƙayyadaddun girma na gyarawa da jagororin stencil don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗawa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

Babban bambancin LTST-C198KGKT ya ta'allaka ne a haɗin siririnsa mai tsanani (0.2mm) da amfani da fasahar AlInGaP. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LED ɗin kore na GaP (Gallium Phosphide), AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen inganci na haske da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran LED ɗin siriri, ƙayyadaddun kusurwar kallonsa na digiri 130 yana da faɗi sosai, yana ba da ingantaccen gani na kashe-axis. Dacewarsa da daidaitaccen IR reflow da kunshin kaset-da-reel ya sa ya zama mafita mai saukin amfani don samarwa mai girma mai girma ta atomatik, sabanin wasu tsofaffin LED ɗin ta hanyar rami ko sanya hannu.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller na 3.3V ko 5V?

A: A'a. Dole ne ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa yanzu. Ƙarfin gaba shine ~2.6V matsakaici. Haɗa 3.3V kai tsaye zai ba da damar wuce gona da iri, mai yuwuwa ya lalata LED. Lissafa ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (Vcc - Vf) / If.

Q: Menene ma'anar ƙimar "Peak Forward Current"?

A: Yana nufin zaku iya buga LED ɗin da ɗan gajeren lokaci har zuwa 80mA don samun mafi girman haske na nan take, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi: faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms da aikin 10% ko ƙasa da haka. Wannan ba don ci gaba da aiki ba ne.

Q: Me yasa ake buƙatar gasa idan an adana LED ɗin a waje da jakar?

A: Kunshin filastik na iya sha danshi daga iska. A lokacin saurin dumama na reflow soldering, wannan danshin zai iya yin tururi da fashewa, yana haifar da rabuwa na ciki ko fashewa ("popcorning"). Gasasshen yana fitar da wannan danshin da aka sha.

11. Harka na Zane na Aiki

Yi la'akari da ƙirar alamar matsayi don na'urar da ake sawa. Na'urar tana da PCB mai ƙarfi-flex tare da ƙuntatawa tsayi ƙasa da 0.3mm a yankin mai nuna alama. LTST-C198KGKT, mai kauri 0.2mm, ya dace da kyau. Ana buƙatar alamar kore don nuna "cikakken caji." Mai zane ya zaɓi LED ɗin daga kwandon "P" don ƙarfi da kwandon "D" don tsayin raƙuman ruwa don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a duk raka'o'in. Ana tuƙa LED ɗin a 15 mA (da kyau ƙasa da matsakaicin 30 mA) ta hanyar resistor mai iyakancewa yanzu daga layin baturi na 3.0V na na'urar, yana ba da isasshen haske tare da ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Tsarin PCB yana amfani da daidaitaccen geometry na gyarawa, kuma gidan haɗawa yana amfani da bayanin reflow da aka bayar, yana haifar da ingantaccen samarwa mai yawan amfanin ƙasa.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

LED yana dogara ne akan haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor da aka yi daga kayan AlInGaP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. Wannan tsarin sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap na semiconductor, wanda kai tsaye yana ayyana tsayin raƙuman ruwa (launi) na fitowar haske—a wannan yanayin, kore a kusan 570 nm. An sami kunshin siriri ta hanyar amfani da LED die mai girman chip tare da ƙaramin adadin kayan rufewa, sabanin LED ɗin gargajiya tare da ruwan tabarau na filastik da aka gyara.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Trend a cikin LED na nuna alama da hasken baya yana ci gaba zuwa ƙarin ƙaramin girma, mafi inganci, da ingantaccen daidaiton launi. Tsayin kunshin yana motsawa daga 0.2mm zuwa mafi siriri. Ana ƙara amfani da manyan kayan semiconductor kamar InGaN (don shuɗi/kore/fari) da AlInGaP (don ja/lemu/rawaya/kore) don maye gurbin kayan da ba su da inganci. Haɗin kai wani trend ne, tare da tsararrun LED da yawa ko LED ɗin da aka haɗa tare da direba ICs a cikin kunshin guda. Bugu da ƙari, tuƙin ingantaccen amfani da makamashi yana tura don mafi girman ƙimar lumens-per-watt, rage amfani da wutar lantarki a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙarshe. Gwajin atomatik da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun rarrabawa suna zama ma'auni don biyan buƙatun nunin babban ƙuduri da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen daidaitawar launi.