LTST-C194KSKT LED Mai Haske Rawaya SMD - Girman 1.6x0.8x0.3mm - Ƙarfin Gaba 2.4V - Wutar Lantarki 75mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTST-C194KSKT na'urar haɗawa ta saman (SMD) ce mai fitar da haske (LED) wacce aka tsara don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani masu ƙarancin sarari. Tana cikin rukunin LED na siriri, tana da tsayin ƙasa sosai na 0.30 mm kawai. Wannan ya sa ta zama zaɓi mai kyau don aikace-aikace inda tsayin kayan aiki ya zama muhimmin abu a cikin ƙira, kamar a cikin na'urorin nuni masu siriri, na'urorin hannu, da kayan hasken baya.

Na'urar tana amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don yankinta mai fitar da haske. Wannan tsarin kayan sananne ne don samar da haske mai inganci a cikin bakan amber zuwa ja. A cikin wannan takamaiman samfurin, an ƙera shi don fitar da haske rawaya. LED ɗin yana cikin fakitin ruwan tabarau mai tsabta, wanda ke ba da damar fitar da haske mai yawa da kuma kusurwar kallo mai faɗi. An tattara shi akan tef ɗin daidaitaccen masana'antu na 8mm, ana samar da shi akan reels masu diamita 7-inch, yana sa ya dace da kayan aikin sarrafawa ta atomatik mai sauri da ake amfani da su wajen samarwa mai yawa.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa

Babban fa'idar wannan LED shine haɗakar siffar siriri da fitar da haske mai ƙarfi daga fasahar guntu na AlInGaP. Daidaitawarta da umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari) ya sa ta zama samfurin "kore" wanda ya dace da kasuwanni na duniya masu ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin muhalli. An ƙera na'urar kuma don ta dace da hanyoyin gishiri na gama gari, gami da infrared (IR) da reflow na lokacin tururi, waɗanda suke daidaitattun a cikin layukan haɗawa na fasahar haɗawa ta saman (SMT).

Kasuwar manufa ta ƙunshi nau'ikan kayan lantarki na mabukaci da masana'antu. Muhimman aikace-aikace sun haɗa da alamomin yanayi, hasken baya don maɓallan maɓalli da gumaka, hasken panel, da kayan haske na ado a cikin na'urori inda siriri ya fi muhimmanci. Daidaitawarta da kayan aikin sanya atomatik ya sa ta dace da samarwa mai yawa.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike, mai ma'ana na mahimman ma'auni na aikin LED kamar yadda aka ayyana a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C).

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba kuma ya kamata a guji su a cikin ƙirar da'ira.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):75 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da fakitin LED zai iya watsawa azaman zafi. Wuce wannan na iya haifar da zafi da haɓakar lalacewar haɗin gwiwar semiconductor.
• Halin Gaba na DC (IF):30 mA. Matsakaicin ci gaba na gaba wanda za'a iya amfani da shi. Takardun bayanan ya ƙayyade ƙimar ragewa na 0.4 mA/°C sama da yanayin yanayi na 25°C, ma'ana yawan halin yanzu da ake iya ci gaba da raguwa yayin da yanayin aiki ya yi zafi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba:80 mA. Ana ba da izinin wannan kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms) don cimma mafi girman fitar da haske ba tare da zafi ba.
• Ƙarfin Juyawa (VR):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin juyawa mafi girma fiye da wannan na iya haifar da rushewa da lalacewa mara gyara ga haɗin LED.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ma'ajiyar Zafin Jiki:-55°C zuwa +85°C. Wannan yana ayyana iyakokin muhalli don aiki mai dogaro da ajiya mara aiki.
• Jurewar Zafin Gishiri:Na'urar na iya jure gishiri na igiyar ruwa ko IR reflow tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na dakika 5, da gishiri na lokacin tururi a 215°C na mintuna 3.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki & Haske

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na yau da kullun na aikin da aka auna a halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 20 mA.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 28.0 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 180.0 mcd. Ƙimar ainihin don takamaiman naúrar ya dogara da lambar bin da aka sanya masa (duba Sashe na 3). Ana auna ƙarfi ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don dacewa da amsawar ido na ɗan adam (lanƙwasa CIE).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 130. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimarsa da aka auna akan tsakiyar axis. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa kamar wannan halayen ruwa ne mai tsabta, ruwan tabarau mara watsewa, yana ba da haske mai faɗi.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya (λP):588 nm. Wannan shine tsayin tsayin da fitar da ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya (λd):587.0 nm zuwa 597.0 nm. Wannan shine tsayin tsayin guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane wanda ke ayyana launi (rawaya, a wannan yanayin). An samo shi daga daidaitattun maki na CIE. Ana sanya raka'a a cikin wannan kewayon.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):15 nm. Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan, yana auna faɗin bakan fitarwa a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfinsa. Ƙananan ƙimar yana nuna tushen haske mafi monochromatic.
• Ƙarfin Gaba (VF):Yawanci 2.00V, tare da matsakaicin 2.40V a 20 mA. Wannan shine faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin aiki.
• Halin Juyawa (IR):Matsakaicin 10 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin juyawa na 5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa "kwandon" bisa mahimman ma'auni na gani. LTST-C194KSKT yana amfani da tsarin binning mai girma biyu.

3.1 Binning Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon ƙarfi huɗu (N, P, Q, R) wanda aka auna a cikin millicandelas (mcd) a 20mA. Kowane kwandon yana da mafi ƙarancin ƙima da matsakaicin ƙima, tare da izinin +/-15% a cikin kowane kwandon. Misali, naúrar a cikin kwandon 'R' za ta sami ƙarfi tsakanin 112.0 mcd da 180.0 mcd. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da wannan bambance-bambance idan daidaitaccen haske a kan LED da yawa yana da mahimmanci.

3.2 Binning Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya

Hakazalika, ana sanya LED a cikin ƙungiyoyin tsayin tsayi huɗu (J, K, L, M) don sarrafa daidaiton launi. Matsakaicin tsayin tsayi ya bambanta daga 587.0 nm zuwa 597.0 nm a cikin dukkan kwandon. Kowane takamaiman kwandon (misali, kwandon 'K' ya ƙunshi 589.5 nm zuwa 592.0 nm) yana da ƙaramin izinin +/- 1 nm. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa duk LED a cikin wannan rukunin suna da inuwa iri ɗaya na rawaya.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwasa a cikin takardun bayanan (Hoto 1, Hoto 6), abubuwan da suka shafi su ne daidaitattun don fasahar LED. Masu ƙira za su iya tsammanin alaƙar gaba ɗaya masu zuwa:

• Lanƙwasa IV (Hali na Yanzu da Ƙarfin Lantarki):Ƙarfin gaba (VF) yana da ingantaccen haɗin zafin jiki kuma yana ƙaruwa kaɗan tare da mafi girman halin yanzu na gaba. Ba layi ba ne, yana nuna gwiwoyi kafin ya zama mafi layi.
• Ƙarfin Haske da Halin Gaba:Fitar da haske yana daidai da halin yanzu na gaba har zuwa wani lokaci, bayan haka inganci na iya raguwa saboda tasirin dumama.
• Ƙarfin Haske da Zafin Jiki:Fitar da haske na LED na AlInGaP yawanci yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. Wannan muhimmin abu ne don aikace-aikacen tuƙi mai inganci ko babban ƙarfi.
• Rarraba Bakan:Bakan fitarwa yana tsakiya kusa da matsakaicin tsayin tsayi (588 nm) tare da ƙayyadadden rabin faɗin 15 nm, yana ayyana wurin launin rawaya.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Marufi

5.1 Girman Na'ura da Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar

LED ya yi daidai da daidaitaccen fakitin EIA. Mahimmin girma shine tsayinsa na 0.30 mm. Cikakkun zane-zane na injiniya a cikin takardun bayanan suna ba da tsayi, faɗi, da tazarar kushin. Bangaren yana da alamar ƙa'ida, yawanci alamar cathode akan fakitin ko ta hanyar daidaitawar tef, wanda dole ne a lura da shi yayin haɗawa don tabbatar da aikin daidai.

5.2 Ƙirar Ƙirar Gishiri da Aka Ba da Shawara

Takardun bayanan ya haɗa da tsarin ƙasa da aka ba da shawara (shimfidar kushin gishiri) don ƙirar PCB. Yin bin wannan tsarin yana da mahimmanci don cimma haɗin gishiri mai dogaro da daidaitawar daidai yayin reflow. Bayanin kula yana ba da shawarar matsakaicin kauri na stencil na 0.10mm don aikace-aikacen man gishiri don hana gada tsakanin kushin da ke kusa da juna.

5.3 Tef da Ƙayyadaddun Marufi na Reel

Ana samar da LED akan tef ɗin mai ɗaukar hoto (faɗin 8mm) wanda aka nannade akan reels 7-inch. Kowane reel ya ƙunshi guda 5000. Marufi yana bin ka'idojin ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994. Muhimman ƙayyadaddun bayanai sun haɗa da: ana rufe aljihunan fanko da tef ɗin murfi, mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 don reels na ragowar, da matsakaicin biyu na kayan aiki da suka ɓace a jere da aka yarda da kowane reel.

6. Jagororin Gishiri & Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanan Gishiri na Reflow

Takardun bayanan yana ba da shawarar bayanan reflow na infrared (IR) guda biyu: ɗaya don daidaitaccen tsarin gishiri na tin-lead (SnPb) da ɗaya don tsarin gishiri mara gubar (Pb-free), yawanci ta amfani da gami na SAC (Sn-Ag-Cu). Bayanin mara gubar yana buƙatar mafi girman zafin jiki (kusan 260°C) amma tare da ƙayyadadden ƙimar haɓakawa da sanyaya don rage girgizar zafi. Bayanan suna ayyana yankunan dumama, lokacin sama da ruwa mai ruwa, da tsawon lokacin zafin jiki (misali, dakika 5 a 260°C max).

6.2 Ajiya da Matakan Kulawa

Ya kamata a adana reels da ba a buɗe ba a cikin yanayi wanda bai wuce 30°C da 70% zafi ba. Da zarar an cire su daga asalin jakar shinge na danshi, ya kamata a yi amfani da abubuwan a cikin sa'o'i 672 (kwanaki 28) don guje wa ɗaukar danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da "popcorning" yayin reflow. Idan ajiya ya wuce wannan lokacin, ana ba da shawarar gasa a kusan 60°C na awanni 24 kafin gishiri. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci a waje da asalin jakar, yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da bushewa ko yanayin da aka tsarkake nitrogen.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan gishiri, kawai yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Takardun bayanan yana ba da shawarar nutsar da barasa na ethyl ko barasa na isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Masu tsaftacewa na sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na filastik ko kayan fakitin.

7. La'akari da Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

7.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuƙi

LED na'urar tuƙi ce ta halin yanzu. Mafi mahimmancin ƙa'idar ƙira shine koyaushe a yi amfani da hanyar iyakance halin yanzu. Takardun bayanan yana ba da shawarar ƙwarai don amfani da resistor na jeri ga kowane LED (Samfurin Da'ira A), ko da lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a layi ɗaya zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki. Wannan saboda ƙarfin gaba (VF) na LED na iya bambanta kaɗan daga naúrar zuwa naúrar. Ba tare da resistors ɗaya ɗaya ba, LED tare da ƙananan VF za su ja mafi yawan halin yanzu, wanda zai haifar da rashin daidaiton haske da yuwuwar damuwa (Samfurin Da'ira B). Don aikace-aikace masu daidaito, ana fifita direbobi na halin yanzu akai-akai.

7.2 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

Haɗin gwiwar semiconductor a cikin LED yana da saukin kamuwa da lalacewa daga zubar da wutar lantarki. Takardun bayanan ya zayyana mahimman matakan sarrafa ESD: ya kamata ma'aikata su sanya bel ɗin wuyan hannu ko safar hannu masu hana tashin hankali; duk tashoshin aiki, kayan aiki, da racks na ajiya dole ne a kafa su da kyau; kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da ionizer don kawar da cajin tsaye wanda zai iya taruwa akan ruwan tabarau na filastik yayin sarrafawa. Lalacewar ESD bazai haifar da gazawar nan take ba amma yana iya haifar da raguwar rayuwa ko aiki mara kyau.

7.3 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake ƙaramin na'ura, iyakar watsawar wutar lantarki na 75mW da lanƙwasa rage halin yanzu suna nuna cewa sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci, musamman a cikin yanayin yanayi mai zafi ko lokacin tuƙi kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB a kusa da kushin gishiri na iya taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi. Ƙarfin haske da matsakaicin tsayin tsakiya na iya canzawa tare da zafin haɗin gwiwa, don haka kiyaye yanayin zafi mai tsayayye yana ba da gudummawa ga daidaitaccen aikin gani.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban bambance-bambancen LTST-C194KSKT shine bayaninsa na 0.30mm a cikin rukunin LED rawaya na AlInGaP. Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED na SMD waɗanda galibi suke tsayin 0.6mm ko 1.0mm, wannan yana wakiltar raguwar tsayi na 50-70%. An cimma wannan ba tare da yin sulhu mai mahimmanci akan aikin gani ba, kamar yadda har yanzu yana ba da kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi da matakan haske masu dacewa don aikace-aikacen nuna alama. Daidaitawarta da daidaitattun hanyoyin reflow ya sa ta zama maye gurbin kayan aiki masu kauri a cikin yanayin haɓakar sarari, sabanin wasu na'urori masu siriri waɗanda ke buƙatar fasahohin haɗawa na musamman.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga fitarwar dabaru na 3.3V ko 5V?

A: A'a. Dole ne ku yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na jeri. Misali, tare da wadata 3.3V da VF na yau da kullun na 2.0V a 20mA, ƙimar resistor zata kasance R = (3.3V - 2.0V) / 0.02A = 65 Ohms. Daidaitaccen resistor na 68 Ohm zai dace.

Q: Me yasa akwai irin wannan babban kewayon a cikin ƙarfin haske (28 zuwa 180 mcd)?

A: Wannan shine jimlar kewayon a duk samarwa. Don takamaiman oda, zaku iya neman ƙaramin kwandon (misali, Kwandon R: 112-180 mcd) don tabbatar da daidaiton haske a aikace-aikacenku.

Q: Shin ruwan tabarau mai tsabta ya dace da sandar haske mai faɗi, daidai?

A: Ruwan tabarau mai tsabta yana ba da kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi (130°) amma yana iya samar da mafi mai da hankali "wurin zafi" idan aka kwatanta da ruwan tabarau mai watsewa. Don sanduna cikakken daidaito, ana amfani da na'urorin gani na biyu ko jagororin haske tare da LED.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara jadawalin gishiri?

A: Jadawalin yana nuna zafin jiki akan Y-axis da lokaci akan X-axis. Layin yana ayyana maƙasudin zafin jiki wanda fakitin LED ya kamata ya fuskanci yayin da yake tafiya ta cikin tanda reflow. Muhimman abubuwa sune matsakaicin ƙimar haɓakawa, zafin jiki na dumama da tsawon lokaci, lokacin sama da wurin narkewar gishiri, matsakaicin zafin jiki, da matsakaicin ƙimar sanyaya.

10. Misalai na Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Misali 1: Alamar Yanayi a cikin Na'urar Sawa

A cikin agogon waya mai wayo ko na bin diddigi, kadarorin allo da kauri suna da iyaka sosai. LTST-C194KSKT guda ɗaya, wanda aka tuƙa a 10-15 mA ta hanyar filin GPIO da resistor na jeri, na iya ba da sanarwa bayyananne (caji, saƙo, ƙarancin baturi) ba tare da ƙara kauri mai ma'ana ba. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana tabbatar da cewa hasken yana bayyane daga kusurwoyi daban-daban akan wuyan hannu.

Misali 2: Hasken Baya don Panels Canjin Membrane

Don manyan sarrafa masana'antu tare da maɓallan membrane, ana iya sanya LED rawaya da yawa a ƙarƙashin gumakan maɓalli masu canzawa. Bayanin siriri yana ba su damar shiga cikin rami mai zurfi a bayan takardar membrane. Ta hanyar ƙayyade LED daga kwandon ƙarfi da tsayin tsayi iri ɗaya (misali, Kwandon Q, Kwandon K), ana iya samun daidaitaccen launi da haske a duk maɓallai.

Misali 3: Hasken Gaci na Kayan Ado

A cikin samfurin kayan lantarki na mabukaci mai siriri (misali, lasifikar, na'urar hanyar sadarwa), layin waɗannan LED da aka sanya tare da gefen ciki, tare da jagorar haske ko mai watsewa, na iya haifar da layin accent mai haske iri ɗaya. Tsayin 0.3mm yana ba su damar sanya su kusa da harsashin waje na samfurin.

11. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Fitar da haske a cikin LTST-C194KSKT ya dogara ne akan electroluminescence a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor da aka yi da kayan AlInGaP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba wanda ya wuce yuwuwar gina haɗin gwiwar, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. A cikin semiconductor mai tsayin bandgap kai tsaye kamar AlInGaP, wannan taron sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsayin tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar yana ƙaddara ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor, wanda aka ƙera yayin aikin girma na crystal don kasancewa a cikin bakan rawaya (~588-597 nm). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai tsabta yana ɗauke da guntu, yana ba da kariyar injiniya, da kuma siffar tsarin fitar da haske.

12. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

Ci gaban LTST-C194KSKT ya yi daidai da wasu mahimman abubuwan da suka faru a cikin optoelectronics da masana'antar kera lantarki. Turawa don ƙananan ƙira da ƙananan abubuwan bayani ba ta ƙarewa ba, wanda buƙatar mabukaci don wayoyin hannu masu siriri, kwamfutocin hannu, da kayan sawa ke motsa su. Fasahar AlInGaP ta kasance mafita mafi girma don LED mai inganci na amber, rawaya, da ja, ko da yake ci gaban da aka canza LED shuɗi na phosphor (pc-LEDs) yanzu suna ba da madadin don wasu aikace-aikacen rawaya/kore. An ba da fifiko kan bin RoHS da kera kore yanzu ma'auni ne na duniya. Bugu da ƙari, cikakkun tsarin binning da daidaitattun marufi (tef & reel, sawun EIA) suna nuna buƙatar masana'antu don samarwa mai yawa, atomatik, da daidaito don biyan buƙatun sarkar wadata ta duniya. Haɗa takamaiman bayanai don gishiri mara gubar yana jaddada cikakken canjin masana'antu daga hanyoyin da suka dogara da gubar.