Bayanin Fasaha na SMD Blue LED - Tsayin 0.8mm - Matsakaicin 3.8V - Wutar 76mW - Ruwa Bayyananne Lens - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayyana Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakkun ƙayyadaddun bayanai na siririn, LED shuɗi mai hawa a saman. An ƙera na'urar don haɗawa cikin ƙananan na'urorin lantarki na zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar haske mai ƙanƙanta. Babban aikinta shine a cikin hasken baya, alamomin yanayi, da hasken ado a cikin na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, kayan aikin ofis, da na'urorin sadarwa.

Babban fa'idodin wannan sashi sun haɗa da siririnsa na musamman na 0.80mm, wanda ke ba da damar haɗawa cikin ƙirar da ke da ƙarancin sarari. Yana amfani da guntun dice na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride), wanda aka sani da samar da haske shuɗi mai ƙarfi. Samfurin ya bi ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hatsari), yana rarrabe shi azaman samfurin kore. An tattara shi a kan tef ɗin 8mm da aka nannade akan reels masu diamita 7-inch, yana sa ya dace da na'urorin haɗawa ta atomatik masu sauri da ake amfani da su wajen samar da yawa.

2. Zurfin Fahimtar Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke

Iyakar aikin na'urar an ayyana shi a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C. Wuce waɗannan ma'auni na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):76 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da fakitin LED zai iya watsawa azaman zafi ba tare da lalata aiki ko amincinsa ba.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_FP):100 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na lokaci-lokaci da aka yarda a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini, an ƙayyade shi a cikin zagayowar aiki 1/10 da faɗin bugun 0.1ms. Ya fi girma sosai fiye da ƙimar halin yanzu na ci gaba.
• Halin Yanzu na DC Gaba (I_F):20 mA. Wannan shine shawarar matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba na gaba don aiki na yau da kullun, yana tabbatar da amincin dogon lokaci da kwanciyar hankali na fitar da haske.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-20°C zuwa +80°C. An tabbatar da cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin muhalli.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-30°C zuwa +100°C. Ana iya adana na'urar ba tare da amfani da wutar lantarki ba a cikin wannan kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi.
• Yanayin Solder na Infrared:260°C na dakika 10. Wannan yana bayyana matsakaicin zafin jiki da lokacin jurewa don hanyoyin gudanar da solder mara gubar (Pb-free).

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki & Na Gani

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a Ta=25°C kuma suna ayyana aikin na'urar na yau da kullun.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):28.0 - 180.0 mcd (millicandela) a I_F=20mA. Wannan faɗin kewayon yana nuna cewa ana samun na'urar a cikin kwandon haske daban-daban (duba Sashe na 3). Ana yin ma'auni tare da firikwensin / tacewa wanda ke kusantar da lanƙwasa amsawar ido na CIE photopic.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 130. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimarsa a tsakiyar axis (0°). Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na yau da kullun ne don ruwa-bayyananne ruwan tabarau ba tare da kullin watsawa ba.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Watsawa (λ_P):468 nm. Wannan shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa wanda fitar da ƙarfin gani ya fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):465.0 - 475.0 nm a I_F=20mA. Wannan shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane wanda ke ayyana launin hasken, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Gani (Δλ):25 nm. Wannan yana nuna tsaftar gani; ƙaramin ƙima yana nufin haske mafi monochromatic. 25nm na yau da kullun ne ga LED shuɗi na InGaN.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):2.8 - 3.8 V a I_F=20mA. Faɗin wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin aiki. Wannan kewayon yayi daidai da kwandon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba daban-daban.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):10 μA (max) a V_R=5V. Ƙananan halin yanzu na ɓarna lokacin da aka yi amfani da bambance-bambancen baya.Muhimmi:Ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin baya ba; wannan yanayin gwaji don siffanta kawai ne.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin gudanar da samarwa, ana rarraba LEDs zuwa kwandon bisa mahimman ma'auni. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikace don launi da aikin lantarki.

3.1 Binning Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

Raka'a: Volts (V) @ 20mA. Haƙuri akan kowane kwandon shine ±0.1V.
Bin D7: 2.80 - 3.00V
Bin D8: 3.00 - 3.20V
Bin D9: 3.20 - 3.40V
Bin D10: 3.40 - 3.60V
Bin D11: 3.60 - 3.80V

3.2 Binning Ƙarfin Hasken

Raka'a: millicandela (mcd) @ 20mA. Haƙuri akan kowane kwandon shine ±15%.
Bin N: 28.0 - 45.0 mcd
Bin P: 45.0 - 71.0 mcd
Bin Q: 71.0 - 112.0 mcd
Bin R: 112.0 - 180.0 mcd

3.3 Binning Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon

Raka'a: nanometers (nm) @ 20mA. Haƙuri ga kowane kwandon shine ±1nm.
Bin AC: 465.0 - 470.0 nm (shuɗi mai ɗan kore)
Bin AD: 470.0 - 475.0 nm (shuɗi mai ɗan tsafta)

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwasa masu zane a cikin takardar bayanai (misali, Hoto 1, Hoto 6), ana iya bayyana halayensu na yau da kullun bisa ga fasahar.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Semiconductor na InGaN yana da halayen kunna wutar lantarki kusan 2.8V. Sama da wannan bakin kofa, halin yanzu yana ƙaruwa da ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin wutar lantarki. Lanƙwasa zai nuna gwiwa mai kaifi, na yau da kullun na halayen diode. Yin aiki da shawarar 20mA yana tabbatar da cewa na'urar ta wuce wurin gwiwa don kwanciyar hankali na fitar da haske.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba (Lanƙwasa L-I)

Fitar hasken (ƙarfin haske) yana daidai da kusan halin yanzu na gaba har zuwa wani lokaci. Duk da haka, inganci na iya raguwa a halin yanzu mai girma saboda ƙaruwar samar da zafi a cikin guntun (tasirin faɗuwa). An zaɓi ƙimar 20mA don daidaita haske tare da inganci da tsawon rai.

4.3 Halayen Zafin Jiki

Aikin LED ya dogara da zafin jiki. Yawanci, yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru:
- Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) yana raguwa kaɗan.
- Ƙarfin haske yana raguwa. Takamaiman ƙimar rage ƙimar ya dogara da aikace-aikace amma dole ne a yi la'akari da shi don ƙira waɗanda ke aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko tare da manyan halayen yanzu.
- Matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa na iya canzawa kaɗan (yawanci zuwa tsayin raƙuman ruwa mafi tsayi ga LED shuɗi).

4.4 Rarraba Gani

Bakan watsawa lanƙwasa ne mai kama da Gaussian a kusa da tsayin raƙuman ruwa (468 nm) tare da rabin faɗin 25 nm. Ruwa-bayyananne ruwan tabarau baya canza wannan bakan sosai, sabanin ruwan tabarau tare da foda da ake amfani da su a cikin LED farare.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Tattarawa

5.1 Girman Fakitin

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen fakitin EIA (Ƙungiyar Masana'antu ta Lantarki). Mahimman girma sun haɗa da jimlar tsayi (H) na 0.80mm, yana mai da shi abu \"extra thin\". Ana ba da sauran mahimman girma don ƙirar sawun PCB a cikin zane-zanen takardar bayanai, tare da jurewar gabaɗaya na ±0.10mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade.

5.2 Ganewa na Polarity

Kamar duk diodes, LED yana da tashar anode (tabbatacce) da cathode (maras kyau). Fakitin yawanci yana amfani da alamar gani, kamar tsaga, ɗigo, ko kusurwa mai siffa a gefen cathode. Shawarar shimfidar gidan solder a cikin takardar bayanai zai nuna daidaitaccen alkibla don ƙirar PCB.

5.3 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana ba da kayan a cikin tef ɗin mai ɗaukar hoto tare da tef ɗin kariya, wanda aka nannade akan reels masu diamita 7-inch (178mm). Daidaitaccen adadin reel shine guda 3000. Tattarawa yana bin ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Muhimman bayanan sun haɗa da: an rufe aljihunan fanko, mafi ƙarancin adadin tattarawa na guda 500 don sauran, da matsakaicin biyu na madaidaicin abubuwan da ba a samu ba da aka yarda a kowane reel.

6. Jagororin Solder & Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Siffar Solder Reflow

Na'urar ta dace da hanyoyin gudanar da solder na infrared (IR), wanda ke da mahimmanci don haɗawa mara gubar. An ba da shawarar bayanin martaba, yana bin ka'idojin JEDEC. Mahimman ma'auni sun haɗa da:
- Pre-heat:150–200°C
- Lokacin Pre-heat:Matsakaicin dakika 120 don ba da damar dumama daidai da kuma ƙafewar sauran ƙarfi.
- Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki:Matsakaicin 260°C.
- Lokaci Sama da Liquidus (TAL):Shawarar bayanin martaba yana nuna takamaiman lokaci a cikin yankin reflow mai mahimmanci; takardar bayanai ta ƙayyade matsakaicin dakika 10 a matsakaicin zafin jiki.
- Adadin Wucewa:Matsakaicin zagayowar reflow biyu.

6.2 Solder na Hannu

Idan solder na hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafin jiki.
- Zafin Ƙarfe:Matsakaicin 300°C.
- Lokacin Solder:Matsakaicin dakika 3 a kowane gidan.
- Adadin Wucewa:Lokaci ɗaya kawai. Zafi mai yawa na iya lalata fakitin filastik da guntun semiconductor.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Hankalin danshi abu ne mai mahimmanci ga abubuwan SMD.
- Fakitin da aka rufe:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% Danshi Dangantaka (RH). Yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda bayan ranar rufe jakar lokacin da aka tattara shi tare da desiccant.
- Fakitin da aka Buɗe:Don abubuwan da aka cire daga jakar shinge na danshi, yanayin ajiyar muhalli bai kamata ya wuce 30°C / 60% RH ba. Ana ba da shawarar kammala reflow na IR cikin mako guda bayan buɗewa.
- Ajiya Mai Tsayi (Buɗe):Ajiye a cikin akwati da aka rufe tare da desiccant ko a cikin desiccator na nitrogen.
- Baking:Idan abubuwan sun kasance a cikin yanayin muhalli fiye da mako guda, gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin solder don cire danshin da aka sha da kuma hana \"popcorning\" yayin reflow.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

Kada ka yi amfani da masu tsabtace sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba. Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko barasa na isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Masu sauran ƙarfi na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na filastik da fakitin.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Hasken Baya:Maɓallan maɓalli, ƙananan nuni na LCD, hasken icon.
• Alamomin Yanayi:Kunna wuta, jiran aiki, haɗin kai, yanayin cajin baturi a cikin na'urorin hannu, hanyoyin sadarwa, da na'urori.
• Hasken Ado:Hasken accent a cikin na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani.
• Alamomin Panel:Gaban panel na kayan aiki.

7.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

• Ƙuntatawa Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ko direba mai ci gaba. Lissafa ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga kwandon ko takardar bayanai don tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu bai wuce 20mA ba a ƙarƙashin mafi munin yanayi.
• Kariya ta ESD:LEDs suna da hankali ga fitar da tashin hankali (ESD). Yi amfani da shi tare da matakan kariya na ESD masu dacewa (belun wuyan hannu, tashoshin aiki masu tushe). Haɗa diodes na kariya na ESD akan PCBs idan LED yana cikin wuri da aka fallasa.
• Gudanar da Thermal:Ko da yake rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko hanyoyin zafi a ƙarƙashin gidajen LED don fitar da zafi, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma ko lokacin da aka tuƙa kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu.
• Ƙirar Gani:Kusurwar dubawa 130° tana ba da faɗin ɗaukar hoto. Don hasken da aka yi niyya, ruwan tabarau na waje ko jagororin haske na iya zama dole.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LEDs na rami ko manyan fakitin SMD (misali, 0603, 0805), babban bambancin wannan na'urar shine tsayinsa na 0.8mm, yana ba da damar samfuran ƙarshe masu siriri. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran LED \"guntun\", amfani da fasahar InGaN yana ba da haske mafi girma da inganci don fitar da haske shuɗi fiye da tsofaffin fasahohin. Haɗin siriri, haske mai girma, da dacewa da atomatik, haɗawa mai zafi mara gubar ya sa ya dace da zamani, mai tsada, da ingantaccen samar da yawa.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED da 3.3V ba tare da resistor ba?
A: A'a. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana kewayo daga 2.8V zuwa 3.8V. Haɗa 3.3V kai tsaye zai iya haifar da halin yanzu mai yawa idan V na LED_Fyana a ƙasan kewayon (misali, 2.9V), mai yuwuwar lalata shi. Koyaushe yi amfani da tsarin iyakance halin yanzu.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon da Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon?
A: Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P) shine kololuwar jiki na bakan haske (468 nm). Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d) shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane azaman launi (465-475 nm), wanda aka lissafa daga ma'auni na launi. Don LEDs masu launi ɗaya kamar wannan shuɗi, suna kusa amma ba iri ɗaya ba.

Q: Me ya sa buƙatun danshin ajiya ya fi tsauri ga fakitin da aka buɗe?
A> Fakitin SMD na filastik yana sha danshi daga iska. A lokacin babban zafi na gudanar da solder reflow, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi da sauri, yana haifar da matsa lamba a ciki wanda zai iya fashe fakitin (\"popcorning\" ko \"delamination\"). Ƙaƙƙarfan iyakoki da hanyoyin baking suna hana wannan yanayin gazawa.

Q: Zan iya amfani da wannan don nuna ƙarfin lantarki na baya?
A: A'a. Takardar bayanai a sarari ta bayyana cewa ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin baya ba. Gwajin halin yanzu na baya na 5V don siffanta kawai ne. Yin amfani da bambance-bambancen baya na ci gaba zai iya lalata LED.

10. Harka na Ƙira na Aiki

Yanayi:Ƙirar alamar yanayi don na'urar da ke amfani da wutar lantarki ta USB (wadata 5V).
Mataki 1 - Zaɓin Abun ciki:Zaɓi kwandon haske (misali, Bin P don matsakaicin haske) da kwandon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (misali, Bin D9 don lissafin ƙira).
Mataki 2 - Ƙirar Kewayawa:Lissafa resistor na jerin. Yin amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga Bin D9 (3.4V) da manufa I_Fna 20mA: R = (5V - 3.4V) / 0.020A = 80 Ohms. Zaɓi mafi kusancin ƙimar daidaitaccen (82 Ohms). Sake lissafin ainihin halin yanzu: I_F= (5V - 3.2V*) / 82Ω ≈ 21.95mA (mai aminci). *Yin amfani da V na yau da kullun_F.
Mataki 3 - Tsarin PCB:Sanya resistor 82Ω a cikin jerin tare da anode LED. Bi shawarar girman gidan solder daga takardar bayanai. Haɗa ƙaramar taimako na zafi ko ƙarin zubar da tagulla don watsa zafi.
Mataki 4 - Haɗawa:Bi shawarar bayanin martaba reflow. Ajiye reels da aka buɗe a cikin akwati bushewa idan ba a yi amfani da su nan da nan ba.

11. Gabatarwar Ka'ida

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan tsarin heterostructure na semiconductor da aka yi da Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin aiki na semiconductor. Sun sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na gawa na InGaN yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kuma ke ƙayyade tsayin raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, shuɗi. Ruwa-bayyananne ruwan tabarau na epoxy yana haɗawa da kare guntun semiconductor yayin da kuma yana siffanta fitar da hasken.

12. Trends na Ci gaba

Yanayin SMD LEDs don aikace-aikacen nuni yana ci gaba zuwa ƙananan sawun ƙafa, ƙananan bayanan martaba, da ingantaccen ingancin haske (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace raka'a na wutar lantarki). Hakanan akwai ƙaƙƙarfan tuƙi don ingantaccen aminci a ƙarƙashin manyan hanyoyin gudanar da solder don dacewa da umarnin mara gubar. Haɗawa tare da direbobin kan allo ko fakitin wayo don sauƙaƙe haɗawa kuma na iya zama wuraren ci gaba. Fasahar kayan InGaN na ƙasa tana ci gaba da girma, yana ba da ingantaccen aiki da kwanciyar hankali.