LTST-C190TGKT-2A SMD LED Datasheet - Size 1.6x0.8x0.6mm - Voltage 2.4-3.2V - Green - Technical Documentation

LTST-C190TGKT-2A ni kifaa cha LED cha kusakinishwa kwenye uso kilichoundwa kwa matumizi ya kisasa ya elektroniki yenye nafasi ndogo. Kifaa hiki ni sehemu ya mfululizo wa LED zenye chip nyembamba sana, na urefu wa kifungo ni milimita 0.8 tu. Inatumia chip ya semiconductor ya InGaN kutoa mwanga wa kijani, na kufikia usawa wa mwangaza na ufanisi katika kifungo kidogo. Kifaa hiki kinapatikana katika muundo wa mkanda wa 8 mm unaokubalika katika tasnia, na kipenyo cha reel ni inchi 7, na inaendana kabisa na vifaa vya usakinishaji wa chip otomatiki vya kasi ya juu.

1.1 Core Advantages and Target Market

The primary advantage of this LED lies in its extremely low profile height, which is crucial for applications with limited Z-axis space, such as ultra-thin displays, mobile devices, and wearable technology. Its compatibility with infrared reflow soldering processes aligns with standard SMT production lines, ensuring reliable and efficient manufacturing. The product is designated as a "Green Product," indicating its compliance with environmental regulations concerning hazardous substances. Its target markets include consumer electronics, indicator lights, backlighting for small displays, and various portable devices, all of which require reliable, bright indication functionality within a minuscule package.

2. In-depth Analysis of Technical Parameters

This section provides a detailed and objective analysis of the key electrical, optical, and thermal characteristics of the LED as defined in the datasheet. All parameters are specified at an ambient temperature of 25°C.

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Absolute maximum ratings define the stress limits that may cause permanent damage to the device. These are not operating conditions.

Power dissipation:

• 76 mW. This is the maximum thermal power that the LED package can dissipate without exceeding its thermal limits.Peak Forward Current:
• 100 milliamperes. This current can only be applied under pulse conditions with a duty cycle of 1/10 and a pulse width of 0.1 milliseconds. Suitable for brief, high-intensity flashes but not for continuous operation._{DC Forward Current:}20mA. Wannan shine shawarar mafi girma na ci gaba da gudana don tabbatar da aiki mai dogaro na dogon lokaci.Kewayon zafin aiki:
• -20°C zuwa +80°C. Na'urar an tsara ta don aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin yanayi._FKewayon zafin ajiya:-30°C zuwa +100°C. Na'urar za a iya adana ta a cikin wannan kewayon lokacin da ba a kunna wutar lantarki ba.
• Infrared welding conditions:Can withstand 260°C for 10 seconds. This defines the peak temperature tolerance during a typical lead-free solder paste reflow process.
• 2.2 Electrical and Optical CharacteristicsThese are typical operating parameters that define the LED's performance under normal conditions.
• Luminous Intensity:At a forward current of 2 mA, it is 18.0 to 112.0 millicandelas. This wide range indicates the device offers different brightness bins. Measurement uses a filter approximating the CIE photopic response curve.

Viewing Angle:

130 degrees. This is a very wide viewing angle, meaning the light output is distributed over a broad area, not a narrow beam. This angle is defined as the point where the intensity drops to half of its axial value.

• Peak Emission Wavelength:_V530 nanometers. This is the wavelength at which the spectral power output is highest.Dominant Wavelength:_F520.0 zuwa 540.0 nanometers. Wannan shine kawai tsawon raƙuman ruwa da idon mutum ke fahimta, wanda ke ayyana launin LED, wanda ya samo asali daga zanen launi na CIE. Rarrabe matakai sun rufe wannan kewayon.
• Rabin faɗin layin bakan:_{15 nanometers. Wannan yana ƙayyadad da faɗin bandejin hasken da ake fitarwa, ana auna shi da rabin cikakken tsayin kololuwar bakan. Ƙimar 15 nanometers tana nuna cewa launin ya kasance kore mai tsafta a kwatankwacinsa.}Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba:At a forward current of 2 mA, it is 2.4 to 3.2 volts. The voltage drop when the LED is operating. It is binned into a specific range.
• Reverse Current:_PAt a reverse voltage of 5 volts, maximum 10 µA. This parameter is for test purposes only. The LED is not designed for reverse bias operation; applying reverse voltage in a circuit may damage it.3. Explanation of the Grading System
• To ensure consistency in mass production, LEDs are sorted into different "bins" based on key parameters. This allows designers to select devices that meet specific color, brightness, and voltage requirements._d3.1 Forward Voltage GradingUnit: Volt, measured at 2 milliamps. Tolerance for each gear is ±0.1 volts.
• Gear D4:2.4 volts to 2.6 volts
• Gear D5:_F2.6 volts to 2.8 voltsGear D6:_F2.8 volts to 3.0 volts
• Gear D7:_R3.0 volts to 3.2 voltsSelecting a narrower voltage range helps design more consistent current-limiting circuits, especially when driving multiple LEDs in series._R3.2 Luminous Intensity Binning

Unit: millicandela, measured at 2 mA. Tolerance for each bin is ±15%.

Bin M:

18.0 millicandela to 28.0 millicandela

Gear N:

• 28.0 millicandela to 45.0 millicandelaGear P:
• 45.0 millicandelas to 71.0 millicandelasGear Q:
• 71.0 millicandelas to 112.0 millicandelasThis binning allows selection based on application brightness requirements, from low-power indicator lights to brighter status lights.
• 3.3 Dominant Wavelength BinningUnit: nm, measured at 2 mA. The tolerance for each bin is ±1 nm.

520.0 nm to 525.0 nm

Gear AQ:

• 525.0 nm to 530.0 nmGear AR:
• 530.0 nm to 535.0 nmGear AS:
• 535.0 nm to 540.0 nmThis is crucial for applications with strict color requirements, where a specific green hue must be maintained across multiple units or matched with other components.
• 4. Performance Curve AnalysisAlthough specific graphical curves are referenced in the datasheet, typical behavior can be described based on standard LED physics and the provided parameters.

The forward voltage exhibits a logarithmic relationship with the forward current. Under a test condition of 2 milliamperes, the forward voltage ranges between 2.4 volts and 3.2 volts. As the current increases, the forward voltage increases slightly. The LED displays characteristics similar to a diode: the current is negligible below the threshold voltage, after which it increases rapidly with a small increase in voltage. Therefore, an LED must be driven by a current-limiting source, not a voltage source.

4.2 Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current Relationship

• Luminous intensity is approximately proportional to the forward current over a wide range. Operating at 2 milliamperes provides graded intensity values. Increasing the current increases the light output, but at higher currents, this relationship can become nonlinear due to heating and efficiency droop. The maximum DC current of 20 milliamperes provides a guideline for the upper operating limit to maintain reliability.4.3 Spectral Distribution
• LED yana haskaka da farko a cikin yanki na kore na bakan gani. Tsawon tsayin kololuwa yawanci shine 530 nanometers, kuma rabin faɗin bakan shine 15 nanometers, wanda ke haifar da kore mai tsafta. Babban tsawon raƙuman da ke ayyana launin da ake gani ya bambanta tsakanin 520 zuwa 540 nanometers dangane da rarrabuwa. Bakan ba ya dogara da ƙarfin kwararar wutar lantarki, amma yana ɗan motsi tare da canjin yanayin zafin jiki.5. Mechanical and Packaging Information
• 5.1 Package DimensionsLED yana amfani da daidaitaccen masana'antu na "kunshen LED na guntu". Mahimman girma sun haɗa da ƙananan tsayin 0.8 millimeters. Takaddun bayanai sun ƙunshi cikakkun zane-zane na injina, suna nuna ra'ayi daga sama, gefe, da kuma ƙasa, tare da duk mahimman girma da ƙimar yarda. Duban ƙasa yana nuna sarari tsarin filaye na anode da cathode da alamun polarity.
• 5.2 Polarity IdentificationPolarity is typically indicated by markings on the package or an asymmetric pad design on the bottom. Correct polarity is crucial for operation. Applying reverse voltage may cause immediate failure.

The datasheet provides recommended pad patterns for PCB design. Following this pattern ensures proper soldering, alignment, and mechanical stability. The design typically includes thermal connections to manage heat during soldering and operation.

6. Soldering and Assembly Guide

6.1 Reflow Soldering Temperature Profile

This device is compatible with infrared reflow soldering processes using lead-free solder paste. A recommended temperature profile is provided, typically following JEDEC standards. Key parameters include:_FPreheating:_F120-150°C range._FPreheat time:_FMaximum 120 seconds, to activate the solder paste flux and stabilize the temperature.

Peak temperature:

Maximum 260°C._VTime above liquidus:

The temperature profile should limit the time the LED pins are above the solder melting point to a maximum of approximately 10 seconds.

This temperature profile is characterized by preventing thermal shock, ensuring reliable solder joints, while not damaging the LED's internal structure or epoxy lens._d6.2 Manual Soldering

If manual soldering must be performed, extreme caution is required:

Soldering iron temperature:

Maximum 300°C.

Welding time:

Maximum 3 seconds per pad.

Mita:

Ya kamata a yi sau ɗaya kawai. Yin dumama akai-akai zai ƙara haɗarin lalacewa.

It is recommended to use a pointed soldering iron and appropriate flux.

6.3 Cleaning

Only specified cleaning agents should be used. Recommended solvents include ethanol or isopropyl alcohol at room temperature. LEDs should be immersed for less than one minute. Unspecified chemicals may damage the plastic package or lens.

• 6.4 Storage ConditionsProper storage is crucial for SMD components:
• Sealed Packaging:Store at ≤30°C and ≤90% relative humidity. Use within one year after opening the moisture barrier bag.
• Opened package:For components removed from the original dry packaging, the environment should not exceed 30°C / 60% relative humidity. It is recommended to complete infrared reflow soldering within one week.
• Long-term storage:Store in a sealed container with desiccant or in a nitrogen desiccator.

LEDs stored outside the original packaging for more than one week should be baked at approximately 60°C for at least 20 hours before assembly to remove absorbed moisture and prevent "popcorn" phenomenon during reflow soldering.

7. Packaging and Ordering Information

• 7.1 Tape and Reel SpecificationsThe product is supplied in automated assembly format:
• Tape width:8mm.
• Diameter of the reel:7 inches.

4000 pieces.

Minimum Order Quantity:

The remaining quantity is 500.

Pocket Sealing:

• Empty pockets are sealed with top cover tape.Missing Parts:
• According to the specification, a maximum of two consecutive missing lights is allowed.Standard:
• Packaging complies with ANSI/EIA-481-1-A-1994 specification.8. Application Recommendations
• 8.1 Typical Application ScenariosStatus Indicator Light:

Power, connection, or activity indicator lights in consumer electronics.

Backlight:

Edge lighting for small LCD displays or icons in slim devices.

• Portable and wearable devices: 8mm.
• Indicator lights in smartphones, fitness trackers, and hearables where thinness is a critical factor.Panel indicators:
• Cluster indicators on control panels and instrument panels.8.2 Design Considerations
• Current drive:Always use a series current-limiting resistor or a constant-current drive circuit. Calculate the resistor value using the formula R = (Supply Voltage - Forward Voltage) / Forward Current. Use the maximum forward voltage value from the binning to ensure the minimum current is achieved even at the lowest supply voltage.
• Thermal Management:Although the power dissipation is low, if the operating current is close to the maximum value, especially at high ambient temperatures, ensure sufficient PCB copper area or thermal vias under the pad.
• ESD Protection:LED is sensitive to electrostatic discharge. Implement ESD-safe handling procedures during assembly and design. If the application environment is prone to ESD, consider adding transient voltage suppression diodes or resistors to sensitive lines.
• Optical Design:130-degree viewing angle provides wide scattering. For directional light, external lenses or light guides may be required.

9. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

The LTST-C190TGKT-2A is primarily differentiated by its ultra-thin 0.8mm profile height. Compared to standard 1.0mm or 1.2mm height LEDs, this allows for the design of thinner end products. The use of InGaN technology offers higher efficiency and brighter output compared to older AlGaInP technology, although the forward voltage is typically higher. The comprehensive binning system provides designers with fine control over color and brightness consistency, which is an advantage over LEDs with wider parameter ranges and unspecified characteristics.

• 10. Frequently Asked Questions10.1 Can I drive this LED continuously at 20mA?
• A'a, 20mA shine shawarar mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Don mafi tsawon rayuwa da aminci, ana ba da shawarar aiki a ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki, misali 10-15mA, saboda hakan na iya rage matsin zafi. Idan akwai jadawalin rage ƙima, da fatan za a yi la'akari da shi.10.2 For a 5V power supply, what size current-limiting resistor do I need?
• Yi amfani da dabara R = (Ƙarfin lantarki - Ƙarfin gaba) / Ƙarfin gaba. Don manufar ƙarfin gaba na 5mA da mafi girman ƙarfin gaba na 3.2V: R = (5V - 3.2V) / 0.005A = 360Ω. Don manufar 10mA: R = (5V - 3.2V) / 0.01A = 180Ω. Koyaushe zaɓi madaidaicin ƙimar resistor na gaba mafi girma, kuma yi la'akari da ƙimar wutar lantarki.10.3 Since reverse voltage should not be applied, why is there a reverse current parameter in the datasheet?
• The reverse current specification at a reverse voltage of 5 volts is a quality and leakage current test parameter performed during the manufacturing process. It verifies the integrity of the semiconductor junction. In practical circuits, you should never allow an LED to be in a reverse-biased state, as even a small reverse voltage exceeding the device's low reverse breakdown voltage can lead to immediate catastrophic failure.10.4 How to interpret the grading code in an order?

A complete order code may specify the binning for forward voltage, luminous intensity, and dominant wavelength. For example, D5-N-AR would specify an LED with a forward voltage of 2.6-2.8 volts, a luminous intensity of 28-45 millicandelas, and a dominant wavelength of 530-535 nanometers. Consult the manufacturer for the exact ordering syntax.

• 11. Practical Design CaseScene:_{Design a low battery indicator for a portable device powered by a 3.7V lithium-ion battery. The indicator should be clearly visible while minimizing power consumption.}Design Steps:_FCurrent Selection:_FSelect a forward current of 5 milliamperes to achieve a good balance between brightness and low power consumption._FVoltage Considerations:_{The battery voltage ranges from approximately 4.2 volts to approximately 3.0 volts. Use the minimum system voltage for worst-case resistance calculation to ensure the LED can still light up.}Resistance Calculation:
• Suppose an LED with forward voltage bin D7 is used. When the battery voltage is low, the voltage is insufficient to forward-bias the LED. Therefore, select an LED with a lower forward voltage bin, or use a charge pump/LED driver to achieve consistent performance across the entire battery voltage range. If an LED with bin D4 is used, when the battery voltage is low, the resistor is calculated as 80 ohms. When the battery is fully charged, the current will exceed the maximum of 20 milliamps. This demonstrates the challenge of driving an LED directly from a variable voltage source. It is recommended to use a constant current circuit or a more complex driver for optimal performance and LED safety.12. Introduction to Working Principles
• A light-emitting diode is a semiconductor device that converts electrical energy directly into light through a process called electroluminescence. The LTST-C190TGKT-2A uses an InGaN compound semiconductor. When a forward voltage is applied across the p-n junction, electrons from the n-type region and holes from the p-type region are injected into the active region. When these carriers recombine, they release energy in the form of photons. The specific wavelength of the emitted light is determined by the bandgap energy of the semiconductor material. InGaN materials are used to produce light in the blue, green, and ultraviolet portions of the spectrum. The green color of this LED is the result of the specific composition of indium, gallium, and nitrogen in its active layer.13. Teknolojia ya Maendeleo ya Mwelekeo
• The development of LEDs like the LTST-C190TGKT-2A follows several key industry trends. The ongoing drive for miniaturization enables thinner and smaller end products. Efficiency improvements in InGaN materials lead to higher luminous efficacy, which is crucial for battery-powered devices. Another trend is the refinement of binning and tighter parameter control, allowing for more consistent performance in mass production and meeting applications with stringent color or brightness uniformity requirements. Finally, enhanced reliability and compatibility with lead-free, high-temperature soldering processes are essential for meeting global environmental regulations and modern manufacturing standards.The 130-degree viewing angle provides wide dispersion. For directed light, an external lens or light guide may be necessary.

. Technical Comparison & Differentiation

The LTST-C190TGKT-2A differentiates itself primarily through its ultra-thin 0.8mm profile. Compared to standard 1.0mm or 1.2mm height LEDs, this allows for design in thinner end products. The use of InGaN technology provides higher efficiency and brighter output compared to older technologies like AlGaInP for green, though at a typically higher forward voltage. The comprehensive binning system offers designers fine control over color and brightness consistency, which is an advantage over LEDs supplied with wider, unspecified parameter spreads.

. Fesili e Masani ona Fesiligia (FAQ)

.1 E mafai ona ou fa'aogaina lenei LED i le 20mA fa'aauau?

E, 20mA o le DC forward current fautuaina aupito maualuga. Mo le olaga umi ma le faʻamaoni, o le faʻaogaina i se galu maualalo e pei o le 10-15mA e masani ona fautuaina, aua e faʻaitiitia ai le vevela. Ia faʻasino i taimi uma i le derating curves pe a maua.

.2 O le a le resistor ou te manaʻomia mo se sapalai 5V?

Faʻaaogaina le fua faʻatatau R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. For a target I_Fof 5mA and a maximum V_Fof 3.2V (Bin D7): R = (5V - 3.2V) / 0.005A = 360 Ohms. For a target of 10mA: R = (5V - 3.2V) / 0.01A = 180 Ohms. Always choose the next higher standard resistor value and consider power rating (P = I²R).

.3 Why is there a reverse current specification if I shouldn't apply reverse voltage?

The I_Rspecification at V_R=5V is a quality and leakage test parameter performed during manufacturing. It verifies the integrity of the semiconductor junction. In an actual circuit, you should never subject the LED to a reverse bias, as even a small reverse voltage beyond the device's low reverse breakdown voltage can cause immediate and catastrophic failure.

.4 How do I interpret the bin codes in an order?

A full order code might specify bins for V_F, I_V, and λ_d(e.g., D5-N-AR). This would specify LEDs with a forward voltage of 2.6-2.8V, luminous intensity of 28-45 mcd, and a dominant wavelength of 530-535 nm. Consult the manufacturer for exact ordering syntax.

. Practical Design Case

Scenario:Designing a low-battery indicator for a portable device powered by a 3.7V Li-ion battery. The indicator should be clearly visible but minimize power consumption.Design Steps:

1. Current Selection:Choose I_F= 5mA for a good balance of brightness and low power.
2. Voltage Consideration:Batire voltage ranges from ~4.2V (full) to ~3.0V (low). Use the minimum system voltage (3.0V) for worst-case resistor calculation to ensure the LED still turns on.
3. Resistor Calculation (Worst-case):Assume using a V_FBin D7 LED (max V_F= 3.2V). At low battery (3.0V), there is insufficient voltage to forward bias the LED (3.0V<.2V). Therefore, select a lower V_Fbin (e.g., D4: max 2.6V) or use a charge pump/LED driver for consistent performance across the battery range. If using Bin D4 with max V_F=2.6V at low battery: R = (3.0V - 2.6V) / 0.005A = 80 Ohms. At full charge (4.2V): I_F= (4.2V - 2.4V_min) / 80 = 22.5mA (exceeds 20mA max). This shows the challenge of driving LEDs directly from a varying voltage source. A constant-current circuit or a more sophisticated driver is recommended for optimal performance and LED safety.

. Operating Principle Introduction

Light-emitting diodes are semiconductor devices that convert electrical energy directly into light through a process called electroluminescence. The LTST-C190TGKT-2A uses an InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) compound semiconductor. When a forward voltage is applied across the p-n junction, electrons from the n-type region and holes from the p-type region are injected into the active region. When these charge carriers recombine, they release energy in the form of photons (light). The specific wavelength (color) of the emitted light is determined by the bandgap energy of the semiconductor material. InGaN materials are used to produce light in the blue, green, and ultraviolet parts of the spectrum. The green color of this LED is a result of the specific composition of indium, gallium, and nitrogen in its active layer.

. Technology Trends

The development of LEDs like the LTST-C190TGKT-2A follows several key industry trends. There is a continuous drive toward miniaturization, enabling thinner and smaller end products. Efficiency improvements in InGaN materials are leading to higher luminous efficacy (more light output per electrical watt), which is crucial for battery-powered devices. Another trend is the refinement of binning and tighter parameter control, allowing for more consistent performance in mass production and enabling applications with stringent color or brightness uniformity requirements. Finally, enhanced reliability and compatibility with lead-free, high-temperature soldering processes are essential to meet global environmental regulations and modern manufacturing standards.